Effect Of Microbial Consortia Research Articles

Effect of Microbial Consortia on Soil Health, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Soybean Grown in a Vertisol of Central India

A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during Kharif season of 2021-22. The experiment was performed with nine treatments comprised by Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, EM and their consortia with FUI and UFUI (absolute control) in randomized block design. The soybean crop was grown in the field along with recommended package of practices. The result showed that the yield of soybean was 43% higher (2351 kg ha -1) than control FUI and better uptake of N (145 kg ha-1 by seed and 125.6 kg ha-1 by straw), P (7.9 kg ha-1 by seed and 14.9 kg ha-1 by straw) and K (42.3 kg ha-1 by seed and 65.0 kg ha-1 by straw) by soybean were found due to inoculation of microbial consortia of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas and EM culture. The Physico-chemical properties (pH, EC and OC), availability of nutrients (NPK with vales of 288, 29 and 335 kg ha-1 respectively), enzymatic activities (Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities with values of 42.2, 69. 8 µg PNG h-1 g-1 of soil and 12.9 μg TPF hr-1 g-1 of soil, respectively) and microbial population (Rhizobium by 35.1×106, total bacteria by 39.3×107, fungi by 41.9×104 and actinomycetes by 38.7×103 cfu g-1 soil) in soil also improved with the same treatment as compared to FUI. It is strongly recommended that the inoculation of microbial consortia improved the soil health and soybean production too instead of single inoculation by modulating microbial population which improves the soil health by nutrient fixation, solubilization and mobilization and plant growth promotion.

Positive effects of a formulated microbial consortium on the growth and well-being of okra and tomato crops

The impact of microbial consortium (MC) comprising plant development-promoting organisms (PGPMs), for example, Bacillus sp., Enterobacter sp. (bacteria), Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. (fungus), and streptomycin sp. (actinomycetes) which are effective on two vegetable crops (okra and tomato). These strains were collected from five geologically isolated soil samples of agricultural fields around Bhubaneswar, Khurda, India (20.65946°N, 86.75409°E) and were biochemically characterized. The promising isolates were confirmed by 16s rRNA sequence. The MC was applied at five different concentrations, viz., 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% (v/v using MS medium) along with a control were included. The combinations of above mentioned PGPMs strains significantly increased shoot height, plant height, leaf length, and leaf width at three-day intervals, and fresh weight, dry weight, and root length at the end of the study period. The results revealed that the protective effect of MC significantly increased all the parameters. The crop growth parameters were confirmed MC was effective when tested against control crops. The MC was more effective with the soil base than without a soil base. Among different concentrations of MC, 0.5% of MC was more effective for all the test crops as compared to other concentrations. So, 0.5% was optimal for microbial colonization to ensure the provision of soil nutrients, as no discernible change in growth parameters was observed to further increase in concentration. Also, a study on microbial and physicochemical parameters of all the treatments of all the crops was recorded. The lab study is a small-scale investigation to confirm the efficacy and the sustainability of MC in with soil and without soil of Odisha. Overall, the study illustrated a healthy biotic (consortium microbes and natural soil microbes) and abiotic (MS medium and soil supplement) interaction is advantageous for crop development and advancement.

Effects of Multi-Species Microbial Inoculants on Early Wheat Growth and Litterbag Microbial Activity

The use of microbial consortia (MC) with complementing features is considered to be a promising method of sustainable crop intensification, potentially trumping the limited performance of single-strain applications. We assessed the effect of two novel MC on early wheat growth and litterbag microbial activity in heated and unheated soil. Pot experiments were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse over 63 days using a completely randomized design with six replications. A range of parameters of plant growth and nutrient uptake were regularly assessed and statistically analyzed by ANOVA. The litterbag-NIRS method was used to trace the microbial activity. Averaged over both trials, soil heating resulted in a significant increase in shoot biomass (+53%) and subsequent nitrogen uptake (+307 mg N pot−1) but strongly reduced root development (−46%) compared with unheated soil. The application of MC had no effect on wheat growth in the heated soil. By contrast, in the unheated soil, shoot (+12%) and root (+15%) biomass and shoot nitrogen uptake (+11%) were significantly increased after double inoculation with MC compared with autoclaved MC. The litterbag-NIRS method confirmed clear effects of soil heating on microbial activity. Differences between MC application and the control were noted, indicating a buffering effect of MC.

Optimization of indigenous hydrocarbon Degrading-microbial niche for effective bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil

Mishandling of petroleum products has been a significant source of environmental pollution and health hazards. Many microorganisms have the ability to utilize hydrocarbons as the sole source of carbon and these microorganisms are widely distributed in nature. Five (5) sites in Keffi, Nigeria were sampled to isolate hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi. The hydrocarbon products utilized were petrol, gear oil and engine oil. The hydrocarbon utilization was determined using the spectrophotometric method. A total of two (2) bacteria and two (2) fungi species were identified as the highest utilizers of the hydrocarbon products. The hydrocarbon utilization rate at the best temperature (37OC), pH (7) and time (28 days) was assessed. The utilization (mg/ml) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for petrol ranges from 1.97±0.05, 1.31±0.034 for gear oil and 1.52±0.035 for engine oil. Alcaligenes faecalis utilization ranges from 2.2±0.022 for petrol, 1.57±0.031, for gear oil and 1.86± 0.034 for engine oil. Trichoderma harzianum ranges from 1.98 ±0.012 for petrol, 1.23±0.003 for gear oil and 1.73±0.008 for engine oil. Purpureocillium lilacinum ranges from 1.98±0.03 for petrol, 0.92±0.006 for gear oil and 1.39±0.035 for engine oil. The effect of microbial consortium on hydrocarbon utilization (mg/ml) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis ranges from 1.83 ±0.035 for petrol, 1.33 ± 0.023 for gear oil and 1.46 ± 0.015 for engine oil. Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillium lilacinum range from 1.88 ± 0.041 for petrol, 1.45 ± 0.026 for gear oil and 1.63 ± 0.011 for engine oil. While a microbial consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis, Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillium lilacinum ranges from 2.09 ± 0.002 for Petrol, 1.85 ± 0.031 for gear oil and 1.97 ± 0.034 for engine oil. P.aeruginosa, A. faecalis, T. harzianum and P. lilacinum constitute an effective microbial consortium for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soil.

Effect of microbial consortia on growth and yield of wheat under typic haplustepts

Effect of microbial consortia on growth and yield of wheat under typic haplustepts

Qualitative assessment of compost engendered from municipal solid waste and green waste by indexing method

The present study aims at quantification of the quality of three varieties of composts made from municipal solid waste, green waste and combined waste by critically evaluating their physicochemical attributes, effect on soil fertility and metal pollution risk. Each waste type was treated with effective micro-organisms to compare the compost quality using Quality Control Indices. The effect of microbial consortia on the wastes was prominent resulting in decreased pH levels and increased electrical conductivity. C/N ratio ranged between 14-24 for waste composts without microbial treatment, and 8-11 for microbial treated wastes. The fertility parameter was observed to be more in microbial treated waste composts. Also, heavy metals concentration in waste compost without effective microbial treatment was higher than the types given EM. Based on the fertility and clean indices, the treated and untreated municipal solid waste and combined waste compost belonged to class RU-1 and class D, respectively. Moreover, compost prepared from treated and untreated green waste belonged to classes B and C respectively. In general, the prepared CW and GW composts have medium to high fertilizing potential and are fit for domestic as well as commercial use. However, MSW compost is not fit for agricultural purposes as it didn’t improve soil fertility to a greater extent but can be used as a soil conditioner in limited quantity as it can cause metal toxicity. For this reason, proper segregation of inputs at the start of a composting process is necessary to improve its quality before being put to agricultural use as any unbalanced or unchecked content of mixed waste will affect the overall compost quality.

Effect of microbial consortium on Ricinus communis L. seedling in Pb/Zn-contaminated soils

In order to investigate the effects of lead-zinc resistant microbial consortium on growth of Ricinus communis L., fungus L14 and the bacteria X8 from the soil in the lead-zinc mining area were collected as the microbial consortium of heavy metal-tolerant plant growth-promoting. The effect of compound functional flora on the growth of Ricinus communist L. seedlings was investigated. As the concentration of lead and zinc increased, the growth indicators of castor plant seedlings all reduced sharply. It can be seen that the higher the concentration of lead and zinc was, the greater the toxic effect on castor, and the more inhibited root growth. In inoculate group, the root length and stem height increased by 2cm and 2-3cm on average compared with the non-inoculated group.

Phosphorus nutrition of oats genotypes in acidic soils: Exploiting responsive plant-microbe partnership

Genotype-microbes interactions in rhizosphere can be a promising approach to improve P nutrition of crop plants in acidic soils. This study explored the response of contrasting oat genotypes to the conjunctive application of microbial consortia and differently soluble phosphatic fertilizers. Effect of microbial consortia [vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM), Azotobacter chroococum, Aspergillus niger, and Pseudomonas sp.] with tri‑calcium phosphate or potassium di‑hydrogen phosphate on the P nutrition of oat genotypes (Kent and JHO-851) was evaluated in controlled condition. Microbial consortia alone or in conjunction with 50% recommended dose of P fertilizers significantly increased the forage yield and P uptake. Kent was more responsive compared with JHO-851 to consortia and P fertilization. Plant P content in Kent genotypes showed strong correlation with microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), acid and alkaline phosphatases activities, Bray's P and actinobacteria population in soils. Forage yield and P uptake response was similar with tri‑calcium phosphate and potassium di‑hydrogen phosphate. Root biomass, MBN and Bray's P contributed for 90% variability in P uptake. Results advocated that responsive oat genotype and microbial consortia with 50% recommended P fertilizers dose or tri- calcium phosphate can be a low-cost option for efficient P nutrition in acidic soils.

Impact of microbial consortia on microbial population and available nutrients in soil under soybean crop

The present investigation was conducted to see the effect of microbial consortia on microbial population, available nutrients in soil and yield of soybean grown during 2018-19 under an ongoing All India Network Project on Soil Biodiversity and Biofertilizers at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Coinoculation in the form of a consortium with Pseudomonas fluorescens (PGPR) Actinomycetes (Actino) and Arthrobacter (Arthro) was found beneficial in enhancing yield of soybean. Application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with microbial consortium (PGPR+Actino+Arthro) recorded significantly higher amounts of available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which resulted in 43, 30 and 37 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. Similarly, plots receiving RDF+PGPR+Actino+Arthro recorded significantly higher populations of Actinomycetes, Arthrobacter and PGPR at 25, 45 and 65 days after sowing which were 1.71, 1.42 and 1.52 log fold; 1.32, 1.28 and 1.31 log fold; and 1.56, 1.35 and 1.44 log fold, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. In almost all cases, the treatment combinations of RDF+PGPR+Arthro, RDF+PGPR+Actino and RDF+Arthro+Actino exhibited similar performances. Seed and stover yields of soybean increased by 44 and 61 per cent, respectively over that of fertilized uninoculated control. It may be concluded that application of microbial consortia may be followed for enhancing soybean yield, available soil nutrients and microbial populations by direct as well as indirect beneficial effect.

Effect of microbial consortia on soil enzymatic activities of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rhizosphere under glass house conditions

Effect of microbial consortia on soil enzymatic activities of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rhizosphere under glass house conditions

The Response of Vigna radiata to Various Sources of Fertilizers in Vellore District

In the current global scenario, farmers face a considerable challenge in maintaining a balance between sustainable agriculture and good yield. A field experiment was undertaken at Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore district to examine the performance of various sources fertilizers on Vigna radiata. A new combination of plant growth stimulating bacterial consortium was compared with exsting organic and inorganic fertilizer. The outcome of the study showed that the grain yield and root nodules production was significantly increased by the effect of microbial consortia with maintaining the soil pH. In the present study, we report the enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) and flowering initiation by the application of farmyard manure (FYM), bio-fertilizer (Rhizobium) and panchagavya. Moreover inorganic fertilizer did not show any positive improvements for the present soil condition. The outcome of the study suggested the imperative role of organic and biofertilizer which improved the crop yield production than the other inorganic fertilizers.

Effect of Microbial Consortium (Bio-Fertilizer) on Growth of Poplar Clones in Nursery

The present study was conducted at Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, PAU, Ludhiana during the year 2015-16. The influence of different doses of microbial consortium (bio-fertilizer) addition to nine different poplar clones in nursery on growth was studied. Different doses of bio-fertilizer showed the significant results for collar diameter, leaf area, and biomass accumulation except plant height and also reveal that different clones showed the significant results for collar diameter, leaf area, plant height, biomass accumulation. Study also revealed that the interaction between different doses of bio-fertilizers and clones showed the significant results for collar diameter, leaf area, and plant height except in plant biomass. The application of microbial consortium (bio-fertilizers) increased the growth parameters in poplar plants. Application of microbial consortium resulted in enhanced growth for most of the characters and can be used as alternative to chemical fertilizer

Effectiveness of microbial consortium on growth, yield, and intensity of withered disease (Fusarium oxysporum Schelecht) on garlic plants

Garlic is one of the horticultural products that is further developed in Indonesia, this is done as one of our efforts to increase the needs of meeting the needs of products that always rely on imports. The productivity of our garlic is still low, below 20 tons/ha. To improve this efficiency, technology development is needed, one of which is by using a microbial consortium. The utilization of the microbial consortium in garlic cultivation is still limited. This study examines the best benefits of the microbial consortium for growth (height, number of leaves) and yield quality (tuber diameter and yield) as well as its effect on the development of wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schelecht. The research was conducted at the Vegetable Crops Research Institute (Balitsa) from August to November 2018 using a Randomized Block Design consisting of 6 preparations and 4 replications. The approved microbial treatments were P0 (Control), P1 (12.5 g/plant), P2 (25 g/p lant), P3 (50 g/plant), P4 (100 g/plant), and P5 (150) g/plant). The results showed that the use of 150 gr microbial consortium showed the highest value for high plant parameters, while for the number of leaves, yield weight, tuber diameter did not show differences between workmanship. The influence of the use of a microbial consortium can control fusarium disease at 40 days after planting (HST) of 14.7-41.17 percent compared with control management.

Populasi Bakteri Dan Jamur Pada Rizosfer Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) Yang Ditanam Di Tanah Dikontaminasi Insektisida Organoklorin Setelah Aplikasi Konsorsia Mikroba Dan Kompos

Organochlorine insecticide was banned for agriculture but nowadays its residue was still found in some agricultural soil. One of ways to lowering organochlorine residue in soil is by used of degrading-organochlorine microbial consortia accompanied with compost application. However, application of exogenous microbes might affect bacterial and fungal population in soil. The pot experiment has been set up to verify the influence of Pseudomonas mallei and Trichoderma sp. and compost on total bacteria and fungi on rhizosphere of Cai Sim (Brassica juncea L.) grown on Andisols which were contaminated with organochlorine insecticide of heptachlor, endosulfan, dieldrin and DDT. Experimental design was Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replicates. The first factor was microbial consortia of P.mallei and Trichoderma sp., and the second one was kind of compost. The result showed that effect of microbial consortia on total bacteria population was determined by kind of compost. Total bacterial population in rhizosphere of Cai Sim grown with cow manure compost and microbial consortia was more increased. However, microbial consortia as well as any kind of compost did not influence total fungal population in Cai Sim rhizosphere. In this experiment, total bacterial and fungal population in rhizosphere reached 109 cfu g-1 and 104 cfu g-1 respectively, indicating that major microbial population in rhizosphere was in the normal range.

Biogas Production from Palm Oil Fruit Bunch in Anaerobic Biodigester through Liquid State (LS-AD) and Solid State (SS-AD) Method

The crucial problem facing the world today is energy resources. Waste production of palm oil fruit bunch potentially produce as renewable energy resource. Palm oil fruit bunch contains 44% cellulose, 18% lignin and 34% hemicellulose. Organic carbon source is contained in biomass potentially produce biogas. Biogas is one of alternative energy, which is environmentally friendly and has been widely developed. This research is aimed to examine the effect of pretreatment in raw material of waste palm oil fruit bunch for the production of biogas, the effect of time, ratio C/N, and effect of microbial consortium. The variables are total solid (TS) used 10% and 18% with a 40 mesh physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment with NaOH 8% gr / gr TS, and biology 5% g/vol with microbial consortium. Biogas production process was conducted over 2 months in room temperature, the test response quantitative results in the form of biogas volume every 2 days and also flame test. The result of this research shows that the highest daily production rate of biogas obtained from this study was 5,73 ml/gr TS and the highest biogas production accumulation generated at 58,28 ml/gr TS produced through a 40 mesh sieve of waste oil palm empty fruit bunch, immersion in NaOH, through solid state fermentation and C/N 30. From this research, it can be concluded that the optimum production of biogas formation occurs with the value of C/N 30, physical and biological pretreatment, and solid state method.

Populasi Mikrob di Rizosfer dan Pertumbuhan Caisim (Brassica juncea) di Tanah Dikontaminasi Insektisida Organoklorin setelah Aplikasi Konsorsia Mikrob dan Kompos

Organochlorine insecticide hed been banned for agriculture but nowadays its residue was still found in some agriculturalsoil. One of ways to lower organochlorine residue in soil is by using degrading-organochlorine microbial consortiaaccompanied by compost application. However, application of exogenous microbes might affect bacterial and fungalpopulation in soil and hence plant growth. The pot experiment has been set up to verify the influence of Pseudomonasmallei and Trichoderma sp. and compost on total bacteria and fungi on rhizosphere of caisim (Brassica juncea L.) grownon Andisols which were contaminated with organochlorine insecticide of Heptachlor, endosulfan, dieldrin, and DDT.Experimental design was Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replicates. The first factor was microbial consortiaof P.mallei and Trichoderma sp., and the second one was the kind of compost. The result showed that effect of microbialconsortia on total bacteria population was determined by the kind of compost. Total bacterial population in rhizosphere ofcaisim grown with cow manure compost and microbial consortia was more increased. However, microbial consortia as wellas any kind of compost did not influence total fungal population in caisim rhizosphere. Amount of leaf increased due tomicrobial and compost application however plant yield did not.

Evaluation of INM in Citrus on Vertic Ustochrept: Biometric Response and Soil Health

Emerging multiple nutrient deficiencies have necessitated renewed efforts to address nutrient management issue through integrated use of inorganic fertilizers (IF), organic manures (OM), and microbial consortium (MC). Accrued long term field experiment data on evaluation of integrated nutrient management (INM) in Nagpur mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) carried out with the objective of working out an efficient INM module grown on Vertic Ustochrept showed much better effectiveness of MC when used in combination with IF fertilizers and OM, farmyard manure (FYM) or vermicompost (Vm). However, the latter could produce a much higher magnitude of response. The net increase in canopy volume within four years (2007–2012) with 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) was much higher compared with 75% RDF plus 25% Vm plus MC, with significantly better fruit quality parameters. Soil quality parameters in terms of soil microbial biomass (SMB) and soil microbial biomass nutrients (SMBN) were much higher with 75% RDF plus 25% Vm plus MC as compared with exclusive use of IF as 100% RDF. These changes within rhizosphere were very well translated into consequent improvements in leaf nutrient composition, being significantly higher with 75% RDF plus 25% Vm plus MC over 100% RDF. These observations warranted strong support in favor of INM-based treatments than sole use of IF.

Soil Microbial Degradation of Vacuum Residue

The effect of microbial consortia on the alteration of petroleum residual structure and portions was studied, which can propose an alternative or complementary method for stringent upgrading heavy crude oil methods, which consist of heavy and complex hydrocarbons. Biological processing of petroleum heavy fractions and residua may provide an alternative or complementary process in refining heavy crudes—the dominant refinery feed in the future—with less severe process conditions and higher selectivity to upgrade heavy fractions of crude oil. The primary objective was to observe the ability of an indigenous bacterial consortium taken from a soil bellow the vacuum column contaminated with vacuum residue (VR) for several decades from the Tehran refinery distillation unit, in degradation of residua components. Enrichment with VR, as sole source of carbon and energy, is the selected biosurfactant-producing microbial consortium. The biodegradation of net VR using indigenous consortia from this specific ecosystem was studied. The considered period of biodegradation of these heavy hydrocarbons was remarkably shorter than usual studies. Bacterial growth and VR biodegradation ability of this consortium analyzed with SARA test in 20 days. Studying the inoculum size and aeration effect revealed the significance of oxygen for this consortia activity and the similarity of 7% and 5% inoculation on alteration percentage of alkane, aromatic, and asphaltene and resin in VR. Results study revealed a 30.4%, 6.9%, and 9.4% decrease in the asphaltene, aromatics, and saturated aliphatic contents of VR, respectively, in only 20 days in 30°C at 150 rpm.

Effect of Microbial Consortia on the Composting of Pig Manure

Effect of Microbial Consortia on the Composting of Pig Manure

Effects of innovative microbial management on maize ( Zea mays L.) yield in a long-term fertilisation experiment

Research indicates that there is considerable potential for a successful switch from high chemical use to lower-input, more sustainable farming practices for maize. The overall objective of the MicroMaize project was to field-test the performance of innovative microbiological management strategies. The effect of microbial consortia on maize growth and grain yield was studied in 2008 and 2009 at Martonvásár (Hungary) in a 50-year-old long-term fertilisation experiment. The experiment was set up in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plots were the fertilisation treatments: A: control, without fertilisation (N 0 P 0 K 0 ), B: N 50 P 24 K 43 , C: N 100 P 48 K 87 , D: N 200 P 96 K 174 , E: N 300 P 144 K 261 . Three microbial inoculation treatments were the sub-plots: C0: control, no microbial consortia, C1: A. lipoferum CRT1 + P. fluorescens Pf153 + G. intraradices JJ 129 , C2: A. lipoferum CRT1 + P. fluorescens F113 + G. intraradices JJ129 . The results indicated that the microbial consortia had no significant effect on maize growth and yield. In the ecophysiological analyses, the microbial consortia were found to have a significant positive effect on the chlorophyll content and on the protein and nitrogen contents of the grain yield in 2009. The long-term results revealed that the mineral fertilisation treatments and the year had a significant influence on the growth, yield and grain quality parameters of maize. The effect of nutrient supplies and year during the vegetative growth phase of maize could be quantified using the mean values of the absolute growth rate (AGR) for maize shoots and roots and with the nutrient stress index calculated from AGR. Further field investigations on productivity and eco-physiological parameters will be needed to estimate the effect of microbial consortia.