Effect Of Nanofillers Research Articles

Comprehensive properties study of polyimide with fluorinated nanofillers

AbstractThere is an increasing demand for polyimide (PI) with excellent mechanical properties, good heat resistance, and low dielectric constant in integrated circuits and advanced packaging. Based on this, we report a strategy of tailoring the PI via fluorinated nanofillers modification to improve its mechanical properties, heat resistance, hydrophobicity, and reduce its dielectric constant. Specifically, different fluorinated nanofiller, including fluorinated graphene (FG), fluorinated carbon nanotubes (FCNT), fluorinated carbon black (FCB), and fluorinated graphene quantum dots (FGQD) were introduced into PI matrix to prepared composite films by a simple method of in‐situ polymerization, and the effect of different nanofillers on the properties of polyimide was systematically investigated. The results showed that the introduction of fluorinated nanofillers significantly improved the comprehensive performance of the composite films, especially the FGQD. FGQD/PI composite film with 0.5 wt% FGQD exhibits superior tensile strength (145.8 MPa), Young's modulus (2.83 GPa) and elongation at break (45.4%) the best comprehensive performance which are 10.0%, 19.4%, and 32.0% of those of pure PI, respectively. Most importantly, the FGQD/PI composite film shows decreased dielectric constant (from 3.38 to 2.93) at 1 MHz improved hydrophobicity and excellent heat resistance. The FGQD/PI composite film exhibits excellent comprehensive performance, thereby showing the potential in the future development of advanced packaging and microelectronics industry.

Material characterization of polymer nanocomposites for aerospace applications

Nanocomposites have been used as suitable substitutes for metal matrices and alloys for quite some time. In industrial applications, carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) and other fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are more prevalent as compared to polymers reinforced with one dimensional nanofillers. It becomes important to analyze the effects on the mechanical properties of polymer matrix when reinforced with nanofillers. The nanocomposites are prepared using epoxy resin as the polymer matrix. Two nanofillers, namely carbon nanotubes (CNT) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT) are used to compare the impact of each on the polymer matrix. Three different weight percentages for each nanofiller composite are fabricated: 0.5 wt%, 1 wt% & 1.5 wt% for CNT and 1 wt%, 5 wt% & 10 wt% for HNT is considered. The microstructural characterization through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) provided an in-depth understanding of the dispersion of nanofillers in the polymer matrix and the quality of its fabrication. The images obtained from the SEM show the presence of micro voids and some agglomerations in the specimens. The XRD plots with peak broadening confirm the smaller size of crystallite in nanocrystalline materials of the specimens. The mechanical characterization, which includes hardness, tensile and flexural showed the effect of nanofillers in the epoxy. However, it can be concluded that the application of 1 wt% nanofillers leads to an optimum dispersion and improved the polymer mechanical capabilities. A fractography analysis can be considered as a future scope of this study.

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Effect of MWCNT-COOH and Al2O3 Hybrid Nanofillers Dispersed CFRP Laminates Subjected to Projectile Impact

Although carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have excellent intrinsic mechanical properties, they are vulnerable to impact loads because of their weak inter-laminar fracture toughness, which results in delamination damage. This study presents a novel hybrid nanofiller combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and alumina nanoparticles (Al2O3) to determine improvements in the impact resistance of CFRP laminate. The projectile impact experimental study is carried out on 140 mm × 140 mm × 1.5 mm CFRP laminate with spherical and conical nose shape projectiles. The numerical study of the test plate consisting of six layers is performed, in which each layer is modeled using a shell element and connected through tiebreak contact. Using the Cowper–Symonds equation to determine the dynamic mechanical properties, the numerical validation is established considering the strain rate effect. The results, such as residual velocity, damage area, ballistic limit velocity and delamination obtained from numerical analysis, are compared with the experimental observations. In laminates with hybrid nanofillers, residual velocity decreased by 20% and 9% when spherical and conical projectiles were impacted, respectively. The study indicates that 0.1 wt% MWCNT + 1 wt% Al2O3 nanofiller concentration embedded CFRP offers better resistance against spherical and conical projectile impact.

Effects of nanoclay cloisite 20A and alkali treatments on structure-property relationships of bagasse/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites

This study was aimed at evaluating the individual and combined effects of organically modified nanoclay cloisite 20A and alkali treatments on the valorization of totally waste-based bagasse fiber/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites. FTIR spectra indicated the reduction of bagasse fibers’ hydroxyl moieties due to hemicellulose removal resulting from alkali treatment. There were also trace diminutions in C-O peak intensities due to the degradation of little amounts of lignin. X-ray Scattering revealed the intercalation of nanoclay in the polymer matrix. The improved interaction of fiber-polymer interfaces brought about by alkali treatment was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The physical properties of the nanocomposites were improved due to the barrier properties of nanoclay against water ingress. The flexural strength and modulus of elasticity increased by both individual and combined treatments; however, the impact strength decreased by the individual treatments. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the temperatures of first and second stages of composites’ thermal degradation increased due to the treatments via the formation of a carbonized char layer thermally insulating the deeper composite layers. Differential scanning calorimetry showed some slight increases in the melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallisation temperature, crystallisation enthalpy, and crystallinity index of the treated composite formulations due to the nucleating effect of nanofillers. The overall results confirmed that the combination of nanoclay cloisite 20A and NaOH treatments could significantly improve the overall properties of the studied composites. This was due to some interesting synergistic effects of the given treatments on the nanocomposites converting the bagasse/recycled PP composites to high performance materials of choice.

Development of flexible and stretchable PEO/PVP/LiTFSI/BaTiO3 electrolytes for lithium ion-conducting device technologies: exploration of nanofiller effect on the promising properties

Development of flexible and stretchable PEO/PVP/LiTFSI/BaTiO3 electrolytes for lithium ion-conducting device technologies: exploration of nanofiller effect on the promising properties

Nanocellulose-Based Thermoplastic Polyurethane Biocomposites with Shape Memory Effect

In 2020, we published a review on the study of semi-crystalline thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers and composites based on the shape memory effect. The shape recovery ability of such polymers is determined by their sensitivity to temperature, moisture, and magnetic or electric fields, which in turn are dependent on the chemical properties and composition of the matrix and the nanofiller. Nanocellulose is a type of nanomaterial with high strength, high specific surface area and high surface energy. Additionally, it is nontoxic, biocompatible, environmentally friendly, and can be extracted from biomass resources. Thanks to these properties, nanocellulose can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of polymer matrices with shape memory effect and as a switching element of shape memory. This review discusses the methods for producing and properties of nanocellulose-based thermo-, moisture-, and pH-sensitive polyurethane composites. The synergistic effect of nanocellulose and carbon nanofillers and possible applications of nanocellulose-based thermoplastic polyurethane biocomposites with shape memory effect are discussed. A brief description of nanocellulose terminology is also given, along with the structure of shape memory thermoplastic polyurethanes. There is significant interest in such materials for three primary reasons: the possibility of creating a new generation of biomaterials, improving the environmental friendliness of existing materials, and exploiting the natural renewability of cellulose sources.

Effects of organically-modified montmorillonite and alkalinization on physical, mechanical, chemical, morphological, and thermal properties of wheat straw/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites

Valorization of wheat straw fiber/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites was investigated through studying the individual and combined effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and alkali treatments on the given composites. FTIR spectra indicated the reduction of wheat straw fibers' hydroxyl groups due to hemicellulose removal resulting from alkali treatment. There were also trace diminutions in C-O peak intensities due to the degradation of little amounts of lignin. X-ray analysis revealed the intercalation of nanoclay in the polymer matrix. The improved interaction of fiber-polymer interfaces brought about by alkali treatment was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption and thickness swelling properties of the nanocomposites were improved due to the barrier properties of nanoclay against water ingress. The flexural strength and modulus of elasticity increased by the individual, and likewise combined treatments. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the temperatures of first and second stages of composites' thermal degradation increased via the formation of a carbonized char layer thermally insulating the deeper composite layers. Differential scanning calorimetry showed some slight increases in the melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallisation temperature, crystallisation enthalpy, and crystallinity index of the treated composites due to the nucleating effect of nanofillers. The overall results showed that the combined treatment of OMMT and NaOH (vs. the individual ones) could significantly improve the overall properties of the studied composites. This was due to some interesting synergistic effects of the given treatments converting the wheat straw fiber/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites to high performance materials of choice for industry.

Shape Memory Graphene Nanocomposites—Fundamentals, Properties, and Significance

Shape memory nanocomposites are excellent smart materials which can switch between a variable temporary shape and their original shape upon exposure to external stimuli such as heat, light, electricity, magnetic fields, moisture, chemicals, pH, etc. Numerous nanofillers have been introduced in shape memory polymers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, carbon nanofibers, etc. Among nanocarbons, graphene has attracted research interest for the development of shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites. Graphene is a unique one-atom-thick two-dimensional nanosheet of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been used as an effective nanofiller in shape memory polymeric nanocomposites owing to its remarkable electrical conductivity, flexibility, strength, and heat stability. Thermoplastics as well as thermoset matrices have been used to form the shape memory nanomaterials with graphene nanofiller. In shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites, their shape has been fixed above the transition temperature and then transformed to the original shape through an external stimulus. The inclusion of graphene in nanocomposites can cause fast switching of their temporary shape to their original shape. Fine graphene dispersion, matrix–nanofiller interactions, and compatible interface development can lead to high-performance shape memory graphene-derived nanocomposites. Consequently, this review focuses on an important class of shape memory graphene-based nanocomposites. The fabrication, physical properties, and shape memory actuation of polymer/graphene nanocomposites are discussed. The stimuli-responsive polymer/graphene nanocomposites mostly revealed heat-, electricity-, and light-induced effects. The inclusion of graphene enhanced the physical/covalent linking, shape recovery, shape fixity, flexibility, and crystallization effects in the polymers. Furthermore, potential applications of these materials are observed in the aerospace/automobile industries, civil engineering, and biomaterials.

Effect of Silica Nanofiller on Thermal-Oxidative Degradation of Epoxy Composites Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Method

Effect of Silica Nanofiller on Thermal-Oxidative Degradation of Epoxy Composites Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Method

Effect of Al2O3 and SiC Nano-Fillers on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites

Polymeric nanocomposites are an emerging research topic, as they improve fiber-reinforced composites’ thermo-mechanical and tribological properties. Nanomaterials improve electrical and thermal conductivity and provide excellent wear and friction resistance to the polymer matrix material. In this research work, a systematic study was carried out to examine the tensile and hardness properties of a carbon fiber epoxy composite comprising nano-sized Al2O3 and SiC fillers. The study confirms that adding nano-fillers produces superior tensile and hardness properties for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The amount of filler loading ranged from 1, 1.5, 1.75, and 2% by weight of the resin for Al2O3 and 1, 1.25, 1.5, and 2% for SiC fillers. The maximum tensile strength gain of 29.54% and modulus gain of 2.42% were noted for Al2O3 filled composite at 1.75 wt.% filler loading. Likewise, enhanced strength gain of 25.75% and 1.17% in modulus gain was obtained for SiC-filled composite at 1.25 wt.% filler loading, respectively. The hardness property of nano-filled composites improved with a hardness number of 47 for nano-Al2O3 and 43 for nano-SiC, respectively, at the same filler loading.

Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Dual-Filler-Epoxy-Coated Steel Rebar under a Corrosive Environment

The deterioration of steel rebar in reinforced concrete is a major issue that reduces RC structures’ durability and structural integrity. Significant efforts have been devoted to developing high-performance coatings to provide efficient protection of the rebar, and one promising approach is to utilize nanofiller as additives to improve the performance of polymer resins. This study aimed to improve the corrosion resistance of steel rebar by applying an epoxy coating with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and silica nanopowders (NSs) as additives. The corrosion behavior of nanocomposite-coated rebars was characterized via an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test, and salt spray exposure was utilized to evaluate the durability of the coated rebars. Investigation of abrasion resistance and mechanical properties of the coatings was conducted using the falling sand test and tensile coupon test. In addition, the nanocomposites were scanned by micro-CT to explore the effect of binary nanofillers on the intactness of the polymeric matrix. The GNP-NS hybrid filler reduced the void fraction to 0.002%, whereas the void fraction in pure epoxy was 0.07%. Significant reinforcement was found in the mechanical properties; the addition of GNP-NS hybrid filler increased the tensile strength to 37.1 MPa, a 56% increase compared to the pure epoxy. Additionally, the GNP-NS hybrid fillers have led to an improvement of 16% in the Young’s modulus. In terms of corrosion resistance, the Rc value of rebar coated with GNP-NS coating was about three times greater than the ones coated with a single-filler epoxy coating during the initial test, and this value remained undegraded after 200 hr of exposure. In contrast, the group containing hybrid fillers displayed the lowest thickness loss following abrasion testing, with a 74% reduction in thickness loss, showing the coating’s high abrasion resistance. Hence, the results reveal that GNP-NS hybrid fillers have superior wear resistance, mechanical capabilities, anticorrosion properties, and durability. This research provides valuable insights into developing and implementing high-performance polymeric material to protect steel rebars in concrete structures, therefore significantly increasing the sustainability of concrete structures.

Evaluating the effect of nanofillers on cement-based composites strength via artificial neural network and genetic algorithm

This paper investigated the contributions of nanofillers’ characteristics and contents on the strength of cement-based composites. For this purpose, an artificial neural network and genetic algorithm model was developed based on 150 compressive/splitting tensile experimental results of cement-based composites, comprehensively considering chemical compositions (silica, titania, zirconia, carbon, and boron nitride nanofillers), physical dimensions (minimum size, aspect ratio, and diameter-thickness ratio), surface treatments (surface hydroxyl treatment and surface nickel coating), and contents of nanofillers. The research results indicated that the chemical compositions, physical dimensions, surface treatments, and contents of nanofillers present distinct effects on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of cement-based composites. The chemical compositions and surface treatment of nanofillers are the primary factors determining the compressive strength of nano-engineered cement-based composites, and the influence weights of carbon and surface hydroxyl treatment are 41.6% and 12.0%, respectively., respectively. In contrast, the splitting tensile strength of nano-engineered cement-based composites is notably affected by the diameter-thickness ratio and minimum size of nanofillers, and the corresponding influence weights equal to 28.2% and 17.3%, respectively. These findings provide a guideline for designing and controlling the strength of nano-engineered cement-based composites.

Quantification of interfacial structure at nanoscale and its relationship with viscoelastic glass transition of SiO2/elastomer nanocomposites

The interfacial structure and chain segment dynamics of nanofiller/polymer composites play an important role in their macroscopic properties. Nevertheless, the mechanisms on the effects of nanofiller on the chain segment dynamics and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of nanocomposites are still controversial. In this study, the interfacial structure (thickness and nanomechanical properties) of silica (SiO2)/solution polymerized butadiene styrene rubber (SSBR) composites were quantified by using quantitative nanomechanical mapping technique of atomic force microscopy. The quantitative relationship between the degree of graft of coupling agent (CA) on SiO2 and interfacial structure was built up. The formation mechanism of interfacial structure in SiO2/SSBR composites with different degree of graft on SiO2 was revealed. A new insight on the effect of interfacial interaction of polymer nanocomposites on their chain segment dynamics and Tg was proposed. With the increase in degree of graft, the interfacial thinkness largely increases, the dispersion of SiO2 is more homogeneous, and the total area of interfacial SSBR layer largely increases, resulting in the significant decrease in chain density of SSBR matrix, and thus a significant decrease in Tg. This study provides guidance for the interfacial design of high performance polymer nanocomposites for their wider application in industry.

High‐Entropy‐Nanofibers Enhanced Polymer Nanocomposites for High‐Performance Energy Storage

AbstractPolymer composite dielectrics capable of high energy density, high efficiency, and high‐temperature stability are in high demand for application in various electronic vehicles and power systems. A major challenge, however, is the reasonable design of high‐performance nanofillers that are beneficial to the polarization and breakdown strength simultaneously. Here, high‐entropy‐induced ceramic nanofibers with a stable Bi2Ti2O7‐type pyrochlore phase are developed as effective nanofillers to enhance the energy storage performance of polyetherimide (PEI) composites. Benefiting from the linear pyrochlore phase, refined grain size, and increased amorphous fraction of the high‐entropy nanofillers, the resultant PEI composites exhibit significantly improved energy storage performance over a wide temperature range of 25–150 °C. Notably, a high energy density of 6.46 J cm−3 under an electric field of 590 MV m−1 is achieved at 150 °C, which outperforms most of the reported PEI composites. This study provides a guideline for the development of dielectric fillers with tunable dielectric properties and microstructures, thus promoting the development of high‐performance polymer composites.

Synergic effect of defects on carbon nanoparticles under interaction with calcium silicate hydrate composites

One- and two- dimensional carbon nanoparticles, i.e. graphene and CNT, are amongst the most potent additives in cementitious matrices. Their potential lies within the higher hydration degree, nano-filler effect and cracking-bridging effect that are only realized with a strong connection between the cementitious matrix and graphene. Here, Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) used to determine the nature of the interactions between the Tubermorite 14 Å and graphene. We observed that the carbon atoms on the periphery of various types of defects on the surface of a graphene nanosheet and carbon nanotube can form electrophile regions that adsorb silicate chains within the cementitious matrix, forming SiOC covalent bonds between the two species. Single vacancies are highly likely to bond with the silicate chains, with a bond energy of −90 kcal/mol at 1.5 Å length, which is also the case for the silicate – carbon nanotube (CNT) interactions. This is accompanied by the adsorption of Ca ions in Calcium Silicate Hydrates (CSH) on O atoms of functional groups in graphene interactions at the intralayer space, increasing the bond energy between the two nanostructures to 120 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirm the consolidation of the CSH – graphene around the two interactions, which causes a significant reduction in the mobility of the nanoparticle within the cementitious matrix. These findings provide essential information from the interactions within the interlayer and intralayer regions of CSH with carbon nanoparticles at the molecular level.

Fabrication of hydrophobic and enhanced anticorrosion performance of epoxy coating through the synergy of functionalized graphene oxide and nano-silica binary fillers

Two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have emerged as ideal nano-fillers in anticorrosive epoxy coatings, but their poor dispersion because of π-π interaction, high hydrophilicity, and low compatibility with epoxy resin limit their application. In this work, to conquer these obstacles, the hydrophobic and anticorrosive GO based epoxy composite coating was developed via the synergistic enhancement effect of binary nano-fillers. To achieve this goal, the graphene oxide and nano-silica (SiO2) were hydrophobically functionalized by the 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-decyl triethioxy silane (PFDS) via a simple grafting method (SiO2-P: mSiO2:mPFDS=1:1), GO-P3: mGO:mPFDS=1:3), which were applied as binary fillers to reinforce the epoxy coating with enhanced dispersion and compatibility with matrix. Benefiting from the hierarchical micro-/nano- structure, regulated surface energy, good dispersion, and synergy of SiO2-P and GO-P3 binary fillers, the epoxy composite coating showed greatly enhanced hydrophobicity (The water contact angle increased from 70.45° to 126.84°) and anti-corrosion performance. With the synergetic enforcement of 1.5 wt % SiO2-P and 0.5 wt % GO-P3, the prepared epoxy composite coating exhibited the best anticorrosive performance with impedance of 2.74 × 109 Ω·cm2 (0.01 Hz) after immersion in 3.5 % NaCl medium for 30 days, which was confirmed by the salt spray test results. Meanwhile, the anti-corrosion mechanism including hydrophobicity and prolonged diffusion path of water-soluble corrosive medium was tentatively discussed.

Tuning Nanofillers in Sprayed Coating Toward High Flashover Strength

Various surface modification methods have been developed to improve flashover strength in gas–solid composite insulation, among which composite coating is recognized as a flexible and promising approach. However, there is still limited knowledge about the effect of different nanofillers on the surface insulation properties of nanocoating. To this end, spraying coating of high concentration of nanofillers is developed as a universal strategy to improve surface flashover strength and hydrophobicity, in which the nanofillers are tuned to achieve high flashover strength. Five kinds of nanofillers including Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, SiC, and ZnO are introduced to fabricate the coatings. The effect of nanofillers physical properties on surface trap characteristics and micro-topography is explored to guide the development of coatings and understand the underlying mechanism. Micro-nanoscale hierarchical morphology or porous structure are created in the spraying process, which hinders the development of collision ionization and enhances the flashover voltage of all kinds of coatings. Shallow traps are introduced in the coatings with semi-conductive fillers such as ZnO, SiC, and TiO2, which is beneficial to charge dissipation. Owing to the combined effect of accelerated charge dissipation and hindrance of collision ionization by nanosized pore structures, the SiC coating presents largest enhancement of flashover strength among all coatings, with an increment of 50.3%. The spraying coating of high centration of nanofillers provides a universal strategy for simultaneously improving the flashover strength and hydrophobicity.

A study on the effect of multifunctional tantalum carbide nanofillers incorporated graphene oxide structure in the epoxy resin for the applications in the shipbuilding industry

The inorganic nanofiller tantalum carbide (TaC) was modified with 4-amino-N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]benzene-1-sulfonamide (AEABS) and the resultant AEABS/TaC was encapsulated with graphene oxide (GO) in the epoxy resin (EP). The protection behaviour of the epoxy coated mild steel in the presence of various amount of GO enveloped with functionalized tantalum carbide was analyzed by EIS and SECM in seawater. The EIS measurements proved that the EP-GO/AEABS-TaC had an increased coating resistance of 10812.45 kΩ.cm2, even after 960 h submerged in seawater. The surface resistance of the EP-GO/AEABS-TaC was also found to be more than 75.3 % times higher than the pure EP after exposed to seawater for 1 h. SECM investigations showed that the lowest ferrous ion dissipation occurred at the EP-GO/AEABS-TaC nanocomposite coated steel (1.1 I/nA). FE-SEM/EDX investigated that modified tantalum carbide was enhanced in the corrosion products that produced a strong passive coating layer. The new EP-GO/AEABS-TaC coating had superior hydrophobic properties (WCA: 168°). The inclusion of AEABS/TaC wrapped in graphene oxide in the epoxy bed showed excellent mechanical properties. For mild steel coated with EP-GO/AEABS-TaC, an enhanced adhesive strength was obtained prior to seawater immersion (15.8 MPa). The structure of GO/AEABS-TaC develops a strong crystalline passive coating, which blocks the penetration of ions reaching the specimen. This causes the improved adhesion strength and the coating becomes intact even prolonged contact with the electrolytes. This newly created EP-GO/AEABS-TaC coating has potential as a coating material for components utilized in the shipbuilding industry.

Recent advances in tribological properties of silicon based nanofillers incorporated polymer nanocomposites

Over the last few decades, the demand for the development of polymer nanocomposites is increasing due to their excellent properties of mechanical, thermal, electrical, tribological properties and so on. The diversity of polymer nanocomposites with enhanced performances makes them suitable for a wide variety of applications such as automobile, aerospace, electrical, electronics, construction etc. The effect of various types of nanofillers such as metal-based nanofiller, carbon-based nanofiller, and silicon-based nanofiller incorporated into polymers are widely investigated by various researchers. Silicon-based nanofiller-reinforced polymer nanocomposites are prospective in recent years on tribological applications such as plastic gears, bushes, bearings, etc. A large number of different studies have demonstrated the various excellent properties of silicon-based nanofillers and hybrid nanofillers into polymer nanocomposites, however, limited reviews are being published on the effect of silicon-based nanofillers and hybrid nanofillers reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Therefore, this manuscript aims to review the recent advances on the effect of silicon-based nanofillers and hybrid nanofillers incorporated polymer nanocomposites emphasizing mainly the tribological properties. This work presents the outline of the main outcome from various studies focusing mainly on the effect of silicon-based nanofiller on friction, wear resistance and wear mechanism-related tribological properties. This work also intended to review the effect of silicon-based hybrid nanofillers into polymer nanocomposites on tribological properties. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of silicon-based nanofillers reinforced polymer nanocomposites on the tribological properties are also discussed.

Advanced progress on the significant influences of multi-dimensional nanofillers on the tribological performance of coatings.

Over the past two decades, nanofillers have attracted significant interest due to their proven chemical, mechanical, and tribological performances. However, despite the significant progress realized in the application of nanofiller-reinforced coatings in various prominent fields, such as aerospace, automobiles and biomedicine, the fundamental effects of nanofillers on the tribological properties of coatings and their underlying mechanisms have rarely been explored by subdividing them into different sizes ranging from zero-dimensional (0D) to three-dimensional (3D) architectures. Herein, we present a systematic review of the latest advances on multi-dimensional nanofillers for enhancing the friction reduction and wear resistance of metal/ceramic/polymer matrix composite coatings. Finally, we conclude with an outlook for future investigations on multi-dimensional nanofillers in tribology, providing possible solutions for the key challenges in their commercial applications.