Effects Of Trust In Institutions Research Articles

Analyzing Data on Students’ Institutional Trust and Its Impact on Emotional Wellbeing

Trust is an important aspect of institutional change initiatives. It reflects the overall practices of an institute. This study investigated the students’ effect of institutional trust on their emotional well-being. It was descriptive research in nature and for the collection of data survey method was used. The questionnaire is used to collect data from participants. The population of this study consisted of the students from University of Okara. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. The findings revealed that institutional trust greatly contributed to the progress of the institute. As well as it can effect positively the academic performance of the students. Recommendations were made that the role of leadership concerning the institution is central. Leaders have been described as the culture founders, their contribution or responsibility being the change of school culture by installing new values and beliefs. This means that the higher the academic reputation and public image of universities the greater is the chance of that university selected by potential students. Students studying in universities and colleges with high academic achievements and recognition expressed higher satisfaction levels than those institutions with relatively lower academic standing. There is always a challenge in branding private higher education institutions.

The effect of localized social capital on new firm formation at the regional level: a spatial lag explanatory (SLX) application

ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of localized social capital on new firm formation rates in Greek regions. It uses a path-dependent conceptual framework and spatial econometric techniques to further explain the importance of localized social capital effects on new firm formation rates at the regional level. The IV/2SLS time effects econometric results suggest that the basic components of social capital related to social networks, and social norms have positive and significant effects on new firm formation in a regional context. The impact of social trust is positive and insignificant while, in some cases, it turns to positive and significant. By contrast, the effect of institutional trust is always negative and significant. In addition, the application of a spatial lag explanatory model (SLX) reveals that the basic components of social capital, such as social networks, social trust, and social norms that go to three and five more neighbouring regions have an insignificant influence on new firm formation rates at the regional level. Therefore, the positive social capital effects on new firm formation in a regional context produced in this study appear to be localized remaining within regions.

What determines consumers' use of eco-labels? Taking a close look at label trust

Eco-labels are informational cues that transform credence into quasi-search attributes but their influence on consumer decision making is often disappointing. This paper identifies antecedents of trust in, and use of, eco-labels, validating a theoretical model with data for four publicly managed organic labels (the EU green leaf and three national labels from France, Germany and Serbia). Drawing on a large dataset of European consumers, the analysis reveals that the effect of institutional trust on use of an eco-label is mediated by trust in that eco-label. Trust in an eco-label positively affects use of that eco-label. Knowledge of third-party certification positively affects trust in, and use of, an eco-label. The results suggest that for eco-label managers wishing to increase consumer uptake of their labels, communicating third-party verification as is a critically important informational cue for enhancing consumer trust.

The Influence of Donors' Satisfaction on Donation Intention - Mediating Effect of Institutional Trust -

The Influence of Donors' Satisfaction on Donation Intention - Mediating Effect of Institutional Trust -

Institutional trust, political participation, and corruption: A European comparative perspective

Despite the theoretical and political importance of the relationship between institutional trust and different forms of political participation in Europe, theoretical and empirical focus on post-industrial economies leave the literature wanting of explanations of cross-national variation in political participation. In this article, we test whether levels of corruption influence the relationship between institutional trust and participation. We rely on the 9th wave of the European Social Survey results for an in-depth analysis of the relationship between institutional trust, political participation, and perceived corruption in 27 countries. The multilevel regression analysis results show that the effect of institutional trust on institutionalised political participation (including voting) is moderated by corruption. However, corruption does not moderate the relationship between institutional trust and non-institutionalised forms of participation.

Investigating the effect of trust in institutions on the decision of young people in selected MENA countries to opt for an informal economic activity: Algeria, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia

Several empirical studies have analysed the determinants of being in the informal sector. Most of these studies have focused on the effect of demographic and socio-economic factors such as level of education, regions of residence, skills acquired and gender and household characteristics such as parents’ education level. Other authors have found that institutional factors, such as corruption, regulations, legislation and tax burden can influence the decisions to undertake activities in the informal sector. More recent studies have also highlighted the effect of institutional trust (considered as informal institution) on the emergence of informality. This article attempts to explain the behaviour that motivates individuals to engage in the informal sector. It presents an empirical analysis of the determinants of being in informality for youth in the selected MENA countries (Algeria, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia) focusing on the effect of institutional trust. Our results confirm that the general level of young people’s trust in the different institutions is low. Furthermore, we note that youth’s trusts in institutions have a significant effect on the likelihood of being in informality. However, it seems to differ according to which institutions are considered and by which countries.

The effects of trust on life satisfaction in the context of WeChat use

Although WeChat is a popular mobile communication tool and social networking site (SNS) with over one billion monthly active users, the study regarding the third variable effects of the newly emerging SNS is relatively few. To investigate the joint effects of trust and WeChat use on life satisfaction, the current study explored the effects of trust on life satisfaction and examined the mediating role of intensity of WeChat use (IWU) and the perceived usefulness (PU) of WeChat on those effects. A sample of 463 undergraduate students participated in the study, and structural equation modeling was applied to examine the hypothesized model based on questionnaire data. Results showed the mediating role of the PU of WeChat on the positive effects of trust in institutions and IWU on life satisfaction. Trust in institutions exerted a direct and indirect positive effect on life satisfaction. IWU positively influenced life satisfaction only through the PU of WeChat. These findings contribute to knowledge on the effects of trust and the causes of life satisfaction.

Public perceptions of food-related risks: a cross-national investigation of individual and contextual influences

Public concerns about food risks have grown in recent decades in response to many food-related scandals. Despite some evidence that risk concerns vary across societies and risk domains, these variations remain understudied. To address this gap, this paper conducts a multi-level analysis of public concerns about biological and chemical/technical food risks in 26 European countries. Findings confirm previous work on individual predictors of risk concern and suggest that several contextual factors contribute to cross-national variations: aggregate perceptions of risks as unnatural, retail concentration in the food sector, and media coverage. The effect of institutional trust on risk concerns varies substantially across nations. Findings also reveal important differences in public concerns about biological versus chemical/technical food risks, supporting the view that food risk perception is multi-dimensional and complex.

Who Trusts Others? Community and Individual Determinants of Social Capital in a Low-Income Country

This study presents new evidence on individual and community-specific determinants of social trust using data from 96 villages in Bangladesh. We find perceived institutional trust to be positively correlated with stated inter-personal trust. At the same time, there is significant social distance among various faith groups in our data: both Hindus and Muslims trust their coreligionists more than they trust those from other religions. Moreover, Hindus trust Christians, Buddhists and NGO workers more than Muslims, and are not distrustful of the wider society.Trust towards non-Muslims is negatively correlated with Islamic school attendance among Muslim respondents, while religiosity tends not to play any role. Compared to religion, the effects of institutional trust and local economic development are modest. These findings are robust to control for a range of individual- and community-level correlates, and enumerator fixed effects.

Who Trusts Others? Community and Individual Determinants of Social Capital in a Low Income Country

This study presents new evidence on individual and community-specific determinants of social trust using data from 96 villages in Bangladesh. We find perceived institutional trust to be positively correlated with stated inter-personal trust. At the same time, there is significant social distance among various faith groups in our data: both Hindus and Muslims trust their coreligionists more than they trust those from other religions. Hindus in districts bordering India trust non-Hindus significantly less, compared to those in interior regions, which suggests that the results do not simply capture the effect of minority/majority status. Trust towards non-Muslims is negatively correlated with Islamic school attendance among Muslim respondents, while religiosity tends not to play any role. Compared to religion, the effects of institutional trust and local economic development are modest. These findings are robust to control for a range of individual- and community-level correlates, and enumerator fixed-effects.

Trusting the State, Trusting Each Other? The Effect of Institutional Trust on Social Trust

Trust in state institutions is a prominent explanation of social trust. However, previous—mainly cross-sectional—analyses provide limited causal evidence regarding the relationship between institutional trust and social trust and it is thus essentially unknown whether an observed relationship reflects reverse causality (social trust forming institutional trust), or both forms of trust reflecting deep-seated dispositions (common confounding). Against the backdrop of the shortcomings of previous cross-sectional analyses, this paper utilizes two Danish panel surveys containing measures of both types of trust for the same individuals surveyed at multiple points in time over a long time-span (up to 18 years) to address the potentially reverse and/or spurious relationship. Using individual fixed effects and cross-lagged panel models, the results provide strong evidence of trust in state institutions exercising a causal impact on social trust, whereas the evidence for a reverse relationship is limited.

Sustainable Consumers and the State: Exploring How Citizens' Trust and Distrust in Institutions Spur Political Consumption

This article addresses the role of institutional trust in motivating political consumers—i.e. people who use their consumer power to spur social change and buy goods on political, ethical and environmental grounds. In contrast to previous research, this article takes into consideration the domain-specific character of institutional trust and seeks to examine (a) the effects of trust in institutions working in the policy domain of sustainable development and (b) evaluations of state performance in issues of sustainable development. Data from a national survey conducted in Sweden in 2009 show that political consumers are characterized by a selective trust and selective discontent rather than indiscriminate feelings towards the state and its public authorities. More precisely, the level of general trust for national representative institutions had no effect at all on the level of political consumerism. However, dissatisfaction with governmental performance in the environmental human rights and combating of poverty areas mobilize people to shop politically at the same time as high trust in public agencies dealing with environment, and sustainable development also seems to promote political consumerism.

Institutional Trust As a Determinant of Anxiety During the SARS Crisis in Hong Kong

SUMMARY The SARS crisis of 2003 in Hong Kong generated widespread public fear and escalated the efforts of government and medical institutions for infection control. As such, the role of the government and medical institution in preventing public fear and anxiety became prominent. As hypothesized, trust in the institutions is especially relevant to public fear and anxiety during the epidemic crisis. For testing hypotheses involving the role of institutional trust, a telephone survey during the crisis in April 2003 and another telephone survey after the crisis in June 2003 drew data from 9,402 Hong Kong adults for analysis. Results indicate the significant negative effects of trust in the government and trust in the medical institution on anxiety. Supporting the aforementioned hypothesis the effect of institutional trust in the government was significantly more negative on anxiety during the crisis than its aftermath. Hence, the government and medical institution are particularly responsible for anxiety reduction during the crisis.