Effect Of Foreign Ownership Research Articles

Corporate Social Responsibility, Ownership Structure, and Firm Value: Evidence from Korea

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value in the context of ownership structure. Specifically, our study explores whether large shareholder and foreign shareholder ownership play an important role in the CSR–firm value relationship. Using a sample of 48 firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) between 2010 and 2014, we find that CSR is positively associated with firm value. We further find that the relationship between CSR and firm value is weaker in firms with high large shareholder ownership than in firms with low large shareholder ownership. However, we find no evidence of the effect of foreign ownership on the relationship between CSR and firm value. This study sheds light on the importance of ownership structure in the relationship between CSR and firm value, suggesting significant implications for academics, practitioners, and policymakers. We contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the effect of ownership structure on the CSR–firm value relationship. Policymakers may consider these results in implementing their policies that can enhance CSR activities.

The dual-edged role of returnee board members in new venture performance

This study examines how returnee board members influence new venture performance. By analyzing data from 103 new ventures in China, the study finds that there is an inverse U-shaped relationship between the proportion of returnee board members and new venture performance. It also finds that foreign ownership negatively moderates and that slack resources positively moderate the effect of the proportion of returnee board members on new venture performance. In addition, a significant three-way interaction shows that slack resources weaken the negative effect of foreign ownership on the relationship of returnee board members to new venture performance. This study enriches the body of knowledge in new venture and emerging economics literature.

Establishment Productivity Convergence and the Effect of Foreign Ownership at the Frontier

I estimate establishment level total factor productivity (TFP) convergence using panel data from India’s manufacturing sector from 2001-2015. I examine the presence of foreign owned establishments within each industry’s productivity frontier, and allow for the speed of productivity convergence to differ based on the ownership composition of the frontier. While I find statistically and quantitatively significant overall conditional convergence to the frontier, I show that convergence to the foreign owned component of the frontier is markedly slower. This result suggests differences in the nature of technology transfer from highly productive domestic and foreign firms. I argue my general approach reconciles the previously disconnected findings of negligible spillovers from foreign direct investment in developing countries, despite evidence of positive productivity convergence and the substantial presence of foreign firms in the productivity frontier.

The effect of corporate governance on firms’ decent work policies in Japan

It is often argued that globalization of financial markets leads to change in firms’ human resource practices and employees’ well‐being. To examine the effect of corporate governance on employees’ well‐being, we examine the determinants of firm policies on decent work. Decent work was proposed as a goal by the International Labour Organization, and includes such dimensions as ‘work in conditions of freedom’, ‘equity in work’ and ‘security in work’. We develop a scoring system for firms’ policies on decent work using data on 1258 of Japan's listed firms in 2015. Using this unique dataset, we examine the effect of foreign ownership and outside director ratio on these scores. There is a positive relationship between these corporate mechanisms and firms’ policies. It is suggested that decent work may be promoted by a change in corporate governance.

Transplanting corporate culture across international borders: Foreign direct investment and female employment in Japan

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of foreign ownership on gender‐related employment outcomes and work practices in Japan. The data indicate that the proportion of females among workers, managers, directors and board members is higher in foreign affiliates than in domestic firms of comparable size operating in the same industry. Foreign affiliates are also more likely to offer flexible working arrangements, telecommuting and childcare subsidies as well as employ foreign workers. These effects are visible almost exclusively in older affiliates. The analysis of foreign acquisitions combining propensity score matching with a difference in differences suggests that increase in the female labour share takes place a few years after the ownership change. All these patterns are in line with the view that it takes time to transplant corporate culture to an overseas affiliate.

Foreign Ownership and Skillbiased Technological Change

We conduct an empirical investigation into the effects of foreign ownership on worker skills using firm-level data from Spain. To control for endogeneity bias due to selection into foreign ownership, we combine a difference-in-differences approach with a propensity score weighting estimator. Our results provide novel evidence that foreign-acquired firms actively raise the skills of their workforce in response to the acquisition by hiring high-skilled workers and providing worker training. To pin down the mechanism, we exploit unique information on whether firms use their foreign parent in exporting to foreign markets. Our results suggest a fundamental role for market access through the foreign parent in explaining skill upgrading in foreign-acquired firms. We reveal substantial productivity gains within foreign-acquired firms and we show that these gains derive from a concurrent effort to raise worker skills and adopt more advanced technology, suggesting a skill bias in technological innovations. We develop a simple theoretical model of foreign ownership featuring technology-skill complementarities in production that can rationalize our findings.

Foreign ownership and firm-level stock return volatility in Taiwan

With the increasing presence of foreign investors and their importance in the stock markets, the authors investigate the effects of foreign ownership on stock return volatility by using Taiwanese firm-level data covering a period from 1994 to 2014. The results demonstrate that foreign ownership is negatively correlated with stock return volatility during the whole sample period, the so-called stabilizing effect. For the sub-sample test, this effect is the largest during the period 2002–2007, the years following Taiwan joins WTO. However, the stabilizing effect did not exist after the global financial crisis in 2008 and recent years. The results are also robust after correcting the potential endogeneity issue.

Are some owners better than others in Czech privatized firms? Even meta-analysis can’t make us perfectly sure

Abstract We use a total of 1171 estimates extracted from 34 previous studies and perform a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between ownership structures and firm performance in Czech mass-privatized firms. We find that, in contrast to the remarkable effect of foreign ownership on firm performance and restructuring activities, domestic private entities were incapable of outperforming the state as owners of Czech companies. Our assessment of publication selection bias, however, indicates that the collected estimates do not contain genuine evidence for many types of corporate ownership. Further development and improvement in this study area are necessary to capture the true effect. Finally, we also point out the importance to draw (meta-analysis) inferences based on studies that employ adequate methodology.

Moderating role of firms’ rank in ASEAN corporate governance scorecard on effect of foreign ownership on firm value

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peringkat perusahaan berdasarkan ASEAN corporate governance scorecard, sebagai variabel pemoderasi, atas pengaruh kepemilikan asing terhadap nilai perusahaan di ASEAN. Sample penelitian terdiri dari 491 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di pasar modal Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia tahun 2012-2013. Dengan analisis white-regression, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa peringkat 50 tertinggi ASEAN corporate governance scorecard memoderasi pengaruh kepemilikan asing terhadap nilai perusahaan. Skor tinggi ASEAN corporate governance scorecard; sebagai peningkatan hak pemegang saham, kesetaran pemegang saham, peran pemangku kepentingan, pengungkapan dan transparansi, serta tanggung jawab dewan; meningkatkan peran pemegang saham asing dalam meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Manajemen dapat membuat kebijakan mengenai kepemilikan asing juga corporate governance yang optimal, sehingga manajemen dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan pemegang saham melalui peningkatan nilai perusahaan. Investor yang tertarik berinvestasi di luar negeri, khususnya di ASEAN, harus memperhatikan kondisi corporate governance perusahaan, sehingga kesejahteraan investor dapat meningkat. Kata Kunci: ASEAN corporate governance scorecard, kepemilikan asing, nilai perusahaan.

Former Foreign Affiliates: Cast Out and Outperformed?

The literature has documented a positive effect of foreign ownership on firm performance. But is this effect due to a one-time knowledge transfer or does it rely on continuous injections of knowledge? To shed light on this question we focus on divestments, that is, foreign affiliates that are sold to local owners. To examine the effect of the ownership change we combine a difference-in-differences approach with propensity score matching.We use plant-level panel data from the Indonesian Census of Manufacturing covering the period 1990-2009. We consider 157 cases of divestment, where a large set of plant characteristics is available two years before and three years after the ownership change and for which observationally similar control plants exist. The results indicate that divestment is associated with a drop in total factor productivity accompanied by a decline in output, markups, as well as export and import intensities. The findings are consistent with the benefits of foreign ownership being driven by continuous supply of headquarter services from the foreign parent.

Does foreign ownership impact accounting conservatism adoption in Vietnam

This study investigates the effects of foreign ownership on accounting conservatism adoption in Vietnam. Although foreign ownership is found to have a positive relationship with accounting conservatism in Korea (An, 2015), there is still no general agreement on it. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to shed more light on the association between foreign ownership and accounting conservatism. Using data from Vietnamese firms listed on stock exchanges, the study finds that in contrast to the findings of An, foreign ownership is negatively associated with accounting conservatism. This result supports the transient hypothesis of foreign ownership, indicating that foreign investors with the low level of ownership do not have significant incentives to oversee managers, thus not influencing financial reporting quality.

The Study on Effects of Foreign Ownership on Innovation

In developing countries, government actively promotes foreign investment in order to adapt the new and latest technology. This leads to greater R&D activities, thus this creates knowledge and technology spillover. In this paper, we look at Korea where the R&D has been the main factor of rapid growth. We study the effects of foreign ownership on technological performance by looking at 756 R&D intensive Korean firms from 1999 to 2009. We look the number of applied and registered patents are dependent variables (as a technological performance) and observe statistically significant and positive correlation with foreign ownership due to three main reasons: (a) knowledge and technology spillover, (b) relatively more risk-taking investment behavior of institutional investors, and (c) cherry-picking strategy of investing in firms that perform well. Furthermore, we also observe the R&D expenditure has a strong and positive correlation with the number of applied and registered patents, and R&D expenditure could serve as a proxy variable for technologically advanced industries. Lastly, we observe that the coefficients increase for applied and registered patents for different technology index sub-groups.

Foreign ownership and stock price synchronicity: evidence from Turkey

This study investigates the impact of foreign ownership structure on the flow of firm specific information to stock prices in Turkey. This paper will be first to examine the relationship between ownership and stock price synchronicity in Turkey. We examine the effects of foreign ownership on the amount of firm specific information incorporated into share prices, as measured by stock price synchronicity, for listed firms in Borsa Istanbul 100 Index over the 2009–2014 period. We support the view that the R squared value in one of the emerging stock markets, Turkey is relatively high. We hypothesize and show that stock price synchronicity is lower for firms which have more foreign ownership ratios. That supports more firm specific information is incorporated into stock prices as the ratio of foreign ownership increases

Institutional proximity and the size and geography of foreign direct investment spillovers: Do European firms generate more favourable productivity spillovers in the European Union neighbourhood?

The European Union (EU) association framework provides European businesses with an entry advantage into the associated countries by facilitating production links and encouraging institutional convergence. It is believed that this has multiple beneficial effects for the associated countries, including ones related to productivity spillovers accruing to domestic firms. However, no empirical evidence exists to show that the presence of European firms produces larger productivity spillovers in recipient economies compared to firms from other world regions. We examine this question using firm-level data covering 28 transition countries over the period 2002–2009. We estimate the intra-industry productivity effects of foreign ownership and examine how these differ across regional blocks (Central and Eastern Europe, South East Europe and European Neighbourhood Policy), by origin of investor (EU15 versus non-EU15), across geographical scales (national versus regional) and for different types of locations (capital-city regions versus the rest). Our results suggest that investments of EU origin play a distinctive role, helping raise domestic productivity in the associated countries unlike investments from outside the EU. However, this process operates in a spatially selective manner, potentially enhancing regional disparities and spatial imbalances. This assigns a particular responsibility for EU policy to devise interventions that will help redress these problems within its existing association framework.

The effect of foreign ownership on financial performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)

The Regulation of Bank Indonesia (PBI) 2000 which states that foreign investors are allowed to take control of ownership up to 99% of domestic banks in Indonesia has been in a long debate, especially by academics. Some studies prove that the existence of foreign ownership brings benefit, but on other hand, it does not bring any benefit. The purpose of this study is to provide evidence related to the effect of foreign own-ership on financial performance of banking companies listed on IDX measured by Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Equity (ROE), and Non-Performing Loans (NPLs). The testing involved the samples of 14 banking issuers whose ownership was dominated by foreign investors. The data, 2 years before and after the presence of foreign ownership, were used to get the results related to the effect of foreign ownership on financial performance of banking com-panies in Indonesia. The results of this study show that there is a significant in-crease in LDR, there is an insignificant increase in CAR, there is an insignificant decrease in ROE, and there is a significant decrease in NPLs after the presence of foreign ownership on the banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Ex-change.

The effects of foreign ownership on competition in the banking industry: The key role of financial reforms

This study examines the impact of foreign ownership on bank competition and discusses whether the relation changes with various proxies of financial reform. We contribute to the extant literature by using the bank-level ratio of foreign ownership and applying five individual sub-indices of financial reforms from 50 countries. Within the emerging Asia and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, our findings show that a higher ratio of foreign ownership in a bank can enhance competition, whereas a liberalization policy on banking supervision instead mitigates this positive relation between foreign ownership and competition. Conversely, the liberalization on bank privatization in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries significantly increases competition. Thus, financial reforms do matter to the foreign ownership-bank competition nexus.

The Study on Effects of Foreign Ownership on Technological Performance

In developing countries, government actively promotes foreign investment in order to adapt the new and latest technology. This leads to greater R&D activities, thus this creates knowledge and technology spillover. In this paper, we look at Korea where the R&D has been the main factor of rapid growth. We study the effects of foreign ownership on technological performance by looking at 756 R&D intensive Korean firms from 1999 to 2009. We look the number of applied and registered patents are dependent variables (as a technological performance) and observe statistically significant and positive correlation with foreign ownership due to three main reasons: (a) knowledge and technology spillover, (b) relatively more risk-taking investment behavior of institutional investors, and (c) cherry-picking strategy of investing in firms that perform well. Furthermore, we also observe the R&D expenditure has a strong and positive correlation with the number of applied and registered patents, and R&D expenditure could serve as a proxy variable for technologically advanced industries. Lastly, we observe that the coefficients increase for applied and registered patents for different technology index sub-groups.

Foreign Institutional Ownership and the Valuation Effect of Investment and Payout Decisions

We study the effect of foreign ownership on firm valuation through strategic corporate decisions related to investment and payouts. Using data from Japan, we find evidence that foreign institutional investors lead to higher firm value through better and efficient investment and payout decisions. Our results indicate that through increased monitoring, foreign investors mitigate the possibility of sub-optimal investments and unnecessary payouts by the management. We also find that firms with increased foreign ownership use their cash reserves in ways that significantly compliments the operating performance. Furthermore, our results also support the conjecture of a recent decline in the influence of Japanese main banks on firm’s strategic decisions.

Benefits of foreign ownership: Evidence from foreign direct investment in China

To examine the effect of foreign direct investment, this paper compares the post-acquisition performance changes of foreign- and domestic-acquired firms in China. Unlike previous studies, we investigate the purified effect of foreign ownership by using domestic-acquired firms as the control group. After controlling for the acquisition effect that exists in domestic acquisitions, we find no evidence that foreign ownership can bring additional productivity gains to target firms, though both foreign and domestic acquisitions bring productivity improvements to target firms. In contrast, a strong and robust finding is that foreign ownership significantly improves target firms' financial conditions and exports relative to domestic-acquired firms. Foreign acquisition is also found to improve output, employment and wages for target firms. These findings conflict with the conventional view of productivity-driven FDI and highlight the financial channel through which FDI benefits the host countries.

The Effect of Foreign ownership on stock Return Volatility In Egyptian Stock Market "An Empirical Investigation"

The Effect of Foreign ownership on stock Return Volatility In Egyptian Stock Market "An Empirical Investigation"