The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cover type (control, agro-textile or perforated plastic film) and harvest date (60 or 75 days after planting and at full physiological maturity) on the yield, quality and cost-effectiveness of early harvest potato cultivation. The study was conducted in the years 2008–2011, at the Gorzyń Experimental-Education Laboratory for Soil and Plant Cultivation, Gorzyń Branch, part of the University of Natural Sciences in Poznań. The experiment was set up in a split-plot randomized block design with four replications. Covers increased the total and marketable tuber yields at early harvest dates, in particular on the 60th day after planting, compared to the reference. Tubers cultivated under covers were also found to contain higher amounts of dry matter and starch than those which were not covered. The proportion of tuber fractions with a diameter between 4.6 and 5.5 cm and above in the total yield was found to be strongly dependent on cover type. The proportion of these fractions was significantly lower under plastic film than under Agro-textile. Over the 3 years cycle, high gross margins were achieved on the 60th and 75th days after planting with perforated film and agro-textile.