Effect Of Β-cyclodextrin Research Articles

Development of soy protein isolate-based orally disintegrating film: Improvement of disintegration speed, mechanical properties, and thermal stability by β-Cyclodextrin

The effect of β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) at different concentrations (0–20% w/w) on the function and properties of soy protein isolate (SPI)-based orally disintegrating films (ODF) was studied. The results of moisture content and contact angle indicate that the inclusion of β-CD enhances the moisture content and surface hydrophilicity of ODF. The thickness ODF samples is between 0.031 and 0.041 mm. Due to the addition of β-CD, ODF disintegration rates increased by 47.86%–64.62%. Scanning electron microscope, and mechanical analysis show that ODF with a β-CD concentration of 10% w/w has the best performance, presenting the smoothest surface, maximum tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB). FTIR spectrum results show that there are physical entanglements and hydrogen bonding interactions between SPI and β-CD, and appropriate concentrations of β-CD (5% w/w and 10% w/w) can transform random coils into β-sheets. Once the concentration exceeding 10% w/w, β-CD will crystallize and precipitate on the ODF surface, which weakens the mechanical properties of the ODF and the strength of the SPI network structure. Thermogravimetric test results show that β-CD improves ODF thermal stability. This research offers a significant theoretical foundation for the advancement of ODF that are protein-based and not hydrolyzed.

Molecular interaction studies of antituberculosis drug Isoniazid in aq. β-cyclodextrin solution: A volumetric, spectroscopic and molecular docking approach

Volumetric and compressibility investigations are crucial to understanding the molecular interactions prevailing between various components of solutions. At distinct temperatures and ambient pressure (P = 0.1 MPa), the effect of β-cyclodextrin on the antituberculosis drug Isoniazid (INH) was studied at concentrations ranging from 0.0304-0.2698 mol.kg−1. Some thermodynamic properties of the drug Isoniazid, viz., limiting apparent molar volume and limiting compressibility (V°ϕ and K°S,ϕ) are derived from the appropriate density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (u) data, with experimental slopes Sv and Sk describing solute–solute interactional parameters at infinite dilution. Furthermore, transfer properties of drug, such as limiting transfer volume (ΔtrV°ϕ) and limiting transfer compressibility (Δtr K°S,ϕ) of drug, reveal key information regarding the interaction of drug with a solvent or a cosolute. The hydration number (nH) was computed to figure out the hydration behaviour of the studied drug in both the mediums. The encapsulation of isoniazid drug in the hydrophobic region of cosolute (β-cyclodextrin) in the solution phase was evaluated using 1H NMR titration. Additionally, theoretical molecular docking was employed to determine the possible conformation and binding energy of the non-covalent inclusion complex.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on the CO release kinetics and antimicrobial activity of [NEt4][Mo(CO)5Br

In the present work the possibility of improving the solubility, bioavailability and bactericidal activity of the carbon monoxide releasing molecule (CORM) [Mo(CO)5Br]− (as its tetraethylammonium salt) (1) by solvent-free co-grinding with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) in a planetary ball mill was investigated. Data obtained by FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis showed that, other than a small decrease in the crystallinity of 1, the co-grinding process produced a finely dispersed physical mixture of crystalline CORM and crystalline excipient. The aqueous solubility of 1 in the 1-βCD product was enhanced with respect to sparingly soluble pure 1, which might be ascribed to increased wettability and a CD-CORM interaction in solution. Investigation of the CO release kinetics by the standard myoglobin assay showed that the half-life of CO release increased from ca. 6 min for 1 to ca. 19 min for 1-βCD, while the number of equivalents released decreased from 3.2 to 1.8. The antibacterial properties of 1 and 1-βCD were evaluated using the broth microdilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against the model Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli. The compounds showed similar growth inhibitory (MIC values of 200 μM) and bactericidal (MBC/MIC ≈ 2) effects. Bacterial viability assays corroborated the MBC/MIC studies, showing 3 logs (99.9% of relative light units - RLU) reduction in viable cell count after 15 min exposure to 2 × MIC. Although the CORM-CD system displays a lengthening of the half-life of CO release and a decrease in the CO release efficiency relative to 1, the co-grinding with βCD does not affect the bactericidal activity of the CORM. Overall, the βCD could be a suitable excipient for the development of immediate-release formulations of CORMs like the pentacarbonyl complex 1.

New perspective on effect of β-cyclodextrin on nitrification-denitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal in biogenic manganese oxides driven moving bed biofilm reactor: Performance evaluation, microbial community and process

Effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on simultaneous removal of NH4+-N, NO3–-N, COD, and phosphorus (P) in biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx) driven moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was investigated. 58.64% and 86.32%, 79.65% and 98.39%, 62.45% and 97.30%, and 24.80% and 95.90% of TN and COD were removed in phases I-IV, indicating that simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) efficiencies were 75.44%, 83.91%, 72.71%, and 35.83%, respectively. Composition and fluorescence spectral characteristics of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) were evaluated including the removal kinetics of TN and COD. Metabolic activity of Mn2+, decolorization performance of BioMnOx, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) characteristics were determined in biofilm. Furthermore, intermediate Mn3+ and BioMnOx concentration were analyzed. Finally, the removal process of nitrogen (N) and P was proposed based on characterizations of elemental characterization, electrochemistry, and microbial community. This study provides new insights into the N and P removal mediated by BioMnOx and β-CD.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on the hemocompatibility of heparin-modified PMP hollow fibrous membrane for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

In this paper, modified membranes containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and heparin coatings were prepared on the surface of poly-4-methyl-1-pentene (PMP) hollow fibrous membrane using the high strength adhesion of polydopamine (PDA). In this paper, β-CD was added to increase the hemocompatibility of the PMP hollow fibrous membranes and the stability of the heparin coating. The uniformity of the heparin coating with β-CD addition was better than that of the groups without β-CD. After seven days of saline rinsing, the surface of the modified membranes with β-CD addition still had a large amount of heparin present, which was more stable compared to the control group. After surface modification, the modified membrane changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Importantly, the protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and hemolysis rates of the modified membranes were significantly reduced compared with the pristine membranes. The APTT values were also significantly increased. The results showed that the modified membranes with the addition of β-CD had better hydrophilicity, can maintain the stability of heparin coating for a long time, and finally showed good hemocompatibility.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on benzophenones and its impact on UVR filtration of cotton fabric through ‘guest absorber—host enhancer’ mechanism

Effect of β-cyclodextrin on benzophenones and its impact on UVR filtration of cotton fabric through ‘guest absorber—host enhancer’ mechanism

Physico-chemical characterization of bovine serum albumin-cationic gemini surfactant interaction

Being perspective candidates for bioapplications, gemini surfactant – protein interaction research is continuing extensively. In the work described herein, we have, therefore, investigated the binding of a recently synthesized biodegradable cationic diester-functionalized C14-E2O2-C14 gemini surfactant with ethylene oxide group in the spacer with the transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). The system properties were determined through a combination of surface tension measurements, multispectroscopic and computational analyses. The surface and interfacial properties of the concerned gemini got perturbed on interaction with BSA. The reduction in BSA fluorescence intensity was accredited to fluorescence quenching by the surfactant and relevant parameters (KSV and Kb; 14.70, 10.63, 7.27 × 104 M−1 and 25.63, 14.28, 7.20 × 104 M−1) have been computed at three different temperatures (288, 298 and 308 K), which demonstrated that C14-E2O2-C14 binds strongly with BSA protein through static quenching (UV–vis absorption analysis results were the same) with the binding stoichiometry 1:1. The obtained negative values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔGb0,ΔHb0 and ΔSb0) specified spontaneous process where hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces are the major forces in the interaction mechanism. The effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) has also been explored on the interaction and the values of KSV and Kb have been evaluated. Moreover, some other spectral results (CD, 3-D, synchronous, RRS, pyrene, FT-IR) confirmed that the interaction of the surfactant with BSA persuaded alterations in conformation of BSA. The molecular docking results as well as site probe measurements corroborated the ligand binding sites and interaction of the gemini surfactant with amino acid residues. The binding analysis of C14-E2O2-C14 gemini surfactant-BSA interaction is potentially valuable for elucidating chemico-biological interaction that can be used in the pharmaceuticals, biochemistry and pharmacology arenas.

Effects of β-Cyclodextrins and Their Aggregates on the Formation of Methane Hydrate

Effects of β-Cyclodextrins and Their Aggregates on the Formation of Methane Hydrate

Deciphering the biomolecular interaction of β-resorcylic acid with human lysozyme: A biophysical and bioinformatics outlook

The binding mechanism between human lysozyme (Lyz) and β-resorcylic acid (BR) was systematically examined by various biophysical and computational techniques. The studies like ultraviolet absorbance and steady-state fluorescence confirmed the complex formation with binding constant in the order of 103 M−1. The mechanism of fluorescence quenching of Lyz was found to be static. The average binding distance between Lyz and BR was calculated by FRET as per Forster’s theory. The changes in conformation and microenvironment in the secondary structure of Lyz in the presence of BR were confirmed by techniques like synchronous, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, Red edge excitation shift (REES) and circular dichroism (CD). The different temperature-based fluorescence experiments highlighted that the reaction is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The van der Waals and hydrogen bonding are the main contributing forces in the complex formation as is evident from the negative values of enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS). Further, the results obtained from in vitro experiments were also reaffirmed by in silico molecular docking, predicting the active binding site of BR in Lyz. HOMO-LUMO energy gap in BR was estimated by density functional theory (DFT) studies. Moreover, the effects of β-cyclodextrin, metal ions, and vitamins on the binding of BR with Lyz were also studied.

UV SPECTROSCOPY AND KINETIC RESEARCH OF PHOTODEGRADATION OF METHYL ORANGE IN THE PRESENCE OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND β-CYCLODEXTRIN OR ITS DERIVATIVES

The research is devoted to the study of the effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in aqueous solutions in the presence of titanium dioxide. It has been shown that the kinetics of photodegradation of methyl orange is more accurately described by the pseudo first order equation for all investigated pH values. In the presence of cyclodextrins β-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, acceleration of photodegradation was observed only after 30 min of irradiation. As a result, the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of cyclodextrin occurred. A significant slowdown in photodestruction in the TiO2-β-CD sample during the first 45 min is explained by the formation of inclusion complexes of cyclodextrin with methyl orange, which prevented the destruction of dye. The use of the β-cyclodextrin, its derivatives and increasing the acidity of the medium accelerates the processes of photodestruction of methyl orange in distilled and natural waters. Methyl orange was decolorized for 20 – 25 min in solutions of all investigated cyclodextrin derivatives at pH 2.5. The destruction of methyl orange was most effective with the use of sulfobutyl ether β-CD. The bactericidal lamp (λ = 254 nm) allows to increase the rate of destruction during the irradiation process. Methyl orange discolored much faster under the action of a bactericidal lamp than using only ultraviolet lamps with λ = 365 nm. A slight slowdown in the decomposition process is observed after several irradiation cycles. This may be due to the influence of the formed products of destruction. However, under such conditions, the by-products of reactions decompose much faster. The use of cyclodextrins is possible without significant loss of efficiency up to 8 cycles.

Investigation of spectroscopic properties and molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction of mebendazole with β-cyclodextrin

The effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the spectroscopic properties of mebendazole, MBZ, in aqueous solution was investigated at pH values of 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0, where mebendazole exists as protonated (HMBZ+), neutral (MBZ), or deprotonated (MBZ−) forms. Mebendazole shows two absorption bands at 236 nm and 288 nm at pH 2.0, which are shifted gradually as pH increases to 265 nm and 350 nm at pH 12.0, and one fluorescence emission band at 463 nm at all pH values. In the presence of β-CD, the emission band at 463 nm was enhanced and new emission bands in the range 300–350 nm were observed at pH 2.0–6.0. In addition, pKa1 of MBZ increased and pKa2 decreased, indicating that both benzimidazole and carbamate moieties are involved in complex formation, which is confirmed by the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Benesi–Hildebrand analysis and MD simulations show that binding stoichiometry of neutral MBZ/β-CD complex is 1:2, where the wide rims of both CD macrocycles face each other, while a stoichiometry of 1:1 was observed for the protonated HMBZ+/β-CD complex. Experimentally obtained thermodynamic parameters show that complexation of MBZ with β-CD is a spontaneous enthalpy driven process (ΔG° = −36.3 kJ mol−1 for MBZ/β-CD and ΔG° = −25.9 kJ mol−1 for HMBZ+/β-CD), while binding free energy computed through MM-PBSA computational method shows that driving forces for complex formation is van der Waals interactions and H-bonding.

The impact of β-cyclodextrin on biological and chemical properties of mianserin hydrochloride in aqueous solution

Mianserin hydrochloride (MIA), a drug, which belongs to a group of tetracyclic, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants, is one of the commonly used psychotropic drugs. Despite its important uses and having a number of other potential utilizations, MIA has quite significant side effects on a patient health, including some cytotoxicity. The MIA toxicity could be reduced by drug encapsulation inside a non-toxic carrier, like β-cyclodextrin molecules (β-CD). Cyclodextrins are cone shaped supramolecules with hydrophobic interior, where hydrophobic parts of molecule can be included, and with hydrophilic rims consisting of primary and secondary hydroxyl groups, which can interact with water molecules. This study investigated the characteristic and mechanism for interaction of MIA with β-CD, and evaluated the effects of complexation on MIA cytotoxicity. Chemical shift differences for protons in mianserin hydrochloride and β-cyclodextrin molecules, induced by the formation of the inclusion complexes, have been determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The other chemical properties of mianserin hydrochloride in aqueous solution in the presence of β-cyclodextrin has been examined at 298.15 K with the use of mass spectrometry and circular dichroism. The results showed that interaction of MIA with β-CD occurred through incorporation of MIA aromatic rings inside probably more than one β-CD molecules. The effects of β-cyclodextrin, mianserin hydrochloride and complexes thereof on the viability of Chinese hamster cells were investigated in order to estimate the cytotoxicity of the drug. The viability of B14 cells treated with MIA + β-CD is higher than with MIA and the protective effect is the highest for complexes of MIA:β-CD in a 1:4 ratio.

Effects of β-cyclodextrin, whey protein, and soy protein on the thermal and storage stability of anthocyanins obtained from purple-fleshed sweet potatoes

The effects of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), whey protein (WP), and soy protein (SP) on the color loss and degradation of anthocyanins in purple-fleshed sweet potato anthocyanin extracts (PFSPAEs) during thermal treatment and shelf-life storage in model beverage systems by performing chromaticity, degradation kinetics, and principal component analysis. Results showed that WP and SP improved the thermal stability of the PFSPAE, but WP accelerated the color loss of the extract. However, the addition of 25 mg/L SP improved the color and thermal stability of the anthocyanins when heated at 100 °C for 30 min. With regard to the shelf-life storage, the addition of SP and WP showed non-significant effect on the storage stability of the PFSPAE. However, the addition of 2500 mg/L β-CD significantly improved the storage stability of the PFSPAE. In summary, our findings provide useful information on improving the thermal and storage stability of PFSPAEs in beverage systems using food biopolymers.

Structural alteration of myoglobin with two homologous cationic surfactants and effect of β-cyclodextrin: multifaceted insight and molecular docking study

Structural alteration and regeneration of myoglobin.

The effect of β-cyclodextrin on the Formation of Phospholipid Micelles: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

The effect of β-cyclodextrin on the Formation of Phospholipid Micelles: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

Effect of β-cyclodextrin, alcohol and temperature on the aggregation transitions of cationic/cationic surfactant systems

The mutual transitions between micelles and vesicles induced by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), alcohol and temperatures, which had rarely been reported in mixed cationic/cationic surfactant systems, was studied in a dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC)/didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) aqueous solution. The effect of β-CD, temperature and alcohol on this mixed system was investigated by the methods of turbidity, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements. We found that increasing the concentration of β-CD would induce the micelle to vesicle (M-V) transition. While the vesicle to micelle (V-M) transition further occurred with increasing temperature or adding alcohol in this β-CD/cationic/cationic mixed system. The M-V transition with adding β-CD has the mechanism that the inclusion complexation of β-CD to surfactants alters the composition ratio of the DDAB/DTAC systems, which changes the packing parameter. The V-M transition induced by temperature or alcohols is explained as the change of electrostatic repulsion interaction among the similar cationic polar heads in vesicles. The heat-induced V-M transition also verifies the M-V transition mechanism. Moreover, we firstly found that this heat-induced V-M transition was not only related to the percentage of DDAB concentration, but also to the total concentration of surfactant in cationic/cationic mixed surfactant systems.

Site-Selective Interaction of Human Serum Albumin with 4-Chloro-7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole Modified Olanzapine Derivative and Effect of β-Cyclodextrin on Binding: In the Light of Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking.

Here, we present a detailed investigation on the interaction of 4-chloro-7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) embedded olanzapine derivative (OLA-NBD) with a model transport protein, human serum albumin (HSA). The thermodynamic parameters, ΔHo, ΔSo, and ΔGo, as evaluated by considering the van't Hoff relationship imply the major contribution of electrostatic/ionic interactions for the HSA-OLA-NBD association. The OLA-NBD induced quenching of HSA emission occurs through static quenching mechanism, indicating a 1:1 association, as portrayed from Benesi-Hildebrand plot, with ∼104 M-1 association constant value, and it is in good harmony with the value estimated from anisotropy experiment. The invariance of the time-resolved decay behavior of HSA with added OLA-NBD concentration, along with matching dependency of the binding constant (Kb) value on temperature, also supports the occurrence of static quenching. The effect of β-cyclodextrin on HSA-OLA-NBD binding is characterized by a smaller Kb value revealing that the OLA-NBD molecules are gradually removed from β-CD by HSA to achieve its medicinal outcome of drug delivery. The outcome from circular dichroism (CD) illustrates the variation of HSA secondary structure upon interaction with OLA-NBD. Concurrently, HSA-OLA-NBD association kinetics is also explored by applying the fluorescence technique. The possible interaction zone of OLA-NBD in HSA is investigated from AutoDock-based docking simulation study.

Effects of β-Cyclodextrin and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusions on the Degradation of Magnolol by Intestinal Bacteria.

Cyclodextrin (CD) inclusions are generally used to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. In this study, magnolol (MAG) was used as a model drug for exploring the effects of CD on the degradation of pharmaceutical drugs by intestinal microflora. MAG/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and MAG/hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) inclusion complexes were successfully prepared by the saturated aqueous solution and freeze-drying methods, respectively. Structural characterisation along with analyses of solubility, residual water content and drug content of the inclusion complexes was performed. The intestinal microflora of male rats was used to study MAG degradation in vitro. At three concentrations, the degradation of both the inclusion complexes was slower than that of the MAG monomer, MAG and CD mixtures and the MAG-poloxamer 188 micelle. There were no statistically significant differences in the degradation of the MAG/β-CD and MAG/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes. A simulation first-order equation of the degradation parameters revealed that the degradation of the inclusion complexes was slower and pronounced, judging by slope. The experimental findings were verified by molecular docking for predicting the stable molecular structure of the inclusion complexes. In conclusion, the inclusion complexes partially protected MAG from degradation by the intestinal bacteria.

Methane hydrate formation in the SiC foam ceramics packed reactor in presence of β-cyclodextrin

Cyclodextrins were used as environmental friendly additives in enhancing the kinetics of gas hydrate formation. Effects of β-Cyclodextrin (Beta-CD) on methane hydrate formation in the SiC foam ceramics packed reactor were evaluated in this paper. To investigate the roles of these additives played in the enhancement of hydrate formation kinetics, different concentrations of Beta-CD and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) mixed solution were used in the gas hydrate formation system. The overall results demonstrated that the addition of Beta-CD promoted the formation of methane hydrate. Compared with the control experiments with only 200 ppm SDS and SFC packings, the induction time for methane hydrate formation was shortened by 97.6 % when 1000 ppm Beta-CD was added, while the maximum gas consumption rate and water conversion rate were increased by up to 284.2 % and 102.0 %, respectively. Results showed that simultaneous usage of Beta-CD, SDS and SFC packings enhanced the methane hydrate formation kinetics.

The nature of β-cyclodextrin inhibition of potato polyphenol oxidase-catalyzed reactions

There is general interest in strategies to control polyphenol oxidase (PPO)-initiated enzymatic browning because it is often associated with declining food quality. Cyclodextrins are cyclic glucan oligosaccharides that form inclusion complexes with a number of PPO substrates. This study focuses on the effect of β-cyclodextrins (βCyD) on PPO-catalyzed reactions. Potato enzyme extracts and semi-purified potato PPO served as enzyme sources. Substrates included phenolics endogenous to potatoes. Reaction time-courses were followed spectrophotometrically; rates were compared by analysis of variance. Extents of βCyD inhibition of PPO-catalyzed reactions are shown to be substrate specific and can be quantitatively accounted for based on degrees of βCyD substrate sequestration. There was no evidence for direct irreversible βCyD inactivation of potato PPO. An apparent “direct PPO inactivation” by βCyD is shown to result from a sequence of sequestration-dependent reactions that occur in commonly employed assay systems for the quantification of PPO in fruits and vegetables.