Effects Of Music Therapy Research Articles

Acoustic music therapy on improving cognitive function and sleep quality in elderly dementia patients

Background: Acoustic music therapy has been shown to have an impact on reducing anxiety and stress, but not specifically on various stages of dementia and sleep quality in the elderly. This research could explore how acoustic music therapy can provide similar benefits in elderly patients with dementia, where sleep and quality of life problems are often primary concerns.Objective: To determine the effect of acoustic music therapy on improving cognitive function and sleep quality in elderly dementia patients.Method: A pre-experimental design employing a one-group pretest-posttest without a control group was utilized. The sampling method employed was purposive sampling, involving 30 selected respondents. The paired sample t-test was then applied for the statistical analysis.Results: The average dementia score among the elderly increased by 4.36 points (16.17 ± 5.53 to 20.53 ± 4.14) after the intervention. Similarly, the average score for sleep disorders decreased by -0.4 points (7.07 ± 3.11 to 6.67 ± 1.92). The statistical analysis indicated a significant influence of acoustic music on dementia disorders in elderly individuals with sleep disorders (p<0.0001). However, acoustic music did not affect sleep disorders in the elderly (p>0.05).Conclusion: Acoustic music therapy benefits the elderly, particularly in managing dementia and sleep disorders. These findings emphasize the potential of music therapy as a valuable non-pharmacological alternative in the overall care of the elderly.

Effects of music therapy on degree of cooperation with anesthesia induction and preoperative anxiety in children with simple congenital heart disease: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anxiety is a common preoperative symptom in children with simple congenital heart disease (SCHD). Music therapy shows potential as a non-drug intervention. However, it is unclear how it impacts the level of cooperation during the induction of anesthesia and preoperative anxiety, as well as the factors that influence its effectiveness. Therefore, we will conduct a comprehensive review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of music therapy on the level of cooperation during anesthesia induction and preoperative anxiety in children with SCHD. Electronic searches will be conducted through various databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, and CNKI to gather randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the impact of music therapy on the level of cooperation during anesthesia induction and preoperative anxiety among children with SCHD. Two evaluators will independently review the literature, extract information, and assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Afterwards, data analysis will be conducted using Stata 14.0 software and Revman 5.4 software. The results will be based on random-effects models. The reliability and quality of evidence will be evaluated by using the Grading of Recommendations, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Heterogeneity will be examined by subgroup analysis stratified by age, gender ratio, type of surgery, drop-out rate, measurement tools, and country of origin. We will assess potential publication bias using funnel plot symmetrical and Begg's ang Egger's regression tests. Given the multiple advantages that may be associated with music therapy, this therapy may be a desirable alternative to existing therapies for preoperative cooperation and anxiety issues in children with SCHD. We hope that this systematic review will guide clinical decision-making for future efforts related to coping with preoperative fit and anxiety in children with SCHD. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023445313. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023445313.

Analysis of the effect of music therapy on psychological anxiety relief based on artificial intelligence recognition

Abstract In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of EEG emotion recognition and avoid the problems of poor decomposition effect and long time consumption caused by manual parameter selection, this paper constructs an EEG emotion recognition model based on optimized variational modal decomposition. Aiming at the modal aliasing problem existing in traditional decomposition methods, the KH algorithm is used to search for the optimal penalty factor and the number of decomposition layers of the VMD, and KH-VMD decomposition is performed on the EEG signals in the DEAP dataset. The time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear features of IMFs under different time windows are extracted, respectively, and the Catboost classifier completes the construction of the EEG emotion recognition model and emotion classification. Considering the two conditions of the complexity of the network structure of the KH-VMD model and the average classification accuracy of different brain regions in different music environments, the WEE features of the target EEG can constitute the optimal classification network by taking the WEE features of the target EEG as the input of the KH-VMD classification model. At this time, the average classification accuracy that can be obtained with differentiated brain regions and differentiated music environments is 0.8314 and 0.8204. After 8 weeks of music therapy, the experimental group’s low anxiety scores of pleasure and arousal on the Negative Picture SAM scale were 3.11 and 3.2, which were significantly lower than those of the control group’s low-anxiety subjects. The experimental group with high anxiety had anxiety scores and sleep quality scores that were 5.23 and 3.01 points lower than before the intervention. Therefore, music therapy can effectively alleviate psychological anxiety and enhance sleep quality.

Online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy for asthmatic children during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy (MT) as a complementary option for asthma management in pediatric patients. A total of 86 children diagnosed with mild asthma were enrolled and treated with the same drug therapy. They were assigned into three groups: Music I group (standard medical care plus a single individualized MT session along with singing training and breathing exercise), Music II group (similar as Music I as well as further wind instrument playing), and Control group (standard medical care). Primary endpoints included pulmonary function tests FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MMEF 75/25, and PEF, c-ACT, PAQLQ, and PACQLQ. After 6months of continuous intervention of MT, significant differences in FEV1, FVC, MMEF75/25, PEF, c-ACT score, PAQLQ, PACQLQ (p < 0.001), and FEV1/FVC (p < 0.05) were observed among Music I, Music II, and Control groups. Besides, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MMEF75/25, and PEF showed positive trends in Music I and Music II groups compared to those in Control group (p < 0.05). The c-ACT score of children was significantly increased in Music I (p < 0.001) and II (p < 0.001) groups in contrast with Control group. Children in Music I and II groups had better quality of life than those in Control group (PAQLQ, p < 0.001), and the parents in Music I and II groups also showed better quality of life than those in Control group (PACQLQ, p < 0.001). Conclusion: As a child-friendly, low-risk, and convenient intervention, the OMO-based MT has a positive impact on pediatric asthma management during the COVID-19 pandemic. What is Known: • A few findings proved the positive effect of MT on pediatric asthma. What is New: • Our study further proving the validation and effectiveness of MT with OMO-based model on pediatric asthma, wind instrument playing has a greater impact on pediatric asthma control via small airways and might be recommended to mix to singing and breathing to improve effectiveness of MT for asthmatic children.

The effect of receptive music therapy on older adults with mild cognitive impairment and depression: a randomized controlled trial

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a receptive music therapy intervention on cognitive functions and depressive symptoms in older adults with MCI. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Wuhan, China. Eighty older adults, over 65, who had MCI and depression symptoms were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received usual nursing care plus receptive music therapy intervention four times a week, for eight weeks; the control group received usual nursing care during the same period. The linear regression analysis was used to compare the difference between groups. There was a significant difference in the intervention group for the pre-intervention and post-intervention scores of cognitive function and depression. There was no significant difference in the control group before and after the study period and a significant between-group difference in both cognitive function and depression. In conclusion, receptive music therapy intervention significantly improved cognitive function and reduced depressive symptoms in older adults with MCI. It could be widely used in communities and nursing homes to improve the quality of life of older adults.

Neurological music therapy for poststroke depression, activity of daily living and cognitive function: A pilot randomized controlled study

ABSTRACT Introduction Music therapy (MT) has been adapted to post-stroke rehabilitation for years and there were several theories of treatment methods. Our music therapist utilized neurological MT to design a treatment program for stroke survivors. We aimed to compare the effects of a low-dose neurological MT with no MT on outcomes measuring depression, activity of daily living and cognitive function amongst stroke survivors. Method A single masked, randomized controlled study was designed and patients with subacute stroke were recruited. The patients were assigned to a MT group or a conventional therapy (CT) group. Both groups received CT including physical therapy and occupational therapy. Patients with aphasia also received speech therapy. The MT group underwent an additional hour of neurological MT per week for a total duration of 4 weeks. Our MT method comprised therapeutic singing, therapeutic instrument music playing, melodic intonation therapy, and rhythmic speech cueing. The primary outcome measure was the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Secondary outcomes were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Barthel Index (BI). Result Eighty-two patients were recruited. No significant differences were found at baseline. There was significant post-treatment effect among both groups for the BI (p < 0.001, Mdiff = 13.96, 95%CI = (11.64,16.29)), MMSE (p < 0.001, Mdiff = 1.04, 95%CI = (0.51,1.57)) and MRS (p < 0.001, Mdiff = −0.45, 95%CI = (−0.57,−0.34)). Additionally, a significant difference was observed between the groups for the MRS (p = 0.033, Mdiff = −0.24, 95%CI = (−0.03,0.52)). No significant between-group effect was found regarding the BI and MMSE. Discussion This study highlights the added value of MT in improving MRS, while requiring relatively less therapeutic time.

Music therapy and weight gain in preterm infants: Secondary analysis of the randomized controlled LongSTEP trial.

This study assessed the association between MT and weight gain among preterm infants hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Data collected during the international, randomized, Longitudinal Study of Music Therapy's Effectiveness for Premature Infants and their Caregivers (LongSTEP) study were compared between the MT group and the standard care (SC) group. Weights were recorded at birth, enrollment, and discharge. Weight percentiles, Z-scores, weight gain velocity, and extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) were calculated. Among 201 preterm infants included, no significant differences in weight parameters (weight, weight percentiles, weight Z-scores; all p ≥ 0.23) were found between the MT group (n = 104) and the SC (n = 97) group at birth, enrollment, or discharge. No statistical differences in EUGR represented by change in Z-scores from birth to discharge were recorded between MT and SC (0.8 vs. 0.7). Among perinatal parameters, younger gestational age (p = 0.005) and male sex (p = 0.012) were associated with increased risk of EUGR at discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment, systemic infection, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neurological morbidities, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, parental factors (amount of skin-to-skin care, bonding, anxiety, and depression questionnaire scores), and type of enteral nutritiondid not significantly influence weight gain parameters (all p > 0.05). In the LongSTEP study, MT for preterm infants and families was not associated with better weight parameters compared to the SC group. The degree of prematurity remains the main risk factor for unfavorable weight parameters.

P196: The effects of individual music therapy on well-being of nursing home residents with dementia: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

Background:Dementia is often associated with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (NPS) such as agitation, hallucinations, anxiety, that can cause distress for the resident with dementia in long-term care settings and can impose emotional burden on the environment. NPS are often treated with psychotropic drugs, which, however, frequently cause side effects. Alternatively, non-pharmacological interventions can improve well-being and maintain an optimal quality of life (QoL) of those living with dementia. Music therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention that can reduce NPS and improve well-being of persons with dementia.Objective:The main aim of this study is to assess the effects of individual music therapy on well-being controlled for providing individual attention in nursing home residents with dementia and NPS.Methods:The research is conducted at eight facilities of one nursing home organization in the Netherlands. The participants in the intervention group receive 30 minutes of individual music therapy (MT) in their own room by a music therapist twice a week for 12 weeks. The participants in the control group receive 30 minutes of individual attention in their own room by a volunteer twice a week for 12 weeks. Assessments will be done at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. An independent observer, blinded for the intervention or control condition, assesses directly observed well-being (primary outcome) and pain before and after the sessions. Nurses assess other secondary outcomes unblinded, i.e., perceived quality of life and NPS assessed with validated scales. The sleepy duration is will be assessed by a wrist device called MotionWatch. Information about psychotropic drug use is derived from electronic medical chart review.Results:We will present baseline data and preliminary results.Discussion:The outcomes refer to both short-term and long-term effects consistent with therapeutic goals of care for a longer term. We hope to overcome limitations of previous study designs such as non- blinded designs and pragmatic designs in which music facilitators that were not only music therapists but occupational therapists and nurses. This study should lead to more focused recommendations for practice and further research into non-pharmacological interventions in dementia.Trial registration:The trial is registered at the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) search portal in the Netherlands Trial Registration number NL7708, registration date 04-05-2019.

Music as a Language

The number of children in western countries diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS), a disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities, is still increasing. The resulting delayed cognitive development also leads to deficits in social functioning in children under 12. Active music therapy (MT), as a natural intervention to achieve therapeutic functions through improvisation, performance, and singing, has been proven to promote the socialization development of children with DS. To get a better idea of the extent of the promotion and exactly what aspects it has improved, I conducted literature reviews and interviews with a music therapist. The results suggest that active MT can stimulate the socialization development of children under 12 with DS in three aspects: language skills, social-emotional development, and prosocial behavior. Although the improvement effect of active MT is better than that of passive MT, it requires the client to have a basis of music theory, that is, it requires higher requirements on the client, so the treatment method should be selected according to the severity of the client's DS or a combination of the two. Hence, future research could be aimed at finding the simplest interventions with sufficient client engagement and verifying the continuation of the effect of active MT.

Retracted: Effect of Music Therapy Combined with Free Position Delivery on Labor Pain and Birth Outcomes

Retracted: Effect of Music Therapy Combined with Free Position Delivery on Labor Pain and Birth Outcomes

PENGARUH TERAPI MUSIK TERHADAP KECEMASAN PRA ANESTESI DI RUANG OPERASI

Spinal anesthesia is an action taken before surgery so that patients feel safe and comfortable during surgery and avoid postoperative pain. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of music therapy on pre-anesthesia anxiety in the operating room. The research design is a quasi-experiment with a pre and post approach. The population was all patients who underwent surgery with spinal anesthesia. Samples taken in this study patients who underwent surgery with spinal anesthesia amounted to 30 samples. The independent variable is music therapy. The dependent variable is anxiety. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of statistical test analysis using paired t test after given music therapy showed that p&lt;0.001 (p&lt;0.05), so it can be concluded that there is a difference in the effect of health education before and after music therapy on anxiety in pre-anesthesia. Music therapy can have a calming effect on respondents, can reduce anxiety, make feelings relaxed, relaxed, and can stabilize emotionally.

The effects of music therapy on enhancing the overall health of elderly patients receiving home health care: A controlled study

Music therapy can be defined as the application of sound and music to integrate cognitive, affective, and motor aspects, fostering awareness and enhancing creative processes. Scientific literature lacks studies that standardize music therapy procedures and assessments for elderly patients receiving home health care. This study aimed to systematically analyze the effects of music therapy on the overall health of elderly patients receiving home health care. Twenty elderly individuals were divided into control and intervention groups, and two blinded examiners used the Individualized Music Therapy Assessment Profile (IMTAP) and system of music therapy evaluation for people with Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s and other dementias scales to evaluate them before and after 12 weeks of treatment. Only members of the intervention group received weekly individual music therapy sessions. Statistical analysis included inter-rater correlation, comparison between independent samples (group pairings), and comparison between related samples (differences between initial and final evaluations within groups) with a significance threshold of P &amp;le; 0.05. In the initial condition, the two groups exhibited dissimilarity only in the IMTAP scale&amp;rsquo;s Musicality and Fine Motricity domains domain among the 15 evaluated domains. Comparing the initial and final conditions within each group, the intervention group demonstrated significance in 11 subscales, whereas the control group showed significance in only two subscales. These results highlight more significant improvements in the intervention group, extending across all dimensions of life. The findings from this study suggest that music therapy may offer benefits to elderly patients receiving home health care, contributing to their overall health.

Music and young people with intellectual disability: A scoping review

Despite recent reviews of the effects of arts therapies and music therapy on people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), significant knowledge gaps remain in this field, notably concerning informal music activities and the role that young participants play in music interventions. A scoping review was conducted in January 2021 to explore music interventions implemented in youth with ID and their effects. In total, 74 studies were retained, including 12 reviews and 62 empirical studies. We apply a bibliometric analysis to identify the evolution of publications and research trends in the field. We then attempt to answer the question: “What is the state of knowledge on music education for youth with ID?”. To do so, we describe the music interventions examined in the research to date and the main measured effects. Overall, the findings show that music interventions in youth with ID facilitate overall development in terms of a range of functional skills, that technology-assisted music training has excellent educational promise, and that learner voice merits greater attention in the music research. Nevertheless, studies have largely neglected to consider self-determination and creativity, qualities that are likely to foster youth engagement, and in the longer term, promote social participation.

Music Therapy Enhances Episodic Memory in Alzheimer's and Mixed Dementia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether a music therapy (MT) intervention could improve memory decline in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. A dual-retrieval model of episodic memory was employed to estimate memory processes. Methods: Forty-three older adults with a mean age of 76.49 years (n = 25 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mixed dementia, and n = 18 healthy older adults) were randomly selected for the experimental and control groups. The study design was a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial and a certified music therapist delivered the MT. The primary outcomes were measures of working memory, episodic memory, and autobiographical memory. Results: In the primary outcome measures, MT effects were restricted to episodic memory measures like the Figure Memory Test of the BCSB and the Speech and Sing Memory Test. In both tests, the experimental group improved from pre-test to post-test in delayed recall, but in the Speech and Sing Memory Test, the improvement was restricted to the AD and mixed dementia group. MT had no effects on the secondary outcome measures. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a structured MT intervention can be promising for rehabilitating episodic memory in older adults with dementia.

Effectiveness of Classical Music Therapy on Decreasing the Level of Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia Patients: A Literature Review

Introduction: Hallucinations are one of the symptoms most often experienced by schizophrenia patients. Auditory hallucinations affect about 70% of schizophrenia patients who experience hallucinations. Classical music therapy is one of the non-pharmacological interventions that can be done. Music can be used as a non-pharmacological therapy option because it can improve, restore and maintain physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual health. Objective: This study aims to further discuss the effectiveness of classical music therapy in reducing the level of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia patients. Methods: This study uses the literature review method by searching research data on Google Scholar database. Result: Based on the result of the data search, 8 journals were studied in this study. Discussion: The result found in 8 journals stated that classical music therapy as a non-pharmacological therapy can reduce the intensity of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia patients. Classical music can evoke changes at the level of important neuromodulators such as dopamine, endorphins, endogenous cannabinoids and nitric oxide. So that the administration of classical music theraoy can eliminate the neurotransmitters of depression, stress, anxiety, and can suppress the symptoms of hallucinations including auditory hallucinations. Conclusion: This study concluded that classical music therapy is effective in reducing the level of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia patients.&#x0D; Keyword: Classical music therapy, Hallucinations, Schizophrenia

Virtual Music Therapy for Substance Use Disorders in a Federally Qualified Health Center.

Music therapy (MT) is an effective adjunctive treatment for substance use disorders (SUD), which is primarily available in inpatient treatment centers and rarely provided in outpatient primary care. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual group MT program for SUD in a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), and secondarily assessed patient perceptions of its effect. Feasibility was measured by implementation-related process measures, attendance and use of technology. Qualitative interviews eliciting participant perceptions were conducted to evaluate acceptability and effect. Mood scores, substance use and craving were measured before and after the intervention. Onboarding of the music therapist took 3.5 months. All MT sessions were attended by 1 to 5 individuals out of 6. Participants reported that group MT was "soothing" and "calming," gave them tools to treat cravings and stress, and created a sense of community. They reported that during sessions their cravings decreased. Anxiety and depression scores trended down, as did the number of days of substance use. They all stated they would seek out MT again. Our results suggest that remote group MT is feasible and acceptable to our FQHC patients with SUD. Patients reported an improvement in mood and their ability to manage stress, and a decrease in substance use. We wish to build on the results of this study to enhance our understanding of the effects of MT in the outpatient setting, and broaden our patients' access to MT in primary care.

Musicothérapie réceptive et anorexie mentale. Évaluation du dispositif DéPi-AM de détente psychomusicale dans l’accompagnement d’adolescentes hospitalisées : étude pilote auprès de 8 patientes

ObjectivesThis pilot study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of music therapy in decreasing anxiety and dysmorphophobia experienced in a care unit during the institutional and distressful moment of weighing. Patients and methodWe adapted a technique of receptive music therapy, the so-called DéPi-AM for psychomusical relaxation, with eight adolescent girls (14;8±2 years;4) hospitalized for four months on average for restrictive anorexia nervosa. The participants received eight music therapy sessions followed by eight control evaluation sessions without music therapy. Quantitative data were collected in three evaluation conditions (pre-session, post-session, and no music therapy). ResultsResults suggest that music therapy significantly reduces perceived anxiety (as measured by the STAI-Y A; P=0.01, and the “EVN”; P=0687). Moreover, compared to the control condition, music therapy significantly contributed to a reduction in the systolic blood pressure (P=0.03) and heart frequency (P=02). Results additionally showed that this weighing time significantly increases all physiological constants (systolic blood pressure; P=0.01, diastolic blood pressure; P=0.05, and heart frequency; P=0.04) in contrast to another trivial, emotionally “neutral” day. DiscussionThis first quantitative study on the effectiveness of music therapy in adolescents suffering from anorexia nervosa shows encouraging results. The proved anxiety-provoking effect of this strategic institutional time in the care of these adolescents legitimizes the use and benefits of this type of therapeutic group. Undoubtedly, methodological limitations constrain the generalization of findings. Future studies should adopt a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) and transversal methodology. They would surely contribute to refine the profile of those patients, for whom this therapy appears to represent a promising care approach. ConclusionsOverall findings suggest a positive impact of receptive music therapy in decreasing experienced and perceived anxiety. Integrating programs such as the “DéPi-AM” into the therapeutic intervention offered by the care unit could therefore represent a key element when accompanying hospitalized patients during a key and anxious period.

The Effect of Classic Music Therapy and Lavender Aromatherapy Candles on Anxiety Levels of Trimester III Pregnant Women

High levels of anxiety or depression during pregnancy can pose risks such as stunted fetal growth and premature birth. Music is believed to be used for relaxation, stress relief and anxiety reduction because music is an organized auditory stimulus consisting of melody, rhythm, harmony, shape and style. Aromatherapy is also a non-pharmacological treatment that uses essential oils and stimulates the olfactory system to reduce stress and create a sense of calm. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of classical music therapy and aromatherapy candles on the anxiety level of third trimester pregnant women. This research method is a pre-experimental quantitative type. The design used in this study was one group pretest posttest, the population in this study were third trimester pregnant women in the Karangan Health Center area. The sampling technique was simple random sampling of 44 third trimester pregnant women. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the level of anxiety before the intervention experienced by most of the respondents was moderate anxiety in the number of 21 respondents (47.7%) and the level of anxiety after the intervention was mostly with mild anxiety in the number of 20 respondents (45.5%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was an effect of classical music therapy and lavender aromatherapy candles on reducing the anxiety level of third-trimester pregnant women with a result (p=0.000) smaller than (&lt;0.05). The anxiety level score in the pre-test measurement is higher than the post-test measurement, indicated by the mean value in the pretest (23.57) higher than the posttest (19.16) which means there is a decrease in the anxiety level score in the respondents before and after intervention.

Literature Review: Pengaruh Terapi Musik Terhadap Lama Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif

Psychological factors can influence the progress of the labor process. Music therapy is preferred as a non-pharmacological intervention because it has no side effects and benefits as self-hypnosis. This study aims to decide the effect of music therapy on the duration of labor during the active phase. Through the research design using literature research (literature review). Sources of data obtained through analysis of 11 journals through national and international database searches, in the last 10 years (2010-2020), using quality assessment methods and PICOT. The results obtained showed that music had an influence on the duration of labor during the active phase. This is possible due to adequate contractions caused by the workings of music which affect the hypothalamic system in the mother's brain, as a form of acceptance of the intervention given. It was concluded that music therapy has a significant effect on the duration of labor during the first active phase.

Music therapy for children and adolescents – A brief overview

Working with children and adolescents plays an important part in music therapy as a profession – not least because music is of great developmental psychological significance in childhood and adolescence. This article provides an introductury overview of music therapy practice and research in childhood and adolescence.&#x0D; Music therapy is a safe and and generally well-accepted intervention. Research findings show that the highest quality of evidence for positive effects of music therapy has been found in autism spectrum and neonatal care. Music therapy with children and adolescents can act as an effective non-pharmacological alternative and complement to other disease-specific therapies.