PURPOSE: To observe the effect of core strength training on rehabilitation and core strength of patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS: 120 patients diagnosed as LBP in the affiliated sports hospital of Chengdu Sport Institute are divided into three groups by using randomized, controlled, single-blind experimental methods. The patients in the first group (group A) use basic treatment (acupuncture, massage, TDP irradiation) and core strength training. Basic treatment and gymnastics training are applied for the patients in the second group (group B), while basic treatment is used for the third group (group C). All the trainings continue 8 weeks. Spss19.0 is used for statistics analyses. Efficiency analysis, VAS score and core strength are tested before treatment, after 3 and 8 weeks of treatment. The efficiency is calculated by Ridit analysis. RESULTS: 106 patients participate the whole process and the baseline data before intervention are basically same, and there is no difference in three groups. After 8 weeks training, all the test indicators have changed as follows: 1.Efficiency: The total effective rate is 94.1% in group A, 88.6% in group B, 86.5% in group C. There is a significant difference between group A,B and C by Ridit analysis(P<0.01). There is no difference between group B and C (p>0.05). 2.VAS score: There is no significant difference before intervention. After intervention, the score of group A decreased by 4.68 points, 3.77 points in group B and 3.81 points in group C. There is a significant difference in three groups (p<0.01), while there is no significant difference between group B and C(p>0.05). 3.core strength: the strength of group A has a significant improvement between three groups(p<0.01). There is no significant difference in the ratio of extension/flexion strength, left/right flexural force(p>0.05). After 8 weeks, The ratio of extension/flexion strength changes significantly in group A (p<0.01); the ratio of muscle strength in left/right curve shows that group A and B has significant differences (p<0.05) while highly significant difference C (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: After 8 weeks intervention, basic treatment and core strength training can significantly improve the rehabilitation and the core strength, reduce pain and optimize the efficiency of LBP patients.