Effect Of Lifestyle Physical Activity Research Articles

Effects of lifestyle physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions on disease activity and patient- and clinician- important health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis

BackgroundLifestyle physical activity (PA) is defined as any type of PA undertaken as part of daily life. It can include engagement in activities of daily living (i.e., household chores, gardening, walking to work), incidental PA, walking and/or reducing sedentary or sitting behaviours (SB). Regular PA is recommended for people with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) to reduce disease activity and systemic inflammation, as well as to improve patient- and clinician-important health outcomes. However, there is no summarised evidence of the effectiveness of interventions specifically targeting lifestyle PA and SB in this population. The aims of this systematic review with meta-analysis were to evaluate interventions targeting lifestyle PA and/or SB on 1) disease activity; 2) PA, SB and 3) patient- and clinician-important outcomes in people with RA.MethodsEight databases [Medline, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Excerpta Medica database and Physiotherapy Evidence Database] were searched from inception-August 2022. Inclusion criteria required interventions to target lifestyle PA and/or SB, conducted in adults with RA, assessing patient- and/or clinician-important outcomes.ResultsOf 880 relevant articles, 16 interventions met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showed statistically significant effects of interventions on disease activity (standardised mean difference = -0.12 (95% confidence interval = -0.23 to -0.01, I2 = 6%, z = 2.19, p = .03), moderate-to-vigorous PA, light/leisure PA, steps, functional ability, and fatigue. Whereas, no intervention effects were visualised for total PA, pain, anxiety or quality of life.ConclusionsLifestyle PA interventions led to increased PA, reductions in SB and improvements in disease activity and other patient- and/or clinician-important health outcomes in people with RA. Future interventions should be less heterogenous in content, structure, focus and outcome measures used to aid understanding of the most effective intervention components for improving health. More SB interventions are needed to determine their effectiveness at producing clinical benefits.

Review of article: Laslovich, S., Alvar, B.A., Allison, M., & Rauh, M.J. Effects of lifestyle physical activity on vascular function in asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2020; 52(1):8–15

Review of article: Laslovich, S., Alvar, B.A., Allison, M., & Rauh, M.J. Effects of lifestyle physical activity on vascular function in asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2020; 52(1):8–15

Effects of Lifestyle Physical Activity on Vascular Function in Asymptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 12-wk in-home self-monitored physical activity (PA) program targeting a combination of lifestyle PA program on changes in endothelial reactivity, arterial stiffness, sedentary behaviors, and upright and stepping activities in individuals with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease (APAD). Participants (n = 38) with APAD (ages 52-87 yr) were randomized to attention control (AC) or a PA sedentary reduction (PASR) group using an interactive online 3-month program focusing on increasing lifestyle PA and decreasing sedentary behaviors. The ActivPal™ PA monitor was used to measure postural and stepping parameters. Endothelial reactivity (peripheral arterial tone-reactive hyperemia index [PAT-RHI]) and augmentation index (AIx) were measured using the EndoPAT™ system at baseline and 3 months. The PASR group significantly decreased daily sit/lie hours (-0.80 ± 0.87 vs 0.18 ± 0.77 P = 0.001), increased sit-to-stand transitions per day (7.1 ± 10.5 vs -1.4 ± 5.71, P < 0.001), and increased daily step counts (2814 ± 1753 vs 742 ± 1321, P < 0.001). The PASR group also increased steps per day accumulated within specific cadence bands 61-80 steps per minute (1252 ± 447 vs 177 ± 359, P < 0.001), 81-100 steps per minute band (919 ± 511 vs -98 ± 697, P < 0.001), and within the 101-120 steps per minute band (415 ± 625 vs -327 ± 467, P < 0.001) versus the AC group. PAT-RHI significantly increased in the PASR group (0.179 ± 0.180 vs 0.0.044 ± 0.101, P = 0.019), whereas no significant changes were observed in PAT-AIx. Modest improvements in microvascular reactivity, PA, sedentary behavior, but not arterial stiffness were demonstrated after a 12-wk intervention targeting sedentary behavior reduction and increased lifestyle PA in individuals with APAD.

Long-term differences in ratings of daily fatigue and pain following lifestyle physical activity (LPA) intervention in fibromyalgia patients

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and debilitating fatigue. Current treatments tend to produce modest and inconsistent benefits. Lifestyle physical activity (LPA: accumulating 30 minutes of self-selected moderate intensity physical activity per day) may provide a way to improve symptoms and functioning in adults with FM. As part of a larger study investigating the effects of LPA, adults with FM who were randomized to either 12 weeks of LPA or an FM education control (FME), wore an Actigraph® (a watch-like device worn on the non-dominant wrist) to record their daily physical activity. They also used the device to rate (0=none to 10=extreme) their levels of pain and fatigue at pre-determined times throughout the day. Participants wore the Actigraph® for baseline and post-intervention follow-ups. Complete data on 18 of the participants were analyzed using a Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). There was a significant group difference in fatigue ratings (F(1,15)= 402.5, p=.045). The LPA group had a reduction in their mean fatigue ratings over the course of the study with a baseline of 5.22 (SD = 1.11); 3 month post-intervention of 4.45 (SD=0.95) and 6 months post-intervention of 4.00 (SD=1.04). While the mean fatigue ratings of the FME group were 5.93 (SD=2.08), 6.06 (SD=0.89) and 6.20 (SD=1.04), respectively. There was also a difference for the mean pain ratings between the groups (F(1,15)=322.7, p=.003). The ratings for the LPA group were 3.13 (SD=0.95), 3.41 (SD=0.90) and 3.11 (SD=1.15) for the baseline and 3 and 6 month post assessments, respectively. The FME group's pain ratings were 5.17 (SD=1.53), 5.04 (SD=1.34) and 5.94 (SD=1.23), respectively. These preliminary findings suggest that LPA may reduce fatigue. LPA's effects on real-time pain ratings, however, appear inconsistent. Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and debilitating fatigue. Current treatments tend to produce modest and inconsistent benefits. Lifestyle physical activity (LPA: accumulating 30 minutes of self-selected moderate intensity physical activity per day) may provide a way to improve symptoms and functioning in adults with FM. As part of a larger study investigating the effects of LPA, adults with FM who were randomized to either 12 weeks of LPA or an FM education control (FME), wore an Actigraph® (a watch-like device worn on the non-dominant wrist) to record their daily physical activity. They also used the device to rate (0=none to 10=extreme) their levels of pain and fatigue at pre-determined times throughout the day. Participants wore the Actigraph® for baseline and post-intervention follow-ups. Complete data on 18 of the participants were analyzed using a Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). There was a significant group difference in fatigue ratings (F(1,15)= 402.5, p=.045). The LPA group had a reduction in their mean fatigue ratings over the course of the study with a baseline of 5.22 (SD = 1.11); 3 month post-intervention of 4.45 (SD=0.95) and 6 months post-intervention of 4.00 (SD=1.04). While the mean fatigue ratings of the FME group were 5.93 (SD=2.08), 6.06 (SD=0.89) and 6.20 (SD=1.04), respectively. There was also a difference for the mean pain ratings between the groups (F(1,15)=322.7, p=.003). The ratings for the LPA group were 3.13 (SD=0.95), 3.41 (SD=0.90) and 3.11 (SD=1.15) for the baseline and 3 and 6 month post assessments, respectively. The FME group's pain ratings were 5.17 (SD=1.53), 5.04 (SD=1.34) and 5.94 (SD=1.23), respectively. These preliminary findings suggest that LPA may reduce fatigue. LPA's effects on real-time pain ratings, however, appear inconsistent.

Effects of Lifestyle Physical Activity in Adults With Fibromyalgia

In a 12-week randomized controlled trial of the effects of lifestyle physical activity (LPA) on symptoms and function among adults with fibromyalgia, we found that LPA participants increased their average daily step count by 54%, improved their self-reported functioning by 18%, and reduced their pain by 35%. The objective of the study was to evaluate the intermediate (6 months) and long-term (12 months) effects of the LPA intervention on outcomes. Participants completed follow-up assessments of physical activity, pain, fibromyalgia-related function, fatigue, depression, number of tender points, 6-minute walk test, and perceived improvement at 6 and 12 months after intervention. Of the 73 participants who completed the 12-week trial, 53 (73%) completed both the 6- and 12-month follow-up. Although the LPA participants reported greater perceived improvement at each follow-up, they did not differ from controls on pain, physical activity, tenderness, fatigue, depression, or the 6-minute walk test. Self-reported functioning declined markedly at follow-up for the LPA participants. Although participants reported greater perceived improvement at each assessment, the beneficial effects of LPA on physical activity, function, and pain found after the 12-week intervention were not sustained over time. This recidivism is seen in studies of activity and exercise in nearly any condition, and innovative methods that may prevent this are a focus of future studies.

Effects of lifestyle physical activity on perceived symptoms and physical function in adults with fibromyalgia: results of a randomized trial

IntroductionAlthough exercise is therapeutic for adults with fibromyalgia (FM), its symptoms often create obstacles that discourage exercise. We evaluated the effects of accumulating at least 30 minutes of self-selected lifestyle physical activity (LPA) on perceived physical function, pain, fatigue, body mass index, depression, tenderness, and the six-minute walk test in adults with FM.MethodsEighty-four minimally active adults with FM were randomized to either LPA or a FM education control (FME) group. LPA participants worked toward accumulating 30 minutes of self-selected moderate-intensity LPA, five to seven days per week, while the FME participants received information and support.ResultsSeventy-three of the 84 participants (87%) completed the 12-week trial. The LPA group increased their average daily steps by 54%. Compared to FME, the LPA group reported significantly less perceived functional deficits (P = .032) and less pain (P = .006). There were no differences between the groups on the six-minute walk test (P = .067), fatigue, depression, body mass index, or tenderness.ConclusionsAccumulating 30 minutes of LPA throughout the day produces clinically relevant changes in perceived physical function and pain in previously minimally active adults with FM.Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov NCT00383084

A lifestyle physical activity intervention for caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease.

The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of lifestyle physical activity in caregivers (CGs) of persons with Alzheimer's disease. Fifteen CGs engaged in lifestyle physical activity during a 6-month, home-based health promotion program. Mean changes in self-reported physical activity were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Fifty percent of CGs increased total self-reported minutes and 42% increased total moderate minutes of physical activity from preintervention to postintervention; however, no CG engaged in vigorous physical activity and there were no significant improvements in self-reported physical activity for the total group. Hot summer weather, heavy non-caregiving responsibilities, heavy caregiving responsibilities, and feelings of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and fatigue were the most frequently identified physical activity barriers. Incorporating an individualized, home-based program of lifestyle physical activity appears feasible; however, attention needs to be given in the future to physical activity barriers identified by this select group of CGs.

Blood Pressure Responses to Lifestyle Physical Activity Among Young, Hypertension-Prone African-American Women

Physical inactivity and obesity increase the risk for hypertension, and both are more prevalent in African-American than Caucasian women. Regular physical activity serves as an important intervention for reducing cardiovascular risk, yet the ideal physical activity profile to meet the needs of young, sedentary African-American women remains unclear. We performed a randomized, parallel, single-blind study to examine the effect of lifestyle physical activity (LPA) on blood pressure indices in sedentary African-American women aged 18 to 45 years with prehypertension or untreated stage 1 hypertension. The primary intervention was an 8-week individualized, home-based program in which women randomized to Exercise (n = 14) were instructed to engage in lifestyle-compatible physical activity (eg, walking, stair climbing) for 10 minutes, 3 times a day, 5 days a week, at a prescribed heart rate corresponding to an intensity of 50% to 60% heart rate reserve. Women in the No Exercise group (n = 10) continued with their usual daily activities. Mean changes in cuff, ambulatory, and pressure load indices were compared using paired t tests, and physical activity adherence was expressed as percentages. Women in the Exercise group had a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (-6.4 mm Hg, P = .036), a decrease in diastolic blood pressure status to the prehypertensive level (90.8 vs 87.4 mm Hg), and greater reductions in nighttime pressure load compared with the No Exercise group. Adherence to LPA was exceedingly high by all measures (65%-98%) and correlated with change in systolic blood pressure (r = -0.620, P = .024). The accumulation of LPA reduced cuff, ambulatory, and pressure load. The accumulation of LPA appears well tolerated and feasible in this sample of young African-American women, demonstrated by the overall high adherence rates. Given the excess burden of pressure-related clinical sequelae among African Americans and the strong correlation between pressure load and target organ damage, LPA may represent a practical and effective strategy in this population.

Effects of Lifestyle Physical Activity on Health Status, Pain, and Function in Adults with Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Objective: To test the effects of a lifestyle physical activity [LPA] program on health status, pain, fatigue, and function in adults with the fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS]. Methods: Forty-eight sedentary adults with FMS were randomized to either LPA or a FMS education control [FME] group. The LPA participants gradually worked toward accumulating 30 minutes of self-selected moderate-intensity LPA, five to seven days per week. Thirty-four participants [71 percent] completed the study.Results: The LPA group increased their physical activity by 70 percent, as assessed by pedometer. Seventy-one percent of participants randomized to LPA reported that their health status was improved, compared with 25 percent of the FME group [P = 0.013]. There were no statistically significant post-intervention differences between the LPA and FME groups in pain, fatigue, FMS impact, or six-minute walk distance.Conclusion: The LPA group increased their physical activity and improved global ratings of FMS-related change. Lifestyle physical activity might be a new way to assist persons with FMS to become more physically active.