Effect Of Human Development Index Research Articles

Frailty and Health-Related Quality of Life Among European Older Adults: The Moderating Effect of Human Development Index

ABSTRACT The Human Development Index (HDI) is a proxy for the social and economic level of countries, which is related to the health and well-being of older adults. This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of the HDI on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life among European older adults. Participants were 23,972 older adults (53.2% female, M = 74.2 years old, SD = 6.75 years old) from 24 European countries, joining wave 8 (2020) of the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Multilevel modeling was used to analyze nested data. Significant differences in health-related quality of life among the several European Union countries were observed (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.18, LRT (1) = 5568.07, p < .001). The HDI has been shown to moderate the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life among older adults, buffering the impact of frailty on the health-related quality of life. Since healthy aging is a priority for the European Union, policies mitigating the impact of HDI on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life should be implemented.

Analysis of the Influence of Human Development Index and Infrastructure Development on Improving Economic Inequality in Papua Province (Case Study of Eight Districts la Pago Customary territory)

Puspose: This study aims to analyze the effect of human development index and Infrastructure development (road length, health facilities, education facilities, housing facilities, lighting facilities, clean water facilities, per capita income) on improving economic inequality as measured by general public for the period 2013-2022. Method: Secondary data is needed to provide an explanation or answer to the research question. The data analysis model used in this study uses a panel data model with a linear regression approach (OLS). Result and Conclusion: The results showed that HDI (X1) had a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0374 &lt; 0,05. Road length (X2) has a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0034 &lt; 0,05. Health facilities (X3) have a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0079 &lt; 0,05 . Educational facilities (X4) negatively affect the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,1261 &gt; 0,05. Housing facilities (X5) have a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0239 &lt; 0,05. Electric lighting facilities (X6) have a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0017 &lt; 0,05. Clean water facilities (X7) have a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0131 &lt; 0,05. GRDP per capita (X8) has a positive effect on the gini ratio (Y), with a value of Prob. = 0,0349 &lt; 0,05. Implication of Research: Based on the results of the analysis above, the districts/cities included in Hierarchy I are Jayawijaya Regency and Pegunungan Bintang Regency. In Hierarchy II there are Nduga Regency and Yalimo Regency. In Hierarchy III there are Yahukimo Regency, Lani Jaya Regency, Central Mamberamo Regency and Tolikara Regency. Originality/Value: This shows that Jayawijaya Regency and Pegunungan Bintang Regency are attractive areas for residents to carry out activities in the region due to the availability of various economic, social and government facilities. People who come to the area can get their various needs in close proximity. People will come there for shopping, schooling, and more. This is an attraction for the area to be visited, thus increasing the volume of transactions.

Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB), and Number of Labor Force on Poverty in North Sumatra Province

This research aims to determine the influence of HDI, PDRB, and the Number of Labor Force on poverty absorption in the province of North Sumatra both simultaneously and partially in 2008-2023. This study uses time series data with multiple linear regression analysis methods using E-Views version 12 application. This research explains that partially, the human development index (HDI) variable has a negative and significant influence on poverty in North Sumatra Province, the gross regional domestic product (PDRB) variable has a negative and insignificant influence on poverty in North Sumatra Province, the variable number of labor force has a positive and insignificant influence. While simultaneously, the human development index (HDI), gross regional domestic product (PDRB) and the number of labor force simultaneously have a significant effect on poverty in North Sumatra Province.

The Effect of Investment and Human Development Index on Economic Growth In Jember Regency In 2010-2020

Economic growth as a process of increasing output over time, becomes an important indicator in measuring the success of a country's development. This research is a correlational study that aims to determine the effect of investment on economic growth in Jember Regency, and the effect of human development index on economic growth in Jember Regency during 2010-2020. The analysis method used multiple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) econometric model with the help of Eview 10. The results of this study show that investment has a positive and insignificant effect on economic growth in Jember Regency while the human development index has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Jember Regency.

ANALISIS PENGARUH INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA, JUMLAH TENAGA KERJA, RASIO KETERGANTUNGAN DAN RASIO JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2015-2021

Economic growth is a long-term problem that is always faced by a country. Central Java Province is a province that has a low economic growth rate among other provinces on the island of Java. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of human development index, total labor, dependency ratio and sex ratio on economic growth in Central Java in 2015-2021. The analytical tool used is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) panel data regression. The data used is secondary data from 35 districts / cities in Central Java. The results showed that the human development index, the number of workers and the sex ratio had a positive effect on economic growth in Central Java, while the dependency ratio had a negative effect on economic growth in Central Java.

PENGARUH INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DAN PENGANGGURAN TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO DI PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of human development index (HDI)and unemployment on gross regional gross domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the period of 2010 - 2019. This research used quantitative research. The source of data used in this research was secondary data, that is time series and obtained from the official website of the Central Statistics Agency of South Sulawesi Province The data collection technique used is the documentation technique. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis model which is supported by classical assumption test and hypothesis test.The result showed that the human development index has a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the 2010-2019 period. Human development made a relatively large contribution to increasing productivity. When the human development index rises, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province will increase. Meanwhile, unemployment has a negative effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province for the 2010-2019 period. When unemployment rises, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in South Sulawesi Province will decrease

The Effect of Human Development Index on Corruption in ASEAN Countries

The Effect of Human Development Index on Corruption in ASEAN Countries

Global patterns in urban green space are strongly linked to human development and population density

Urban green space is important for alleviating high temperatures, pollution, and flooding in cities. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that urban green space is important for the mental and physical health of humans residing in cities and that urban green space may harbor unique biodiversity. Understanding the extent and drivers of urban green space is thus important. While urban green space has been mapped and studied at local to national scales, the global patterns and drivers of urban green space remain unknown, potentially hampering effective planning and allocation of resources toward reaching sustainable development goals. Here, we quantified the effect of environmental and socio-economic drivers (temperature, precipitation, human development, and population density) on urban green space globally by focusing on national capital cities. We used satellite imagery to map urban green space using two measures: the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and the fractional cover of “green” land cover classes. NDVI is useful as it includes all vegetated surfaces, also small ones like gardens. However, land cover classes allow the exclusion of certain classes such as sports fields or cropland. We used boosted regression trees to show that climatic variables accounted for 75 % of the relative influence in urban green space, with a positive effect of precipitation and a negative effect of temperature. Importantly, socioeconomic variables accounted for 25 % of the influence on global urban green space, with a positive effect of human development index (HDI) and a negative effect of population density. HDI in relation to urban green space has not previously been tested globally, and our study shows that significantly affects urban greenspace. The results demonstrate that cities where development status is low and population densities are high, typically in the Global South, have less urban green space than the climate would predict. The results therefore suggest that human wellbeing does not only benefit directly from increasing human development and decreasing population densities in urban areas, but that these effects may be compounded by also improving nature’s contribution to people.

The Effect of Human Development Index on Obesity Prevalence at the Global Level: A Spatial Analysis.

Obesity is one of the major public health concerns, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effect of human development index on the prevalence of obesity across 152 countries. Country-level data on obesity prevalence and its influencing variables related to 152 countries were obtained during 2000-2019 from several sources. A Spatial Bayesian Hierarchical model was employed in this research, and the analyses were performed using R statistical software (version 3.6.1). We found a positive relation between HDI and obesity prevalence, in such a way if low HDI countries advance to high HDI countries, the obesity rate is expected to increase significantly by 7.45%. Moreover, the association between obesity prevalence and the percentage of people aged 40-59 (β=0.07), urbanization rate (β=0.11), percentage of internet users (β=0.01), percentage of alcohol users (β=0.16), milk consumption per capita (β=0.15) and Percentage of depression (β=0.58) was significantly positive. Conversely, per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables (β=-0.15), and smoking rate (β=-0.02) was negatively associated with obesity prevalence. The prevalence of obesity is growing across all countries, especially in the countries with high and very high HDI. Therefore, policymakers must also pay attention to the negative effects of development when trying to improve the welfare of society.

Analysis Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK), Investment and Unemployment Rate on the Number of Poor People in Bali Province in 2012-2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of the human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate on the number of poor people in Bali Province in 2012-2021. The analysis tool used is panel data regression. Panel data is a combination of time series and cross sections. Research data in the form of secondary data includes the human development index(HDI), regency/city minimum wage(UMK), investment, unemployment rate and the number of poor people obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results showed that the best model chosen was the fixed effect model (FEM). Based on the analysis of the FEM model, it shows that the human development index, the regency/city minimum wage affects the number of poor people in Bali province in 2012-2021. Meanwhile, investment variables and unemployment rate do not affect the number of poor people in Bali province. The coefficient of determination 0,9429 means that 94,29% of the variable variation in the number of poor people in Bali province can be explained by the variables of human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate. The remaining 5,71% is explained by other free variables that are not included in the model.

Foreign Direct Investment: Does it Increase Economic Growth?

Economic growth is one indicator of development. Factors that are thought to be capable of influencing economic growth include the human development index, income, poverty, investment, and unemployment. So it needs to be analyzed to achieve sustainable development. This study aims to analyze the effect of human development index, income, poverty, investment, and unemployment on economic growth. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with panel data regression analysis. The data consists of six provinces on the island of Java starting from 2010-2021. The results of the study show that the development, income and unemployment indices have a negative and significant effect on economic growth, while the poverty and investment variables do not have a significant effect on economic growth. The government must be able to allocate an efficient budget that has a direct impact on economic growth both in the long term and in the short term. For the government to be able to focus more on policies on human development and expanding employment opportunities to be able to overcome economic growth in Java.

The Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Economic Growth, and Open Unemployment Rate on Poverty in Bojonegoro Regency

The Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Economic Growth, and Open Unemployment Rate on Poverty in Bojonegoro Regency

European motor insurance demand: a spatial approach of its effects and key determinants

The expansion of the European Union has intensified road traffic from, at least, two perspectives: it increased free mobility of people and goods, along with structural funds available for infrastructure improvement. Consequently, connections between regions/countries have improved, and a spatial diffusion effect is seen in the car transportation behaviour. We study the effect of Human Development Index (HDI) along with other important socio-economic, demographic and institutional factors on the motor insurance market in 31 European countries. Simultaneously, we evaluate if the crucial spatial diffusion effect is present on the European motor insurance market. Findings reveal that HDI, urbanization and car fleet positively impact the motor insurance market, while unemployment and population density exhibit an opposite effect. Overall, results are robust to a set of additional control factors, but sensitive relative to institutional factors and emerging and former communist countries group. Estimations confirm the assumption of spatial diffusion, while the assessment of the direct and indirect effects shows that most of the factors internally impact the dependent variable, and an international effect is at work for the HDI. Our findings may enhance the understanding of the European motor insurance market and provide some valuable insights from a policy perspective.

Alcohol brings burdens: A global and continent wise study on alcohol consumption and global burden of diseases.

This article investigates alcohol consumption attributable burden of diseases. The present study considers the overall effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Socio Demographic Index (SDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for income to measure how these variables impact Global Burden of Diseases (GDB), bringing a different perspective to the results. Data from over 177 countries mainly including European, Asian, North American, South American, African and Australian regions were analysed from 2000 to 2019. A Panel regression technique was applied, and Fixed Effects (FE) and Random Effects (RE) estimations were chosen to derive outcomes of the Hausman test. The findings reflected that alcohol consumption (wine, beer, spirit and other alcohol) has a positive significant relationship with the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) globally and in the African continent excluding North America and South America. Human Development Index (HDI) have a negative impact on GBD on all countries. Particularly HDI have a negative impact on GBD in African continent except other continents. Also, in the African continent and globally, GBD has a significant positive and in Europe, a significant negative impact on the Socio Demographic Index (SDI). The findings demonstrate the overall picture of the impact of alcohol consumption and other variables on GBD and provide suggestions on how these variables should be tackled in the future to reduce GBD. This is the initial empirical study that investigates the impact of alcohol consumption, analysing the combined effect of HDI, SDI and income on the GBD of continent wise and globally.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ВПЛИВУ ОСВІТИ ТА ВВП НА РІВЕНЬ ВАКЦИНАЦІЇ НАСЕЛЕННЯ

The article notes the relationship between the economic growth and crisis caused by COVID-19. A comparison of world GDP growth rates since 1996 till 2020 is made. The main economic indicators in Ukraine are analyzed, the dynamics of which confirm the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on economic growth. The impact of the pandemic on small and medium-sized businesses is reflected. The dynamics of the global PMI indicator as an indicator that characterizes the state of the economy in the manufacturing sector is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the role of vaccination in stabilizing world economies. Besides, the level of vaccination in Ukraine is analyzed in comparison with European countries. It is found that the highest level of vaccination is in Western Europe. The need for the analysis of high levels vaccination determinants is substantiated. The purpose of the article is to analyze the association of COVID-19 vaccination rate and macro-socioeconomic measures, in particular gross domestical product and human development index, using a daily database of vaccinations for a sample of 47 countries over the period January 2020 to December 2021. In order to largely capture the vaccination determinants, we also included population density, number of hospital beds, prevalence of diabetes, number of people of retirement age and life expectancy. Examining the regressors of vaccination rates, we find a strong effect of human development index. Identifying the problem of endogeneity in the model, we also find evidence of an unexpected impact of GDP per capita on vaccination rates through the level of education. Finally, the results confirm the hypotheses that education is relevant for campaign expansion, and financial strength of economies is forcing them to higher vaccination rates.

Global pattern of trends in incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratio rates related to liver cancer, 1990–2019: a longitudinal analysis based on the global burden of disease study

BackgroundLiver cancer (LC) is considered as one of the most dominant malignant tumors which ranked 4th and 6th in terms of global mortality and incidence, respectively. This work aimed to investigate the global temporal trends in LC mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) and its components, with a particular focus on examining long-term effect of human development index (HDI) on these metrics in a 30-year follow-up.MethodsThe age-standardized LC incidence and mortality data were derived from the global burden of disease (GBD) study 2019. We first leveraged joinpoint piecewise linear regression analysis to ascertain time trends in LC incidence, mortality, and MIR complement [1-MIR] and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of the rates over the period 1990–2019. Then, the association between the metrics and HDI was explored through longitudinal multilevel models (LMMs).ResultsThe incidence rates paralleled the mortality rates worldwide and they had similar significant monotonic decrementing trends with AAPC values of − 1.10% (95% confidence interval (CI): − 1.40, − 0.90%) and − 1.40% (− 1.50, − 1.30%), respectively from 1990 to 2019. The [1-MIR] rates were around 0 and showed an increasing pattern from 1.70 to 8.10 per 100,000 people (AAPC, 4.90%) at the same period of time. Results from the LMMs displayed that the majority of the variation lies at the country level accounted for about 88% of the total variance. Moreover, our analysis supported that the HDI was negatively associated with either incidence or mortality over time (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings highlighted that the global long-term temporal trends of LC incidence and mortality decreased slightly during 1990–2019 which may reflect improved therapeutic strategies and public health interventions. Besides, the low rates of [1-MIR] revealed the five-year relative survival rate was poor implying LC is diagnosed late in its development. Thereby, the policymakers’ focus must be on early screening and detection of liver cancer.

The Effect of Human Development Index (HDI) on Poverty and Crime in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

The strategic problem faced by West Kalimantan Province is the problem of the high poverty rate. Compared to other provinces in Indonesia, the poverty rate in West Kalimantan is still relatively high. The human development index (HDI) in West Kalimantan has indeed increased yearly, but this increase is followed by relatively high poverty and crime. Based on the background described, the main problem in this study is the influence of HDI on poverty and crime in West Kalimantan. This study uses quantitative and descriptive approach as the method with multiple linear and panel data regression analyses. The results of this study are poverty with HDI has a negative relationship. Weather crime shows a positive relationship with HDI. In other word, HDI has an acceptable influence on crime. Moreover, poverty has a negative relationship to crime, meaning that if poverty increases by 1 percent, crime will decrease. The result of this research can be a basis for general considerations in dealing with poverty and reducing the number of crimes by improving the population’s quality as indicated by the HDI. All stakeholders’ effort needed to strengthen human quality by implementing programs in tackling poverty. For further research, this study suggests using an approach to the real conditions of poverty.

The Effect of Human Development Index and Net Participation Rate on the Percentage of Poor Population: A Case Study in Riau Province, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the factors that can affect the percentage of poverty in the province of Riau Indonesia. This study using variables that are considered to affect the Poverty Percentage, namely; Human Development Index and Net Participation Rate. By using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, the results of the study concluded that the Human Development Index and the Pure Participation Rate of Riau Province on the Poverty Percentage were 83.6 percent while the rest were still influenced by other variables. This study uses secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Riau Province by looking at 12 districts in Riau Province. This study uses quantitative research where the data analysis technique uses SPSS software. Hopefully, in the future, there will be research that looks at other factors that cause poverty levels in the Riau province of Indonesia.

The Correlation of SDG 1 and 8 and Spatial Effect of Human Development Index in Central Java

Human Development Index (HDI) is the approach to measure socio-economics since 1990. Furthermore, integrating socio-economics with the environment brings the development of Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). The relations between human development and sustainable development are complementary to build a better society. However, by 2020, the growth of HDI in Indonesia starts slowing down during Covid-19 to only 0,03% from the previous year. Central Java is one of the provinces that can still manage the HDI growth higher than Indonesia. This study aims to find the SDG 1 and 8 factors that affect HDI in Central Java with the spatial econometrics method to analyze the spatial dependency in variables. The variables of SDG 1 and 8 in this study are Ln Poverty Line, Ln GDRP per capita, unemployment, and poverty rate. This study shows that the SDG 1 and 8 variables have significant results and implicates spatial effects through Spatial Lag in the HDI of Central Java. The implication of this study is to encourage collaborative action in strengthening the implementation of SDGs and improving the HDI of the regions and cities in Central Java.

The Effect of Human Development Index, Ease of Doing Business, Corruption, and Distribution of ZIS Funds on Indonesia's Economic Growth

This study aims to determine the influence of the human development index on economic growth, ease of doing business on economic growth, corruption on economic growth, and distribution of zakat, infaq, and sedekah funds on economic growth in Indonesia. The method used in this research is quantitative with the type of associative research with the sample used is quarterly data with a 10-year observation period, so the data used is 40 sample data. The type of data used is secondary data. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression with an analytical tool that is SPSS. The results of the study show that: (1) the human development index has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (2) ease of doing business has a significant positive effect on economic growth; (3) corruption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (4) distribution of zakat funds, infaq, sedekah has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (5) human development index, ease of doing business, corruption, and distribution of zakat funds, infaq, sedekah have a positive and significant effect on economic growth.