Effect Of Miconazole Research Articles

Effect of miconazole and clotrimazole on K+ release and inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis in Trichophyton mentagrophytes and related ultrastructural observations.

Measurement of K+ ions in extracellular fluids was used to provide evidence of direct membrane damage induced by miconazole and clotrimazole in Trichophyton mentagrophytes mycelium. K+ release from mycelium treated with high concentrations of drug was extensive, although leakage occurred more rapidly and to a greater extent with miconazole than with clotrimazole. Cells treated with fungicidal concentrations of drug were completely necrotic. The effect of miconazole was concentration dependent. A reduction in ergosterol levels was evident after 5 h treatment with miconazole. Further reduction in ergosterol concentration was demonstrated after 24 h with fungistatic concentrations of drug and was a concentration dependent effect. Fungistatic concentrations of miconazole also induced ultrastructural changes in mycelium, which were apparent within 5 h of treatment and became more pronounced after 24 h. Clotrimazole also reduced ergosterol levels and affected ultrastructure of mycelium. The plasma membrane in particular was affected by both these drugs.

The effect of miconazole on palatal candidosis induced in the Wistar rat.

Abstract Autopolymerizing acrylic resin supplemented with 10 per cent miconazole nitrate was tested as a treatment for palatal candidosis as induced by Shakir et al. (1981) in the Wistar rat It was found that by fitting rats with appliances supplemented with 10 per cent( w w ) miconazole in the polymer powder, palatal candidosis could be prevented, and previously infected animals were cured after therapy for one month Rats fitted with supplemented appliances showed no adverse side-effects and tended to gain weight more rapidly than animals with unsupplemented appliances.

Influence of cations on the mode of action of miconazole on yeast cells

The influence of the antifungal agent miconazole nitrate on yeast plasma membranes was studied in a concentration range 0–100 μM. The reaction of 100 μM miconazole with the plasma membranes lead to a rapid breakdown of the transmembrane pH gradient and to an efflux of metabolites from the cytoplasm of the cells. This effect of miconazole could be reversed by mono-, di- and most effectively by trivalent cations due to the formation of miconazole-cation complexes. At a ratio of trivalent cation/miconazole (1:3) the effect was completely reversed. X-Ray diffraction studies indicated a cristalline structure of the aluminium-miconazole complex.

Effect of miconazole on the electrical conductivity of bilayer membranes

Effect of miconazole on the electrical conductivity of bilayer membranes

The measurement of serum 5-fluorocytosine levels in the presence of miconazole.

Miconazole is effective against a wide variety of fungi, and may be of value when used in combination with 5-fluorocytosine in the treatment of life-threatening mycotic infections. Because the hematologic toxicity of 5-fluorocytosine is related to high serum levels, the effects of miconazole on the standard disc diffusion assay for 5-fluorocytosine were studied. When standards were made in either undiluted or 10% pooled human serum, no difference in zone size between 5-fluorocytosine alone and the combination of 5-fluorocytosine and miconazole was found. It is concluded that, in this assay system, miconazole does not affect the disc diffusion test for serum 5-fluorocytosine levels.

Biochemical and ultrastructural alterations produced by miconazole and econazole in Trypanosoma cruzi

Miconazole and econazole, two fungicide imidazole derivatives, completely inhibited growth of Trypanosoma cruzi (Tulahuen strain) at concentrations of about 20 μM. Culturing of T. cruzi in the presence of lower doses of imidazole derivatives produced: decrease of 5,7-diene sterol content in epimastigotes (including ergosterol); disappearance of the nuclear chromatin, vacuolization and decrease in the electron density of the cytoplasm; selective surface alterations as revealed by an increased response to wheat-germ- and phytohemagglutinin. At variance with the effect of miconazole on Candida (De Nollin et al. (1977) Antimicrobiol. Agents Chemother. 11, 500–513), miconazole and econazole, under the experimental conditions used, did not increase the rate of hydrogen peroxide generation by T. cruzi.

Effects of miconazole and dodecylimidazole on sterol biosynthesis in Ustilago maydis.

Miconazole at minimal fungitoxic concentrations inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis in sporidia of Ustilago maydis by interference with sterol C14 demethylation. The action is analogous to that of the fungicides triarimol and fenarimol. The fungicide 1-dodecylimidazole at low concentrations (0.1 to 0.25 mug/ml) inhibits sterol C14 demethylation; however, at higher concentrations (1.0 mug/ml or greater) it also inhibits 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclization and subsequent transmethylation. It is postulated that this diversity of effects of 1-dodecylimidazole results from binding of the inhibitor to sterol carrier protein(s).

The effects of miconazole on rat liver mitochondria

The antifungal agent Miconazole nitrate has been shown to cause uncoupling and at higher concentrations an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in isolated rat liver mitochondria, with concurrent damage to the mitochondrial membranes.

Miconazole in Systemic Candidosis

Results are reported on the effect of miconazole together with concurrent medication in the treatment of 7 patients with systemic candidiasis. Two patients were discharged from hospital in good condition. In two others, the clinical status normalized. One patient's status improved but he was subsequently readmitted. Two patients died. The excellent tolerance of miconazole by all patients was a particular feature of this trial.

The Effect of Miconazole on Vulvo‐Vaginal Candidosis in Pregnant and Non‐pregnant Women and their Partners

Miconazole cream (Daktar vaginal cream 2%, Leo) given for 12-14 days was tested in 85 subjects with positive vaginal candida culture. Eighty percent of the patients were pregnant. Healing was observed in 93% of the cases. Treatment of the sexual partner did not influence the therapeutic effect.

Mechanism of action of miconazole: labilization of rat liver lysosomes in vitro by miconazole.

Miconazole, a potent antifungal agent, labilizes rat liver lysosomes. Its labilizing effect is followed by measuring the release of lysosomal hydrolases, namely, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, and arylsulfatase A. The effect of miconazole is concentration dependent in the range of 10(-5) to 1.2 x 10(-4) M. However, at higher concentrations, miconazole inhibits enzyme release but does not inhibit enzyme activities per se. The effect of miconazole depends on the drug/lysosome ratio and is influenced by the pH of the incubation media, being minimal at alkaline pH. Membrane-active drugs such as nystatin, 2-phenethyl-alcohol, hexachlorophene, and digitonin have been compared with miconazole for their lysosome-labilizing action. The effect of miconazole on the lysosomal membrane is confirmed by a decrease in turbidity of the lysosomal suspension.

The action of miconazole on the growth ofCandida albicans

The growth of Candida albicans was studied in control cultures and in the presence of miconazole or clotrimazole. Each drug prolonged the lag phase and reduced the total final population. Although miconazole, at the low concentrations used, was a less potent inhibitor than clotrimazole in the main logarithmic phase, it was more fungicidal. The antifungal activity of miconazole on C. albicans was inversely proportional to the number of cells inoculated in the media. The effects of miconazole on growth depended on the nutrients in the medium and were most pronounced when it was added to cultures of C. albicans in the lag and main logarithmic phase of growth. The growth inhibitory effects of sub-fungicidal doses of miconazole (≤ 10-6 M) on C. albicans seemed to be reversible.

Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Miconazole: Effect of Miconazole on Respiration and Cell Permeability of Candida albicans

The antifungal drug, miconazole nitrate, inhibits the growth of several species of Candida. Candida albicans, one of the pathogenic species, was totally inhibited at a concentration of approximately 10 mug/ml. Endogenous respiration was unaffected by the drug at a concentration as high as 100 mug/ml, whereas exogenous respiration was markedly sensitive and inhibited to an extent of 85%. The permeability of the cell membrane was changed as evidenced by the leakage of 260-nm absorbing materials, amino acids, proteins, and inorganic cations. The results we present clearly show that the drug alters the cellular permeability, and thus the exogenous respiration becomes sensitive to the drug.

A controlled trial with miconazole (R 14 889) in the prevention of yeast infections occurring after treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis

Abstract A study was performed to determine the effect of miconazole on the occurrence of pathogenic yeasts after metronidazole treatment in 40 patients with vaginal trichomoniasis. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 20. Group 1 received orally 250 mg of metronidazole b.i.d. for 10 days. Group 2 applied miconazole once daily for 14 days in addition to an identical metronidazole treatment. Microbiological examinations and pH determinations were done before and after treatment. Before treatment yeasts were found in six patients of the miconazole group and in three patients of the control group; after treatment two and seven occurrences were found, respectively. A significant decrease in vaginal pH was observed in both groups after treatment. After treatment trichomonads were still found in two patients of the control group and in none of the patients in the miconazole group. On the basis of these data it may be advisable to use miconazole along with trichomonacidal treatment in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis.