Effects Of Different Contents Research Articles

Optical properties and energy transfer of Tm3+ single-doped and Tm3+-Tb3+ co-doped transparent glass-ceramics containing NaGd(MoO4)2 single phase

Tm3+ single-doped and Tm3+-Tb3+ co-doped SiO2-B2O3-Na2O-ZnO-MoO3-Gd2O3 glasses were successfully prepared by the melt-quenching process. X-ray diffraction and transmittance measurements were used to determine that the optimal heat treatment regime consisted of crystallization at 620 °C for 5 h and transparent glass-ceramics containing the NaGd(MoO4)2 single phase were obtained. The characterization results by SEM confirmed that the size of the crystals precipitated in the glass matrix was on the nanometer level. The effects of different contents of Tm2O3 on the luminescent properties of glass-ceramics in this system were explored. The results showed that the emission peak at 453 nm (1D2→3F4) had the highest intensity when Tm2O3 was doped with 0.5 mol% under the wavelength at 359 nm excitation. In addition, with the gradual increase of Tb2O3 contents, the luminescence colour of the Tm2O3-Tb2O3 co-doped glass-ceramics gradually shifted from blue to green. This indicates its potential application in blue-green light display technologies and various other areas. The experimental results of the water resistance stability of the samples show that the co-doped glass-ceramic still has good luminescence stability after being immersed in water, which provides further favourable support for its application.

Investigating the effect of different contents of mung beans on the structure and function of extruded buckwheat noodles

The effects of different contents of mung bean on microstructure, cooking property, hypoglycemic activity and in vitro starch digestion of extruded buckwheat noodles were studied. The results demonstrated that as the increase of mung bean content, the cooking loss of the noodles decreased from 19.26 % to 14.59 %, the estimated glycemic index (eGI) decreased from 85.17 to 69.66, and the content of resistant starch (RS) content increased from 39.32 % to 55.45 %; Furthermore, the α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were significantly enhanced; however, the overall sensory attributes did not change significantly. Afterwards, XRD and FTIR analyses revealed that the addition of mung bean promoted the formation of starch-lipid complexes and improved the short-range structural order of starch; Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that as the content of mung bean increased, the pores within the extruded buckwheat noodle gradually became smaller, and the number of pores increased gradually, contributing a more complete network structure, which favors the formation of gels with enhanced mechanical properties. In conclusion, the comprehensive quality of extruded buckwheat noodles with the addition of mung bean was effectively improved.

Analyzing and Predicting Consumer Response to Short Videos in E-Commerce

This study analyzes the drivers of and predicts the outcome of consumer response to e-commerce short videos (ESVs) in terms of viewing duration. We first construct a large-scale ESV dataset that contains 23,001 ESVs across 40 product categories. The dataset consists of the consumer response label in terms of average viewing durations and human-annotated ESV content attributes. Relying on the constructed dataset, we employ econometric modeling and deep learning methods to comprehensively understand and predict consumer response to ESVs. First, by employing the mixed-effects model, we find that ESV content attributes for product description, product demonstration, pleasure, and aesthetics are key determinants of ESV viewing duration. Subsample analyses further show the heterogeneous effects of different content attributes on ESV viewing response across product categories. Second, we design a content-based multimodal-multitask framework to predict consumers’ viewing response to ESVs. We propose an information distillation module to extract the shared, special, and conflicted information from ESV multimodal features. Additionally, we employ a hierarchical multitask classification module to capture the feature-level and label-level dependencies. By conducting extensive experiments, we demonstrate that the prediction performance of our proposed framework is superior to that of other state-of-the-art models. Taken together, our paper provides novel theoretical and methodological contributions to the Information Systems and relevant literatures.

Temperature-regulating functional PET composite fabric based on paraffin@silicon dioxide microencapsulated phase change materials

A novel kind of thermoregulatory composite fabric was prepared in this work. Firstly, paraffin@silicon dioxide (Pn@SiO2) microencapsulated phase change microcapsules (MEPCM) were synthesized by sol-gel method with paraffin as the core and silica dioxide as the shell. The spherical MEPCM with a particle size distribution of 6–12 μm exhibited a smooth surface. The heat storage capacity of MEPCM was tested by DSC, showing the phase change enthalpy of 137.3 J/g. Then, MEPCM was coated onto PET textile fabric, and the effect of different content of MEPCM on the temperature regulation performance of the finishing fabric was discussed. MEPCM on the surface morphology, thermal regulating properties, and thermal effects of the fabric were investigated by SEM, DSC, TG, infrared thermography, and photo thermal experiment. The highest enthalpy of the composite fabric after finishing by MEPCM could reach 49.18 J/g, and the infrared thermography showed that the rate of temperature change of the composite fabric was significantly slowed down during the warming and cooling process, which had the ideal heat storage and temperature regulation function. Phase change composite fabric shows great potential in a wide range of applications, such as military firefighting, personal protection, and temperature-controllable advanced textiles.

Effect of Microcapsules of Chitosan-Coated Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam Extracts on the Surface Coating Properties of Poplar Wood

Using chitosan as the shell material and Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam extract as the core material, microcapsules of chitosan-coated Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam extracts were prepared. The microcapsules were added to waterborne topcoats to investigate the effects of different content and MToddalia asiatica(L.) Lam extracts:Mchitosan (MT:MC) on the performance of waterborne coatings on poplar surfaces. Under different MT:MC of microcapsules, the content of microcapsules in the coating was negatively correlated with the glossiness, reflectivity, and adhesion of the coating. The addition of microcapsules reduced the liquid resistance of the coating to citric acid and improved the ethanol and cleaning agent resistance of the coating. The hardness, impact resistance, and roughness of the coatings increased gradually with the increase in microcapsule content. The content of microcapsules was positively correlated with the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial performance of coatings, and the coatings had a slightly higher antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli overall. The poplar surface coating with 5.0% microcapsules and MT:MC of 4.0:1 was excellent: the gloss was 5.30 GU, the light loss rate was 62.22%, the color difference ΔE was 22.93, the hardness was HB, the impact resistance was grade 3, the adhesion was grade 2, the roughness was 2.022 µm, the resistance to ethanol and cleaning agent was grade 2, and the resistances to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 74.21% and 82.01%, respectively. The results of the study provide a technical reference for the application of antibacterial waterborne coatings on wood surfaces.

Oil-Loaded Mesoporous Silica to Enhance the Lubrication of Polypropylene Resin Composite Materials

Polymer self-lubricating materials have advantages such as low friction coefficient, good wear resistance, and high work efficiency, giving them wide application potential in friction and wear. This work fabricated polymer-based self-lubricating materials by incorporating oil-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs + YR1800) in the polypropylene resin (PP). The effects of different content of MSNs + YR1800 on the tribological and mechanical properties of the obtained self-lubricating composite materials were studied. The results indicate that the content of MSNs + YR1800 in composite materials significantly impacts their tribological properties. When the content of MSNs + YR1800 was 10 wt%, the coefficient of friction reduced to 0.09,which was 84.5% lower than for PP and 78.6% lower than for composite materials containing 5 wt% mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNs). Compared with pure PP, the wear rate decreases from 4.93 × 10−11 m3∙Nm−1 to 4.43 × 10−13 m3∙Nm−1, which is reduced by two orders of magnitude. The excellent tribological properties of composite materials are attributed to the high specific surface area, large pore volume, strong adsorption capacity, and high oil loading capacity of mesoporous silica nanoparticle as nanofillers. The MSNs + YR1800 release lubricants to form a lubricating oil film during the friction process under load conditions, preventing direct contact between the friction pair and the surface of the composite material. Compared with polymer-silica hybrid oil-loaded microcapsules, MSNs + YR1800 can effectively reduce lubricant leakage, prolong operation life, improve lubrication efficiency, and ensure the continuous and stable existence of lubricating oil films.

The tensile properties of adhesively bonded single lap joints with short kevlar fiber

In this paper, short Kevlar fiber was added to epoxy resin adhesive to form a short fiber toughened adhesive, and its effect on the static strength and elongation at break of Carbon fiber laminate adhesively bonded single lap joints was investigated. 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt% and 4 wt% short Kevlar fibers were added to make short fiber toughened adhesive joints to investigate the effects of different contents of short Kevlar fibers on the connecting properties of the test pieces of Carbon fiber laminate single lap adhesively bonded joints; In addition, microscopic toughening mechanism of short Kevlar fiber in adhesives revealed by combining DIC technique and SEM technique. The test results showed that the addition of appropriate amount of short Kevlar fiber could slow down the crack extension compared with the without toughening specimens, but the toughening effect was weakened by excessive content. 2 wt% short Kevlar fiber toughened specimens achieved the best toughening effect, with 30.52 % increase in peak load and 25.78 % increase in elongation in tensile test. The combination of DIC and SEM further showed that short Kevlar fiber toughened joints absorb crack strain energy through fiber-bridging thus increasing adhesive properties.

Investigation of sintering properties and behavior of sericite ceramifying powder under low temperature

AbstractPolymer–ceramic composites are widely used in refractory cables. The ceramic fillers provide high temperature and fire resistance, while the polymer matrix provides flexibility and improved electrical insulation. The properties of the polymer–ceramic composites are determined by the ceramization‐forming properties of the corresponding ceramifying powders. Properties such as shrinkage, density, and porosity were characterized to compare the effects of different contents of glass powder. The sintering activation energy was calculated using the logarithmic relationship between shrinkage and holding time. The microstructure, cross‐section, and crystalline phases were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to explore the ceramization process of sericite ceramifying powder. The ceramization process of ceramifying powder is proposed. The results show that during low‐temperature sintering, the glass powder and muscovite phases melt and partially transform into α‐quartz and albite low during cooling down.

Effect of psyllium husk powder on the gelation behavior, microstructure, and intermolecular interactions in myofibrillar protein gels from Andrias davidianus

The interaction between proteins and soluble dietary fibers plays a vital role in the development of animal-derived foods. Herein, the effects of different contents (0–3.0%) of round-bracted psyllium husk powder (PHP) on the gelation behavior, microstructure, and intermolecular interactions of Andrias davidianus myofibrillar protein (MP) were investigated. Rheological and chemical forces suggested that PHP (1.5%–2.0%) enhanced the functional properties of MP at low ionic strength, thereby increasing the viscoelasticity of mixed gels. SDS-PAGE revealed that PHP reinforced the cross-linking and aggregation of protein molecules. Circular dichroism spectroscopy, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that PHP induced the transformation of α-helix (decreased by 14.85%) to an ordered β-sheet structure (increased by 81.58%), which was more favorable for the formation of dense network structure and improved (10.53%) the water retention of MP gels. This study provided new insights for PHP to effectively meliorate the heat-induced gelling properties of MP.

Vat Photopolymerization of Sepiolite Fiber and 316L Stainless Steel-Reinforced Alumina with Functionally Graded Structures.

Alumina (Al2O3) ceramics are widely used in electronics, machinery, healthcare, and other fields due to their excellent hardness and high temperature stability. However, their high brittleness limits further applications, such as artificial ceramic implants and highly flexible protective gear. To address the limitations of single-phase toughening in Al2O3 ceramics, some researchers have introduced a second phase to enhance these ceramics. However, introducing a single phase still limits the range of performance improvement. Therefore, this study explores the printing of Al2O3 ceramics by adding two different phases. Additionally, a new gradient printing technique is proposed to overcome the limitations of single material homogeneity, such as uniform performance and the presence of large residual stresses. Unlike traditional vat photopolymerization printing technology, this study stands out by generating green bodies with varying second-phase particle ratios across different layers. This study investigated the effects of different contents of sepiolite fiber (SF) and 316L stainless steel (SS) on various aspects of microstructure, phase composition, physical properties, and mechanical properties of gradient-printed Al2O3. The experimental results demonstrate that compared to Al2O3 parts without added SF and 316L SS, the inclusion of these materials can significantly reduce porosity and water absorption, resulting in a denser structure. In addition, the substantial improvements, with an increase of 394.4% in flexural strength and an increase of 316.7% in toughness, of the Al2O3 components enhanced by incorporating SF and 316L SS have been obtained.

Feasibility of natural bamboo branches aggregate applied to the thermal insulation layer of rock walls in roadways

The high-temperature heat damage is mainly caused by heat dissipation of surrounding rock in deep mining of mine, so spraying thermal insulation layer (TIL) on mine roadway can be used to actively heat insulation. As a kind of green material, bamboo branches have excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties. In this paper, gravel and ceramsite were used as aggregate, bamboo branches and glass hollow bead were used as main thermal insulation materials, and the effects of different content, diameter, and length of bamboo branches on mechanical properties, thermal insulation properties, and microstructure were studied through orthogonal experiments. A group of specimens with the best comprehensive performance was selected through the analysis of the efficiency coefficient, and the optimal ratio was determined. This ratio ensures the perfect balance between insulation and strength for TIL, which is essential for the preparation of TIL. At the same time, the numerical simulation software Fluent was used to establish the roadway model, and the cooling effect of the TIL on the airflow temperature in the roadway under different working conditions was studied based on the parameters of the selected specimens. These parameters are based on the actual characteristics of the specimen, and their accuracy ensures the reliability and validity of the research results. The results show that under the optimal mixing ratio, the thermal conductivity (TC) of the specimen is 0.224 W/(m·K), the thermal insulation performance of the prepared coating is increased by 25∼65 %, and the mechanical strength is also improved. The optimal mix ratio obtained in this study can be applied to the field of mine thermal damage control, and the feasibility of natural bamboo branches for preparing roadway thermal insulation material is demonstrated. Bamboo branches grow rapidly, and their use as thermal insulation materials will not only not cause a burden on the environment, but help to promote ecological recycling and achieve sustainable use of resources.

Influence of fullerene content on the properties of polyurethane resins: A study of rheology and thermal characteristics

The effect of different contents of fullerene on the properties of polyurethane resins (PUs), including rheology and thermal properties, was investigated. Polyurethane resins were prepared through polyaddition reactions using different isocyanate monomers such as isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and different polyols, such as poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol (PTMG), the triol trade name FA-703, and polypropylene glycols (PPG), at an NCO/OH ratio 0.94 and a temperature of 100 °C. IR spectroscopy was used to control the polymerization of PUs through the shifting of NCO peaks. The results showed that the rheology and thermal properties of the prepared PU resins depend on the type of isocyanates and fullerene used. Based on the type of isocyanates, the PU resin prepared by MDI has the highest viscosity and thermal stability compared to the other isocyanates investigated. On the other hand, the PU resins prepared by IPDI mixed with fullerene had the highest viscosity and thermal stability. However, the initial decomposition temperature (T onset) of the PUs decreased with the addition of fullerene without affecting the maximum decomposition temperature (PDTmax) of the PU resin.

Bitumen-Biopolymer Materials Modified with Polylactic Acid with Improved Physical and Chemical Properties

With the continuous expansion of the global automobile fleet, there is an escalating demand to enhance and maintain current road infrastructure. Given the information provided, there will be a growing demand for bitumen, a key raw material used in the manufacturing of asphalt. Bitumen may account for up to 60% of the total usage in asphalt production. This study aims to determine the effect of different content of polylactic acid (PLA) on the change in the chemical and physical properties of biopolymer bitumen during its modification. This study was carried out by using a sample of petroleum road bitumen from CASPI BITUM (Kazakhstan) and a sample of PLA from Zhejiang Hisun (China). As a part of the research, the change of quality indicators of biopolymer bitumen when adding 4%–10% of PLA to it has been established. The results showed that the values of the average molecular weight and average molar mass increased with increasing the content of PLA in biopolymer bitumen. In particular, when the PLA content in biopolymer bitumen increased up to 10%, the average molecular weight of the biopolymer bitumen increased from 1,263 to 2,759 Mw and the average molar mass increased from 1,215 to 1,395 Mn. It was shown that increasing the PLA content in biopolymer bitumen from 0% to 10% leads to an increase in the softening temperature from 47 to 70°C or ∼ 49%. It was found that all examined samples of biopolymer bitumen are characterized by increased plasticity at 25°C (>100 cm). It has been established that the addition of 8% PLA to bitumen allows one to obtain a biopolymer bitumen of optimal quality. The results obtained can be used to produce road biopolymer bitumen.

Development of MWCNTs@PDMS nanocomposites with enhanced hydrophobicity and thermo-oxidative stability

This paper presents the fabrication of hydrophobic polymer nanomaterials with improved thermal characteristics based on MWCNTs and poly(dimethylsiloxane). The samples were synthesized by physical adsorption of poly(dimethylsiloxane) onto P-MWCNTs surfaces in the amount from 5 to 20 wt%. The effect of different content of adsorbed polymer on the structure and properties of the prepared nanocomposites was studied in detail using ATR-FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and RS techniques. XPS results showed that with the increase of adsorbed PDMS onto the MWCNTs surfaces, the Si 2p atomic percentage increased from 1.5 to 5.0 at.%. The investigation of thermal properties using TGA/DSC techniques in air atmosphere revealed that polymer adsorption on the MWCNTs surfaces enhances the thermo-oxidative stability of the nanocomposites to a great extent. The WCA of MWCNTs@PDMS-1000(20) nanocomposite reached 138.9° while this value was 81.8° in the case of the P-MWCNTs. The electrical characterization of the examined samples demonstrated a non-linear current–voltage behaviour and the invariance of the electrical current value with the increasing polymer content in the nanocomposites. The results suggest that the obtained nanocomposites have multi-functional surfaces and are promising for integration into a silicon-based polymer matrix for the development of new materials for electronic devices.

Assessing Learning in an Immersive Virtual Reality: A Curriculum-Based Experiment in Chemistry Education

Despite the recent advances in Virtual Reality technology and its use in education, the review of the literature shows several gaps in research on how immersive virtual environments impact the learning process. In particular, the lack of curriculum-specific experiments along with investigations of the effects of different content, activity, and interaction types in the current VR studies has been identified as a significant shortcoming. This has been more significant in STEM fields, where VR has the potential to offer engaging experiential learning opportunities. The study reported here was designed to address this gap by assessing the effect of authentic visualization and interaction types on learning a particular scientific concept. A use case scenario of “orbital hybridization” in chemistry education was selected to create this experiment and to collect data for analysis. We collected data on learning outcomes, task-completion efficiency, accuracy, and subjective usability. A combination of learning content and tasks designed based on the relevant educational theories was presented to three groups: 2D, VR interaction type 1 (hand gestures), and VR interaction type 2 (ray casting). The results showed that VR could improve learning and that interaction type could influence efficiency and accuracy depending on the task.

Effect of E-waste copper alloy additions on the microstructure and organization of Cu90PSn brazing joints.

The effects of different contents of e-waste alloy on the microstructure and joint properties of Cu90PSn brazing filler metal was investigated during copper and copper brazing. Microstructure of base metal and brazing filler metal was studied with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The properties of brazing joint obtained by adding different electronic waste filler metal for smelting copper alloy were compared together. The results indicated that the fluidity of Cu90PSn brazing filler metal was weakened and the spreading property of Cu90PSn brazing filler metal was damaged after the addition of e-waste copper alloy. The structure of Cu90PSn brazing filler metal is mainly composed of (Cu), Cu3P and (Cu,Sn) compounds. When a small amount of electronic waste copper alloy is added, a trace amount of Fe in the brazing filler metal is distributed in the matrix structure of the filler metal in the form of solid solution. With the increase of copper alloys contents by smelting e-waste, Fe content in Cu90PSn brazing filler metal increases; the granular Fe3P phosphide changes into lamellar form. The Cu3P compound phase changes from continuous large orderly arrangement to discontinuous small block structure. Therefore, adding a trace amount of electronic waste copper alloy to the solder induction brazing copper/copper can obtain a uniform composition of the brazing structure. And the welding performance is not affected. However, As the content of e-waste smelted copper alloy continues to increase, the tensile strength shows a downward trend, which is attributed to the presence of brittle compound Fe3P in the joint.

Influence of doping Si3N4 nanoparticles on the properties and microstructure of Sn58Bi solder for connecting Cu substrate

Purpose This study aims to explore the feasibility of adding Si3N4 nanoparticles to Sn58Bi and provides a theoretical basis for designing and applying new lead-free solder materials for the electronic packaging industry. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, Sn58Bi-xSi3N4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 Wt.%) was prepared for bonding Cu substrate, and the changes in thermal properties, wettability, microstructure, interfacial intermetallic compound and mechanical properties of the composite solder were systematically studied. Findings The experiment results demonstrate that including Si3N4 nanoparticles does not significantly impact the melting point of Sn58Bi solder, and the undercooling degree of solder only fluctuates slightly. The molten solder spreading area reached a maximum of 96.17 mm2, raised by 19.41% relative to those without Si3N4, and the wetting angle was the smallest at 0.6 Wt.% of Si3N4, with a minimum value of 8.35°. When the Si3N4 nanoparticles reach 0.6 Wt.%, the solder joint microstructure is significantly refined. Appropriately adding Si3N4 nanoparticles will slightly increase the solder alloy hardness. When the concentration of Si3N4 reaches 0.6 Wt.%, the joints shear strength reached 45.30 MPa, representing a 49.85% increase compared to those without additives. A thorough examination indicates that legitimately incorporating Si3N4 nanoparticles into Sn58Bi solder can enhance its synthetical performance, and 0.6 Wt.% is the best addition amount in our test setting. Originality/value In this paper, Si3N4 nanoparticles were incorporated into Sn58Bi solder, and the effects of different contents of Si3N4 nanoparticles on Sn58Bi solder were investigated from various aspects.

Determination of flammability indicators of multicomponent biofuel in diesel

The object of research — multicomponent biofuel compositions, including 15 and 25 % rapeseed oil and ethanol, up to 100 % diesel fuel: MCBFC-15, MCBFC-25. The research objective is to study the effect of different content of rapeseed oil and ethanol additives in the MCBFC on their flammability indicators. The purpose of the study is the analytical determination of the cetane number and the ignition delay period in a diesel engine during its operation on MCBFC-15, MCBFC-25. Research methods — empirical analysis and generalization, development of a mathematical model. Keywords diesel fuel, rapeseed oil, ethanol, multicomponent biofuel composition (MCBFC), cetane number, ignition delay period

Determination of rational regulations of diesel engine fuel supply equipment when working on biomineral fuel mixtures

The object of research is an experimental installation consisting of a D-245.5S2 diesel engine and a RAPIDO SAK N670 electric brake stand for operation on pure diesel fuel and on multicomponent biomineral fuel mixtures (BMFM): BMFM-10, BMFM-25. The research objective is to study the effect of different content of additives of Barbarйa vulgбris oil and ethanol in BMFM on effective and toxic indicators. The purpose of the study is to determine the rational adjustments of the fuel pump YAZDA-773-40.28 diesel D-245.5S2 when it is operated on BMFM-10, BMFM-25. Research methods — experimental testing by conducting bench tests according to GOST 18509—88. Keywords fuel injection pump, setting angle of fuel injection advance, Barbarйa vulgбris oil, ethanol, diesel fuel, biomineral fuel mixture (BMFM), effective indicators, environmental indicators

Preparation of lightweight polycarbonate composite foams with robust hollow glass microspheres via CO2 foaming

AbstractPolycarbonate (PC) composites are often used in the production of high value‐added products, but it is necessary to improve its environment stress cracking condition in the presence of pre‐strain and soluble solvents. In this work, the effect of weight reduction and strengthening is realized by introducing microstructures and hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) into the PC composites. It is found that the addition of HGMs can reduce the melt viscosity and Tg value of the composite materials, which will change the foaming behavior of PC/HGMs composites. Besides, the effect of different content of HGMS and foaming temperature on the foaming behavior of PC/HGMs composite foams are studied. The PC/HGMs composite foams exhibit a typical structure of both large and small cellular pores, because of the existence of hollow beads and cellular structures. Moreover, compared to the neat PC foam, the tensile strength as well as the flexural strength of the composite foams are significantly increased by 110.9% and 364.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the as‐prepared PC/HGMs composite foams have low thermal conductivity (lower than 0.07 W/mK), which can effectively insulate heat propagation.Highlights Hollow glass microsphere can reduce melt viscosity and Tg of composites. The mechanical properties of composite foams have been greatly improved. Composite foams exhibit excellent thermal stability due to their microstructure.