Educational Intervention Research Articles

Trends in Chemistry Education Research on Student Transformation in the Philippines: A Meta-analytic Review

Creating innovative methodologies and interventions in chemistry education is essential to promote positive student transformation outcomes. Although chemistry educators are key in utilizing its potential in the classroom, very little is known about its efficacy in teaching and learning. This study aims to determine the current research trends in chemistry education. It examines the effect of chemistry education research findings included in the meta-analysis on using varied teaching methodologies on student transformation outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of a pool of studies related to chemistry instruction in the Philippines and through on site or online browsing were conducted. Results show that the country's pedagogical trend in chemistry education centers mainly on cooperative and inquiry-based learning, which aligns with and supports the framework and goals of 21st-century teaching. Results suggested that chemistry teachers can consider employing one of the various pedagogies and methods that effectively improve students' cognitive and affective outcomes. Heterogeneity test warrants that significant differences exist between the grouped features. The effect size data are directly influenced by the significance of the test derived from each study. Studies with significant results tend to have a larger effect size and significantly affect the study variables.

Acknowledgement and use of advance care directives and goals of care by emergency department staff: a mixed method post intervention study.

Advance Care Planning (ACP) refers to a process that includes Advance Care Directives (ACD) and Goals of Care (GOC), a practice widely used for over three decades. Following the findings of an audit and a cross-sectional study in 2019 and 2021 respectively, we implemented several educational and other interventional strategies aimed at enhancing staff awareness and emphasizing the importance of recognizing and documenting of ACD/GOC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acknowledgement and use of ACD and GOC by Emergency Department (ED) staff following these interventions. We used a mixed methods approach, incorporating both observational and cross-sectional designs with reflexive thematic analysis. Data extraction for the observational study took place between 1st April and 30th June 2023 focusing on a target population of randomly sampled adults aged ≥ 65 years. Demographics and other ACD and GOC related patients' clinical data were collected. Data collection for the cross-sectional study occurred between 19th July and 13th September 2023 targeting all ED staff. Information gathered included demographics, awareness about ACD and GOC, including storage location and implementation, as well as knowledge of Medical Treatment decision Makers (MTDM), a jurisdictional term identifying a person legally appointed to make healthcare decisions on behalf of someone who lacks decision-making capacity and other Victorian State legislative requirements were collected. In the observational period, 22,335 patients attended the ED and 19% (n = 6546) qualified for inclusion from which a sample of 308 patients were randomly extracted. We found ACD documents were noted in the medical records of 6.5% of the sample, fewer than 8% identified in our previous study. There was no correlation between ACD record availability and age (p = 0.054; CI ranging from - 0.065 to 7.768). The response rate for the cross-sectional survey was 12% (n = 340) in contrast to earlier study with 28% (n = 476) respondents. Staff knowledge and familiarity with ACD was 25% and GOC 45%. After implementing interventions in staff education and ACP awareness, we found that ACD documentation did not improve. However, GOC documentation increased in the context of heightened institutional awareness and integration into the Electronic Medical Records (EMR).

Assessing foodborne outbreak risks in Chinese households: A national survey analysis of pork handling practices

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the risk of foodborne outbreaks associated with household food handling practices in China and identify the consumer groups that are at higher risk for foodborne outbreaks. MethodsA national survey of household pork handling practices was conducted in China. The risk of foodborne outbreaks stemming from consumers’ improper handling practices was assessed utilizing the Weighted Harmonic Outbreak Prevention Index (WHOPI). The index categorized these practices into three levels of good hygienic practice (GHP): low (WHOPI≤0.35), medium (WHOPI: 0.36–0.70), and high (WHOPI>0.7). Logistic regression analyses were used to identify groups at higher risk for foodborne outbreaks. ResultsA total of 2730 households from seven provinces in mainland China were analyzed. Based on WHOPI, only 0.4 % of households demonstrated a high level of GHP, while 55.4 % showed a low level of GHP. The primary non-conforming stage was separation practices, followed by cooking and purchasing practices. Nearly two-thirds of households (64.8 %) didn’t have a separate cutting board for raw meat, and 44.9 % of them claimed to use the same board to handle ready-to-eats afterward. Logistic regression indicated more attention is required for those living in southern and rural areas, working in non-public institutions, possessing lower levels of education, and being single or widowed. ConclusionThe household food handling practices of Chinese consumers involve serious food safety risks. Education programs and interventions concerning safe handling practices in households are urgently needed.

Development and testing of a videogame intervention for symptom management among 8–18 years old children with cancer: a study protocol

IntroductionEvidence shows that cancer treatment-related symptoms could be managed effectively in 8–18 years old children through Digital Health Interventions (DHIs), consequently improving their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, limited...

Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Structured Education and Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis in Australia.

Structured education and exercise therapy programs have been proposed to reduce reliance on total knee replacement (TKR) surgery and improve health care sustainability. The long-term cost-effectiveness of these programs is unclear. To estimate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of implementing a national structured education and exercise therapy program for individuals with knee osteoarthritis with the option for future TKR compared with usual care (TKR for all). This economic evaluation used a life table model in combination with a Markov model to compare costs and health outcomes of a national education and exercise therapy program vs usual care in the Australian health care system. Subgroup, deterministic, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were completed. A hypothetical cohort of adults aged 45 to 84 years who would undergo TKR was created. Structured education and exercise therapy intervention provided by physiotherapists. The comparator was usual care where all people undergo TKR without accessing the program in the first year. Incremental net monetary benefit (INMB), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio threshold of 28 033 Australian dollars (A$) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained, was calculated from a health care perspective. Transition probabilities, costs, and utilities were estimated from national registries and a randomized clinical trial. The hypothetical cohort included 61 394 individuals (53.9% female; 93.6% aged ≥55 years). Implementation of an education and exercise therapy program resulted in a lifetime cost savings of A$498 307 942 (US $339 922 227), or A$7970 (US $5537) per individual, and resulted in fewer QALYs (0.43 per individual) compared with usual care. At a population level, education and exercise therapy was not cost-effective at the lifetime horizon (INMB, -A$4090 [-US $2841]). Subgroup analysis revealed that the intervention was cost-effective only for the first 9 years and over a lifetime only in individuals with no or mild pain at baseline (INMB, A$11 [US $8]). Results were robust to uncertainty around model inputs. In this economic evaluation of structured education and exercise therapy compared with usual care, the intervention was not cost-effective over the lifetime for all patients but was for the first 9 years and for those with minimal pain. These findings point to opportunities to invest early cost savings in additional care or prevention, including targeted implementation to specific subgroups.

Prevalence of risky sexual behaviour and its associated factors among youths of Pokhara metropolitan city, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionRisky sexual behaviour, which puts young people at greater risk of acquiring HIV AIDS and sexually transmitted infection, is a significant public health concern all around the world. In 2020,...

Digital Health Literacy Predictors and COVID-19 Online Information-Seeking Behaviors Among University Students from Romania

In addition to the infectious disease, the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by an infodemic that worsened the outbreak. Increased digital health literacy (DHL) skills and information-seeking behaviors are crucial for accessing, understanding, and evaluating online health information, especially during a pandemic, where misinformation imposes immediate health consequences. This study explores the predictors of DHL among Romanian students and their information-seeking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected through a cross-sectional study design over 3 months (December 2020–February 2021) and a self-reported web-based questionnaire from 1,381 university students from Romania assessing DHL and information-seeking behaviors. We used descriptive statistics, Cronbach Alpha coefficients, and univariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions to explore DHL’s predictors in the Romanian sample. Results showed that overall, the study sample had high levels of DHL. However, almost half of the respondents reported having problems assessing whether the information searched related to coronavirus is reliable or not, and 95% shared someone else’s private information online. Age, subjective social status, gender, and chronic diseases were identified as predictors for DHL. Students’ DHL skills need to be strengthened using tailored educational programs and interventions emphasizing the quality, accuracy, and timely provision of online information on official public health platforms. Additional actions include fostering collaborations between educational institutions and public health authorities, alongside developing smartphone applications for real-time guidance on health topics. It is of the utmost importance to address the spread of the infodemic through different strategies, to combat misinformation among university students.

Patient perspectives on knowledge gaps in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

ObjectivesResponding to prior research findings that lack of knowledge about their disease impacted patients’ quality of life, the objective of this study was to identify and prioritise information gaps about...

Educational Intervention Enhances High School Athletes’ Knowledge Of Safe Supplement Use Compared To A Control

Educational Intervention Enhances High School Athletes’ Knowledge Of Safe Supplement Use Compared To A Control

Recent Advances in Educational Interventions for Kindergarten Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Recent Advances in Educational Interventions for Kindergarten Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Impact of a Breast Cancer Risk Assessment on the Decision for Gender-Affirming Chest Masculinization Surgery in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Individuals: A Pilot Single-Arm Educational Intervention Trial.

Persons assigned female or intersex at birth and identify as transgender and/or gender-diverse (TGD) may undergo gender-affirming chest masculinization surgery (GACMS); however, GACMS is not considered equivalent to risk-reducing mastectomies (RRM). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of elevated breast cancer (BC) risk in TGD persons, compare self-perceived versus calculated risk, and determine how risk impacts the decision for GACMS versus RRM. A prospective single-arm pilot educational intervention trial was conducted in individuals assigned female or intersex at birth, age ≥ 18 years, considering GACMS, without a BC history or a known pathogenic variant. BC risk was calculated using the Tyrer-Cuzik (all) and Gail models (age ≥ 35 years). Elevated risk was defined as ≥ 17%. Twenty-five (N = 25) participants were enrolled with a median age of 24.0 years (interquartile range, IQR 20.0-30.0 years). All were assigned female sex at birth, most (84%) were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White, 48% identified as transgender and 40% as nonbinary, and 52% had a first- and/or second-degree family member with BC. Thirteen (52%) had elevated risk (prevalence 95% confidence interval (CI) 31.3-72.2%). Median self-perceived risk was 12% versus 17.5% calculated risk (p = 0.60). Of the 13 with elevated risk, 5 (38.5%) underwent/are scheduled to undergo GACMS, 3 (23%) of whom underwent/are undergoing RRM. Over half of the cohort had elevated risk, and most of those who moved forward with surgery chose to undergo RRM. A BC risk assessment should be performed for TGD persons considering GACMS. Future work is needed to examine BC incidence and collect patient-reported outcomes. Trial Registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT06239766).

Transforming Character Through Dhuha Prayers in Indonesian Education

General Background: Education in Indonesia confronts a myriad of challenges, including regulatory frameworks, funding issues, and diverse implementation systems, which have led to concerns regarding the competitiveness of graduates in the global arena. Specific Background: One critical aspect of education involves character development among students, particularly in the context of the digital era. Knowledge Gap: While various educational interventions exist, the impact of religious practices, specifically the habituation of congregational dhuha prayers, on student character has not been extensively studied. Aims: This study aims to analyze the effect of habituating congregational dhuha prayers at SD Islam Al-Huda in Kediri on the character development of students. Results: Utilizing a qualitative approach through observation, documentation, and interviews, the findings reveal that this religious practice positively influences students' attitudes and discipline. Novelty: The research contributes to the literature by demonstrating that religious-based interventions can effectively enhance moral character in educational settings. Implications: These results suggest that integrating religious practices like dhuha prayers in school routines can be a valuable strategy for character education, offering practical insights for educators and policymakers seeking to foster holistic student development in Indonesia. Highlights: Dhuha prayers improve character development and student discipline. Qualitative methods provide comprehensive insights through observations and interviews. Religious practices enhance character education in schools effectively. Keywords: Dhuha prayers, character development, Islamic education, qualitative research, student discipline

The Language of Conspiracy Theories: Negative Emotions and Themes Facilitate Diffusion Online

Global polling has seen an increase in endorsement of conspiratorial beliefs in recent years, with social media platforms receiving criticism for their potential role in facilitating this spread. The current study analyzed the presence of emotions and themes in conspiratorial content (revolving around conspiracy theories or conspiratorial ideas) on Twitter (now “X”) and Reddit when compared to scientific and general discussion, and the ability of emotions and themes to predict engagement (likes, shares etc.) in conspiratorial spheres. Approximately four million words worth of content were collected from Twitter and Reddit and analyzed using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) tool to determine concentration of different emotions and themes. Conspiratorial discussions were found to show significantly higher rates of anger, anxiety, power, and death compared to both scientific and general discussions across both platforms. Engagement was successfully predicted within conspiracy discussions; higher levels of anger, anxiety, power, and death predicted higher levels of engagement in conspiracy discussions. Contrary to previous findings, positive emotions were predictive of lower levels of engagement in conspiracy-related discussions. The findings suggest that conspiratorial content relies on powerful negative emotional responses to gain traction and increase audience engagement. The findings are discussed in the context of cognitive processes involved in the adoption of conspiracy theories, and we offer suggestions for researchers developing educational interventions and social media platforms to reduce the spread of conspiracy theories online.

Assessing vaccine hesitancy among healthcare providers in Brazil: the influence of vaccine status and professional experience

ObjectiveAssess the occurrence of vaccine hesitancy among pediatricians and their patients and identify potential predictors to mitigate hesitancy among them. MethodsThe study is a cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire sent to pediatricians affiliated with the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics. The data was analyzed using statistical methods such as exploratory factor analysis, principal component analysis, correspondence analysis, and generalized linear mixed models. ResultsA total of 982 respondents, with a majority being females (77.4%), participated in the research. Among them, the proportion of pediatricians with complete vaccine status was 41.14%, while 90.6% had undergone medical residency. Furthermore, 9.3% worked in public healthcare settings, 30.4% in private settings, and 60.3% in mixed healthcare settings. The analysis revealed a significant association between vaccine status and pediatricians’ misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccines, with those having complete vaccine status showing lower misconceptions (mean difference of -0.15, p = 0.010). Moreover, pediatricians with medical residency experience exhibited fewer misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccines (mean difference of -0.33, p = 0.002). Additionally, correspondence analysis unveiled the presence of two distinct profiles among pediatricians, showcasing variations in vaccine education, professional experience, and vaccine confidence perceptions. ConclusionThe study highlights the influence of vaccine status and medical residency experience on pediatricians’ attitudes and misconceptions about vaccines, emphasizing the need for targeted educational interventions to promote vaccine confidence and combat hesitancy within the healthcare provider community.

Impact of Educational Intervention on Anticoagulation Control Using SAMe-TT22R2 Score-Guided Strategy in Atrial Fibrillation

Impact of Educational Intervention on Anticoagulation Control Using SAMe-TT22R2 Score-Guided Strategy in Atrial Fibrillation

Use of the Patient Portal to Discuss Medications Among People with Dementia and Their Care Partners.

People with dementia (PWD) often use potentially inappropriate medications (PIM), exposing them to harm. Patient portals are a promising platform for delivering deprescribing educational interventions to reduce PIM use, yet little is known about how PWD and their care partners use patient portals to communicate with clinicians about medications. To characterize the content of patient portal messages relating to medications among PWD, care partners, and clinicians, to inform development of a portal-based intervention to reduce use of PIM among PWD. Descriptive analysis of data from the electronic health record and qualitative analysis of patient portal messages. Adults 65 and older, categorized as having dementia based on EHR algorithm, who received care in an academic health system from 2017 to 2022. Electronic health record data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative coding identified topics raised in portal messages. A total of 399 message threads from 159 unique patients were analyzed. Patients were on average 78.4 years old (SD 8.0). Most (65%) were female, White (76%), and non-Hispanic/Latinx (96%); 15% had a registered proxy portal user. The most common topics raised in portal messages were logistics (42%), concerns about adverse effects/treatment burden (25%), asking for new medications (23%), and openness to stopping medications (21%). Qualitative analysis revealed three main themes related to deprescribing: (1) Opportunities to deprescribe, (2) challenges to deprescribing, and (3) medication-related counseling in the portal. PWD and their care partners frequently raise medication concerns in the portal, suggesting it is a promising platform for delivering deprescribing interventions for this population. Future research should identify characteristics of portal-based interventions that would best support deprescribing for PWD and develop pragmatic workflows.

5109 Evaluation of an educational intervention to primary care providers to increase screening for primary aldosteronism

5109 Evaluation of an educational intervention to primary care providers to increase screening for primary aldosteronism

Improving the assessment of cultural, religious and spiritual needs for patients at the end-of-life within an acute hospital trust

BackgroundCultural, religious and spiritual (CRS) needs become increasingly important to individuals as they approach the end of life. CRS needs often remain unmet for patients dying in an acute hospital...

Investigating the effect of peer-led educational intervention on behaviors related to pubertal health and its determinants in high school girls of Genaveh, Iran: Application of social cognitive theory

Background Empowering adolescents in the field of puberty health is one of the important goals of public health programs. The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the effect of peer-led training on puberty-related behavior and its determinants using social cognitive theory. Methods: A total of 245 teenage girls were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group and the comparison group. The questionnaire measuring puberty-related behavior and its determinants was self-administered and completed before and 2 months after training in the two groups. One session for parents, four sessions for peer educators, and four sessions for participants were conducted for 1 month. Results: In the intervention group, unlike the comparison group, the mean scores of knowledge, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, self-control, social support, and behavior increased significantly after training (p <0.05). Based on regression analysis, outcome expectations and social support were the main determinants of puberty-related behavior (adjusted R2 = 0.464). Conclusion: The findings of this study support the effectiveness of the peer-led educational intervention based on social cognitive theory in the improvement of puberty-related behavior and its determinants, which can be used in the design of puberty-related health promotion programs. Further research to assess the longer-term outcomes and to examine other theories of behavior change are suggested.

The impact of educational and training programs on disaster awareness and preparedness among health sciences students: A quasi-experimental study

Disaster preparedness among health sciences students is critical but often insufficient. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a disaster awareness and impact reduction educational intervention in enhancing disaster preparedness. A quasi-experimental single-group pretest-posttest design was employed, with the intervention consisting of 16 h of education delivered over four weeks via a distance learning platform. The study involved 599 students from the faculties of health sciences, who were assessed at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results indicated that students’ baseline disaster preparedness levels were low, with no significant correlations found between demographic characteristics, previous disaster experiences, or prior disaster preparedness training and baseline preparedness levels. Repeated-measures Analysis of Variance confirmed a significant impact of the intervention after controlling for baseline preparedness levels. Significant improvements were observed post-intervention across all preparedness dimensions: disaster physical protection, disaster planning, disaster assistance, disaster warning systems, and total preparedness levels (p < .001). The most substantial gains were noted among students with initially low preparedness levels. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating disaster preparedness education into health sciences curricula to better equip future healthcare professionals for effective disaster response.