Effects Of Brisk Walking Research Articles

AN IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF BRISK WALKING WITH OR WITHOUT MUSIC THERAPY IN REDUCING MENSTRUAL PAIN AMONG YOUTH WITH PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA

Background: Dysmenorrhea divides into two type’s primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and secondary dysmenorrhea (SD). Dysmenorrhea with absence of pelvic abnormality is termed primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and is likely experience among young women population aged between 15 to 25 years. Despite the effectiveness of the exercise on managing PD, the immediate result of the intervention towards pain was not signified. The study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of Brisk Walking (BW) with or without Music Therapy (MT) in reducing menstrual pain among youth with primary dysmenorrhea. Material and methods: This experimental study involving 102 female subjects with primary dysmenorrhea aged between 18 to 25 years were divided into two equal groups: a Brisk Walking group (n=51), and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy group (n=51). The menstrual pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pre and post-test taken within 2 menstrual cycle period. The Maximum Heart Rate of each subject were calculated prior Brisk Walking and exercise was conducted within 60 -70% of the individual’s Maximum Heart Rate for 20 minutes. The Music Therapy was completed in their home with music provided by researcher for 20 minutes duration. Results: The data was assessed using the Paired T-test and Independent T-test. The result within the group showed significant value with p<0.05 in both groups. Comparison between groups also showed significant difference p<0.05. Conclusion: A greater improvement was seen in the Brisk Walking with Music Therapy intervention group in managing primary dysmenorrhea. In specific, it is also proven that both study groups, Brisk Walking and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy promote pain reduction.

EFFECT OF BRISK WALKING ON THE PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FITNESS OF THE INACTIVE ADULTS

Modern technology has made life style luxurious and hence people are addicted to it, many old days’ chores are performed very easily with the help of machines and technological advancement hence it has affected everyone’s life making us inactive up to certain extent. In ancient time man was doing all his work using his own bodily powers. He was walking long distances to get the thing as well as do all his work physically which was keeping all the people healthy. Effect of brisk walking on the Physical fitness and Physiological fitness of the inactive adults. Methodology of the study 100 adult were divided into two groups of in to five groups in each group there will be only 50 inactive male adults each one. The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of brisk walking on the Physical and Physiological fitness of the inactive adults. With the help of physical work the people can maintain their health and fitness, but inactive life style decreases the fitness and the health is jeopardized. The process of aging of the working parts of the body is perfectly natural. Walking is the most efficient form of exercise and the only one that a person can safely follow for a lifetime. Walking gives a feeling of muscular strength by toning major muscles. Walking counteracts feelings of fatigue. Walking improves circulations by

Effects of brisk walking with or without music on body composition, standing balance, cardiovascular parameters, and salivary biomarkers in older women.

This study aimed to assess and compare changes in body composition, standing balance, cardiovascular parameters, and salivary biomarkers, particularly salivary antioxidant status, after brisk walking training with or without music in older women. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to brisk walking groups: with music (BWM) (n=12) or without music (BW) (n=12). Eighteen subjects completed the exercise training (9 in each group), and their data were used for analysis. The research protocols were classified into three phases: pretraining phase, training phase, and posttraining phase, while the data collection was divided into four sessions: resting condition, during treadmill exercise testing, immediately posttreadmill exercise testing, and 5-min posttreadmill exercise testing defined as after the cool-down session. The results showed that 8 weeks of home-based brisk walking with or without music did not improve standing balance, blood pressure, salivary biomarkers including total protein concentration, and antioxidant status but maintained or prevented the decline of these parameters. Only the BWM group reduced fat mass relative to increasing fat-free mass (P<0.05) and improved recovery heart rate (P<0.05) by modifying cardiac autonomic control in posttreadmill exercise testing. Therefore, brisk walking with preferred music can be a tool to delay the progression of cardiovascular dysfunction in older women. A longer duration of the exercise program and larger groups of participants are needed for further investigation of brisk walking with or without music on physiological and biochemical changes.

Effect of Brisk Walking on Self-Care Agency or Care Dependency among Colorectal Cancer Patients with Permanent Stoma

Effect of Brisk Walking on Self-Care Agency or Care Dependency among Colorectal Cancer Patients with Permanent Stoma

READING AND TEXTING WHILE WALKING EFFECTS ON GAIT INDICES AMONG COLLEGIATE STUDENTS

Background: Dysmenorrhea divides into two type’s primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and secondary dysmenorrhea (SD). Dysmenorrhea with absence of pelvic abnormality is termed primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and is likely experience among young women population aged between 15 to 25 years. Despite the effectiveness of the exercise on managing PD, the immediate result of the intervention towards pain was not signified. The study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of Brisk Walking (BW) with or without Music Therapy (MT) in reducing menstrual pain among youth with primary dysmenorrhea. Material and methods: This experimental study involving 102 female subjects with primary dysmenorrhea aged between 18 to 25 years were divided into two equal groups: a Brisk Walking group (n=51), and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy group (n=51). The menstrual pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pre and post-test taken within 2 menstrual cycle period. The Maximum Heart Rate of each subject were calculated prior Brisk Walking and exercise was conducted within 60 -70% of the individual’s Maximum Heart Rate for 20 minutes. The Music Therapy was completed in their home with music provided by researcher for 20 minutes duration. Results: The data was assessed using the Paired T-test and Independent T-test. The result within the group showed significant value with p&lt;0.05 in both groups. Comparison between groups also showed significant difference p&lt;0.05. Conclusion: A greater improvement was seen in the Brisk Walking with Music Therapy intervention group in managing primary dysmenorrhea. In specific, it is also proven that both study groups, Brisk Walking and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy promote pain reduction.

AN IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF BRISK WALKING WITH OR WITHOUT MUSIC THERAPY IN REDUCING MENSTRUAL PAIN AMONG YOUTH WITH PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA

Background: Dysmenorrhea divides into two type’s primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and secondary dysmenorrhea (SD). Dysmenorrhea with absence of pelvic abnormality is termed primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and is likely experience among young women population aged between 15 to 25 years. Despite the effectiveness of the exercise on managing PD, the immediate result of the intervention towards pain was not signified. The study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of Brisk Walking (BW) with or without Music Therapy (MT) in reducing menstrual pain among youth with primary dysmenorrhea. Material and methods: This experimental study involving 102 female subjects with primary dysmenorrhea aged between 18 to 25 years were divided into two equal groups: a Brisk Walking group (n=51), and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy group (n=51). The menstrual pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pre and post-test taken within 2 menstrual cycle period. The Maximum Heart Rate of each subject were calculated prior Brisk Walking and exercise was conducted within 60 -70% of the individual’s Maximum Heart Rate for 20 minutes. The Music Therapy was completed in their home with music provided by researcher for 20 minutes duration. Results: The data was assessed using the Paired T-test and Independent T-test. The result within the group showed significant value with p&lt;0.05 in both groups. Comparison between groups also showed significant difference p&lt;0.05. Conclusion: A greater improvement was seen in the Brisk Walking with Music Therapy intervention group in managing primary dysmenorrhea. In specific, it is also proven that both study groups, Brisk Walking and Brisk Walking with Music Therapy promote pain reduction.

Effects of brisk walking on fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in diabetic patients

Background: Aerobic exercises have been administered as an adjunct treatment for health conditions; however, the effects of brisk walking on Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients living with hypertension in Ghana are yet to be explored.Aim: To determine the effects of brisk walking on fasting blood glucose and blood pressure of patients with T2DM living with hypertension in Ghana.Setting: The National Diabetes Management and Research centre at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital.Methods: Males and females above 18 years with T2DM and hypertension were included. Fasting blood glucose, anthropometric measurements and distance walked were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. The intervention consisted of brisk walking three times a week for 8 weeks.Results: Sixty participants completed the intervention. There was a statistically significant reduction of fasting blood glucose (baseline: 8.79 mmol/L (3.55), after intervention: 7.62 mmol/L (2.73) with p = 0.02) and blood pressure levels: (systolic blood pressure baseline: 141.12 mmHg (2.91) after intervention 120.75 mmHg (1.21) with p = 0.00); diastolic blood pressure (baseline: 80.78 mmHg (1.66), after intervention mmHg 69.38 (1.05) with p = 0.00) between baseline and post-intervention.Conclusion: Eight weeks of brisk walking reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in patients with T2DM and hypertension.Contribution: This study will enlighten healthcare workers about the integration of brisk walking as a possible adjunct to control blood glucose and blood pressure levels in patients with T2DM and hypertension.

Literature Review: Effect of Brisk Walking on Blood Sugar Levels in Pa-tients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is a chronic disease when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin. Therefore, it takes a good way for sufferers to go through the entire process of diabetes treatment and care. Physical activity, such as brisk walking, has benefited people with diabetes and pre-diabetes. This activity has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce belly fat. Literature review aims to analyze the application of brisk walking to blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus over the past five years. Methods analysis of articles related to brisk walking in lowering blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus through data obtained from Google Scholar, EBSCO, and PubMed empirical studies in the last five years, as many as eight journals under the inclusion criteria set by the author. An analysis showed that brisk walking could reduce blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Based on the results of these eight journals, almost all journals have significant impacts that brisk walking affects blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus

Effects Of Brisk Walking On Post-exercise Blood Pressure Of Middle-aged And Elderly Hypertensive Patients

Effects Of Brisk Walking On Post-exercise Blood Pressure Of Middle-aged And Elderly Hypertensive Patients

Investigation of a UK biobank cohort reveals causal associations of self-reported walking pace with telomere length

Walking pace is a simple and functional form of movement and a strong predictor of health status, but the nature of its association with leucocyte telomere length (LTL) is unclear. Here we investigate whether walking pace is associated with LTL, which is causally associated with several chronic diseases and has been proposed as a marker of biological age. Analyses were conducted in 405,981 UK Biobank participants. We show that steady/average and brisk walkers had significantly longer LTL compared with slow walkers, with accelerometer-assessed measures of physical activity further supporting this through an association between LTL and habitual activity intensity, but not with total amount of activity. Bi-directional mendelian randomisation analyses suggest a causal link between walking pace and LTL, but not the other way around. A faster walking pace may be causally associated with longer LTL, which could help explain some of the beneficial effects of brisk walking on health status. Given its simple measurement and low heritability, self-reported walking pace may be a pragmatic target for interventions.

The Effect of Brisk Walking on Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients: A Literature Review

Hypertension is a condition caused by disruption in the bloodstream which can make it more difficult for oxygen and food substances (nutrients) from the blood to be delivered to the tissues in need. Hypertension is also known as a silent disease, which can lead to more dangerous and life-threatening complications. As a chronic condition, hypertension requires proper treatment not only pharmacologically but non-pharmacologically. One alternative in improving the circulatory system in the body is brisk walking exercise. The aim of this literature review was to find out the effect of brisk walking on blood pressure in hypertension patients. 10 articles were included, which were found from searching through three databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, for experimental studies published from 2017 to 2020. According to the results, brisk walking can control blood pressure from an average of 150 and diastolic measurements of 100 mmHg to an average of 140 and 80 mmHg, respectively, with significant average values from the 10 articles. Brisk walking can reduce blood pressure in hypertension patients when carried out three times a week in the morning, with a duration of 30-45 minutes, for at least three months (regularly).&#x0D; Keywords: hypertension, brisk walking exercise, blood pressure

Effect of Different Homework on Chronic Morbidity among Single Older People

Background: A solid evidence base supports the positive relationship between regular physical activity and health, and studies have largely examined the effects of brisk walking, leisure-time exercise, or occupational activity rather than domestic activities. Objective: Determine how housework and physical activities (gardening, harvesting water and firewood (for winter), cleaning of the whole house, shopping) affect the development of morbidity among the elderly population. Materials and Methods: The 2481 members of the community were taken from two cities of the Turkestan region, Shimkent and Turkestan. For contingency tables, the χ2 criterion was used to assess the significance of differences between the actual (identified as a result of the study) quantitative or qualitative characteristics of the sample falling into each category and the theoretical amount that can be expected in the study groups if the null hypothesis is true.For multi-table tables have used Cramer’s V criterion V. Results: Gardening and Shopping showed a weak relationship between these variables at 48.9 and 36.8% with confidence levels p = 0,001 and 0,0001, respectively. V Cramer showed a weak bond at 0.13-0.12 for both variables. Collection of water and firewood (for winter) and cleaning of the whole house/apartment, illustrates the absence of any connection between the nominal variables under investigation and the frequency at cm2 5.6-16.4 with the confidence level p = 0,0003 -0,001, respectively. Conclusion: As can be seen from the above results, physical activity particularly housework does not obviously show a connection in the development of chronic morbidity among single elderly people.

Efficacy of the Motivational Interviewing-Walk Intervention for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and Quality of Life During Oxaliplatin Treatment: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is prevalent among gastrointestinal cancer survivors and often impairs quality of life (QOL). This pilot randomized controlled trial aimed to explore the effect of an 8-week home-based brisk walking (the "MI-Walk") intervention on (1) OIPN severity and (2) QOL at 8 weeks, compared with physical activity (PA) education alone in oxaliplatin-receiving adults with gastrointestinal cancer. Participants (N = 57) recruited from 5 infusion sites received PA education at their second oxaliplatin visit, followed by phone assessments of adverse events over 8 weeks. Half (n = 29) received additional MI-Walk intervention motivational supports (eg, a Fitbit Charge 2 and motivational enhancement therapy sessions). Self-reported OIPN, QOL, and PA were measured before and after intervention. The intervention compared with the control condition had no effect on sensory OIPN (mean difference [] = -0.01; P > .99), motor OIPN (=2.39; P = .17), and QOL (= -1.43; P > .99). Eight-week sensory (=11.48 ± 0.38) and motor OIPN severities ( = 7.48 ± 0.36) were mild but higher than baseline (P ≤ .01). Self-reported PA level increased over time in both groups (=44.85; P = .01). Averaging ≥225 moderate to vigorous PA minutes per week led to less sensory OIPN, particularly finger/hand tingling (= -26.35; P = .01). This study failed to detect beneficial effects of the MI-Walk intervention; however, the findings suggest that aerobic walking may blunt but not completely prevent OIPN. Further research is necessary. Although the effectiveness of brisk walking in reducing OIPN is unclear, this study supports prior evidence that moderate to vigorous PA is beneficial and safe during chemotherapy treatment.

Genome-wide association study of self-reported walking pace suggests beneficial effects of brisk walking on health and survival

Walking is a simple form of exercise, widely promoted for its health benefits. Self-reported walking pace has been associated with a range of cardiorespiratory and cancer outcomes, and is a strong predictor of mortality. Here we perform a genome-wide association study of self-reported walking pace in 450,967 European ancestry UK Biobank participants. We identify 70 independent associated loci (P < 5 × 10−8), 11 of which are novel. We estimate the SNP-based heritability as 13.2% (s.e. = 0.21%), reducing to 8.9% (s.e. = 0.17%) with adjustment for body mass index. Significant genetic correlations are observed with cardiometabolic, respiratory and psychiatric traits, educational attainment and all-cause mortality. Mendelian randomization analyses suggest a potential causal link of increasing walking pace with a lower cardiometabolic risk profile. Given its low heritability and simple measurement, these findings suggest that self-reported walking pace is a pragmatic target for interventions aiming for general benefits on health.

The effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on metabolic responses, gastrointestinal function, and appetite in healthy men

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on gastric emptying rate (GER), metabolic responses and appetite hormone responses.Subjects/methodsTwelve healthy men completed two 45 min treadmill walks, fasted (FASTED) and followed consumption of a standardised breakfast (FED). GER of a standardised lunch was subsequently measured for 2 h using the 13C-breath test method. Blood samples were collected at baseline, post-breakfast period, pre-exercise, immediately post exercise, pre-lunch then every 30 min following lunch for 2 h. Circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin (GHR), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucose, insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and cholesterol were measured. Subjective feelings of appetite were assessed at 15 min intervals throughout. Substrate utilisation was measured every 30 min, and continuously throughout exercise by indirect calorimetry.ResultsNo differences were observed for GER T½ (FASTED 89 ± 22 vs. FED 89 ± 24 min, P = 0.868) nor Tlag (FASTED 55 ± 15 vs. FED 54 ± 14 min, P = 0.704). NEFA concentrations were higher in FASTED at pre-exercise, post exercise and 30 min post exercise (pre-lunch) (all P < 0.05) but no differences were observed for glucose, cholesterol or triglycerides. Carbohydrate oxidation was greater at all time-points during FED exercise (all P < 0.05). Minimal changes in appetite were observed post lunch ingestion with no differences in PYY or GHR observed between trials. GLP-1 concentrations were greater in FED post-breakfast and pre-exercise (P < 0.05), though no differences were observed after lunch. A greater concentration of PP was observed in FED from pre-exercise to 30 min post lunch consumption (all P < 0.05). Insulin concentrations were higher in FED pre-exercise but higher in FASTED 1.5 h post lunch (P < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings suggest that gastrointestinal function, hunger and appetite regulatory hormones are not sensitive to low-intensity bouts of physical activity and holds positive implications for weight management practices.

Effects of brisk walking on autonomic nervous system reactivation in nursing home residents

The decrease of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity that occurs with age is associated with an increase of cardiovascular events and morbidities. It has been shown that physical activity helps reducing the ANS activity age-related decline but remains poorly practiced among nursing home residents. Therefore, we aim to compare the effects of a 9-month brisk walking training (1 time a week or 3 times a week) on the ANS activity in frail nursing home residents. One hundred 60-year-old subjects and older will be recruited within the ten nursing homes of La mutualité française Loire Haute-Loire, France (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03302923 ) and will be randomized into 3 groups: G1: one brisk walking session a week; G2: three brisk walking session a week; G3: Control group (no training). Testing procedure will occur at the inclusion and after 3 months, 6 months and 9 months of training. The primary outcome is the heart rate variability measured by 24 hours Holter ECG, especially global and parasympathetic indices such as SDNN and RMSSD respectively. The maximal distance performed during the 6-minute walk test is also used as a secondary outcome measure. Twenty-three subjects aged 80.1 ± 10.7 years currently accomplished the whole training protocol. Compared with control group, subjects trained 3 times a week experienced an increase of parasympathetic activity (RMSSD value) by 58.3% ( P < 0.01) while global (SDNN) activity did not differ significantly. Subjects from the latter group also improved their 6 min walking distance by 12.0% ( P < 0.01). A nine-month brisk walking training enhances parasympathetic activity and improves walking distance in frail institutionalized old people. In that view physical activity may prevent cardiovascular risks and might help to reduce the loss of autonomy even after 80.

Effects of Brisk Walking on Physical Performance and Muscle Function in Community Dwelling Elderly Women

Aim: To examine the impact of a 12-week brisk walking program on physical performance and muscle function in community-dwelling healthy elderly women. Methods: The study was conducted in a group of 27 women with mean age 68.6 ± 5.5 years and mean BMI 28.2 ± 4.37 Kg/m2. Anthropometric variables (BMI, weight, height, waist circumference), body composition measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), the 400 meters walking test, the short physical performance battery, the physical activity level with the PASE questionnaire, handgrip, isometric strength and power of the lower limbs with dynamometer were evaluated at baseline and three months follow-up. All subjects were involved in brisk walking sessions, 1 and ½ h per day on 2 days each week under the supervision of a qualified physical education instructor for 12 weeks. The physical activity intensity has been calculated on the basis of the Borg Scale (RPE scale=13 “somewhat hard”). Results: At 3 months of follow-up, a reduction in waist circumference, total and percentage fat mass, an improvement of peak torque and power of lower limbs and in all the performance test administered was observed. In addition, dividing the population into two sub-groups based on the frequency to walking groups, it was observed that the group with higher attendance presented a significantly greater increase of muscle peak torque, power and specific power values. Moreover subjects with greater attendance showed significantly higher reduction of the time to perform the 400 meters test. Conclusions: Moderate aerobic exercise can improve muscle strength, physical performance and body composition. Dividing the study population into two groups on the basis of greater or lesser participation in the walk groups, the group with frequency percentage higher than 70% showed a significantly greater improvement in peak torque, power and the specific power, suggesting a dose-dependent effect.

Effects of brisk walking on autonomic nervous system reactivation in nursing home residents. Additional effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation

It is well established that physical activity reduces the physiological effects of ageing. Among them, is the decrease of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, which is associated with the increase of cardiovascular events and morbidities. It has been shown that high intensity cycle training can enhance the ANS activity by 30% in people with the age of 70. However, such trainings were done by old athletes, used to train at intensities that could not be tolerated by sedentary old people, such as nursing home residents. Furthermore, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a novel technique that could potentialize the training effects on the ANS by reducing the parasympathetic activity decrease that occurs after an exhausting exercise. Therefore, we aim to compare the effects of a 9-month brisk walking training (1 time a week or 3 times a week) on the ANS of nursing home residents. Also, we wish to measure the effects of post exercise VNS stimulation on the ANS activity. One hundred and fifty 60-year-old subjects and older will be recruited within the ten nursing homes of La Mutualité française de la Loire, France, and will be randomized into 5 groups: – G1: one brisk walking session a week; – G2: one brisk walking session a week + VNS; – G3: three brisk walking sessions a week; – G4: three brisk walking sessions a week + VNS; – G5: control group (no training or VNS). Testing procedure will occur at the inclusion and after 3 months, 6 months and 9 months of training. The primary outcome measure is the heart rate variability (SDNN value) measured by 24 hours Holter ECG and baroreflex. We expect an increase of the ANS activity, particularly of the parasympathetic arm, with a dose–response relationship through training. The increase would be higher for the group of subjects having trained 3 times per week and who will receive VNS. Expected conclusion brisk walking training could enhance the ANS tone and could improve the parasympathetic/sympathetic balance in nursing home elderly. This effect would be potentialized by VNS.

Effects of two different eight-week walking programs on insulin resistance and ER stressrelated markers in pre-menopausal women / Premenopozal kadınlarda 8 haftalık farklı şiddetteki yürüyüş antrenmanlarının insülin direnci ve ER stresiyle ilişkili markerler üzerine etkileri

Abstract Objective: The relationship between exercise and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, insulin resistance, and obesity is a new field of research. To our knowledge, there are no studies examining the effects of walking exercises on ER stress related markers and insulin resistance in pre-menopausal women. To examine the effect of two different eight-week walking programs on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Fetuin-A (α2 - Heremans Schmid glycoprotein), c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1) and retinol- binding protein-4 (RBP-4), the related markers of ER stress and insulin resistance in pre-menopausal women. Methods: Exercise groups (moderate tempo walking group; MTWG; n=11; brisk walking group BWG; n=12) walked five days a week, starting from 30 minutes, gradually increasing up to 51 minutes. BWG walked at ~70-75% and MTWG at ~50-55 of HRRmax. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%), VO2max, serum TNF-α, Fetuin-A, JNK-1, RPB-4, blood lipids, and insulin resistance levels were determined before and after the intervention. Results: VO2max increased in both exercise groups favoring BWG; RBP-4 decreased in both exercise groups (p&lt;0.05). Serum TNF-α and, TG (p&lt;0.05), BMI and percent body fat (p&lt;0.01), and insulin levels reduced significantly in BWG (p&lt;0.05). The reductions observed in both exercise groups in insulin resistance, and the increases determined in the negative levels of JNK-1 in BWG may be clinically important. Conclusion: Both type of walking resulted in similar positive effects on RBP-4. The reduction observed in TNF-α, RBP-4, and the increases in the negative levels of JNK-1 in BWG show the positive effects of brisk walking on ER stress. The reduction in insulin resistance in relation to the possible reductions in ER stress and apoptosis in BWG may be more effective to prevent metabolic diseases.

Exercise induced changes in autonomic nerve function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome by power spectral analysis

Background: Altered autonomic nerve function has been reported by various investigators in IBS and moderate to vigor­ous physical exercise causes autonomic nerve function improvement both in healthy and various clinical conditions. Objective: To observe the effect of brisk walking on the autonomic nerve function by analysis of heart rate in patients with Irritable bowel syndrome.Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between January to December 2013. For this purpose 77 male patients aged 20-50 years with IBS were included in this study, they were enrolled from OPD, Gastroen­terology, BSMMU, Dhaka. For comparison, 28 apparently healthy male were also included as control. HRV measures were recorded once before exercise and also after 3 months of brisk walking. For assessing HRV, frequency domain measures such as total power, LF power, HF power, LF norm and HF norm were recorded by Polyrite D machine. ANOVA, Independent sample t-test and paired t-tests were performed for statistical analysis.Results: The pre-exercise values of HF power, HF norm and total power were significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) whereas values of LF power and LF norm were higher (p&lt;0.05) in all IBS patient compared to those of control. The post exercise data demonstrated signifi­cantly higher (p&lt;0.05) HF power, HF nu and total power in all IBS patients compared to their pre-exercise values.Conclu­sion: This study concluded that the frequency domain measures of HRV were decreased in IBS patients but all these parameters can be improved by regular moderate physical exercise.