Effects Of Mindfulness-based Interventions Research Articles

Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on cognition in people with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Cognitive impairment affects up to 65% of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), undermining functional independence and quality of life. The objective of this study is to synthesize existing randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence on the effects of Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on cognitive function in PwMS. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify RCTs assessing MBIs effects on cognitive functioning in PwMS. Using pre-defined criteria, two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and extracted data from included studies. Meta-analysis was performed, where possible, using a random effects model. Narrative synthesis was undertaken. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidance was followed. PROSPERO_ID:(CRD42021286429). Twelve eligible RCTs were identified, n=700 PwMS. MBIs included both standardized and tailored interventions, in-person and virtually. A variety of measures of cognitive functioning were reported. Five studies (n=254 PwMS) were included in meta-analysis; pooled results suggested MBIs effectively improved scores on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)-2 (SMD=0.38; 95% CI 0.06-0.71; I2 63%; p=0.02), whereas improvements were of borderline significance on the PASAT-3 (SMD=0.32; 95% CI -0.01-0.64; I2 65%; p=0.06), and, although trending to positive, were statistically insignificant on the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (SMD=0.34; 95 CI -0.05-0.74; I2 0%; p=0.09) and Symbol Digits Modality Test (SMD=0.25; 95% CI -0.15-0.66; I2 0%; p=0.21). Preliminary findings in meta-analysis are inconsistent but suggest potential benefits from MBI training on cognitive functioning in PwMS. High quality RCTs are necessary to test more definitively the impact of MBIs on cognitive functioning in PwMS. PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021286429.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating mental health condition characterized by persistent intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). While cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) involving exposure and response prevention (ERP) and pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are first-line treatments, many individuals continue to experience persistent symptoms or achieve only partial remission. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), which aim to cultivate present-moment awareness and acceptance of internal experiences, have emerged as a promising adjunctive or alternative treatment approach for OCD. This review synthesizes the existing literature on the use of MBIs, such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), for OCD. Potential mechanisms by which MBIs may benefit individuals with OCD include improved attentional regulation, enhanced emotion regulation skills, reduced cognitive inflexibility through promoting cognitive defusion, and decreased experiential avoidance of intrusive thoughts and urges. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of MBIs in reducing OCD symptom severity, and providing insights into how MBIs can increase acceptance, improve emotion regulation, and foster a greater sense of control over symptoms.

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in treating mental health and addiction: a cross-sectional study

Objective: This study aimed to provide a snapshot of the current landscape, drawing upon existing research to evaluate the extent to which online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been integrated into mainstream treatment paradigms and their observed outcomes. Methods: The initial month of the full mindfulness virtual community (F-MVC) intervention included 12 video modules focusing on students' known stressors and mindfulness exercises; private online forums for peer discussions; and 20-minute live video conferences led by professionals in anonymous groups. During the next four weeks of F-MVC, participants were limited to watching modules in video format. The online surveys were conducted at T1, T2, and T3 - 4 weeks and 8 weeks, respectively. Results: Out of the 113 students who gave T1 data, there were 28 male and 85 female students, with an average age of 24.8 years. At the T3 follow-up, after making adjustments for comparison purposes, there were notable decreases in depression scores for F-MVC (change in score of -4.03; P

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Symptoms of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Symptoms of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

Pain, mindfulness, and placebo: a systematic review.

Pain is a complex phenomenon influenced by psychosocial variables, including the placebo effect. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for pain has been demonstrated in experimental studies and systematic reviews, but the mechanisms of action are only starting to be established. Whether the expectations of individuals experiencing pain can be manipulated during MBIs remains to be systematically evaluated, and what role placebo effects might play remains to be explored. To evaluate the literature analyzing placebo effects in MBIs for pain, we performed a systematic review based on searches conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. Our search revealed a total of 272 studies, of which only 19 studies were included (10 acute pain and nine chronic pain), considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria related to expectations and placebo effects. From the 19 included studies, six measured placebo effects only in relation to the pharmacological intervention used in the study and not to an MBI. The results of the few studies that focused on the placebo effects of the MBIs indicate that placebo and expectations play a role in the MBIs' effects on pain. Although expectations and placebo effects are frequently discussed in the context of mindfulness and pain research, these results show that these factors are still not routinely considered in experimental designs. However, the results of the few studies included in this systematic review highlight a clear role for placebo and expectancy effects in the overall effects of MBIs for both acute and chronic pain, suggesting that routine measurement and further consideration in future studies are warranted. Additional research in this fascinating and challenging field is necessary to fully understand the connection between MBIs, placebo/expectations, and their effects on pain relief.

Comparing the Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention and Progressive Muscle Relaxation in a Military Context

ObjectivesWhile stressors of military deployment are known to have profound effects on health, less is known about effective methods for promoting health. A few studies have examined the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in this context; however, fewer have used an active control group and objective health indicators. Therefore, this study examined the effects of an MBI in comparison to a similarly structured traditional stress management intervention (progressive muscle relaxation, PMR) on health indicators among military personnel.MethodUsing a 2 (pre vs. post) × 3 (group: MBI, PMR vs. inactive control group, ICG) experimental mixed design, participants (MBI, n = 118; PMR, n = 55; ICG, n = 156) answered baseline and post-intervention self-reported measures. Physiological parameters were assessed before and after each session.ResultsResults showed that MBI is superior to PMR and ICG, leading to higher increases in mindfulness, positive affect, and self-care, and greater decreases in physical complaints. This is also confirmed by objective data. Participants in the MBI demonstrated improved heart rate variability and reduced heart rate, while no change was evident for PMR and ICG. However, both MBI and PMR were equally effective in reducing strain.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence for the effectiveness of MBIs in this specific professional group based on rigorous methodology (comparing to a competing intervention, self-reported and objective measures). MBI is even more effective than PMR as a traditional health intervention in terms of promoting mindfulness, positive affect, and health behavior, as well as reducing complaints.PreregistrationThis study is not preregistered.

The effectiveness of taught, self-help mindfulness-based interventions on Chinese adolescents' well-being, mental health, prosocial and difficult behavior, and coping strategy.

Despite China's enduring historical connection with mindfulness and the growing recognition of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in Western education, mindfulness remains relatively underexplored in the Chinese education system. This study addresses the scarcity of resources and certified instructors in China by assessing the effectiveness of MBIs in both taught and self-help forms in improving well-being and prosocial behavior and regulating negative emotions and behaviors among Chinese adolescents. The analysis included 362 Chinese students (mean age = 13.03, SD = 0.50, 47.5% girls) from 12 classes, assigned to the taught MBI group (N = 129, post), self-help MBI group (N = 116, post), or control group (N = 117, post). Paired-sample t-tests and multi-level modeling were used, accounting for data nesting and incorporating gender, whether students live in school, and age as covariates. Results revealed a significantly greater improvement in well-being in the taught group compared with the control, with both MBI groups demonstrating increased prosocial behavior. While the taught group showed a significant decrease in loneliness, it was accompanied by an increase in internalizing problems. Coping strategies varied across the groups, with no significant changes in depression, anxiety, and stress levels. These findings imply the potential value of integrating MBIs into the Chinese educational system, especially given the self-help approach's favorable outcomes.

Mindfulness-based interventions for body image dissatisfaction among clinical population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are well-validated interventions to enhance the favourable body image of individuals. Despite their wide application, the efficacy of MBIs in reducing body image dissatisfaction (BID) among various clinical populations remains unclear. This study aims to expand the literature on MBIs for BID and identify effective types of MBIs for reducing BID in diverse clinical populations for future research and practice. A systematic search for studies published in English on the effectiveness of MBIs for BID among the clinical population was done on APA PsycNet, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases in August 2023. Of the 1962 articles initially identified, 17 were found eligible and evaluated based on the JBI checklist. Random effects meta-analyses on six MBIs revealed their effectiveness in reducing BID among the clinical population (SMD = -.59 and 95% CI = -1.03 to -.15, p = .009), with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (SMD = -1.29, 95% CI = -2.06 to -.52, p = .001) and My Changed Body (MyCB) (SMD = -.24, 95% CI = -.46 to -.01, p = .04) reporting significant effect sizes. Among the patients with breast cancer, MyCB (SMD = -.24, 95% CI = -.46 to -.01, p = .04) showed a significant effect size. MBIs appear to be promising interventions in reducing BID among the clinical population. However, findings should be considered cautiously due to the possible publication bias, high heterogeneity and fewer available studies.

The Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Mental Health Outcomes in Pregnant Woman: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pregnancy stress, anxiety, and depression increase the risk of short-term and long-term health problems for the mother and fetus. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) is one of the most popular, nonpharmacological interventions used to treat mental health problems. The results of prior research indicate MBI has a less consistent effect on mental health problems in pregnant women. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify and determine the effect of MBI on mental health outcomes in pregnant women. Six databases, including Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect, were searched from their dates of inception to November 2021. Google Scholar was also used for the literature inquiry. The inclusion criteria followed the PICO (Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) model in terms of only including studies that used mindfulness therapy, reported mental health outcomes, and applied randomized controlled trial and quasi-experimental approaches. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was applied to evaluate the quality of the studies. Review Manager 5 software with random effect with a standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to analyze level of effect. Thirteen studies (10 randomized controlled trials and three quasi-experimental studies) were included. MBI was found to have a small effect on mental health outcomes in pregnant women (p < .0001, SMDs = -0.48, 95% CI [-0.74, -0.22], I2 = 87%). Specifically, MBI had moderate effects on stress and anxiety (SMDs = -0.59, 95% CI [-1.09, -0.09], and SMDs = -0.55, 95% CI [-1.00, -0.10], respectively) and no significant effect on depression (SMDs = -0.33, 95% CI [-0.74, 0.08]). MBIs have a small but notable effect on mental health in pregnant women. The high heterogeneity found in this review may reflect the different types and durations of interventions used. Notably, none of the studies in the review examined intervention effects by trimester. Future research should use larger sample sizes and assess the effects of therapy for each trimester of pregnancy.

Major Depressive Disorder: Etiology, Impact Factors and the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Intervention

This comprehensive review discusses the implications of mindfulness-based interventions in treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in children, an increasingly recognized global mental health issue. MDD cast significant challenges to a child's social interaction, academic performance, and overall personal development, necessitating effective interventions. While traditional therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy, have proven their effectiveness, this paper explores the emerging field of mindfulness-based interventions. These interventions, encompassing training in mindfulness meditation, focus on enhancing present-moment awareness, emotional regulation, and a non-judgmental acceptance of one's feelings and thoughts. Several studies have reported a reduction in MDD symptoms and improvements in emotional regulation in children due to mindfulness-based interventions. The study acknowledges some potential limitations and challenges with this approach but advocates for its promise in treating childhood MDD. The paper strongly urges for further research in this area to fully exploit this innovative therapeutic approach's potential, fine-tune its application, and investigate its efficacy across different clinical contexts.

Mindfulness-based interventions for preadolescent children: A comprehensive meta-analysis

Among the many social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions available, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have become increasingly popular, particularly for preadolescent children who were once thought to not possess the metacognitive abilities or cognitive resources to benefit from such training. Although previous research syntheses indicate that MBIs show promise in promoting positive outcomes across a range of domains, the effectiveness of MBIs for preadolescent children may be masked by the effects of older children who have comprised the majority of samples in past meta-analyses. Hence, to better understand the impact of mindfulness-based training on preadolescent children (ages 6–12 years), the present study reviewed treatment effect estimates across a range of outcomes, including mindfulness, attention, metacognition and cognitive flexibility, emotional and behavioral regulation, academic achievement and school functioning, positive emotion and self-appraisal, negative emotion and subjective distress, externalizing problems, internalizing problems, social competence and prosocial behavior, and physical health. Thirty-two studies (nparticipants = 3640) were identified and included in a random-effects meta-analyses. The results from multiple meta-analytical analyses conducted in the present study suggest that preadolescents have experienced significant benefits across attention, emotional and behavioral regulation, positive emotion and self-appraisal, and social competence and prosocial behavior (g = 0.19 to 0.39). However, the overall effect was deemed small (g = 0.34). Due to the lack of comparison studies with SEL interventions, it remains unclear whether MBIs are as effective as traditional approaches in promoting healthy development and academic achievement for preadolescent children. Additionally, results from the present meta-analysis suggest various recommendations for future studies to ensure a continued growth in understanding how MBIs can be used with children.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) on Reducing Work Stress

Workplace stress is the result of an individual's interaction with their job tasks, which can create tension and imbalance both physically and psychologically. This impacts emotions, cognitive abilities, and the mental state of an employee. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Intervention in reducing workplace stress through a meta-analysis method by reviewing relevant literature from 10 international research journals related to the study variables. The total number of participants in this study was 1,119 individuals divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=560) and the control group (n=559). Based on statistical calculations using mean (M), standard deviation (SD), and the number of participants (n), the effect size value obtained from a random-effect model was determined. Thus, it was sought to establish whether Mindfulness-Based Intervention is an effective treatment for reducing workplace stress and to what extent this effectiveness is. The research results indicated a random effect model value of -0.536 (95% CI = (-0.8208 to -0.2506). The p-value was found to be &lt;0.001 with an inconsistency value (I^2) of 80.6%. Based on the results of the meta-analysis, it can be concluded that Mindfulness-Based Intervention has a medium effect on workplace stress. This suggests that Mindfulness-Based Intervention is less successful in reducing workplace stress and would be more effective if used in conjunction with other types/methods of intervention.Stres kerja adalah hasil dari interaksi individu dengan tugas pekerjaannya, yang bisa menciptakan ketegangan dan ketidakseimbangan baik secara fisik maupun psikologis. Hal ini berdampak pada emosi, kemampuan berpikir, serta kondisi mental seorang pekerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas Mindfulness Based Intervention untuk menurunkan stres kerja dengan menggunakan metode meta-analisis melalui reviu literatur dari 10 jurnal penelitian international yang relevan dengan variabel penelitian. Jumlah partisipan pada penelitian ini 1.119 orang yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok yakni kelompok eksperimen (n=560 orang) dan kelompok kontrol (n=559 orang). Berdasarkan perhitungan statistik dengan menggunakan data mean (M), standar deviasi (SD), dan jumlah partisipan (n) akan menemukan nilai effect size yang diperoleh dari random effect. Dengan demikian, nantinya akan ditemukan bahwa apakah Mindfulness Based Intervention merupakan treatment yang memiliki efektifitas untuk menurunkan stres kerja dan seberapa besar nilai efektifitas yang diberikan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan nilai random effect model yaitu sebesar -0,536 (95% CI = (-0,8208 sampai -0,2506). Hasil dari nilai p Value = &lt;0.001 dengan nilai inkonsitensi (I^2) = 80,6 %. Berdasarkan hasil uji meta analisis dapat disimpulkan mindfulness-based intervention memiliki efek medium terhadap stres kerja. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, mindfulness-based intervention kurang berhasil dalam menurunkan stres kerja, sehingga akan lebih efektif jika salah satu jenis/ metode intervensi digunakan bersamaan dengan intervensi lain.

Effects of a Mindfulness-based Intervention on Well-being Among Rural Adolescents with Academic Anxiety

Background: Academic anxiety revolves around scholastic work and performance and can be detrimental to students’ health and overall subjective well-being. It has been found to be significantly high in adolescents, leading to consequences that prove to be detrimental to their academic performance, focus, and overall self-esteem. This phenomenon acts as a vicious cycle impacting all aspects of a student’s life. Method: The current study aimed to explore mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) as a possible option to deal with academic anxiety in rural adolescent students and improve their overall subjective well-being. A total of 600 students were screened for academic anxiety and a total of 47 students were subjected to an eight-week MBI. MBI aims to bring more present-moment awareness and cultivate overall well-being and thereby works against anxiety. Mixed repeated measures ANOVA was carried out to compare pre, post, and follow-up scores. Result: The results indicated a significant effect of MBI on adolescents, suggesting a significant decline in academic anxiety from pre-to-post and an increase in mindfulness and subjective well-being from pre-to-post and follow-up assessments. Conclusion: Academic anxiety and subjective well-being improved significantly with the MBI intervention, thereby implication that MBI is a feasible option for rural adolescents with academic anxiety.

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout and self-compassion among critical care nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundWorkloads in intensive care units (ICUs) have increased and extremely challenging ethical dilemmas were generated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. ICU nurses experience high-stress levels and burnout worldwide. Egyptian studies on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) among ICU nurses are limited, although MBI has been shown to reduce stress and burnout.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study included 60 nurses working in three hospitals in El-Beheira, Egypt. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: intervention or control (30 participants per group). The participants in the intervention group (MBI) received 8 MBI sessions, whereas the control group received no intervention. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the Self-Compassion Scale were used to assess the outcomes. Additionally, demographic and workplace data were collected.ResultsThe post-test score of emotional exhaustion after MBI for 8 weeks significantly decreased in the MBI group to 15.47 ± 4.44 compared with the control group with 32.43 ± 8.87 (p < 0.001).The total Self-Compassion Scale significantly increased because of the mindfulness sessions 94.50 ± 3.83 for the MBI group vs. 79.00 ± 4.57 for the control group (p < 0.001). The post-test score of the FFMQ significantly increased to 137.03 ± 5.93, while the control group’s score decreased to 114.40 ± 7.44, following the MBI sessions (p < 0.001). As determined by Cohen’s d test, the effect size of MBI training is quite large, on the three burnout scale dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievement), as well as the total score of the mindfulness and self-compassion scales.ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence that MBI sessions were effective in reducing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and increasing levels of mindfulness and self-compassion among critical care nurses.

The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Distress Tolerance in a Mindfulness-Based Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

"Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the intermediary role of distress tolerance in Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) with respect to self-perceived stress reduction. Method: One hundred and twenty-nine adults with a high level of emotional distress were randomized into MBI groups or a waiting-list group. Levels of mindfulness skills, self-perceived stress, and distress tolerance (tolerance, appraisal, absorption, and regulation) were measured four times: pre-test, week 3, week 6, and post-test. Results: The developmental trajectories modeled by the univariate latent growth curve showed that the factor intervention significantly predicted the slope of observing, non-reactivity, overall mindfulness, and distress appraisal during first six weeks. Bivariate latent growth curve models demonstrated a significant association between increases in the growth rate of distress appraisal and non-reactivity in participants receiving mindfulness training. Such an association was not observed among those who did not receive an MBI. Longitudinal mediation analyses further revealed that the effect of MBI on non-reactivity and self-perceived stress at week 6 was fully mediated by distress appraisal at week 3, respectively."

Mindfulness-Based Interventions During Pregnancy and Long-Term Effects on Postpartum Depression and Maternal Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objectives: Preventing postpartum depression (PPD) is a public health goal. The scientific literature has demonstrated the short-term efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) delivered during pregnancy on PPD. Nevertheless, the long-term outcomes of MBIs are still unclear. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Four databases were searched to identify RCTs focused on describing the efficacy of MBIs on PPD and published in English up to February 2022. Settings/Location: The study was conducted globally. Subjects: Pregnant women who received MBIs. Interventions: MBIs were delivered during pregnancy in the included RCTs. Outcome Measures: Data collection and analysis effect size were combined using a random-effects model. The reporting in this study was consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Six studies were included. The overall effect size significantly reduced PPD symptoms severity in the MBI group versus the control group in the first 3 months after childbirth (standardized mean difference = -0.26; 95% confidence interval = -0.51 to -0.01; I2 = 30.65%). The effects of MBIs were significant in women who started MBIs with a low risk of developing PPD. Conclusions: MBIs delivered during pregnancy have long-term benefits for PPD. Implications for Practice: Further studies focused on testing MBIs starting during pregnancy and lasting over the postpartum and modulating the intensity of delivering MBIs based on the risk for developing PPD are needed to inform the practice with solid evidence.

Mindfulness and Well-Being: Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Promoting Well-Being and its Impact on Cognitive, Emotional, and Physiological Processes

There has been a lot of interest in mindfulness-based treatments (MBIs) in recent years as a potentially effective method for increasing happiness and decreasing anxiety. The purpose of this study is to examine the research done on the positive effects of MBIs and the mechanisms by which they work. Here, we explore the research behind the claims that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are successful in increasing happiness and decreasing stress. Mindfulness has been demonstrated in scientific studies to have a number of positive effects on mental health, including better focus, memory, and decision-making. Mindfulness may also help with emotional management by raising upbeat emotions while decreasing downbeat ones and decreasing stress reaction time. Reductions in stress hormones like cortisol and other physiological indicators like blood pressure and inflammation mirror these mental and emotional shifts. Additionally, randomised controlled studies show that MBIs are beneficial in lowering depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms and raising well-being outcomes including life satisfaction and resiliency. These results hold steady over time and have been seen across a wide range of groups, both clinical and non-clinical. Finally, this report emphasises the need for more study to understand the underlying processes and optimise the administration of MBIs, as well as the value of mindfulness as a viable strategy to increasing well-being and lowering stress. The results of this study have significance for the design of programmes to promote mental health and well-being across demographics.

The effect of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing stress in future health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Students in health professions often face high levels of stress due to demanding academic schedules, heavy workloads, disrupted work-life balance, and sleep deprivation. Addressing stress during their education can prevent negative consequences for their mental health and the well-being of their future patients. Previous reviews on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) focused on working health professionals or included a wide range of intervention types and durations. This study aims to investigate the effect of 6- to 12-week MBIs with 1- to 2-h weekly sessions on stress in future health professionals. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published in English by searching Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO. We used post-intervention stress levels and standard deviations to assess the ability of MBIs to reduce stress, summarized by the standardized mean difference (SMD). This review is reported according to the PRISMA checklist (2020). We identified 2932 studies, of which 11 were included in the systematic review and 10 had sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The overall effect of MBIs on reducing stress was a SMD of 0.60 (95% CI [0.27, 0.94]). Our study provides evidence that MBIs have a moderate reducing effect on stress in students in health professions; however, given the high risk of bias, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further high-quality studies are needed.

A multilevel meta-analysis on the effect of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing externalizing problem behavior in adolescents.

A multilevel meta-analysis on the effect of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing externalizing problem behavior in adolescents.

Factors influencing the effects of the mindfulness-based interventions of patients with substance abuse: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis

ObjectiveThis article aims to provide the experiences of mindfulness treatments from the perspectives of patients with a history of substance abuse. Data sourcePeer-reviewed articles on 5 databases, namely, PubMed, PsychINFO, Medline, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library, between the year of 2000 and 2023. Study Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaStudies were included if they were published in the English language and reported on qualitative studies that directly engaged patients with experiences of substance abuse and mindfulness treatments. Data extractionAfter our initial search, 5355 studies were reviewed by title and abstract, consequently, 10 studies were included. Data synthesisMeta-ethnography were used in this study. Data were obtained from the quotations from participants and text under the heading “results” or “findings” from the included 10 studies. ResultsEffective mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) influence recovery from substance abuse. Four themes were identified as factors influencing the MBI treatment effect. They were (1) engaging in mindfulness: entry and retention, (2) perceived benefits of MBIs, (3) implementation of treatment group and (4) maintenance of treatment effect. ConclusionThis article examines the scientific literature to date and presents the evidence on the factors that influentially impact the effect of MBIs in patients with substance abuse. The findings of this study should be helpful in guiding clinical practice, policy, and future research focused on the treatment effect of MBIs for person with substance use.