Effects Of Different Modes Research Articles

Ways to optimize the training process for the development special working capacity of skiers-racers

The article considers the development of special working capacity of skiers-racers with the use of work-rest regimes, which is an effective means of selective influence on the indicators of general and special working capacity, coordination structure of movements, reactions of body service systems.
 The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of different modes of alternation of work with rest and the tasks of action in the training lesson when using the segment of 1000-2000 m on the change of individual elements of technology, speed, speed endurance when overcoming climbs.
 Objective of the study: to determine the cumulative effect of the use of different modes of alternation of work with rest on the change of the main indicators of special performance of skiers in the process of training lessons.
 The research methodology consisted of the use of repeated functional loads.
 A technical and tactical model of competitive behavior at a distance in the process of training and competition depending on the conditions and relief of the competitive distance is proposed.
 A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of training programs at different stages of sports training showed the advantage of the method of development of special ability to work, based on the principle of selective and variable influence of lesson models with known effects on the athlete.
 The results of research allow us to create models of training lessons that selectively affect different body systems and contribute to more accurate management of the development of special working ability.
 The use of these models in the general structure of the methodology for the development of special working capacity creates an opportunity to comprehensively influence the person as a complex organized system of self-regulation.
 The practical use of the research results optimizes the process of sports training management for a longer period of time.

Effect of color reconnection and rope formation on resonance production in p\u2013p collisions in Pythia 8

Resonance production in proton–proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV and 13 TeV have been investigated using a Pythia 8 event generator within the framework of microscopic processes including color reconnection and rope hadronization. Specifically, the observable effects of different modes of color reconnections on the ratio of yields of mesonic and baryonic resonances with respect to their stable counterpart have been explored as a function of mean charged particle multiplicity. A suppression in the ratio is observed as a function of the mean number of charged particles for mesonic resonances. The phi /mathrm {K} and {phi /pi } ratios show an enhancement for high-multiplicity events due to enhanced production of strange quarks via the microscopic process of rope hadronization in the partonic phase. The mechanism of the hadronization of color ropes together with the quark–gluon plasma (QCD)-based color reconnection of partons predicted an enhancement in the ratio for baryonic resonances to non-resonance baryons having similar quark content. The yield ratios of resonances are found to be independent of the collision energy and strongly dependent on event activity.

Aminomethylpyridazine isomers as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl: Electrochemical, DFT and Monte Carlo simulation studies

Three isomers of aminomethylpyridazine, namely 4-pyridazinemethanamine (Pz1), 3-aminomethylpyridazine (Pz2) and 3-amino-6-methylpyridazine (Pz3) were studied for their corrosion prevention abilities on mild steel in 1 M HCl with the aid of potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and computational methods. Other procedures such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to support the results obtained from the PDP, EIS and computational techniques. The effect of different mode of substitution of aminomethyl group on the pyridazine molecule on corrosion inhibition potentials was investigated. The compounds showed increasing corrosion inhibition efficiency with increase in concentration, with Pz2 showing up to 91% inhibition efficiency at 500 ppm. The order of inhibition efficiency of the compounds is Pz2 > Pz1 > Pz3. The shift in corrosion potential ranged from 17 mV to 44 mV with respect to the blank result, suggesting that the compounds exhibited mixed-type inhibitive effects, though with Pz1 and Pz2 being predominantly anodic and Pz3 being mainly cathodic in character. The dissolution of steel in the corrosive electrolytes followed a single-charge-transfer mechanism and the inhibitors formed pseudo-capacitive protective film over the steel surface in 1 M HCl. FTIR and UV–vis spectra revealed the interactions between mild steel and the inhibitor molecules, while the SEM plates revealed the morphology of steel surface in the corrosive electrolytes at varying degree of inhibitor concentration, confirming the protection efficiency of the pyridazines on mild steel. DFT calculations showed that Pz2 has the lowest lying unoccupied frontier molecular orbital. Monte Carlo simulations also confirmed highest magnitude of adsorption energy for Pz2 adsorbed on Fe(110) compared to Pz1 and Pz3.

The type and dosage of exercise therapy to facilitate the recovery from stroke for balance, walking and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background Exercise therapy (aerobic or resistance therapy) could have a beneficial effect on balance, walking and quality of life (QoL). Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of different modes, dosages and setting of exercise therapy on balance, walking capacity and QoL in stroke survivors. Methods We searched PubMed, CINHAL and Hinari to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) that investigated the effects of aerobic (AT) and/or resistance therapy (RT) on balance, walking and QoL in stroke survivors. The treatment effect was computed by the standard mean differences (SMDs). Results We included 27 RCT comprising 1,549 chronic stroke survivors. Any modality was effective to improve balance. There was high-level evidence that AT interventions were most effective in improving walking capacity (SMD=0.36 [0.06, 0.66], p=0.02). Both AT, and AT combined with RT were effective to improve QoL (SMD=0.39 [0.09, 0.69], p=0.01). RT programs were not effective to improve walking and QoL. For walking capacity, a lower volume weekly (<60 minutes/session or <3 session/week) and higher intensity (>60% heart rate reserve; rate of perceived exertion (6–20) >14) of AT and RT exercises demonstrated significant higher effect. Hospital located rehabilitation settings trended to improve walking (SMD=0.23 [0.00, 0.45], p=0.05), when compared to home/community and laboratory settings. Conclusions In chronic stroke, in particular AT executed in hospital located settings, with a lower volume and high intensity seems more effective strategy to facilitate walking capacity and improve QoL and should thus be incorporated into rehabilitation programs for stroke. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

The effects of polymerization mode and layer thickness on monomer released from bulk fill composite resins.

Residual monomers released from composite resins have cytotoxic, mutagenic, and estrogenic effects. Mode of polymerization and application thickness are important for monomer release. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different modes of a third-generation light-curing unit (LCU) and layer thickness on residual monomer released from two different bulk-fill composite resins. A total of 80 samples were prepared for each bulk-fill composite using a mold. Each bulk-fill composite was divided into four groups according to polymerization mode (standard and extra power) and layer thickness (2 and 4 mm). In addition, four groups were divided into four subgroups according to time periods (1 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days). The samples were polymerized with VALO LED device. The amount of residual monomer was measured with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). All statistical analyses were processed using SPSS Version 23.0. The normal distribution of data was confirmed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normal Distribution Test and Shapiro-Wilk Normal Distribution Test. When the distribution was normal, parametric tests, Student's t test and one-way ANOVA, were used. When the distribution was not normal, non-parametric tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis testwere used. It was found that the standard mode of LCU produced lower amounts of TEGDMA, Bis-GMA, and UDMA in both composite materials. In addition, when the layer thickness increased, TEGDMA, Bis-GMA, and UDMA releases increased, too. This study revealed that the amount of residual monomers released from bulk-fill composites was affected by layer thickness and polymerization time.

Effect of Different Modes of Administration of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Nerve Block on Postoperative Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

IntroductionDexmedetomidine (DEX) as a nerve block adjuvant can significantly prolong analgesia. However, whether perineural or systemic administration of DEX is more beneficial in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not been thoroughly investigated. To this end, we evaluated the effects of perineural and systemic DEX administration on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing TKA surgery.MethodsWe randomly assigned patients undergoing TKA under general anesthesia combined with femoral nerve block and sciatic nerve block to one of three groups: (1) ropivacaine plus perineural dexmedetomidine (DP): 0.25% ropivacaine 40 mL plus 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine; (2) ropivacaine plus systemic dexmedetomidine (DS): 0.25% ropivacaine 40 mL plus systemic 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine; (3) control group (C): 0.25% ropivacaine 40 mL.ResultsThe average length of time until patients first experienced postoperative pain was significantly longer in the DP group (26.0 h [22.0–30.0 h]) than in the DS group (22.4 h [18–26.8 h]) and the control group (22.9 h [19.5–26.3 h], P = 0.001). For this result there was no significant difference between the DS and the control group. Compared with the DS and control groups, patients in the DP group had lower resting visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery (P < 0.05). VAS activity scores at 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery in the DP group were lower than those in the DS and control groups, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the DS and control groups, the amount of postoperative opioids in the DP group was also significantly reduced, and the number of people needing postoperative rescue analgesia was significantly lower, with a statistical difference (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the sleep satisfaction of patients in the DP group on the first night after surgery and the satisfaction with pain control at 72 h after surgery were both higher than those in the DS group and control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsPerineural administration of DEX can significantly prolong the interval until patients report pain for the first time after TKA, relieve postoperative pain, reduce postoperative opioid dosage, and improve postoperative sleep quality and satisfaction with pain control.Trial RegistrationThe trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier ChiCTR1900025808.

Multi-mode integrated system of adsorption refrigeration using desiccant coated heat exchangers for ultra-low grade heat utilization

A traditional adsorption refrigeration system cannot run under ultra-low grade heat source temperatures. In order for ultra-low grade heat utilization, a multi-mode integrated system of adsorption refrigeration using desiccant coated heat exchangers (DCHEs) is proposed. The key point of this integrated system is the rise in evaporation temperature by the use of DCHEs, which contributes to lowing the driving temperature and enhancing the system performance. A mathematical model based on the first and second law of thermodynamics perspective is developed, and the performance investigation is conducted to understand the effect of different modes, driving and medium temperatures. The results reveal that Mode 1 has a wider working range, Mode 2 has better performance and Mode 3 can realize the cogeneration of chilled water and dehumidified air. Compared to a traditional system, the integrated system has obviously lower driving temperature and higher performance. The integrated system with Modes 1 and 2 can operate effectively at driving temperatures below 50 oC and its maximum COP and exergetic efficiency can reach around 0.8 and 0.21, respectively. For ultra-low grade heat utilization, the medium temperature has a greater effect on the COP and equal effect on the exergetic efficiency to driving temperature.

Effect of split addition of initiator and antioxidant in radiation vulcanised natural rubber latex

In radiation vulcanisation of natural rubber latex (RVNRL), the crosslinking of rubber particles is brought about by γ-radiation from a 60Co source. The optimum radiation dose for obtaining maximum properties for RVNRL film is 15 k.Gy. The residual n-BA in the latex causes several problems in the products derived from the latex. The split dose addition of n-BA was proposed to overcome this difficulty. The order of addition of antioxidants also has some effect on radiation crosslinking reaction as antioxidants are the free radical scavengers. Accordingly, the effect of different modes of addition of antioxidant, on mechanical properties of the vulcanisates, was studied. Among the different methods attempted the addition of antioxidant at mid time (M.I) and after irradiation (A.I) registered better mechanical properties and better thermal stability.

Comparative study of intravenous diuretics therapy-bolus versus infusion regimen in acute decompensated heart failure

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a growing problem worldwide; more than 20 million people around the world are affected. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of different modes of administration of intravenous diuretic –bolus versus infusion, in acute decompensated heart failure in relation to diuresis and electrolyte balance.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Darbhanga Medical College and hospital, Laheria sarai between October 2014 to November 2016. Patients of acute decompensated heart failure attending medical emergency ward and Intensive care unit of medicine department of Darbhanga Medical College and hospital, Laheria sarai were selected and grouped randomly as per inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The main findings of our study were greater diuresis in the first 24 h of admission with bolus dose. No difference in serum sodium or serum potassium levels between the groups.Conclusions: All three modes of diuretic therapies can be practiced with no difference in worsening of electrolyte levels. Bolus dose administration with its rapid volume loss might be a more effective diuretic strategy in our country with limited health resources.

The Muscle-Brain Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Key Role of Mitochondria in Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection.

Regular exercise is associated with pronounced health benefits. The molecular processes involved in physiological adaptations to exercise are best understood in skeletal muscle. Enhanced mitochondrial functions in muscle are central to exercise-induced adaptations. However, regular exercise also benefits the brain and is a major protective factor against neurodegenerative diseases, such as the most common age-related form of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, or the most common neurodegenerative motor disorder, Parkinson’s disease. While there is evidence that exercise induces signalling from skeletal muscle to the brain, the mechanistic understanding of the crosstalk along the muscle–brain axis is incompletely understood. Mitochondria in both organs, however, seem to be central players. Here, we provide an overview on the central role of mitochondria in exercise-induced communication routes from muscle to the brain. These routes include circulating factors, such as myokines, the release of which often depends on mitochondria, and possibly direct mitochondrial transfer. On this basis, we examine the reported effects of different modes of exercise on mitochondrial features and highlight their expected benefits with regard to neurodegeneration prevention or mitigation. In addition, knowledge gaps in our current understanding related to the muscle–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases are outlined.

Does gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist cause luteolysis by inducing apoptosis of the human granulosa-luteal cells?

To evaluates the effect of different modes of final follicular maturation triggering on the degree of apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) and the potential effect on progesterone secretion. Thirty patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF who received hCG, GnRH agonist, or dual trigger for final follicular maturation were included in the study. Granulosa cells were obtained at the time of oocyte retrieval. The proportion of apoptotic cells was evaluated via TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. The proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the GnRH agonist-alone group compared to hCG-alone and the dual trigger groups (13.5 ± 1.5% vs. 7.8% ± 1.8 vs. 10.1% ± 2, respectively, P < 0.01). Moreover, the expression of active-caspase-3 was also significantly increased in the GnRH agonist-alone group compared with the hCG-alone and the dual trigger groups (15.5% ± 2.9 vs. 8.4% ± 1.6 vs. 12.7% ± 2.6, respectively, P < 0.01). The progesterone levels measured in the granulosa-luteal cell culture medium after 24 h of incubation were similar between the three groups. The levels of apoptosis are increased after GnRH agonist/dual trigger. The increased apoptosis might be one of the culprit of the subsequent premature demise of the corpus luteum post GnRH agonist trigger.

The effect of equity ownership structure on non-conditional conservatism: an empirical study based on listed companies in Egypt

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of different modes of equity ownership structure in unconditional conservatism of financial reporting for non-financial listed companies in Egypt.Design/methodology/approachUsing a large sample of Egyptian non-financial listed companies for the period from 2011–2018, this paper used the ordinary least square regression model to test the impact of equity ownership equity on accounting conservatism based on an accrual-based measure developed by Givoly and Hayn (2000) and Ahmed and Duellman (2007).FindingsThe paper finds that, on average, Egyptian listed companies tend to demonstrate lower levels of unconditional conservatism during the period from 2011–2018. Regarding the different patterns of equity shareholding, a negative association between unconditional conservatism and managerial ownership is found. Briefly, the mild equity shareholding of managers in Egyptian listed companies is accompanied by higher demand for conservative reporting. Besides, a negative association is also reported for the relationship between concentrated ownership and unconditional conservatism in which the concentration of shareholding by a few numbers of individual investors lessen the demand for conservatism. By contrast, a non-significance relationship is reported neither for institutional shareholders nor for governmental ownership in their relationship with unconditional conservatism.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper does not take into account the modifications conducted on the Egyptian accounting standards according to decree number 69 for the year of 2019 because they were not valid until the publishing of this paper. It considers only non-conditional conservatism.Practical implicationsFirst, the paper provides clear empirical evidence that Egyptian listed companies are adopting less-conservative accounting policies in their financial reporting during a high-tension period that witnessed several radical political and economic events. This evidence should stimulate regulators and policymakers to revisit the reporting standards to improve the quality of financial information and should also guide investors’ decisions because it helps in clarifying their interpretation of figures and trends reported in financial statements. Second, the paper would direct the attention of the Egyptian government to the importance of increasing their investment in the stock market to enhance its regulatory role. Third, it gives some implications to investors and policymakers toward the shape of the relationship between accounting conservatism and each pattern of equity shareholding in Egypt.Originality/valueThis paper visualizes an image toward the current state of equity ownership structure for listed companies in Egypt within a period that witnessed critical vulnerabilities and irregularities. In addition, it addresses how the accounting conservatism would be shaped according to the different types of equity shareholdings in Egypt.

Productivity of Super Intensive Mother Plantations of the Violet Early Variety Under Different Modes of Loading the Bushes with Shoots

This paper presents the results of a multi-year study aimed at developing super intensive mother plantations. The effect of different modes of shoot load on grape bushes of the hard-to-root variety Violet Early was shown. A comprehensive study of physiological anatomical changes in the vine under various load conditions was conducted to demonstrate the quality and number of cuttings prepared. The efficiency of the creation of super intensive mother plantations on sandy soils in the Chechen Republic was analyzed. The presence of such mother plants allowed timely harvesting of cuttings to use those of the best quality for reproduction. In the experiments, the net income amounted to 23,717.21 thousand rubles, so it almost doubled; and the profitability attained 140.87%, which was 79% more than that in the control.&#x0D; Keywords: grapes, variety, load of shoots, mother plants, cuttings, seedlings, sandy soils, yield

The effect of different modes of microneedling technique on random flap survival in rats

The investigation and practice of physical therapy in flap surgery are still scare. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of different microneedling interventions on survival of random pattern flaps in rats, attempting to determine the optimal microneedling protocols for improvement of flap survival. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 20 in each group (group A, B, C, and D). A 3 cm×9 cm rectangular random flap as the McFarlane flap was adopted in each group. In groups A and B, microneedling treatment was performed before and after surgery, respectively. While animals in group C were received both pre- and postoperative microneedling treatment. Group D was used as a control group, which was only exposed to surgery. Flap survival, flap blood flow, number of capillary formations, the expressions of CD31, CD34, HIF-1α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected in each group and compared. On the 7th day postoperatively, significant improvements with microneedling treatment were found in flap survival rate (p = 0.007), blood flow (p = 0.024), the expression levels of CD34 (p = 0.005), and the VEGF (p<0.01). Furthermore, the VEGF expression level was significantly higher in group B when compared with the other three groups (all p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the number of new blood vessels and other immunohistochemical indicators among the four groups (all p>0.05). Microneedling treatment especially postoperative intervention can significantly improve the survival of random flaps in rats.

Response to Discussion: ‘Which specific modes of exercise training are most effective for treating low back pain? Network meta-analysis’

We recently published1 a network meta-analysis (NMA) on the effect of different modes of exercise training in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain in the British Journal of Sports...

Dual 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin and 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis (4-Hydroxyphenyl) Porphyrin System as a Novel Chiral-Achiral Selector Complex for Enantioseparation of Aminoalkanol Derivatives with Anticancer Activity in Capillary Electrophoresis.

In this study, a complex consisting of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin, (named dual chiral-achiral selector complex) was used for the determination of two novel potential anticancer agents of (I) and (II) aminoalkanol derivatives. This work aimed at developing an effective method that can be utilized for the determination of I (S), I (R), and II (S) and II (R) enantiomers of (I) and (II) compounds through the use of a dual chiral-achiral selector complex consisting of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin system by applying capillary electrophoresis. This combination proved to be beneficial in achieving high separation selectivity due to the combined effects of different modes of chiral discrimination. The enantiomers of (I) and (II) compounds were separated within a very short time of 3.6–7.2 min, in pH 2.5 phosphate buffer containing 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin system at a concentration of 5 and 10 mM, respectively, at 25 °C and +10 kV. The detection wavelength of the detector was set at 200 nm. The LOD for I (S), I (R), II (S), and II (R) was 65.2, 65.6, 65.1, and 65.7 ng/mL, respectively. LOQ for I (S), I (R), II (S), and II (R) was 216.5, 217.8, 217.1, and 218.1 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery was 94.9–99.9%. The repeatability and reproducibility of the method based on the values of the migration time, and the area under the peak was 0.3–2.9% RSD. The stability of the method was determined at 0.1–4.9% RSD. The developed method was used in the pilot studies for determining the enantiomers I (S), I (R), II (S), and II (R) in the blood serum.

Stochastic stem cell models with mutation: A comparison of asymmetric and symmetric divisions

In order to fulfill cell proliferation and differentiation through cellular hierarchy, stem cells can undergo either asymmetric or symmetric divisions. Recent studies pay special attention to the effect of different modes of stem cell division on the lifetime risk of cancer, and report that symmetric division is more beneficial to delay the onset of cancer. The fate uncertainty of symmetric division is considered to be the reason for the cancer-delaying effect. In this paper we compare asymmetric and symmetric divisions of stem cells via studying stochastic stem cell models with mutation. Specially, by using rigorous mathematical analysis we find that both the asymmetric and symmetric models show the same statistical average, but the symmetric model shows higher fluctuation than the asymmetric model. We further show that the difference between the two models would be more remarkable for lower mutation rates. Our work quantifies the uncertainty of cell division and highlights the significance of stochasticity for distinguishing between different modes of stem cell division.

Investigation of the influence of laser treatment modes on coatings of aluminum, nickel, nickel-titanium systems

This paper shows the effect of different modes of laser treatment on the final structure of the coating obtained by the CS method. Among the studied modes, the following were selected: the speed of movement of the laser spot, defocused or focused laser beam, continuous or pulsed mode of laser treatment. The CS coatings of systems Ni, Ni-Ti, Al have been investigated. It is shown that under pulsed and defocused modes, the resulting coatings have cracks and other types of defects. It is also shown that the microhardness of CS coatings after laser treatment with a laser beam increases: 8 times for the Al system, 3 times for the Ni-Ti system, and does not increase for the Ni system.

Морфометрический анализ тканевых структур слизистой оболочки десен крыс под действием инфракрасного лазерного излучения

The aim of the study — was a comparative study of the adaptive responses of tissue structures and gelatinases of the gingival mucosa (SOD) in healthy rats to the effect of different modes of low-intensity laser radiation (NILI) in the infrared range. Materials and methods of research: the work was performed on 55 laboratory mature female rats using histological, immunohistochemical, zymographic, morphometric and statistical methods. The results of the study: the obtained data confirm the development of biological effects in response to the action of NILI: absorption of photon energy by intracellular components стим stimulation of adaptation reactions: increased activity of enzymes and TC function, activation of microcirculation. Conclusions: 1. After 1 minute and on the 1st day after exposure to NILI with a wavelength of 970 nm and a power of 0.5 W, a more significant increase in the number of TC with VEGFR1 expression, degranulated forms of TC, including with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees of degranulation, the number, diameter of blood vessels and the area occupied by them, and an increase in gelatinase activity was recorded up to 5 days compared to similar indicators at the specified periods after exposure to NILI with a wavelength of 890 nm and a capacity of 25 MW. 2. The presence of a direct strong correlation between the parameters of TC, blood vessels and the activity of gelatinases indicates the development of interrelated physiological processes of adaptation in SOD tissues in response to the action of various parameters of the NILI infrared range. 3. The immunohistochemical method allows for specific detection, precise localization, and objective morphometric analysis of TC with VEGFR1 expression in SOD of control and experimental rats.

What are the effects of different modes of exercise training for intermittent claudication? - A Cochrane Review summary with commentary.

The aim of this commentary is to discuss from a rehabilitation perspective the published Cochrane Review “Modes of exercise training for intermittent claudication”(1) by Jansen SCP et al1, under the direct supervision of Cochrane Vascular. This Cochrane Corner is produced in agreement with the Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine by Cochrane Rehabilitation.