Effects Of Different Potassium Levels Research Articles

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT POTASSIUM LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a popular vegetable and the most important ingredient when any vegetable is cooked and referred to as “protective food” because of its special nutritive value and widespread production. The present research was carried out in 2017-18 at Horticulture Garden, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. To assess the Effect of Different Potassium levels on the Growth and Yield of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) the experimental trial was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The Gola Variety Seedlings are transplanted at the field. Six different potassium levels were used for soil fertility Viz K1 (Control/ without K), K2 (25 kg ha-1), K3 (50 kg ha-1), K4 (75 kg ha-1), K5 (100 kg ha-1) and K6 (125 kg ha-1). Potassium should be applied on split doses and tomato crop was planted and observations were recorded for plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, days to flowering, days to fruiting, number of fruits plant-1, the weight of single fruit (g), fruit yield plot-1 (kg) and fruit yield (ton ha-1). It was found that all studied attributes were statically significant (P<0.05) and influenced by different potassium levels. The maximum plant height (107.00cm), number of branches plant-1 (9.33), number of fruits plant-1 (91.66), the weight of single fruit (105.67g), fruit yield plot-1 (45.48kg) and fruit yield (49.12ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium 100 kg ha-1 was used. The maximum plant height (103.60cm), number of branches plant-1 (7.33), number of fruits plant-1 (87.66), the weight of single fruit (101.00g), fruit yield plot-1 (40.95kg) and fruit yield (44.23ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium 75 kg ha-1 was used. While the minimum plant height (70.00cm), number of branches plant-1 (3.66), number of fruits plant-1 (60.00), the weight of single fruit (48.00g), fruit yield plot-1 (10.27kg) and fruit yield (11.09ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium did not be used respectively. The present results that the (100 kg K ha-1) had a better result for all parameters and all results were statically significant.

Effects of Different Potassium Supply Levels on Potassium Fertilizer of Bananas under Drip Irrigation

HighlightsThe effects of different potassium levels on banana production were investigated under drip irrigation.The most economical and rational potassium level for Brazil 118 was recommended to be 675 kg/ha.Fertilization plays an important role in improving the potassium fertilizer efficiency of bananas.Abstract.Applying potassium with water is an effective way to meet the potassium needs of banana and improve the utilization efficiency of potassium fertilizer. This paper aims to explore the fertilizer effect of different potassium levels on banana production under drip irrigation to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient and rational utilization of potassium fertilizer in banana production. Brazilian banana was used in the field experiment in this study. Under the condition of applying nitrogen fertilizer (N 750 kg/ha) and phosphate fertilizer (P2O5 450 kg/ha), five potassium supply levels of CK (without potassium fertilizer), K1 (K2O 225 kg/ha), K2 (450 kg/ha), K3 (675 kg/ha), and K4 (900 kg/ha) were employed to study the effects of drip irrigation on banana yield, fruit quality and economic benefits. The results showed that drip irrigation with potassium application could significantly increase the pseudo-stem diameter, fruits per comb, and green leaves of bananas (P<0.05). The banana yield with K3 treatment was 45.11 t/ha, which was 73.97%, 37.87%, 11.11%, and 5.67% higher than those with CK, K1, K2, and K4, respectively. The net cash income with K3 treatment was 122400 Chinese yuan/ha, increased by 57.32% compared with the CK treatment, and the output/input ratio increased from 1.41:1 to 3.11:1. Considering the increasing yield and economic benefits of bananas, application of drip irrigation coupled with the optimized potassium dosage (K2O 675 kg/ha) could achieve the highest banana production. Keywords: Banana, Drip irrigation, Economic benefit, Fruit quality, Potassium application level.

Effect of potassium (K+) on growth, yield components and macronutrient accumulation in Wheat crop

Abstract Plant growth, nutrient uptake and yield can be sustained by the application of potassium fertilization. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of macronutrients accumulation of wheat about different potassium rates.The results revealed that the effect of different potassium levels on the growth and grain yield of wheat was significant. The application of potassium at 100% increased the most of the growth, yield components and accumulation of nutrients in wheat crop from 20−50% as compared to (control) the plots receiving no potassium application. In comparison to control, potassium application at 75% also significantly increased growth and yield components from 8−40%, however, potassium application of 50 and 25% increased the growth and yield components by 4−20%. As compared to plots receiving no potassium, application of potassium resulted 3−6% higher nitrogen content in grain and 2−11% higher nitrogen content in straw. While, potassium application increased the potassium contents by 50−154% in grain and 70-140% contents of potassium in straw as compared to control plots. However, in comparison to plots without potassium nutrition, application of potassium fertilization improved phosphorus contents by 2−10% in grain and 3-50% in straw of wheat crop. Among potassium levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% were significant indicating that potassium at the rate of 100% was an optimum level for obtaining maximum grain yields in wheat crop. This study concluded that application of potassium nutrition increased the all growth, yield comonents and accumumation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in grain and straw of wheat crop. Keywords: Macronutrients; Potassium; Wheat http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700183

Effects of different potassium levels on growth and NO3- uptake and utilization of Malus hupehensis seedlings

In order to explore the effects of potassium fertilizer on the absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, and provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization in apple orchard, Malus hupehensis seedlings were used to study the effects of different potassium levels (K0, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, and K6 equivalent to 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mmol·L-1 K+, respectively) on growth and NO3- uptake and utilization using the track technology of 15N and non-damage microtest technique. The results showed that root vigor, nitrate reductase activity and root morphological index of seedlings in K3 treatment were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The 15N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) in different organs of M. hupehensis seedlings was significantly different among treatments, and the Ndff values of root, stem and leaf appeared in K3 treatment were the highest, being 1.36, 1.33 and 1.47 times as those of the K0 treatment, respectively. With the increase of potassium application rate, the 15N utilization rate of seedlings were firstly increased and then decreased, and reached the highest value (23.3%) in K3 treatment, which was 3.04 times as that of K0 treatment. The results of non-damage microtest technique showed that there was a strong absorption of NO3- in K3 treatment (19.34 pmol·cm-2·s-1), while a clear trend of outflow was observed in the potassium deficiency (K0) and high potassium (K6) treatments. Therefore, the deficit or excess of potassium could inhibit the uptake and utilization of nitrogen, while appropriate potassium could promote root growth, enhance the activity of nitrate reductase, and then increase the absorption of nitrogen by seedlings.

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities, mineral and essential oil composition of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) affected by the potassium levels

Mint family is considered of great importance all over the world with increasing needs for cultivation under controlled environment, but only narrow information is available about their response in relation to potassium supplementation. The present study determines the effects of different potassium levels (K: 275–300–325–350–375mg/L) on the morphological and biochemical characteristics of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.). The results indicated that the middle K levels of 325mg/L increased biomass dry matter content without differences on fresh weight. Mineral content was affected, mainly for the micronutrients. High K application increased spearmint polyphenols content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP), while K>325mg/L revealed oxidative stress (increased H2O2), followed by the activation of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, CAT) providing protective action to the plant. The main essential oil components were carvone, limonene, 1,8-cineole, germacrene D, β-pinene and β-caryophyllene. Considering greater carvone content, the 325mg/LK treatment could be appropriate for spearmint cultivation and production for essential oil uses, improving their antioxidant and antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens.

English

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different potassium levels on mungbean under custard apple based agri-horti system at Agricultural Research Farm of Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha, Mirzapur. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with seven treatments which were replicated thrice. These treatments were different doses of potassium, that is, 0 kg/ha (T1), 20 kg/ha (T2), 40 kg/ha (T3), 60 kg/ha (T4), 80 kg/ha (T5), 100 kg/ha (T6) and 120 kg/ha (T7). Potassium application is directly related to growth, plant biomass and yield in crops. Results showed that application of different potassium levels gave varying yield. Lowest yield (700 kg/ha) was obtained with the application of 0 kg/ha and highest yield (1096 kg/ha) was obtained with the application of 120 kg/ha potassium. It is concluded that the application of 80 kg/ha potassium gave highest Benefit/Cost ratio of mungbean and looks more remunerative in Vindhyan region.

Effect of different potassium levels in hay on acid–base status and mineral balance in periparturient dairy cows

Forages commonly used in dry cow rations contain high K concentrations. This results in a high dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD), which can compromise the calcium homeostasis of periparturient cows. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 2 types of hay, fed during the prepartum period and differing in their K concentrations, on the peripartum acid–base status and mineral balance of dairy cows. During the prepartum period, the cows of group K33 (n=6) received a diet based on hay with a high K concentration (33g/kg of DM), whereas the cows of group K13 (n=6) received a diet based on hay with a low K concentration (13g/kg of DM). Both experimental diets were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. After calving, all cows received the same diet based on hay K33. Blood and urine samples were taken on d 14, 7, and 3 before parturition, at parturition, and then daily during the first 8 d after calving. Concentrations of minerals were analyzed in both blood and urine. Creatinine was also measured in urine for the calculation of the mineral:creatinine ratio. The acid–base parameters in blood (pH and HCO3− concentration) and urine (pH, net acid–base excretion, and base–acid quotient) were determined on d 14, 7, and 3 before parturition, at parturition, and on d 1 after parturition. The use of hay K13 reduced the DCAD value of the prepartum diet by half (195 vs. 514mEq/kg of DM). No significant differences between the 2 groups were observed for blood acid–base indicators or plasma minerals except for the Mg plasma concentration, which tended to be higher in group K13 from d 3 prepartum to d 2 after calving. In group K13, urinary Ca excretion tended to be higher from d 3 prepartum to d 1 after parturition than that in group K33. On d 3 before parturition, urinary pH and net acid–base excretion were significantly lower in group K13 than in group K33. On d 14, 7, and 3 before parturition, base–acid quotient was significantly lower in group K13 than in group K33. In group K13, daily feed intake and hence daily intake of Ca, P, and Mg during d 3 and 4 after parturition were higher than in group K33. The decrease of the DCAD in positive ranges by feeding a low-K hay before parturition induced a reduction of the metabolic alkalotic charge, as observed in acid–base parameters in urine, and increased the availability of Ca and P as a result of higher feed intake at the onset of lactation.