Effects Of Aqueous Methanolic Extract Research Articles

Phytochemical Analysis and Cardiac Depressant Activity of Aqueous Methanolic Extract of Morus nigra L. Fruit

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of aqueous methanolic extract of Morus nigra L. fruiton frog’s heart.Force of contraction and heart rate were measured by force displacement transducer attached to Power Lab data acquisition system. Lab chart Pro 5 software was used for the acquisition and analysis of data. The extract was also screened for various phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The results indicated that the extract produced a significant dose dependent decrease in heart rate without affecting the contractility of the heart. Phytochemical analysis also revealed that the extract contained flavonoids, cardiac glycosides,alkaloids, saponins and phenolic compounds.It is conceivable therefore; that the negative chronotropic effectsof aqueous methanolic extract of Morus nigra L. fruit may be attributed to the presence of certain pharmacologically active compounds.

The protective effect of laver extract against the UVA- and UVB-induced damage in HaCaT cells

We investigated the protective effect of aqueous-methanol extract of laver (Porphyra yezoensis) against UV-induced damage in HaCaT cells. The laver extract exhibited strong UV absorbance at 300–360 nm. The cells irradiated with UVA or UVB in the presence of the extract exhibited higher viability than those irradiated without the extract. The protective effect was more prominent against UVA probably due to stronger absorption and screening of the UVA. The laver extract also exerted cell-protective effect in the postirradiation period. The extract increased steady-state glutathione content of HaCaT cells. The cells irradiated with UVA in the presence of the laver extract exhibited less severe depletion of glutathione than those irradiated without the extract. The extract also stimulated recovery from UVA-induced glutathione depletion in the post-irradiation period, which supports a critical role of oxidative stress in the UVA-induced cell damage and also a role of the laver extract in the antioxidative defense.

Therapeutic effect of Acacia nilotica pods extract on streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rat

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aqueous methanol extract (150 and 300mg/kg body weight) of Acacia nilotica pods in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 60days, and its biochemical, histopathological and histochemical study in the kidney tissues. Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, elevated of serum urea and creatinine. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) was observed in diabetic kidney. Histopathological examination revealed infiltration of the lymphocytes in the interstitial spaces, glomerular hypertrophy, basement membrane thickening and tubular necrosis with loss of their brush border in some of the proximal convoluted tubules in diabetic rats. Acacia nilotica extract lowered blood glucose levels, restored serum urea and creatinine. In addition, Acacia nilotica extract attenuated the adverse effect of diabetes on LPO, SOD and GSH activity. Treatment with Acacia nilotica was found to almost restore the normal histopathological architecture of kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. However, glomerular size and damaged area showed ameliorative effect after treatment with the extract. In conclusion, the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic properties of Acacia nilotica extract may offer a potential therapeutic source for the treatment of diabetes.

Antiparkinsonian Effects of Aqueous Methanolic Extract of Hyoscyamus niger Seeds Result From its Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory and Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Potency

Hyoscyamus species is one of the four plants used in Ayurveda for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Since Hyoscyamus niger was found to contain negligible levels of L-DOPA, we evaluated neuroprotective potential, if any, of characterized petroleum ether and aqueous methanol extracts of its seeds in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD in mice. Air dried authenticated H. niger seeds were sequentially extracted using petroleum ether and aqueous methanol and were characterized employing HPLC-electrochemistry and LCMS. Parkinsonian mice were treated daily twice with the extracts (125-500 mg/kg, p.o.) for two days and motor functions and striatal dopamine levels were assayed. Administration of the aqueous methanol extract (containing 0.03% w/w of L-DOPA), but not petroleum ether extract, significantly attenuated motor disabilities (akinesia, catalepsy and reduced swim score) and striatal dopamine loss in MPTP treated mice. Since the extract caused significant inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity and attenuated 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation in isolated mitochondria, it is possible that the methanolic extract of Hyoscyamus niger seeds protects against parkinsonism in mice by means of its ability to inhibit increased ·OH generated in the mitochondria.

The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficiency of Moringa oleifera seeds extracts

The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of different Moringa oleifera seeds extracts were tested against Scenedesmus obliquus (green algae), Escherichia coli ATCC 13706, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC10145, Staphylococcus aureus NAMRU 3 25923, Bacillus sterothermophilus (bacterial strains) and Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV 1) and Polio virus type 1 (sabin vaccine). Fixed oil extracted from the seeds was found to activate the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus with high algal biomass production. Aqueous methanolic extracts (LC50 207.5 mg/L) and water extract (LC50 287.5 mg/L) has a cytotoxicity effect on Scenedesmus growth. On the other hand, the antibacterial effects of fixed oil, aqueous methanolic extract and water extract concentrations showed a fluctuation in its effects. Although, Ps. aeruginosa was more resistant to all M. oleifera extracts, B. sterothermophilus was more sensitive than other organisms to all extracts. The effect of aqueous methanolic extract and fixed oil on HSV1 was highly similar, 52.22% and 45.2%. Very low activity was observed for fixed oil on PV1.