Effect Of Β-cyclodextrin Research Articles

Elucidating the molecular interaction of serum albumin with nizatidine and the role of β-cyclodextrin: multi-spectroscopic and computational approach

Nizatidine is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist which act by inhibiting the production of stomach acid, thereby, finds its application in treating various diseases related to the gastrointestinal tract. Studying albumin–drug interaction is important for understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutic candidates. In the present work, the interaction of nizatidine with BSA was investigated by employing multi-spectroscopic and computational studies. The formation of BSA–nizatidine complex was characterised by UV-visible and fluorescence based-spectroscopic studies. Steady-state fluorescence demonstrated the static mode of quenching of BSA by nizatidine. The interaction was spontaneous and nizatidine binds to BSA with a stoichiometry of 1:1. Forster resonance energy transfer calculations revealed that there was a high possibility of energy transfer between nizatidine and BSA. The resultant secondary structural change in BSA on the addition of nizatidine was studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Moreover, synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to determine the conformational changes occurred in the structure of albumin on the binding of nizatidine. Competitive-site marker experiments suggested that nizatidine binds in the Sudlow site II of BSA. Additionally, the effect of β-cyclodextrin as an inclusion compound on the interaction was studied. Furthermore, molecular modelling and simulation studies were performed to corroborate the results obtained above.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Effect of β-Cyclodextrin on the Quality of Wheat Flour Dough and Prebaked Bread

This work investigated the effects of the addition of different concentrations (0–3.0 wt%) of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the properties of wheat dough and prebaked bread. Dough tensile test results and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the addition of 0.5–1.5 wt% β-CD enhanced dough tensile strength and promoted gluten formation. The addition of 2.0–3.0 wt% β-CD, however, failed to improve gluten network formation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the α-helix-to-β-sheet ratios of dough samples increased as β-CD content increased. This result indicated that the protein secondary structure of the dough had changed. Fermentation rheometry illustrated that dough fermentation height, gas production volume, and gas-holding capacity increased with the addition of 0–1.5 wt% β-CD. Dough fermentation capacity decreased when the addition of β-CD exceeded 2.0 wt%. The effect of β-CD on the quality of prebaked frozen bread was also studied. The results of texture profile analysis indicated that the addition of 1.5 wt% β-CD could reduce bread hardness and increase bread crumb elasticity and resilience. The results of the C-cell test further demonstrated that the addition of 1.5 wt% β-CD could increase stomatal number and decrease pore number and pore wall thickness. These characteristics suggested that the addition of β-CD improved bread structure.

Effects of β-cyclodextrin on phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with Cd and BDE-209 by arbuscular mycorrhizal amaranth

Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of a series of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with Cd and BDE-209 by amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) – Rhizophagus intraradices. Results showed that the combination of mycorrhizal amaranth and 0.4% β-CD (RI+β0.4) significantly enhanced Cd concentrations and contents in shoots, total PBDEs concentration in roots, and BDE-209 dissipation in soil. Moreover, the RI+β0.4 treatment exerted the highest removal efficiency of both Cd and BDE-209. On the contrary, the xylem area, shoot Cd and BDE-209 concentrations and contents, and removal efficiency of Cd were markedly reduced in mycorrhizal amaranth with 0.8% or 1.2% β-CD treatments (RI+β0.8, RI+β1.2), compared with single inoculation treatment. The well-organized chloroplast and well-defined root anatomical structure were also observed in the treatment of RI+β0.4. Positive correlation was found between shoot biomass and chlorophyll concentrations. Shoot Cd or BDE-209 concentrations were positively correlated with xylem areas. In conclusion, mycorrhizal amaranth added with 0.4% β-CD could be used for the decontamination of soil polluted with mixture of Cd and BDE-209 due to the higher chlorophyll concentration and the larger xylem area.

Effects of β-cyclodextrin on the enzymatic hydrolysis of hemp seed oil by lipase Candida sp.99–125

To enhance the stability of lipases, the additive method is attractive because of its high efficiency and simplicity, of which β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), as an additive has attracted attention. In the present study, the effects of β-CD on enzymatic hydrolysis of hemp seed oil by lipases were investigated. The stability, spectroscopy, and reusability of Candida sp.99–125 were compared by the addition of β-CD, respectively. The results showed that Candida sp.99–125 could produce the highest yield of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18.27%, w/w) in the presence of β-CD after 24h, and the thermal stability of lipase was also improved. The UV spectroscopy showed that the absorbance of lipase decreased with increasing concentrations of β-CD and the fluorescence result was similar. Moreover, the reusability of lipase with β-CD was better than free lipase. This study revealed that β-CD could increase hydrolysis activity and stability of the lipase, thereby improving the hydrolytic process of hemp seed oil by Candida sp.99–125.

Effect of sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and propylene glycol alginate on the solubility of clozapine

Clozapine (CLZ) is an atypical antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia and is poorly soluble in water (0.05 mM). In this study, we have investigated the effect of β-cyclodextrin (CD) and its derivatives on the solubility of CLZ. The solubility of the CLZ was measured to generate a phase solubility diagram, and the interaction between CLZ and sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) in aqueous solution was observed by 1H- and 2D rotating-frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (ROESY)-NMR methods. Moreover, the synergistic effect of SBE-β-CD and water-soluble polymers, including polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and propylene glycol alginate (PGA), on the solubility of CLZ was investigated. The results show that the solubility of CLZ with 1 w/v% PGA was 7.6 mM, which was almost four times greater than that of CLZ without PGA in a 15 mM SBE-β-CD solution. In contrast, the solubility of CLZ with 1 w/v % PGA in an aqueous solution decreased by one-third relative to that of CLZ in a 15 mM SBE-β-CD solution. 2D ROESY-NMR indicated that a CLZ/SBE-β-CD/PGA ternary complex formed. It was found that the combination of PGA and SBE-β-CD enhanced the solubility of CLZ.

Effect of β-Cyclodextrin on the Preparation of Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate) Nanoparticles and Their Latex Blending with Natural Rubber

Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate) (PMLMA1) latex with two-layer spheroidal particles and low coagulum was successfully carried out using synthesized surfactants and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by suspension polymerization. PMLMA1 was then latex blended with natural rubber (NR) compared to conventional core-shell poly(methyl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate) (PMLMA2) particles. The influences of reaction temperature, mass ratios of surfactants and β-CD, reaction time and initiator loading on conversion, coagulum and molecular weight of PMLMA1 were firstly analyzed. Before contrast analysis of NR/PMLMA1 and NR/PMLMA2, the effect of surfactants and β-CD on NR was discussed. Characterizations of dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction and mechanical strength clearly indicated the good interaction between these stabilizers and NR. According to the analysis of transmission electron microscope, PMLMA1 and PMLMA2 particles were homogeneously distributed on the surface of NR particles, while, SEM measurement showed that surface and cross section of NR/PMLMA1 films were much denser and smoother than correspondingly NR/PMLMA2 blends. The data from tensile strength and elongation at break also indicated that NR/PMLMA1 films were superior to NR/PMLMA2 due to high LMA molar ratio in chemical composition of PMLMA1. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis further demonstrated the strong interfacial adhesion between PMLMA1 phase and NR matrix compared to NR/PMLMA2. Because the preparation was eco-friendly and economical, the novel PMLMA1 latexes are expected to be directly used for the manufacture of dipped films.

Interaction of pirenzepine with bovine serum albumin and effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding: A biophysical and molecular docking approach

Studying the interaction of therapeutic molecules with serum albumin is important to understand their biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity as well as their relation with the structure and function of protein. The biomolecular interaction of an anti-spasmodic drug, pirenzepine with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using multi-spectroscopic, calorimetric and docking studies. Fluorescence quenching of BSA on interaction with pirenzepine revealed the static mode of quenching. Pirenzepine exhibited a moderate binding to serum albumin with the binding constant value in the order of 104 M−1. Based on the Forster's non-radiative energy transfer theory, the average binding distance between BSA and pirenzepine was calculated. Competitive site marker experiments demonstrated that pirenzepine binds to the sudlow site III located in subdomain IB of BSA. Circular dichroic spectroscopy indicated secondary structural changes in BSA while three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy showed the microenvironmental perturbations in the structure of BSA on interaction with pirenzepine. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters obtained from isothermal titration calorimetry suggested that the interaction between pirenzepine and BSA was spontaneous and hydrophobic interactions played the major role in stabilizing the complex. Additionally, the effect of inclusion compound, β-cyclodextrin on pirenzepine-BSA interaction was studied. As pirenzepine is involved in drug-drug interactions, β-cyclodextrin forms an inclusion complex with pirenzepine and prevents drug-drug interactions, thereby, enhancing the therapeutic effect of pirenzepine. Some common metal ions have also been found to interfere with pirenzepine-BSA interaction. The above experimental results further corroborated the molecular modelling studies.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin and different surfactants on solubility, stability, and permeability of hydrochlorothiazide

Physicochemical properties play a pivotal role in the absorption mechanism of orally administered drugs. Hydrochlorothiazide (HZT), a class IV drug inherently lacks the required solubility and permeability. In addition, the drug tends to degrade rapidly in an aqueous media. In order to eliminate these issues, different excipients were selected including β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and Tween 20 which were physically mixed with HZT in order to enhance its solubility, stability, and permeability. The equilibrium aqueous solubility for HZT was successfully achieved with the selected method. β-CD was superior to other surfactants in the extent of equilibrium solubility at 25°C across the selected concentration range of (0.25–2% w/v). β-CD was also able to increase the degradation half-life (247.5h for 2.0% w/v β-CD) about 28 folds compared to 3 folds for Tween 20 (32.7h for 2.0% w/v Tween 20). Non-everted intestinal sac model showed significantly higher permeation rate for HZT as an inclusion complex (>80.0%) compared to HZT alone (47%). This study suggested that β-CD was alone able to not only increase the solubility and permeability of HZT, but also prevent the degradation for at least 60days at ambient temperature.

Unraveling the binding of phenolphthalein with serum protein and releasing by β-cyclodextrin

The biomolecular interaction of a potential prototype drug phenolphthalein (PN) with the transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated at physiological pH employing various spectroscopic techniques along with computational study. The effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on PN-bound protein has also been investigated. The interesting phenomenon of all findings is the spontaneous exothermic binding of PN with serum albumin through static quenching mechanism. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔS°, ΔH° & ΔG°) have been justified by the detailed understanding of the binding affinity of PN with protein. The binding displacement measurements and Auto Dock-based docking simulation unravels the probable binding location of PN within the hydrophilic sub-domain IB close to Sudlow site I of BSA where Trp-134 is housed. Although β-CD induces a marginal structural loss of protein, it have played dominant roles to stripping of denaturant from PN-BSA assembles. This study has undertaken to unravel the effect of drug binding of protein so as to rationalize the applicability of the drug molecule as a therapeutic agent and drug delivery.

Dual emission and pH based naphthalimide derivative fluorescent sensor for the detection of Bi3+

This paper describes a novel dual emission N-hydroxy 1,8-naphthalimide (NHN) sensor for selective determination of Bi3+ ion and pH. This chemosensor displayed a red shift in absorption spectra and fluorescence enhancement towards highly selective Bi3+ ion in neutral aqueous solution. The binding stoichiometry of NHN with Bi3+ have been determined to be 1:1 by the job’s plot and the binding constant is calculated by Benesi-Hildebrand relation. The effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on NHN is also studied at pH∼7. The binding mode of NHN with Bi3+ through carbonyl and the hydroxyl group of NHN is confirmed by FT-IR spectra. The influence of hydroxyl group in naphthalimide as a function of pH and metal ions was studied by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence emission of naphthalimide varied in a narrow range of pH (5–9) and was only slightly influenced by the addition of metal ions in aqueous solution.

Effect of β-Cyclodextrin on the Multistate Species Distribution of 3-Methoxy-4',7-dihydroxyflavylium. Discrimination of the Two Hemiketal Enantiomers.

The effect of β-cyclodextrin on the mole fraction distribution of the multistate species of the anthocyanin model compound, 3-methoxy-4',7-dihydroxyflavylium, was studied by NMR, stopped flow, circular dichroism, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The formation of inclusion complexes with hemiketal and trans-chalcone, possessing transition dipole moments in a parallel orientation to the cyclodextrin n-fold axis, was unequivocally proved by means of the positive-induced circular dichroism signal. The discrimination of the two hemiketal enantiomers was achieved by the splitting of 1H NMR peaks in the presence β-cyclodextrin. The spectroscopic data shows that the β-cyclodextrin has only moderate enantioselectivity, slightly favoring one of the optical isomers. The observed binding affinity of β-cyclodextrin for the 3-methoxy-4',7-dihydroxyflavylium multistate species increases in the order flavylium cation < quinoidal base < hemiketal < trans-chalcone < cis-chalcone. As a result of this selectivity and the dynamic nature of the network, the equilibrium is displaced toward the formation of the chalcone species.

The effect of β-cyclodextrin on formation of poly (styrene-butyl acrylate) latexes and their film performance

Abstract P(St-BA)/β-CD nanoparticle latexes (nanolatexes) were prepared via emulsion polymerization of styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BA) in the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) using a small amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) below its critical micelle concentration. The average particle sizes of the nanolatexes can be well controlled from 85 to 185 nm by varying the content of β-CD from 0.4 to 2.0 wt%. The nanolatexes exhibit a highest monomer conversion and optimal stability upon addition of 1.2 wt% of β-CD. Interestingly, unlike conventional surfactant, the addition of β-CD cannot cause observable change in surface tension of the emulsion. The films obtained from P (St-BA)/β-CD latexes have a dense structure with a smoother surface compared to the P (St-BA) latex film in the absence of β-CD. Furthermore, the films in the presence of β-CD present better water resistance and higher tensile strength, probably because β-CD is able to form inclusion complexes with both soft BA component and SDS, which can enhance the rigidity of BA and prevent SDS movement to the outer surface of the resulting films.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin as Organic Additive on Pulse Electrodeposition of Nanocrystalline Ni-W Coating

Effect of β-cyclodextrin as Organic Additive on Pulse Electrodeposition of Nanocrystalline Ni-W Coating

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on Rheological Properties of some Viscosity Modifiers.

Cyclodextrins are a group of novel excipients, extensively used in the present pharmaceutical industry. Sometimes they show significant interactions with other conventional additives used in the formulation of dosage forms. The effect of β-cyclodextrin on the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of some selected viscosity modifiers was studied in the present work. β-cyclodextrin showed two different types of effects on the rheology of the selected polymers. In case of natural polymers like xanthan gum and guar gum, enhanced apparent viscosity was found and in case of semi-synthetic polymers like sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, reduction in apparent viscosity was found. β-cyclodextrin was included at 0.5, 1 and 2% w/v concentrations into the polymeric solutions. These findings are useful in the adjustment of concentrations of viscosity modifiers during the formulation of physically stable disperse systems.

Interaction of Hydralazine with Human Serum Albumin and Effect of β-Cyclodextrin on Binding: Insights from Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Techniques

Biomolecular interaction of hydralazine with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by fluorescence, ultravoilet, three-dimensional, synchronous, Fourier transform infrared, lifetime fluorescence, resonance Rayleigh scattering, circular dichroism, and molecular docking techniques. The intrinsic fluorescence of HSA was quenched by a static quenching mechanism. The effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding was studied. Binding constants and number of binding sites were evaluated using the Stern–Volmer equation. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°) indicate the involvement of hydrogen bonding with weak van der Waals forces in the interaction. The average binding distance (r) between the HSA and hydralazine was calculated by Fourier resonance energy transfer theory. Molecular docking study confirms the drug binding sites and interaction of hydralazine with amino acid residues.

Biomolecular interaction study of hydralazine with bovine serum albumin and effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding by fluorescence, 3D, synchronous, CD, and Raman spectroscopic methods.

Spectrofluoremetric technique was employed to study the binding behavior of hydralazine with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at different temperatures. Binding study of bovine serum albumin with hydralazine has been studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and confirmed by three-dimensional, synchronous, circular dichroism, and Raman spectroscopic methods. Effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding was studied. The experimental results showed a static quenching mechanism in the interaction of hydralazine with bovine serum albumin. The binding constant and the number of binding sites are calculated according to Stern-Volmer equation. The thermodynamic parameters ∆H(o) , ∆G(o) , ∆S(o) at different temperatures were calculated. These indicated that the hydrogen bonding and weak van der Waals forces played an important role in the interaction. Based on the Förster's theory of non-radiation energy transfer, the binding average distance, r, between the donor (BSA) and acceptor (hydralazine) was evaluated and found to be 3.95 nm. Spectral results showed that the binding of hydralazine to BSA induced conformational changes in BSA. The effect of common ions on the binding of hydralazine to BSA was also examined. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Interaction between carisoprodol and bovine serum albumin and effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding: insights from molecular docking and spectroscopic techniques

Interactions between the BSA and CAP in the docked model. Figure showing H-bonding interactions and carisoprodol surrounded by hydrophobic amino acids Leu249, Leu250 and Gly247 in subdomain IIA.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on the internalization of nanoparticles into intestine epithelial cells

The influence of β-cyclodextrin on the interaction and internalization of PLGA nanoparticles into intestine epithelial cells was assessed. For this purpose β-cyclodextrin was adsorbed on PLGA nanoparticles. Interaction of nanoparticles with Caco-2 cells, determined by fluorescence, was expressed as the number of particles per cell. Confocal microscopy confirmed the localization of the particles in the cell monolayer. The results showed that adsorption of β-cyclodextrin on the surface of PLGA nanoparticles reduces interaction with mucin, enhancing in this way the internalization into the Caco-2 cells.

Self-improvement Value of Monoammonium Phosphate by Complexation Effect of β-Cyclodextrin in Soil

Unlike traditional phosphorus fertilizers, a new fertilization concept which is based on the complexation effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) has been developed in this paper. For this purpose, the UV–vis absorption spectrum was applied to study the inclusion behavior of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) with β-CD. The results revealed that MAP with β-CD can form a 1:1 stoichiometry inclusion compound; the applicable inclusion time was 10 h, and the formation process of the inclusion compound was an exothermic process. The 1:1 β-CD-MAP inclusion compound was further characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 31P NMR. The adsorption–desorption processes of MAP without and with β-CD in the soil solution was studied. It was found that the Kf value of MAP with β-CD was 3.293 and was lower than the Kf value of MAP without β-CD; the n value of MAP with β-CD was 0.8050 and was higher than the n value of MAP without β-CD. Furthermore, the total percentages of MAP desorbed (η) at the different employed MAP initial concentrations ...

Effects of β-cyclodextrin and methyl jasmonate on the production of vindoline, catharanthine, and ajmalicine in Catharanthus roseus cambial meristematic cell cultures.

Long-term stable cell growth and production of vindoline, catharanthine, and ajmalicine of cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) from Catharanthus roseus were observed after 2 years of culture. C. roseus CMCs were treated with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) individually or in combination and were cultured both in conventional Erlenmeyer flasks (100, 250, and 500 mL) and in a 5-L stirred hybrid airlift bioreactor. CMCs of C. roseus cultured in the bioreactor showed higher yields of vindoline, catharanthine, and ajmalicine than those cultured in flasks. CMCs of C. roseus cultured in the bioreactor and treated with 10 mM β-CD and 150 μM MeJA gave the highest yields of vindoline (7.45 mg/L), catharanthine (1.76 mg/L), and ajmalicine (58.98 mg/L), concentrations that were 799, 654, and 426 % higher, respectively, than yields of CMCs cultured in 100-mL flasks without elicitors. Quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR showed that β-CD and MeJA upregulated transcription levels of genes related to the biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). This is the first study to report that β-CD induced the generation of NO, which plays an important role in mediating the production of TIAs in C. roseus CMCs. These results suggest that β-CD and MeJA can enhance the production of TIAs in CMCs of C. roseus, and thus, CMCs of C. roseus have significant potential to be an industrial platform for production of bioactive alkaloids.