Effect Of Different Positions Research Articles

The effect of lateral position of heating surface and angular orientation of latent heat thermal energy storage system on the melting characteristics: a numerical investigation

Purpose This study aims to address the low thermal conductivity and suboptimal performance of phase change materials (PCMs) by examining the impact of geometric adjustments on their melting rate. Design/methodology/approach A two-dimensional numerical model was created to investigate the effect of different positions and angular inclinations of the inside heating surface (IHS) on the melting rate of PCM within a latent heat thermal energy storage system. The model analysed the IHS at the centre and below the centre at various positions (10, 20, 30 and 40 mm) and inclinations (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°). Findings The 90° inclination (vertical) significantly reduced the melting time by 75% compared to the 0° inclination (horizontal). The best melting performance was recorded with the IHS positioned 20 mm below the centre. At a 30° inclination, the maximum reduction in melting time was observed with the IHS at 30 and 40 mm placements. The system demonstrated the highest energy storage capacity of 307.72 kJ/kg at a 75° inclination with the IHS positioned 10 mm laterally, and the lowest capacity of 255.02 kJ/kg at a 0° inclination with the IHS at a 30 mm lateral position. Practical implications To address the deficient part of PCM like low thermal conductivity and below level performance characteristics, a structural (geometrical) adjustment was developed to study the effect on the melting rate of PCM without any cost addition. Using the computational model, an optimised thermal energy storage system is developed that can play a pivotal role in improving the applicability of thermal energy storage systems. Originality/value This research is novel in simultaneously investigating the numerical characteristics of PCM melting behaviour with different lateral positions and angular orientations of the IHS. A unique design modification was introduced, using a 2D numerical model and simulations to explore the effects under isothermal conditions.

Ultrasound Assessment and Self-Perception of Pelvic Floor Muscle Function in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence in Different Positions

Objectives: This study analyzed the effect of different positions on pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function in women with and without stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: This study included women with (n = 17, research group) and without (n = 25, control group) SUI. Using abdominal ultrasound, PFM function (maximum contraction and endurance) was measured in four different positions: lying, sitting, standing and squatting. The level of difficulty perceived by the participants was recorded. Results: In both groups, the best contraction was observed in the standing position and the weakest in the lying position. Women with SUI showed a lower ability to perform PFM contraction. A significant difference was found between the groups in the sitting and standing positions, and it was smaller in the research group. In the research group, the contraction displacement during sitting was 2.68 (1.67) mm versus 4.51 (2.62) mm in the control. The displacement during standing was 6.92 (3.50) mm versus 9.18 (5.05) mm, respectively (p < 0.05). In the research group, 52.9% reported the sitting position as the most difficult compared with only 12% in the control group. Conclusions: Women with SUI have lower PFM function while standing or sitting, but not while lying, than those without SUI. Variations in PFM function across different positions exist. A new protocol for PFM examination should be written with the standing position included.

A Study on the Effects of Different Positions on the Clinical Prognosis of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

The key to treating Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) is to rapidly reopen occluded blood vessels, restore blood flow, and rescue the ischemic penumbra. Treatment methods mainly include thrombolysis, endovascular intervention, etc. However, these treatments are limited by strict time windows and technical conditions. Simpler and more feasible methods to improve cerebral blood flow are currently a hot topic in clinical research. In recent years, several studies have shown that changes in body position can effectively improve cerebral blood flow in patients. However, the effect on the neurological functional prognosis of AIS remains inconclusive. This review has examined the effects of changes in body position on the clinical prognosis of AIS, combining relevant guidelines and the latest research. The study has provided evidence of an improvement in the clinical prognosis of AIS.

Theoretical study on the effect of different positions of -CN group on photophysical properties and forward-reverse ESIPT behaviours of 2,5-bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenol derivatives

Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) compounds have been widely used in many fields due to its unique photophysical properties, but they are strongly affected by substituents. There are many studies on the effect of substituents at the same position on the ESIPT process, but there are few studies on the effects of substituents at different positions on the proton transfer process. In this work, a strong electron-withdrawing cyano group ( – CN) was introduced into different positions of 2,5-bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenol. The effect of different substituted positions on intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB), photophysical properties and forward-reverse energy barrier of ESIPT reaction have been systematically investigated adopting density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT. The result showed that the introduction of – CN group at different positions led to a slight red-shift of absorption, and intramolecular charger transfer is the intrinsic reason for this photophysical phenomenon. The position of – CN group obviously influenced the excited state IHB, and then had an effect on ESIPT process. The substitution positions in the left benzo[d]thiazole ring and phenol ring respectively hinder and promote the ESIPT process, while the substitution in the right benzo[d]thiazole ring not only impetus the ESIPT process, but also increase the tautomer fluorescence.

Numerical analysis of the effect of different positions of circumferential grooves casing treatment on the stability expansion of mixed flow pumps

Numerical analysis of the effect of different positions of circumferential grooves casing treatment on the stability expansion of mixed flow pumps

A new experimental strategy to enhance thermal stratification of solar hot water storage tank using different PCM layouts

ABSTRACT The study examines the effect of different positions and layouts of phase change material (PCM) inside the solar hot water storage tank experimentally. Three similar circular horizontal perforated plates similar to baffles are designed for placing some PCM cylindrical capsules. The thermal stratification performance and collector’s efficiency are sought. The circular plates are considered at the height of 100, 200, 300, and 400 mm from the top of tank. Various conditions including without PCM and with one, two, and three plates of PCM are investigated. The results indicate that the temperature difference improves 37.3% for the single-row of PCM at a height of 30 cm as compared to the without PCM. In addition, during the PCM discharging period, the tank shows better thermal stratification for a single row of PCM at a height of 300 mm. In discharging process, in one or two- row which are from middle or above middle of the tank, the arithmetic mean temperature at different heights is 3.6°C and 2.6°C higher than the water tank without PCM. However, this study shows that during charging and discharging one row and two rows perform better for charging and discharging process. Results show that the perforated plates act as stabilizers.

A comprehensive simulation study of multi-junction solar cell

This study conducts comprehensive simulation analysis of typical triple-junction solar cells using Silvaco ATLAS. Initially, modeling and simulation of the typical triple-junction solar cells under the AM1.5 solar spectrum at 300 K are performed to characterize various performance parameters of the cells under one sun illumination. Subsequently, the impact of the thickness of the top and middle cell layers on the efficiency of the cells is analyzed. Additionally, the influence of doping concentration errors in individual sub-cells on the overall power deviation of the cells is investigated. Moreover, Al0.9Ga0.1As is employed to replace AlInP as the top FSF (Front Surface Field). Furthermore, the study analyzes the variation of internal radiation efficiency of the top and middle sub-cells of the solar cells with concentration factor and bias voltage. Finally, an assessment is made on the effects of different positions and densities of interface defects, as well as the introduction of class-acceptor Gaussian distribution state levels induced by defects, on the performance of the solar cells. The results indicate that this study provides valuable insights for optimizing multi-junction solar cells and analyzing internal physical phenomena.

The effects of different positions on neurodevelopment in preterm infants admitted in neonatal intensive care units: a systematic review protocol

Introduction Preterm birth poses significant challenges to infant health, with neurodevelopmental outcomes often affected. In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), positioning strategies are commonly employed with the aim of mitigating adverse effects and promoting neurodevelopment in preterm infants. However, the evidence regarding the impact of different positions on neurodevelopmental outcomes remains heterogeneous and inconclusive. Objective The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effects of different positioning strategies on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Methods A comprehensive search will be conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. To comply with the established guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, the systematic review will be conducted to identify relevant studies published up to the date of the search. This systematic review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO to ensure thorough and transparent reporting of the search process, synthesis of findings, and analysis methods. Discussion In the context of preterm infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), the discussion surrounding the effects of different positions on neurodevelopmental outcomes is multifaceted and warrants careful consideration. Variations in study methodologies, including sample sizes, outcome measures, and follow-up durations, underscore the need for standardized approaches to facilitate comparison and synthesis of findings. The heterogeneity in reported outcomes, ranging from cognitive and motor development to sensory processing, highlights the complexity of neurodevelopmental assessment in this population and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive evaluation frameworks. Through rigorous synthesis and analysis of existing literature, our protocol aims to contribute meaningful insights that can drive future research agendas and enhance neurodevelopmental outcomes for this vulnerable population. Systematic Review Registration number CRD42023492163

The effects of different positions on lower extremity hemodynamics during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effects of two different positions on lower extremity hemodynamics during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer.MethodsA total of 196 patients who underwent RARP in our hospital from February 2020 to March 2022 were included in this study. Among them, 98 patients who underwent surgery with the Trendelenburg position and split-leg position with calf reverse arch from March 2021 to March 2022 were assigned to the observation group, while 98 patients who underwent surgery with the Trendelenburg position and low lithotomy position from February 2020 to February 2021 were assigned to the control group. Using an ultrasound diagnostic instrument to detect the internal diameter, mean blood flow velocity, and mean blood flow volume of the left deep femoral vein at different times, such as the supine position (T0), after 5 minutes of placing the patient in the leg spilt or low lithotomy position (T1), after 5 minutes of pneumoperitoneum (T2), after 5 minutes of head-down tilt or head-down tilt and calf reverse arch (T3), 1.5 hours after the start of surgery (T4), before the removal of CO2 gas (T5), and before the patient left the operating room (T6). As well as the patency of deep venous blood flow in both lower extremities before leaving the operating room,ResultsAfter establishment of pneumoperitoneum, the internal diameter of the deep femoral vein increased significantly, while the mean blood flow velocity and mean blood flow volume decreased significantly in both groups(T0) (P<0.001). With the prolongation of surgical time, the impact on lower extremity hemodynamics in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group. From T2 to T6, the internal diameter of the femoral vein in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group, while the mean blood flow velocity and mean blood flow volume were increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). Before leaving the operating room, the patency of deep venous blood flow in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P=0.003).ConclusionPlacing patients in the Trendelenburg position and split-leg position with calf reverse arch during RARP for prostate cancer has a smaller impact on lower extremity hemodynamics than the low lithotomy position, and can relatively reduce the risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis.

Effect of Different Positions of Dental Implants Supporting Mandibular Overdentures on The Denture Retention

Effect of Different Positions of Dental Implants Supporting Mandibular Overdentures on The Denture Retention

Exploring Symptom Responses to Upper Limb Neural Test Variations of the Radial Nerve in Patients With Lateral Epicondylalgia: An Observational Study.

Clinical practice guidelines recommend the radial nerve mechanosensitivity evaluation in patients with lateral epicondylalgia. Despite different positions and sequences having been described, no research analyzed how each variation triggers symptoms associated with lateral epicondylalgia. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different positions and sequences in the upper limb neural tension test 2b (ULNT2b) in symptom responses in patients with lateral epicondylalgia. In this observational study, 66 patients underwent 4 test conditions: standard ULNT2b, ULNT2b proximal to distal, ULNT2B with resisted supination, and resisted supination isolated. Paresthesia sensations, symptom reproduction, pain intensity (measured using a visual analog scale), and distribution of painful symptoms data were collected. Significant differences in paresthesia sensations were observed between groups, with significant differences between the standard ULNT2B and other ULNT variations or resisted supination maneuvers. Symptom reproduction also differed significantly across groups, with significant differences between the standard ULNT2B and other ULNT or resisted supination tests. The positive/negative test and percentage of distribution of painful symptoms scores varied significantly across 4 conditions in both lateral and frontal views. Although pain intensity scores during tests were comparable among the tests, distribution of painful symptoms differed significantly. Variations in the ULNT2b test can affect symptom responses in patients with lateral epicondylalgia. The standard ULNT2b test appears more effective at reproducing symptoms, intensity of paresthesia, and distribution of painful symptoms compared to other ULNT variations and the resisted supination test. ULNT2b sequences have been shown to elicit varying responses concerning paresthesia, replication of familiar symptoms, positive/negative test results, and distribution of painful symptoms. Clinicians should consider specific test variations during the patients' radial nerve mechanosensitivity assessment to identify aggravating factors reproducing recognizable symptoms. A control group of asymptomatic participants and the role of presence of other comorbidities, psychological factors, or the duration of symptoms were not considered in this study and might play an important role influencing the results of the tests.

Study of the effect of pipe wall conduit on the characteristics of methane explosion in the bend pipe

ABSTRACT To improve the efficiency and protection level of combustible gas explosion relief in urban underground pipeline corridors, we built a 150 × 150 × 2000 mm3 transparent pipeline experimental platform to simulate underground pipeline corridors and studied the effect of different positions and diameters of explosion relief conduits on the side of the pipeline on the characteristics of the explosion of methane in the pipeline. The results show that the flame is twisted and deformed at the bend, increasing the contact area between the fuel and oxygen, thus causing flame acceleration. Wall conduit relief bend in the flame has a certain hysteresis, in the front end of the bend, and the back end of the pipe wall conduit were installed, the flame propagation time of 254 ms, and 200 ms, respectively, increased by 71 ms, and 17 ms, the delay ratio of 38.80%, 9.29%, respectively. When the front part of the pipe wall conduit pipe diameter of 60 mm, 80 mm, and 100 mm, the flame propagation time was delayed 71 ms, 82 ms, and 105 ms, the delay ratio of 38.80%, 44.81%, 57.38%, and the position of the front of the pipe wall conduit pipe diameter is larger, the lower the peak explosion pressure.

Investigation of the Effect of Debris Position on the Detection Stability of a Magnetic Plug Sensor Based on Alternating Current Bridge.

Magnetic plug-type abrasive particle sensors have a wide range of applications in oil detection, but there is little literature on the effect of abrasive particle position on detection accuracy. In this paper, an alternating current (AC) bridge-type abrasive particle detection sensor is designed, in which the sensing module utilizes permanent magnets to attract iron particles, and the induction coil is specially designed to detect the magnetic field fluctuation caused by iron particles. A corresponding model was also designed to evaluate the sensor's sensitivity at different locations. In this paper, the magnetic field distribution of the sensor was first analyzed using finite element analysis software to obtain the magnetic field strength at different positions. Then, the response sensitivity of the sensor to particles and the effect of different positions on the detection results are explored through experiments. The simulation and the experimental results show substantial signal difference signal at different sensor positions. The method outlined in this article can determine the optimal sensing range for subsequent magnetic plug-type abrasive particle detection sensors and subsequently improve their reliability.

Tunable hydrogen evolution reaction of vacancy-defective MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunctions based on first-principle calculation

Two-dimensional transition metal disulfides (TMDs) heterojunction is a very promising non-precious metal catalyst that has been widely used as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reactions. In this paper, the effects of different positions of Se vacancies on the electronic structure and hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst of MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunction are investigated by first-principles calculations. After the introduction of vacancy, defect states appear between the conduction band bottom and the Fermi energy level of the heterojunction. This is more favorable for the electron transfer between H and the substrate. The results of the density of states calculations indicate that the defect states appear because the d orbitals of the transition metal atoms containing the Se vacancy layer hybridize with the p orbitals of the Se atoms. The differential charge density indicates that the Se vacancies promote the charge transfer of MoSe2/WSe2. In addition, calculations of the Gibbs free energy for the hydrogen evolution reaction of heterojunctions show that Se vacancies (especially the outer vacancies) enhance the electrocatalytic hydrogen precipitation performance of heterojunctions. The results provide a new way to regulate the hydrogen evolution properties of MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunctions.

Christian Missions and Economic Empowerment of the People of Cross River State, Nigeria, 1885-1960

The nineteenth century Christian missionary activities in Cross River State as in other parts of Nigeria were mainly targeted at evangelisation of the people. Christianity has become the dominant religion in Cross River State and the people believe that it is a religion of civilisation and development. The resultant effect of different positions of some scholars is that colonialism has become a stigma for Christianity in contemporary times. To this extent, missionary work in Africa will continue to attract stringent and critical historical examination. It will however be intellectual dishonesty to write off the positive results of missionary work in Cross River State. This paper therefore, examines the contributions of missionary work in empowering the people of Cross River State from 1885 to 1960. The research adopted historic-structural approaches using primary and secondary sources. This includes qualitative interviews and books and journals. The findings of this research show that modern medical practise, theological education as well as education generally, skills acquisition, poverty alleviation and attention to the vulnerable such as children, orphans, widows, the sick and the elderly, through appropriate influence on negative traditions are some of the areas where missionary work has impacted positively on the people. It concludes that the Christian Missions contributed tremendously to the economic empowerment and enlightenment of the people of Cross River State of Nigeria.

Biomechanical effects of joint disc perforation on the temporomandibular joint: a 3D finite element study

BackgroundDisc perforation (DP) is a severe type of Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). DP may induce changes in the internal stresses of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Herein, this study attempts to investigate the biomechanical effects of different positions and sizes of DP on the TMJ using a biomechanical approach, to explore the mechanical pathogenesis of TMD.MethodsEleven three-dimensional finite element (FE)models of the TMJ were constructed based on CBCT imaging files of a patient with DP on the left side. These models included the disc with anterior displacement and discs with different locations and sizes of perforations on the affected disc. FE methods were conducted on these models.ResultsAnterior displacement of the disc leads to a significant increase in the maxim von Mises stress (MVMS) in both TMJs, with the affected side exhibiting a more pronounced effect. DP occurring at the posterior band and the junction between the disc and the bilaminar region has a greater impact on the MVMS of both TMJs compared to perforations at other locations. As the size of the perforation increases, both sides of the TMJs exhibit an increase in the magnitude of MVMS.ConclusionsUnilateral disc anterior displacement results in an increased stress on both TMJs. Unilateral DP further affects the stress on both sides of the TMJs. TMD is a progressive condition, and timely intervention is necessary in the early stages to prevent the worsening of the condition.

Vortex characteristics inside profile reed channel of an air-jet loom based on large eddy simulation

In the process of jet weaving, airflow plays a primary role by carrying the weft yarns and interlacing them with the warp yarns to form the fabric. The vortex characteristics within the weft insertion channel of an air-jet loom directly affect the motion of the weft yarns, thus impacting the quality of the fabric. In this study, the large eddy simulation (LES) method was employed, and the Omega vortex identification criterion was used to analyze the vortex characteristics within the profile reed channel. The effects of different positions of relay nozzles, nozzle spacing, and reed gap ratio on the airflow characteristics were investigated. Additionally, the vortex volume ratio () and velocity fluctuation rate () were introduced as indicators to measure the proportion of vortices and the turbulence intensity of the airflow field. The numerical results indicated that the introduction of relay nozzles significantly reduced the intensity of airflow vortices and the proportion of vortices within the profile reed channel. When the inlet pressures of the main and relay nozzles were fixed, the minimum values of and were observed when the first relay nozzle was located at 105 mm, the nozzle spacing was 65 mm, and the gap ratio was 1:2. The findings of this study provide theoretical guidance for further improving the airflow characteristics within the profile reed channel of an air-jet looms.

Experiment of stem cutting planting position in increasing sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) production in horticulture learning

This study aimed to discuss: (1) the effect of different positions of stem cuttings on sweet potato production; and (2) whether this practical experiment-based approach is effectively implemented in horticulture learning. This experimental research used a completely randomized design. The population was sweet potato plants. The research sample was the tip cuttings of sweet potato plants. The length of the cuttings was 30 cm, measured from the tip of the plant’s stem with relatively the same number of segments. The number of treatments was 3: upright Po (180°), inclined P1 (45°) and flat P2. The number of repetitions was six times, and the number of samples for each treatment was 20 cuttings of the sweet potato stem tips. Thus, the number of sweet potato stem tip cuttings needed in this study is 3 X 6 X 20 cuttings = 360 (three hundred and sixty). Based on the ANOVA test, a significant value of 0,005 was obtained, far smaller than the determined significance level of 0,05. It means there is a significant difference between the weights of sweet potato tubers between treatments. In conclusion, there is a significant difference between the upright/90° and slanted/45° treatment and between the upright/90° and horizontal treatment. Meanwhile, the treatment between slanted/45° and horizontal showed no significant difference. Overall, the best sweet potato production is obtained by planting horizontally with an average tuber weight of 313 grams. It can be concluded that this practical experimental method is very effectively implemented in the horticulture learning process.

The reliability of MyotonPro in assessing the stiffness in lumbar spinal erector muscles and the effect of different position

The reliability of MyotonPro in assessing the stiffness in lumbar spinal erector muscles and the effect of different position

The relationship of the position of mandibular third molar impaction with the development of dental and periodontal lesions in adjacent second molars

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different positions of Mandibular third molar impaction teeth on dental and periodontal lesions of mandibular second molars and correlate the lesion severity with patient age. Materials and methodsThis retrospective study assessed 212 CBCT images of patients who visited the department of Oral and Maxillofacial radiology of XX university between 2017 and 2021. Periodontal and dental lesion effects of impacted third molars on mandibular second molars were evaluated. While dental lesions were classified as mild, moderate, and severe, periodontal lesions were classified as mild in cases not exceeding 2/3 of the root, and severe in cases exceeding 2/3 of the root. Pearson's chi-square tests, Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test were used for data analsis. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed for further analysis. ResultsPeriodontal lesions were frequently observed in the second molar adjacent to the third molar (157 teeth, 74.1%), dental lesions were observed in 10%. Among the third molar positions, the mesioangular position was associated with a high (88%) prevalence of periodontal lesions (p<0.001), followed by the horizontal position (71%). The periodontal lesion was more severe in cases 30-39 years old and over 40 years old than in cases under 20 years old and 21-24 years old. Distoangular, horizontal and vertical/inverse positions are less likely to increase the severity of the periodontal lesion than the mesioangular position. (OR = 0.02; p <0.001, OR = 0.28; p =0.008, OR = 0.14; p <0.001,respectively). ConclusionsThe third molars are often impacted in the mesioangular position, and this position most increases the risk of periodontal infection in the second molars. Accurate diagnosis and evaluation can minimize complications, and CBCT is a reliable imaging technique in which the position of the third molars and their relationship with the 2nd molars can be evaluated.