Effects Of Natural Substances Research Articles

Effects of Natural Substances on Lowering Uric Acid

Uric acid (UA) metabolism, which includes uric acid production controlled by purine metabolism and uric acid excretion controlled by the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, is the primary way to maintain the concentration of uric acid in the body. Abnormal functionalizing of the metabolism may cause hyperuricemia, gout, kidney injury, and other diseases. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted on the effect of natural products, including active ingredients of medicinal plants, natural compounds, plant and fungal extracts, traditional herbal formulations, microbial products, alkaloids, etc., on the downward regulation of uric acid for treating uric acid related diseases. Based on the potential sources from 2018 to 2022, 16 studies were reviewed and considered relevant to the topic. This paper is a preliminary summary of the effects of active ingredients of plants, the extracts of plants, and traditional herbal formulations on regulating uric acid levels.

The Effect of Natural Substances Contained in Bee Products on Prostate Cancer in In Vitro Studies.

Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men in older age groups. The WHO forecasts an increase in the incidence of prostate cancer in the coming years. Patients may not respond to treatment, and may not tolerate the side effects of chemotherapy. Compounds of natural origin have long been used in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Flavonoids obtained from natural products, e.g., propolis, are compounds with proven antibacterial and antiviral efficacy which modulate the immune response and may be useful as adjuvants in chemotherapy. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic properties of selected flavonoids on prostate cancer cells of the LNCaP line. The compounds used in this study were CAPE, curcumin (CUR), and quercetin (QUE). Mitochondrial and lysosome metabolism was assessed by the XTT-NR-SRB triple assay as well as by the fluorescent staining techniques. Staining for reactive oxygen species was performed as well. The experiment showed that each of the tested compounds has a cytotoxic effect on the LNCaP cell line. Different types of cell death were induced by the tested compounds. Apoptosis was induced by quercetin, while autophagy-specific changes were observed after using CAPE. Compounds obtained from other bee products have antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity against LNCaP prostate cancer cells.

Effect of Natural Substances on the Rooting and Survivability of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Cuttings

Effect of Natural Substances on the Rooting and Survivability of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Cuttings

The effect of natural substances on the radicle development of certain plant seeds during the early germination stage

Successful seed germination is crucial in many plants. Natural substances and chemicals have been used as growth enhancement tools. In the meantime, natural substances are considered environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Hence, the present study was focused on the effects of natural substances such as red rice, white rice washed water, orange coconut, green coconut, and matured coconut water on radicle development of black gram, pumpkin, rice, and maize. Twenty-five healthy sterilized seeds (85%germination rate) of the above plants were pre-soaked in 30 ml of the natural suspension for 24 hours separately at room temperature and repeated twice. Then seeds were transferred to the sterilized petri dish with moistened filter paper and mean values of length of the radicle were measured. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05) followed by Tukey test. Natural substances have not affected radicle development of the tested seeds, except pumpkin, and maize after 24hours whereas in the control radicle length of these two species was 5.48 and 0.68mm, respectively. However, interestingly after 48hours, radicle formation of most tested seeds was highly accelerated by red rice and white rice washed water, except for black gram. Hence, orange coconut, green coconut, and matured coconut water have showed an inhibitory effect on root length development, except for maize at 48 hours. On the other hand, among the selected natural substances red rice and white rice washed water revealed better effects on radicle development. So, they can be used as an environmentally friendly method to stimulate the radicle development.

Effect of Natural Substances as Antioxidants and as Corrosion Inhibitors of Carbon Steel on Soybean Biodiesel

The use of natural additives in biodiesel has been investigated, however, there is limited information in the literature in relation to their influence on corrosion resistance and oxidative stability. This work aims to investigate the oxidative stability of biodiesel and the corrosion resistance of carbon steel (AISI 1020) in contact with soybean biodiesel solutions (B100) in the presence and absence of natural additives such as: rosmarinic acid, curcumin, gingerol, eugenol, thymol and quercetin. Corrosion and microscopy tests were used to assess corrosion resistance. The Rancimat technique was used to study oxidative stability. The results obtained indicate that curcumin was the best additive in relation to oxidative stability, while rosmarinic acid showed better performance in inhibiting corrosion. The effect of these substances is related to the presence of phenolic compounds or the existence of oxygen in its molecular structure.

Characterization of Rat Cardiovascular System by Anacrotic/Dicrotic Notches in the Condition of Increase/Decrease of NO Bioavailability.

We characterized modes of action of NO-donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and NO-synthase inhibitor l-NAME derived from dicrotic (DiN) and anacrotic (AnN) notches of rat arterial pulse waveform (APW) in the condition of increased/decreased NO bioavailability. The cross-relationship patterns of DiN and AnN with 34 hemodynamic parameters (HPs) induced by GSNO and l-NAME are presented. After GSNO bolus administration, approximate non-hysteresis relationships were observed in the difference between DiN–AnN (mmHg) blood pressure (BP) and other 19 HPs, suggesting that these HPs, i.e., their signaling pathways, responding to NO concentration, are directly connected. Hysteresis relationships were observed between DiN-AnN (mmHg) and other 14 HPs, suggesting that signaling pathways of these HPs are indirectly connected. The hysteresis relationships were only observed between the time interval DiN-AnN (ms) and other 34 HPs, indicating no direct connection of signaling pathways. The cross-relationship patterns of DiN-AnN (mmHg), but not DiN-AnN (ms), induced by l-NAME were in accordance to the increased NO bioavailability induced by GSNO. In conclusion, we found the non-hysteresis/hysteresis cross-relationship “patterns” of DiN-AnN intervals to other HPs in the presence of GSNO that revealed their direct or indirect signaling pathways connections. This may contribute to our understanding of biological effects of natural substances that modulate NO production and/or NO signaling pathways.

P-072 - Effects of natural substances from Boswellia sacra and Nerium oleander (breastin) in colon and pancreatic cancer

Introduction: Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and it accounts approximately 10-15% of all cancer deaths each year, while pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting 6% of all cancer-related deaths. Natural products are becoming an important research area for drug discovery and have been used for the treatment of various diseases. They exhibit anticarcinogenic properties by interfering with the development and progression of cancer. Boswellia sacra has exhibited tumor-cell specific apoptosis and suppresses tumor aggressiveness in human breast cancer cell lines. Nerium oleander is determined to have cytotoxic effects over some types of cancer cells. The present study aimed to evaluate the outcome of treating colon and pancreatic carcinoma cell lines with the above two natural substances, Boswellia sacra and Nerium oleander (breastin). Methods: The products were tested with HPLC or LC-MS for identification of active substances (boswellic acids and oleandrin/oleandrigenin respectively). HCT-116 (colon carcinoma) and PANC-1 (pancreatic) cell lines were then cultured with the above substances in different concentrations for 24 and 48h. Viability assays were performed by using methyl-tetrazolium dye (MTT) and statistical analysis followed (t-test). All the reactions were performed in triplicates, while appropriate controls were used. Results: The active substances were detected with the analytical methods. The treatment with Boswellia sacra in 50 μg/ml decreased the viability of HCT116 by 50% at 24h and 48h, while in PANC-1, optimum results observed in 25 μg/ml, decreasing the cell population approximately 40-50% in both time periods. The treatment of colon carcinoma cell line with breastin in 1 μg/ml reduced the cell population 35% at 24h, while addition in 2.5 μg/ml decreased viability up to 70% at 48h of incubation. A decrease in viability up to 50% was also observed in PANC-1 after treatment with 0.5 μg/ml at 24h and 1 μg/ml post 48h of treatment. Conclusion: Taking everything into consideration, it has been demonstrated that Boswellia sacra and Nerium oleander (breastin) affected the proliferation of the above-tested cell lines. The mechanism of action is not known, however, the above substances contain molecules that might contribute to this inhibition. The study of the specific molecules contained in breastin and Boswellia sacra, as well as studies in more samples and other types of cancer, is necessary to prove the previous concept.

The Impact of Computational Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the study of how drugs interact within the human body. The field covers a variety of topics such as pharmaceutical capabilities and interactions. Early studies in pharmacology focused on the effects of natural substances in the body as a means of therapeutic treatment. Modern pharmacology uses computation and modeling as research tools on a cellular level. Computational models are useful in almost every scientific and engineering discipline especially when practical and ethical considerations prevent experimenting with real systems. The models are needed to design various parts of the drug discovery process. Computer programs for designing compounds is one key area of computational pharmacology. Another area of interest are digital repositories for investigating chemical interactions. Modern pharmacology now involves using a computational method. This paper provides a brief introduction to computational pharmacology.

Efeito antioxidante da diosmina: revisão integrativa

O estresse oxidativo está relacionado ao desenvolvimento de muitas enfermidades e atualmente tem-se utilizado a Diosmina visando reduzi-lo. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar através da literatura o efeito antioxidante da Diosmina. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo bibliográfico de revisão integrativa, realizada a partir artigos que abordassem o tema pesquisado publicados entre 2013 a 2017 oriundos das bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed e Bireme. Foram analisados 9 artigos. Os estudos avaliados evidenciam que com a utilização da Diosmina há uma elevação da quantidade no organismo de enzimas que combatem o estresse oxidativo como, catalase e outras. E também que ocorreu a redução do Malondialdeído. Conclui-se com esse estudo que a Diosmina contribui para o combate das lesões desencadeadas pelo desequilíbio no status redox que estimula o aumento de antioxidantes enzimáticos e inibe a formação de malondialdeído, assim colaborando para a diminuição de danos aos tecidos.

The research of free aminoacids of water-soluble protein-polysaccharide complex of oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus

Recently, the share of medicinal products of natural origin has increased in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. This is due to the fact that the pharmacological effect of natural substances provides a complex of biologically active substances, which has a high therapeutic effect and the minimum number of adverse reactions. Therefore, the study of chemical composition and standardization of natural substances is an important stage in pharmaceutical research.A promising source of active ingredients is the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The chemical composition of this fungus is represented by a large number of biologically active substances, which ensures its many-sided use in folk medicine.Aim. The determination of qualitative and quantitative composition of free amino acids in the composition of water-soluble protein-polysaccharide complex (WPPSC) of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus was the aim of research.Methods. Physicochemical methods are the most commonly used to study active substances of natural origin. This is due to the fact that they provide high informative, accurate, efficient and reproducible. The method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the amino acid composition of the WPPSC of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. This method is based on the separation of individual components due to different adsorption capacity.Results. Research of the amino acid composition of the WPPSC of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus showed that the complex contains 10 (7 %) free amino acids, among which 5 are essential. The detected aminoacids are aliphatic, heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. They are presented by glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, selinum, lysine, arginine, histidine and phenylalanine.Conclusion. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the free amino acids of the WPPSC of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus was established. The method of determination and separation of free amino acids by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography is proposed. The obtained results are proposed for standardization of the initial substance in the process of production of medicines based on WPPSC of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus

Improvement of joint health by anti‐inflammatory activity of natural substances in chondrocyte of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease that involves inflammation and pain due to damage or degenerative changes in the cartilage that protects the joints. OA has a high incidence in the elderly. Treatment methods include relieving symptoms and preventing cartilage damage. Drugs used to treat osteoarthritis have side effects and it is important to reduce them. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis using natural substances. The purpose of this experiment was the anti‐inflammation effect of natural substances on osteoarthritis in primary cultured rat cartilage chondrocytes. Aggrecan, collagen type I, □, □, MMP‐3, 7, NK‐kB and COX‐2 expression were measured by real‐time PCR. TNF‐α and IL‐1β secretion was measured by ELISA kit. H2O2 and LPS‐induced chondrocytes were used to measure concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 (μg/ml). As a result, S400 significantly increased the gene expression level of aggrecan, collagen type I, II, III and decreased gene expression of pro‐inflammatory factors NF‐kB, COX‐2 and MMPs (3 and 7). The cytokine productions of TNF‐α and IL‐1β also decreased in S400. Therefore, S400 had an anti‐inflammatory effect and alleviated the inflammation occurs in OA.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Effects of Natural Substances on Healing of Long Bone Fractures: A Narrative Review of Traditional Persian Medicine

Fractures, especially leg fractures, are one of the most common problems in the world, and it causes a considerable economic and social burden for patients and societies. Orthopedic surgery plays the most important role in the treatment of fractures, but it is expensive and requires anesthesia which has a variety of side effects. Besides surgery and conventional treatments, it seems that the use of natural substances as complementary therapy can be useful. In Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) manuscripts, many diverse natural substances, especially medicinal herbs, are mentioned as useful medications for fracture healing. The aim of this study was to investigate medicinal plants and natural substances used in TPM as useful in fracture healing, by an overview of traditional knowledge as compared with new investigations. The main manuscripts of TPM, including the Canon of Medicine, Tohfat-ol-Moemenin, Exir-e–azam and Makhzan-ol-advieh, were assembled through a literature search, to select the substances used in fracture healing. Also, current evidence on related substances were studied through a search of Google Scholar and PubMed databases. In this study, eleven substances were identified and categorized into three groups: plants, animals, and minerals. The results of our study showed that the most cited substances were used due to their effects on fracture or wound healing, inflammations, and pain. This historical assessment can help in obtaining new data about natural substances for faster fracture healing, which may lead to subsequent opportunities to assess their potential medicinal use. [GMJ. 2016;5(4):165-72]

Adsorptive Removal of Humic Acid by Zirconia Embedded in a Poly(ether sulfone) Membrane

The presence of humic acid (HA) in groundwater threatens aquatic life and human health; for the effective treatment of such pollutants, an advanced/hybrid method is essential. In this work, zirconia embedded in poly(ether sulfone) (ZrePES) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) has been studied for the removal of HA. Chemical precipitation method was utilized to prepare nano zirconia (ZrO2). The modified PES membrane with nano ZrO2 of 2.5 and 5 wt % were studied. Contact angle measurement and protein rejection studies showed an enhanced hydrophilicity with increase in pore radius for ZrePES membranes. Also, the addition of nano ZrO2 altered the membrane morphology and improved pure water permeability. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that HA adsorption efficiency was higher at pH 2 for ZrePES membranes. The HA uptake capacity of 50.5 mg/g was observed for the 5 wt % ZrePES membrane. Experimental adsorption results showed good agreement with adsorption kinetics model. Ultrafiltration studies showed HA rejection was up to 97% for 5 wt % ZrePES membrane. The effects of natural substances and their impact on HA rejection in ZrePES membrane were also analyzed and discussed.

The effects of biologically active substances in medicinal plants on the metabolic activity of neutrophils

Neutrophils are the typical effector cells of the innate immune response because they are the first leukocytes to be recruited to an inflammatory site where they engulf invading microorganisms and destroy them by multiple oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms. The destructive potential of neutrophils requires the tight control of their recruitment into tissue compartments and the production of inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species. These oxidants can be highly toxic not only for infectious agents but also for neighbouring host tissues resulting in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Thus, a significant attention in medicine is paid to approaches designed to modulate the metabolic activity of neutrophils. Synthetic steroid and non-steroid compounds with adverse side effects are commonly used for this purpose. The effects of natural substances which can modulate the metabolic activity of neutrophils and which simultaneously would not exert any significant unfavourable side effects have recently been investigated. Suitable candidates for this purpose might be compounds contained in herbs. These include especially polysaccharides and polyphenols, but also terpenes. The aim of the present paper is to summarize contemporary knowledge on the effects of compounds from herbs on the metabolic activity of mammalian neutrophils.

Respiration of aquatic insect larvae (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera) in acid mine water.

Ecotoxicology (Truhaut 1975) is the study of the harmful effects of natural substances and artificial pollutants experienced by organisms in the environment. The degree of response exhibited by an organism toward the presence of noxious substances can often be determined by monitoring a physiological parameter. One such parameter is respiration. The majority of studies dealing with the biological impact of acid mine drainage have been ecological surveys. No studies have been reported which deal with the physiological response of an organism to acid mine water other than acute toxicities of the various components expected in an effluent stream (Bell and Nebeker 1969; Kimmel and Hales 1973; Warnick and Bell 1969). These studies did not consider possible synergistic effects between individual components of acid mine water or the mode of action of pollutants involved. The work we report was undertaken to determine whether the toxic mode of action of an acid water effluent involves any aspect of the respiratory processes in three species of aquatic insect larvae. Although respirometry can be valuable in detecting signs of metabolic involvement, one must be aware that it is not a technique for the identification of specific toxic mechanisms.