Effect Of Iron Deficiency Anemia Research Articles

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c Levels in a cohort of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Studies have reported that HbA1c levels can be changed by iron deficiency (ID) which is the commonest nutritional anaemia globally. This study was aimed at determining the effect of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) on HbA1c levels in a cohort of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods: A retrospective analytical study was performed for a period of six months from January 2021. Laboratory records of 281 adult T2DM patients both, anaemic (n=135) with Hb <12g/dL in females and <13g/dL males and transferrin saturation <16%, and nonanaemic (n=146) with Hb >12g/dL in females and >13g/dL in males were analyzed. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20, descriptive statistical methods, Pearson’s Correlation test, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-Square test were used. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 281 patients diagnosed with T2DM, 150 were female, and 131 were male, spanning an age range of 22 to 96 years. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) values for HbA1c in both anaemic and non-anemic groups were 7.4±2.2% g/dL and 7.3±2.36% g/dL, respectively. Importantly, no statistically significant relationship was observed between the two groups (p=0.889). Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between HbA1c levels with serum iron (p=0.617), total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) (p=0.340), and transferrin saturation (p=0.168). Conclusion: The study reveals, HbA1c in T2DM patients with and without IDA show no significant difference. Therefore, HbA1c could be reliably used in monitoring patients with T2DM and IDA. Keywords: T2DM, HbA1c, iron deficiency anaemia, red blood cell indices

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c in NonDiabetics: An Analytical Study from Eastern India

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c in NonDiabetics: An Analytical Study from Eastern India

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Hemoglobin Glycation in Diabetics and Non-diabetics.

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent form of nutritional anemia worldwide, affecting a substantial portion of the population. It has significant negative effects on health and the economy, especially in poorer nations, and is more prevalent than anemia alone. Although hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is frequently used to track long-term glycemic management, several variables, including iron deficiency, might affect its values.For proper diabetic care, it is essential to comprehend this link. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of IDA on HbA1c levels in individuals with and without diabetes. Materials and methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, BLDE (Deemed to be University). Group 1 consists of diabetic patients with IDA, Group 2 consists of diabetic patients without IDA, and Group 3 consists of non-diabetics with IDA. A total of 108 patients were involved in the study. A complete hemogram, anemia profile, and HbA1c values were also a part of the data-gathering process. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23 (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York) was used for the statistical analysis, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results The study found no significant changes in the mean age, gender distribution,hypertension prevalence, weight, height, pulse rate, or blood pressure across the groups. Group 2 exhibited considerably higher hemoglobin levels than Groups 1 and3. Group 1 showed substantially higher mean blood sugar and HbA1c levelsthan Group 3 (p < 0.05). Diabetic individuals had higher HbA1c levels than non-diabetic individuals, with the greatest levels found in diabetic patients with IDA. Conclusion This study found that IDA had a significant influence on HbA1c levels in diabetic patients, indicating that iron deficiency should be addressed when interpreting HbA1c levels in these individuals. These findings underscore the need for more study to better understand the processes behind this connection and the consequences for clinical management.

Iron status and anemia as predictors for acute bronchiolitis severity

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on the severity of symptoms in infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis.MethodsThis is a case–control study, which was carried out on 80 infants from November 2022 to April 2023. The study involved 60 infants ranging in age from 2 months to 2 years, who were admitted to the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit and met the diagnostic criteria for acute bronchiolitis. Furthermore, a control group of 20 apparently healthy infants was incorporated into the study.ResultsThis study showed that patients with moderate and severe bronchiolitis exhibited notably reduced levels of hemoglobin, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. Concerning the iron status, a substantial decrease in serum iron and increase in TIBC in the severe group (P = 0.012, 0.001, respectively). No substantial correlation was detected between the severity of acute bronchiolitis and serum ferritin levels. Hemoglobin and serum iron were found to be independent predictors of the severity of acute bronchiolitis.ConclusionsInfants suffering from IDA exhibit increased vulnerability to acute bronchiolitis. The low levels of hemoglobin and serum iron may function as prognostic indicators for the severity of the condition in infants with acute bronchiolitis.

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c Levels Among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients

Abstract Background and Aims: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is widely used for assessment of glycemic status and diagnosis of diabetes. HbA1c levels are influenced by age, ethnicity, and conditions that alter the red cell turnover or survival. We aimed to assess the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on HbA1c levels among adult diabetic and nondiabetic patients and correlate HbA1c with iron profile. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 patients, of whom 50 were diagnosed diabetics with IDA, 50 were nondiabetics with IDA, and 50 were controls. They were investigated for hemogram, renal function test, HbA1c, and iron profile. Results: Mean HbA1c value among controls was 5.03 ± 0.34%, among diabetics with IDA was 8.69 ± 0.92%, and among nondiabetics with IDA was 5.87 ± 0.76% and this difference was statistically significant. Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was 332.54 ± 58.32 µg/dL among controls, 420.63 ± 119.03 µg/dL among nondiabetics with IDA, and 495.88 ± 126.79 µg/dL among diabetics with IDA. Pearson’s correlation coefficient of HbA1c with serum ferritin was -0.444, with serum iron was -0.357, and with TIBC was 0.476. Conclusion: HbA1c levels are elevated in diabetes with IDA. HBA1c is negatively correlated with serum iron and ferritin and positively correlated with TIBC.

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Fetal and Maternal Morbidity

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Fetal and Maternal Morbidity

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Course and Outcome of Pregnancy

A study of effect of iron deficiency anemia on glycosylated hemoglobin in non-diabetic patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly increasing global health concern, having a substantial impact on morbidity and mortality. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the primary measure of diabetes control, reflecting glycemic levels over the past 3 months. However, hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities, such as those seen in iron deficiency anemia (IDA), can theoretically affect HbA1c levels. IDA, affecting over 30% of the global population, results from inadequate iron intake, hemorrhage, or poor iron absorption, leading to reduced Hb production. This study aims to evaluate the impact of IDA on HbA1c levels in non-diabetic patients, providing insights into accurate HbA1c interpretation in anemic patients. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the impact of IDA on HbA1c levels in non-diabetic individuals. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months at Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center. There were a total of 100 IDA patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Hb levels below 10 g/dL with a microcytic image suggestive of iron deficiency, postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) levels below 140 mg/dL following an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels below 100 mg/dL were the inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria included Hb levels above 10 g/dL, altered FBS or PPBS values post-OGTT, diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus, individuals younger than 18 years, and those with conditions such as hemoglobinopathies, hemolytic anemia, hypothyroidism, pregnancy, or abnormal renal function tests. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Data collection included demographics, medical history, and laboratory investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with t-tests, mean, and standard deviation (SD) for association analysis, and Chi-square tests for sex comparisons. Correlations were assessed through t-test. The significance level was kept at 0.05. Results: The study confirmed that both groups met the inclusion criteria for non-diabetic status. The control group exhibited normal Hb levels, whereas the study group had Hb levels indicative of IDA. General and systemic examination findings were normal in both groups. Significant differences were observed across all measured parameters, with Hb levels, serum ferritin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb, mean corpuscular Hb concentration, and red cell distribution width significantly lower in the study group. HbA1c levels were significantly elevated in the study group compared to the control group (5.87 ± 1.25 vs. 4.97 ± 1.59, P &lt; 0.001), supporting the hypothesis that IDA is associated with elevated HbA1c levels in non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: The study’s findings align with previous research indicating that IDA leads to elevated HbA1c levels. The prolonged erythrocyte survival and altered Hb glycation processes in IDA are likely contributors to this elevation. These results emphasize the need to consider anemia status when interpreting HbA1c values to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate management of diabetes. Clinicians should ensure comprehensive evaluations, including iron status assessments when encountering unexpectedly high HbA1c levels in non-diabetic individuals.

The effect of iron deficiency anemia on myocardial function in pediatrics

BackgroundIron deficiency is one of the most common types of anemia in children. Anemia leads to tissue hypoxia, which activates compensatory mechanisms such as increased cardiac output. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a useful echocardiographic technique for evaluation of regional and global myocardial systolic and diastolic function. ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine whether iron deficiency anemia (IDA) affects myocardial function in pediatric patients using conventional echocardiography and TDI. MethodsThis case-control study was conducted at an outpatient general pediatric clinic in cooperation with the Cardiology Unit of the Pediatric Department of Fayoum University Hospital from May 2021 to February 2022. The study included 30 cases with IDA and 30 apparently healthy children. The two study groups were matched for age and sex. ResultsThere was an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), while the control group showed increased ejection time (ET). There was a statistically significant lower mean E/A ratio among cases. There was a positive correlation between serum iron levels, ET, and isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) among the cases. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between hemoglobin levels and LVEDD in the entire study group. No significant difference was found between the two study groups regarding the Tei index. ConclusionMinimal alterations in LV function parameters may occur due to IDA. A decrease in serum iron levels was significantly associated with further decreases in ET and IVCT. Additionally, there was a statistically significant lower mean E/A ratio among cases.

Evaluation of Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA2 Levels

Objective: To evaluate the effect of iron deficiency anemia on HbA2 levels. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Jan to Oct 2020. Methodology: A total of 206 subjects were included in the study out of which 56 served as healthy controls. Five milliliters of whole blood were extracted in an EDTA tube and basic haematological parameters were performed using automated hematology analyzer (Sysmex KX-21). HbA2 levels were determined by cellulose acetate hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH (Mini Hor-8). Serum Ferritin levels were measured by chemiluminescence on Cobas e411 and Serum Iron levels by spectrophotometric method using ferrozine (Cobas c501). Results: Mean hemoglobin in control group was 12.5±0.7 g/dL and in iron deficiency anemia group was 8.1±1.36 g/dL (p=0.01). Mean HbA2 level in control group was 2.69±0.24% and iron deficiency anemia group was 1.76±0.25 % (p=0.001). HbA2 levels were reduced in individuals having haemoglobin levels less than 10g/dL and remained unchanged/minimally changed with hemoglobin levels reaching near normal levels. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant association of HbA2 levels with degree of anemia and serum ferritin levels (p=0.001).

Impact of anemia on HbAC level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

HbA1c is one of the important laboratory markers of blood glucose levels monitoring over last 2-3 months. Studies have shown that many factors affect HbA1c levels, hence it is not the only investigation to diagnose diabetes mellitus. As both iron deficiency anaemia and diabetes mellitus are highly prevalent disorders, effect of iron deficiency anaemia on HbA1C need to be evaluated. Many factors such as haemolytic anaemia, vitamin deficiencies, pregnancy. Kidney disease, haemoglobin variants can affect HbA1C levels. This study had two groups of participants. Group 1 included diabetic patients with iron deficiency anaemia and group 2 included diabetic patients without iron deficiency anaemia. Significant correlation between HbA1C and iron deficiency anaemia has been found. PCV, MCH, MCHC, MCV are low in diabetics with Iron deficiency anaemia and high in diabetics without iron deficiency anaemia. Need for anaemia screening before treatment planning of diabetes based on HBA1C levels must be considered and for optimal diabetes control, treating anemia is necessary.

Assessment of Serum Electrolytes and Glycated Hemoglobin Level in Non-diabetic Iron-Deficient Anaemic Patients.

The WHO has recognised iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) as the most common nutritional deficiency in the world, with 30% of the population being affected by this condition. The patient's glycemic status during the past three months is shown by the glycated haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) test. According to several studies, iron deficiency can increase HbA1C levels without affecting blood sugar levels. HbA1C levels of≥6.5% have been approved by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) as a diagnostic indicator for diabetes mellitus (DM). An imbalance in serum electrolyte levels and anaemia havebeenlinked by several studies. Aim: To analyze the effect of iron deficiency anaemia on HbA1c levels and serum electrolytes in an adult non-diabetic population. This was a descriptive cross-sectional studyconducted in Shri BM Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India from January 2021 to June 2022. A total of 65 moderate to severe normoglycemic iron deficiency anemia patients between 18 to 75 years were enrolled in the studyafter fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. A detailed history, clinical and biochemical examination was performed including HbA1c levels. The results were pooled and statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). We found elevated HbA1c levels (5.67±1.1%) in non-diabetic iron-deficient anaemia individuals, and elevation was more in women of reproductive age group (30.8%). There was a statistically significant Spearman negative correlation between hemoglobin and HbA1C levels. Also, 16 patients had hyponatremia with a mean haemoglobin (Hb) of 4.8 g/dL and one patient had hyperkalemia with a mean Hb of 3.2 g/dL which was statistically non-significant. In this study haemoglobin and HbA1c had a statistically significant positive correlation with serum sodium and a negative correlation with serum potassium in moderate to severely iron-deficient anaemic patients, especially females of the reproductive age group.

Effect of iron deficiency anemia on blood levels of interleukin 6 and infection rates in children: a pilot study

Introduction: Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Iron activates the growth and differentiation of immune cells and cytokine actions. Interleukin 6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that stimulates the differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells and activates T lymphocytes. Our study aimed to evaluate the correlation between blood levels of iron and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its impact on infection rates in children. Materials and methods: The study included 36 children. The serum concentration of IL-6, iron, and morphology parameters from a venous blood sample were assessed. An anonymous survey of children’s parents was conducted regarding the frequency of infections before and after the diagnosis of anemia. Results: In the study group, the levels of IL-6 were higher than in the control group and showed greater variability between individual patients. There was a statistically significant, negative correlation between IL-6 and iron levels within the study group (p = 0.012), and a decrease in the number of viral diarrheas after the diagnosis of anemia compared to the state before diagnosis (p = 0.041). There was no statistically significant change in the number of colds or the mean duration of infection (p = 0.144, p = 0.498), nor in the incidence of other infectious diseases and antibiotics intake in the study group before and after iron deficiency anemia diagnosis (p = 0.500, p = 0.219). Conclusions: IL-6 might play a role in iron deficiency anemia. Increased levels of IL-6 were shown not to correspond with visible changes in rates and the course of colds, but did result in a reduction in the frequency of viral diarrhea. Further research on a larger group of carefully selected patients is required to determine the effect of anemia on the immune system.

Effects of Iron Deficiency Anemia and its Treatment on Ghrelins, Obestatin and Heat Shock Protein 70

The impact of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its treatment on increased levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in settings with higher tissue stress induced by both ghrelin, which is both an antioxidant and a food intake stimulant, and also obestatin with opposing effects were investigated. The association of pica with these parameters was also examined. The study included 28 patients with IDA and 28 healthy controls. While acyl ve des-acyl ghrelin values were lower (p&lt;0.05) in IDA. With treatment, ghrelin levels climbed. In IDA, obestatin levels were higher than the control values (p&lt;0.05). With the IDA treatment, acyl and des-acyl Ghrelin levels increased. Contrarily, obestatin values fell down. The concentration of HSP 70 in IDA and during its therapy was above control values. Acyl, des-acyl ghrelin, obestatin, and HSP70 levels were increased in the pica group. In the pica group obestatin/acyl ghrelin ratio was comparatively higher (p&lt;0.05). In IDA decrease in ghrelin and an increase in obestatin levels are observed, while HSP 70 remains the same. An increase in the obestatin/acyl ghrelin ratio might be responsible for the pica disorder.

Iron supplementation for iron-deficiency anaemia

Background: In recent years, iron supplementation has increased significantly because of the damaging systemic effects of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) being reported. The standard first-line therapy is oral iron tablets, with over 70% of recipients experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects. Methods: This recent review of high-quality literature compares the effectiveness and adverse effects of tablet and liquid forms of iron supplementation in patients with IDA. Findings: The evidence to date indicates that both forms of iron supplementation are equally effective. However, the literature consistently and strongly supports the use of the liquid form of iron supplementation (ferrous sulfate) over the tablet form (ferrous sulphate or ferrous fumarate) in terms of adverse effects. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals should consider recommending the use of liquid iron formulation for the management of IDA and switch patients to this form if they experience gastrointestinal adverse effects. This may help to effectively manage IDA.

Effects of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Pregnancy Outcome: A Single-Center Study

Background: Maternal anaemia especially iron deficiency anaemia has become a common problem worldwide. It is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth, low birth weight and increases incidence of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Hence, this study aimed to find the association between maternal iron deficiency anaemia and pregnancy outcome. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Kumudini Women's Medical College, Tangail, Bangladesh. The study was conducted during the period of July 2019-January 2020. A total of 93 pregnant women were found to be anemic through this whole trial. Result: In this study, 52% patients had mild level anaemia, 32% had moderate and 16% had severe anaemia. Patients who had severe anaemia significantly suffered from preeclampsia (46.7%), PPH (26.7%), need a blood transfusion during/within 24 hours of delivery (100%), prolonged labor (53.3%), fetal distress (53.3%), placenta praevia (86.7%), low birth weight (86.7%), preterm delivery (40.0%), stillbirth (13.3%) and early neonatal death (within 24 hours) (13.3%). All the complications were strongly associated with severity of anaemia (p value=0.000) except prolonged labour (p-value=0.04). Conclusion: This study concludes that iron deficiency anaemia has significant impact on pregnancy outcome. Hence, iron supplementation can be an effective way for improving IDA among the pregnant anaemic women. Also, proper antenatal care is important so that early detection and treatment of IDA can be possible.

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Hearing: Review Article

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Hearing: Review Article

Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Glycated Albumin Levels: A Comparative Study in Nondiabetic Subjects with Iron Deficiency Anemia.

Objective Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), used for monitoring glycemia control, is altered in iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Glycated albumin (GA) is considered an alternate biomarker to HbA1c. However, effect of IDA on GA needs to be studied. Materials and Methods Thirty nondiabetic cases with IDA and 30 healthy controls were included. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine, urea, albumin, total protein, ferritin, iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, hemoglobin (Hb), HbA1c, complete hemogram, and GA were estimated. Transferrin saturation and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired two-tailed t -test/Mann-Whitney U -test and Pearson's correlation/Spearman-rank correlation, as appropriate. Results Total protein, albumin, Hb, iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation were significantly lower while FPG, GA, TIBC, and HbA1c were significantly higher in cases compared to controls. HbA1C and GA have a significant negative correlation with iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin. Significant negative correlations of GA with albumin ( r = -0.754; p < 0.001) and Hb ( r = -0.435; p = 0.001) and that of HbA1c with albumin ( r = -0.271; p = 0.03) and Hb ( r = -0.629; p < 0.001) while significant positive correlation of Hb with albumin ( r = 0.395; p = 0.002) and HbA1c with FPG ( r = 0.415; p = 0.001) were observed. Conclusion Low albumin levels increase plasma protein glycation, including albumin. Hence, elevated GA levels indicate false elevation of GA in scenario of lowered albumin observed in IDA, similar to HbA1c. Thus, using GA in diabetes mellitus with IDA should be avoided or used with caution to prevent potentially inappropriate treatment intensification and risk of hypoglycemia.

In-hospital mortality rate and predictors of 30-day readmission in patients with iron deficiency anemia and diastolic heart failure: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: There is currently strong evidence of the adverse effects of anemia on the prognosis of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Unfortunately, the data on the effects of anemia on a large sample of patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF) is lacking. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of iron deficiency anemia on DHF readmission rates and its corresponding causes and burdens on the healthcare system. Methods: We utilized 2018 Nationwide readmission data and included patients aged ≥18 years with ICD-10 CM code indicating acute or acute chronic diastolic heart failure and iron deficiency anemia was included in the study. The primary outcome is 30-day readmission rates. Secondary outcomes were mortality rates, common causes of readmission, and healthcare utilization. Independent predictors for readmission were identified using cox regression analysis. Results: The total number of admissions in our study was 795,777. The mean age was 74.4 years (SD=13.7), and 63.54% were females. The 30-day readmission rate in patients with diastolic heart failure and iron deficiency anemia was 18.32 % vs. 16.01% in patients without anemia. The mortality rate at index admission and readmission was 3.62 % (2601) and 5.82 % (737), respectively. The most common cause of readmission was hypertensive heart and kidney disease with heart failure (17.74%). The independent predictors of readmission were age&lt;85 years, household income &lt;59000$/per year, Medicare and Medicaid insurance, higher Elixhauser comorbidities score, longer Length of stay during the index admission, discharge to a nursing home, hospital located in a large metropolitan area. The financial burden on healthcare for all the readmission was $837 million for 2018. Conclusion: The 30-day readmission rate in patients with diastolic heart failure and iron deficiency anemia is 18.32% in the year 2018. The mortality rate increased from 3.62 % to 5.82 % with readmission. The financial burden for readmission during that year was $837 million. Future studies are warranted to treat iron deficiency anemia to prevent readmissions in diastolic heart failure.

Залізодефіцитна анемія під час вагітності та наслідки, пов'язані з нею

Анотація: у статті узагальнено аргументи та контраргументи в рамках наукової дискусії щодо питання механізмів розвитку залізодефіцитної анемії. Основна мета цього дослідження це узагальнення інформації про вплив залізодефіцитної анемії під час вагітності та наслідків, пов’язаних з нею. Завдяки детальному вивченню літературних джерел, їхній систематизації та підходів до вирішення проблеми, було виявлено, що антенатальна анемія є фактором ризику материнської та перинатальної смертності, передчасних пологів, новонароджених з низькою масою тіла та післяпологових кровотеч. Анемія матері також може бути пов’язана з поганими результатами розвитку нервової системи дитини. Останні досягнення системного та плацентарного гомеостазу заліза можуть покращити терапевтичну ефективність шляхом зміни дози та частоти перорального прийому заліза. А внутрішньовенне введення заліза є безпечним засобом для швидкої корекції анемії матері. Актуальність дослідження даної патології полягає в тому, що вона багато в чому визначає перинатальну та материнську захворюваність. Однак, на сьогодні немає чіткого уявлення про особливості молекулярних та судинних механізмів залізодефіцитної анемії, тому це призводить до суперечностей у лікуванні таких вагітних жінок, що перешкоджає своєчасному, адекватному лікуванню та профілактиці. У дослідженні були використані методи бібліографічного та контент-аналізу літератури, семантичного групування, а також порівняльного підходу та синтезу відносно питань нових досліджень по особливостям механізмів розвитку залізодефіцитної анемії, гомеостазу заліза та поточних визначень ЗДА під час вагітності, несприятливі наслідки для матері та новонародженого, пов’язані з анемією, а також останні рекомендації щодо лікування ЗДА під час вагітності та післяпологового періоду. Офіційні документи, знайдені на веб-сайтах, були проаналізовані, а відповідна інформація згрупована та порівняна. В статті представлено результати досліджень, які засвідчили, що залізо відіграє ключову роль у нормальному і патологічному перебігу вагітності та впливає на розвиток новонародженого. Поглинання і метаболізм заліза суворо регулюються, і повне вивчення метаболізму заліза під час вагітності представляє інтерес для запобігання ускладнень у матері та плода. У цій роботі підкреслюється необхідність раннього виявлення дефіциту заліза. Крім того, є важливим лікувати дефіцит для забезпечення оптимального розвитку новонароджених. Наразі такі заходи, як пероральне або внутрішньовенне введення заліза, схоже, не працюють у масштабах, необхідних для досягнення цілей ВООЗ знизити поширеність анемії у жінок репродуктивного віку на 50%. Частково це може бути пов’язано з невизначеністю щодо того, як найкраще досліджувати, запобігати та лікувати материнську анемію. Розвиток нашого розуміння фізіології заліза привів до можливості значного покращення шляхом зміни стратегії дозування перорального заліза. Нові лабораторні показники заліза, такі як гепсидин, можуть в кінцевому підсумку допомогти керувати терапією дефіциту заліза, але нещодавнє дослідження не виявило жодної переваги від використання підходу скринінгу та лікування на основі гепсидину в порівнянні з рекомендованою схемою ВООЗ. Тому необхідні подальші дослідження щодо результатів, орієнтованих на пацієнта та економічної ефективності. Результати проведеного дослідження можуть бути корисними для лікарів первинної ланки, гінекологів, терапевтів.