Educational Leaflet Research Articles

A pilot intervention study on bullying prevention among junior high school students in Shantou, China

BackgroundBullying is common among adolescents and can have an adverse effect on victims. This study aims to implement and evaluate an educational intervention on bullying prevention among junior high school students in Shantou, China.MethodsThe four-session educational intervention was designed based on the knowledge-attitude-practice model and conducted from September to December 2018, with one session implemented a month. The intervention methods included holding bullying-themed class meetings, distributing bullying educational leaflets at school, and playing anti-bullying videos in class. The post-intervention assessment was measured at the end of session 4. The chi-square tests were used to examine the changes from baseline to after intervention in the intervention and control group.ResultsThe results showed that the intervention group’s awareness of bullying (percentage of the students who knew bullying very well, male: before vs. after intervention: 16.3% vs. 37.6%, P < 0.001; female: before vs. after intervention: 11.8% vs. 38.8%, P < 0.01), and the female students’ acceptance of anti-bullying education (before vs. after intervention: 89.3% vs. 97.6%, P < 0.05) was improved after intervention. The incidence of cyber victimization (male: 32.3% vs. 18.5%, P < 0.05; female: 22.4 to 7.0%, P < 0.01) was also reduced in the intervention group, with the reduction in the incidence of social (19.4% vs. 8.7%, P < 0.05), verbal (40.9% vs. 27.2%, P < 0.05) victimization, and peer (36.6% vs. 20.7%, P < 0.05) and social bullying (11.8% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.01) among male students after intervention.ConclusionsThis educational intervention was the first important step to develop effective intervention strategies for bullying prevention among junior high school students in China.

Implementing an evidence-based structured education and management program in an inpatient adult oncology setting to improve patients' pain control.

Cancer-related pain is prevalent across the cancer trajectory, and is probably one of the most feared of all cancer symptoms for patients and their families. Although there were guidelines and framework regarding the management of cancer pain, pain control among patients remain suboptimal. This best practice implementation project aimed to improve patients' perception on cancer pain management and pain control through implementing structured patient and family education and patient information leaflet (PIL) on managing cancer pain. The current implementation project conducted in an adult oncology inpatient unit utilized the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice module for promoting evidence-based health care. A comparison between the preimplementation and postimplementation findings showed significant improvements for both audit criteria outcomes. The percentage of patients receiving verbal education rose from 0 to 69%, whereas the percentage of patients receiving PIL increased 0-100%. Patient compliance to analgesic regime increased from 0 to 100%. There was a significant improvement in patients' pain levels ( P < 0.001), with majority rate having none-mild pain post intervention. A structured educational program on cancer-related pain improved patients' knowledge on cancer-related pain management and pain control. Despite the remarkable increase in the compliance rate, further interventions may still be required to achieve 100% compliance. Continuous audits will be held to guide follow-up interventions to ensure compliance and sustention of the project.

Development of pharmaceutical care tools for people living with HIV treated at a medium- and high-complexity hospital

The exposure of people living with HIV (PLHIV) to antiretrovirals (ARV) can cause significant adverse effects, contributing to their low adherence to treatment. The pharmacist can contribute to the optimization of PLHIV drug therapy through pharmacotherapeutic monitoring, favoring adherence to ARV therapy and, consequently, suppression of the viral load. The objective of the present study was to develop a pharmacotherapeutic monitoring routine for PLHIV in outpatient follow-up at a medium- and high-complexity hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. This is an experimental development project that consists of using knowledge from practical experience and research from the specialized literature to subsidize the structuring of a new service to support PLHIV. The work was divided into three parts: development of the necessary instruments for pharmaceutical care, elaboration of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for patient care, and testing of routines and work tools. The educational leaflets for patients and information boards were developed through a literature search, whereas the pharmaceutical documentation instruments and SOP were developed through adaptations of the Dáder Method. All work instruments were subjected to a test to evaluate the need for changes to improve the service.

Representatividade da mulher negra em folhetos educativos sobre saúde da mulher

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the educational leaflets of the Brazilian Ministry of Health on women's health available in the Virtual Health Library; to classify the representation of women in these leaflets according to ethnicity / race / color; to analyze the representation of black women in these leaflets. Method Documentary, descriptive, exploratory study. Results From 2007 to 2019, 19 educational brochures related to women's health were identified, ten of which had images of women. White women were observed in the ten leaflets (100%) that contained images and illustrations, whereas black women were identified in three (30%) of the 10 leaflets. Two analytical categories emerged from the data analysis: “the underrepresented black woman” and “deconstructing stereotypes: the prominent role of black women”. Conclusion This study shows a low representation of black women in educational leaflets. However, when represented, black women are portrayed positively and equally in relation to women of other racial and ethnic groups.

Educational Interventions and Its Impact on the Treatment Outcomes of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are among the most severe and debilitating complications of diabetes, causing considerable suffering and economic consequences for the patients. The review aims to elaborate on the importance, types, and effects of educational intervention among DFU patients. This review was conducted by electronic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Collaboration Database, and Google Scholar with keywords like ‘diabetic foot ulcer,’ ‘educational intervention,’ ‘treatment outcomes,’ etc. The review includes randomization controlled study, cross-sectional, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, cohort studies, etc. The articles were published in English and unpublished and other languages were excluded. This review identified that most of the educational interventions implemented were group education sessions and leaflets that improved the self-foot care practices, foot care knowledge, health status, and medication adherence of the DFU patients. Among the treatment modalities, the dressing was found to be used in most of the patients. Biofilms affect wound healing and delay the healing process. Implementing educational interventions by a multidisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, clinical pharmacists, and podiatrists enhances diabetic foot care practices and knowledge, preventing the DFUs. This review concluded that educational interventions were beneficial to DFU patients in improving their self-care practices and foot care knowledge.

Workshop Compiled

Back ground: Run-away- Marriages are on the rise and growing concern. There is little awareness that these could be due a mental illness.Layout:Aim: To present a psychiatric and legal perspective on Run-away- Marriages. 1. Introduction to the topic: Dr Indira Sharma2. Causes of Run-away- Marriages: Dr Vivek Kirpekar Improvement in socioeconomic status, improper parenting, focus on personal autonomy, digital media, globalisation, and protection given by judiciary are some of reasons for increase in Run-away- Marriages3. Socioreligous versus Run-away- Marriages, which ones are better: Dr Vipul Singh Socio-religious marriages have been the accepted norm. However, in exceptional situations a Run-away- Marriage could be the better option.4. Psychiatric perspective: Dr Shashi Rai Patients with severe mental illness or personality disorder may opt for Run-away- Marriages5. Legal Perspective: Dr Indira SharmaCourts have accepted ‘Run-away- Marriage’ as a fundamental right and given protection to them. However, there is little recognition that this could be due to a severe mental illness.6. Question and Answers from: Participants7. Concluding Remarks: Dr Vipul Singh The PresidentIndian Psychiatric societySir,Sub: submission of workshop proposal for ANCIPS2022 on behalf of Indo-US Psychiatry Education forum and Life fellow of IPS reg.I am herewith submitting the proposal of workshop titled “CBT for practicing clinicians” for discussion and approval by the scientific committee of the ANCIPS2022.Psychiatric practice in India can be improved by making psychotherapy interventions available to more number of patients and their families. However most psychiatrists in practice are limited by lack of adequate number of trained therapists to meet the enormous need for these services.This workshop is planned with the intention of making practicing psychiatrist well versed with principles of CBT and learn high powered techniques that can be incorporated into the routine psychiatric practice. The workshop is based on the one year of monthly online webinars on CBT involving Faculty from New Jersy, USA and faculty as well as residents of three medical colleges: Gandhi, Osmania and SVS medical colleges from India.The residents learnt CBT skills, prepared videos as well as patient skill building educational leaflets. The essence of our work for the past year will be presented through workshop.Duration of workshop : 2 Hrs, preferably on Friday / Saturday 21st/ 22nd Jan 2022.Co-ordinator: Dr. K. Ashok Reddy M.D, Professor and Head, Dept. of Psychiatry, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar & Co-ordinator of Indo-US Psychiatry Education ForumModerator of the workshop: Dr.Pinninti Narsimha Reddy, Professor of psychiatry , New Jersy, USAPresenters of the WorkshopABC plan for suicidal ideation based on CBT for Suicide Prevention: Dr. Ravikishore & Dr.U.Aditya Residents from Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad.Demonstration of CBT-for OCD : 1. Dr. Dikshit & 2.Dr.NikhitaGandhi Medical College, HyderabadDemonstration of CBT for Delusions By 1.Dr.Venkata Ramakrishna & 2. Dr. Srishti Residents from SVS Medical college, MahabubnagarAfter the demonstration, Delegates in the hall will be given the clinical challenges which they have to work out using CBT Principles and what they learned from present workshop so that the audience can take the skills they learned to their patients in their respective settings.Kindly arrange for the approval of the above workshop during ANCIPS2022 at Vizag and communicate to us.Thanking you Sir,Yours trulyDr. K. Ashok Reddy M.DIPS LifeFellow No. LF 1055Professor & Head, Dept. of PsychiatrySVS Medical College, MahabubnagarPast president of IPS-SZBReturning officer, IPS Election commissionCo-ordinatorIndo-US Psychiatry Education Forum- - - - -Yours Faithfully,Dr.K.Ashok Reddy M.DProfessor & HoDDept. of PsychiatryS V S Medical College,MAHABUBNAGAR. T.SMobile: +91 93910-41531.Workshop:

Does a bespoke education session change levels of catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and pain beliefs in patients with patellofemoral pain? A feasibility study

OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility of a 30-minute education session for patients with patellofemoral pain on levels of catastrophizing and kinesiophobia. DESIGN: Randomised feasibility study SETTING: Three sites within a single NHS Organisation in England. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one adult patients were screened for inclusion, resulting in twenty-four who had a clinical diagnosis of patellofemoral pain being randomised equally to either the intervention or control group. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomised to either control or intervention conditions; both received standardized physiotherapy while the intervention/experimental group received a 30-minute educational session addressing causes of pain, beliefs about noise that comes from the joint, the impact of the pain on activity, the influence of other family members’ experience and beliefs about knee pain. Intervention participants were also given an education leaflet: ‘Managing My Patellofemoral Pain’. MAIN OUTCOMES: recruitment, retention, intervention fidelity. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs): Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for patellofemoral pain and osteoarthritis (KOOS-PF), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). RESULTS: The study was successful in recruiting and retaining participants and was delivered as intended. In addition, sufficient clinical data were generated to calculate the required sample size for a future study of efficacy CONCLUSIONS: This study which featured a 30-minute education session targeting levels of catastrophizing and kinesiophobia is feasible and identified that the TSK may be the most appropriate PROMs for a future study of efficacy of this intervention. Allowing for a drop out of 20% as identified in similar studies, 86 participants (per arm) in a two-arm study would be required for a traditional randomised controlled trial design.

PENGGUNAAN GADGET YANG TEPAT BAGI ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI SEKOLAH DASAR St. YOSEPH III KOTA KUPANG

In this globalization era, everyone uses gadgets with modern technology such as laptops, computer, tablets, smarthphones and others. Interesting things of gadgets such as social media and online games make gadgets are nedded for all of ages including school-age children. More fun of gadgets activity makes school-age children play gadgets more than two hours a day. Excessive intensity is very dangerous because dependence of gadgets affects intellectual and emotional intelligence, decreased focus on learning, does not do homework, and unable to manage time for others things. More severe impact is the risk of mental disorders. The aim of this community service activity was that students know how to use gadgets correctly and avoid gadgets abuse. The provision of health education was carried out directly to the students in St. Yoseph III Elementary School. Media used are educational videos, posters and leaflets. Students were divided into several groups based on grade level. After providing health education, we evaluated the students’knowledge. The result showed that 65% of students understood the health education and 55% gave positive feedback. It is very important for students to understanding the correct use of gadgets, so that students do not dependence of gadgets which has impact on physical and psychological health problems and does not interfere students’learning processes. Therefore, it is recommended that parents and teachers can monitor the use og gadgets and guide children on how to use gadgets properly both at home and at school. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Key Words: Gadgets, School-age children

The clinical utility of a written point-of-care Concussion Action Plan (CAP) in facilitating recovery from a concussive injury, and improve outcomes following emergency department discharge

Background: The majority of concussion injuries in children and adolescents are sports and/or recreational-related. Most have a typical clinical trajectory, making a full recovery by 3 weeks. This process however can be long and drawn-out as many practitioners are reluctant to move too quickly due to a lack of guidance. Post-concussion, many injured patients are robust enough to commence escalation of their activity earlier than is current suggested, with excessive rest often prolonging recovery. A tool that outlines a consistent and clear plan of action or CAP for patients recovering from a concussion has the potential to improve outcomes, increase parental satisfaction and may even reduce the burden of unscheduled visits to medical service providers such as General Practitioners or Emergency Departments. Method: A non-randomised controlled study was conducted in the emergency department of a single tertiary paediatric trauma centre over a 3-month period. Children aged 12-16 years presenting with a simple concussion (no hospitalisation or co-morbidity) were eligible to participate. On discharge from the emergency department, families were given, in addition to an education leaflet, a CAP with instruction on its use at home. CAP is a colour coded activity progression plan, with compatible cognitive and physical activities prescribed at each sequential stage. CAP includes a daily symptom diary to be recorded by the parent and/or caregiver to assist progression through the plan, in addition to having a record of symptom recovery should they need to visit their GP for advice. All participants were followed until full recovery. Outcomes of interest were; patient compliance, adverse events and unscheduled representations, with parental and/or caregiver satisfaction a secondary outcome. Results: During the study, 132 patients with a simple concussion were evaluated in the emergency department. Of these, 69 participated in the study, and the remaining 63 managed with education alone. The mean age was 12.8 years, 70% male, with recreation-related falls accounting for 68%. Non-compliance with instruction was reported in 4.3% of participants using CAP and 48% undergoing education. Deviation from CAP was reported in 3.4% of participants who made a rapid recovery. In all cases, parents were satisfied with CAP. Dissatisfaction was reported in 38% of those having education alone due to confusing or mis-information. No adverse outcomes were reported in either group. Unscheduled visits were reported in 11% of those undergoing education alone as the parent and/or caregiver was often unclear on how to progress a child toward normal activity. Discussion: The use of CAP improves outcome and streamlines the discharge process in a busy acute-care setting. Parents also need to understand the disease and what to do if expectations are not met. Education before discharge tailored to meet this need in addition to CAP is important. Conflict of interest statement: My co-authors and I acknowledge that we have no conflicts of interest of relevance to the submission of this abstract.

Impact of oral health guidance on the tongue-lip motor function of outpatients at a dental hospital.

ObjectiveTo clarify the effect of oral health guidance on tongue‐lip motor function in the outpatients visiting the Showa University Dental Hospital (Tokyo, Japan).BackgroundThe management of the oral function of older people visiting a dental hospital is important. Previous studies have revealed that tongue‐lip motor function is easy to improve. However, the impact of oral health guidance on tongue‐lip motor function in the outpatients of dental hospital requires further elucidation.Materials and MethodsThe participants (n = 35) included patients who were diagnosed with low tongue‐lip motor function on evaluation by oral diadochokinesis (ODK) at the outpatient clinic. They underwent a second examination approximately 6‐12 months later. Their demographic characteristics were recorded. Oral health guidance was provided through an educational leaflet on oral hypofunction when the participants visited the clinic. It included content on tongue twisters, voice training and a range of movement and muscle training of the tongue and lip.ResultsFollowing oral health guidance on tongue‐lip motor function, the ODK values changed from 5.6 at the first examination to 6.0 at the second for /pa/, from 5.6 to 5.8 for /ta/ and from 5.2 to 5.4 for /ka/. This improvement was not significantly associated with age, sex, measurement period or number of visits.ConclusionThe findings of this longitudinal study suggested that oral health guidance using an oral hypofunction educational leaflet may be effective in improving the tongue‐lip motor function of outpatients who had low tongue‐lip motor function, regardless of the measurement period or the number of visits to the dental hospital.

421 Closed loop analgesia audit, a Single Centre Experience in Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, Scotland

Abstract Aim Assess are we following the analgesic step ladder accurately and if not are the reasons clear and documented? Method A closed-loop audit performed on the use of the WHO Analgesic ladder in surgical patients. We looked at the compliance of the analgesic ladder and are the reasons documented or explained when the ladder is not followed. The data was collated, analysed, and presented at an audit meeting. We then implemented changes in the form of educational sessions and information leaflets sharing, as well as email reminders among staff. Post-implementation showed an improvement in the documentation when the analgesic ladder was not followed. Results A total of 103 surgical patients were included. Prior to the implementation of interventions, 83.3% of patients had analgesia prescribed following the analgesic ladder. Of those remaining patients who had analgesia prescribed not according to the analgesic ladder, only 50% documented the indications and reasons. Post-implementation, the analgesic ladder compliance dropped to 50.9% with documentation improvement to 56%. Conclusions All surgical patients have prescribed analgesia when needed. Though WHO ladder compliance has shown reduction compared to the first data sample, the reasons are clinically justified, and improvements have been shown in documentation after intervention though there is still room for improvement for documentation. This is perhaps surgical teams are more aware of the choice of analgesia used post-intervention while taking the analgesic ladder into consideration. Stepwise multimodal analgesia prescribing will improve analgesic effect hence improves post-operative recovery hence reduce the length of hospital stay as part of the ERAS protocol.

Effects of multimedia-based fall prevention education on the knowledge, attitudes, or behaviors of patients.

Patient safety is regarded as a critical quality monitoring indicator for medical institutions. The effects of a multimedia-based patient education intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding fall prevention were observed. The study had a quasi-experimental research design and enrolled 140 participants. Seventy participants in the experimental group received multimedia-based patient education and a health education leaflet, while those in the control group received only the health education leaflet. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection at baseline, and a posttest was applied after the intervention. The participants were predominantly treated in the gastroenterology department (45.7%), followed by the pulmonology department (33.6%). A total of 86.4% of patients had not experienced a fall within 3 months. After the intervention, the average scores for all variables in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. The results indicate that attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors regarding fall prevention among patients in the pulmonology department were higher than those among patients in the gastroenterology department; the differences were statistically significant. The individualized health education content was of substantial significance for patients with different disease backgrounds and facilitated changes in their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding falls. Multimedia-based patient education influenced inpatients' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors for preventing falls.

Increasing patient participation in hand hygiene practices in adult surgical wards in a tertiary institution: a best practice implementation project

The WHO states that hospital-acquired infections may be transmitted through contaminated hands. Practicing hand hygiene using alcohol-based handrub or soap and water reduces harmful organisms. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) best practice recommends empowering patients with hand hygiene knowledge and engaging their involvement to strengthen hand hygiene practices. The aim of this project was to improve hand hygiene among surgical inpatients. This evidence-based quality improvement project was conducted in three phases: the baseline audit, implementing best practice, and the postimplementation audit. Participants were patients hospitalized in three surgical wards of a 1200-bed acute care tertiary hospital. This project utilized the online JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and The Getting Research into Practice program to identify barriers and strategies. Nurses provided patients with an education pamphlet and regularly reminded them to improve their hand hygiene practices. Ninety-four patients were audited between April and June 2018. Patients' hand hygiene practices improved from 19.1% at baseline audit to 61.7% (P < 0.01) at first follow-up audit. Patients' hand hygiene improved from 48.9 to 72.3% (P = 0.03) before meals, and from 92.6 to 98.9% (P = 0.65) after toileting. The proportion of patients who received a hand hygiene information leaflet in an appropriate language increased from 64.9 to 89.4% (P < 0.01). Patients' involvement in the hand hygiene program has significantly improved their hand hygiene practices. Patient education and patient information leaflet continue to be an effective strategy to improve knowledge and practices.

Effect of a self-care educational intervention to improve self-care adherence among patients with chronic heart failure: a clustered randomized controlled trial in Northwest Ethiopia

BackgroundAs the burden of cardiovascular disease increases in sub-Saharan Africa, there is a growing need for low-cost interventions to mitigate its impact. Providing self-care health education to patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is recommended as an intervention to prevent complications, improve quality of life, and reduce financial burdens on fragile health systems. However, little is known about health education’s effectiveness at improving CHF self-management adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore the present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention to improve self-care adherence among patients with CHF at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Referral Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsTo address this gap, we adapted a health education intervention based on social cognitive theory comprising of intensive four-day training and, one-day follow-up sessions offered every four months. Patients also received illustrated educational leaflets. We then conducted a clustered randomized control trial of the intervention with 186 randomly-selected patients at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot referral hospitals. We collected self-reported data on self-care behavior before each educational session. We analyzed these data using a generalized estimating equations model to identify health education's effect on a validated 8-item self-care adherence scale.ResultsSelf-care adherence scores were balanced at baseline. After the intervention, patients in the intervention group (n = 88) had higher adherence scores than those in the control group (n = 98). This difference was statistically significant (β = 4.15, p < 0.05) and increased with each round of education. Other factors significantly associated with adherence scores were being single (β = − 0.25, p < 0.05), taking aspirin (β = 0.76, p < 0.05), and having a history of hospitalization (β = 0.91, p < 0.05).ConclusionsWe find that self-care education significantly improved self-care adherence scores among CHF patients. This suggests that policymakers should consider incorporating self-care education into CHF management.Trial registration number: PACTR201908812642231

Controlling medication nonadherence in chronic illness

Patient adherence during the treatment period must be considered because patient adherence plays an important role in achieving therapeutic success, especially for chronic diseases. Treatment non-adherence is a common and complex problem. Failure to follow a treatment schedule can lead to major health complications, including death. Several interventions are needed to control patient non-adherence. Several interventions can support and improve patient adherence. These include digital interventions, increasing patient knowledge and understanding of the treatment undertaken with counseling, and Drug Information Services (PIO). They provide educational leaflets, digital pillbox reminders, Pill Cards; family support; diaries; keeping treatment commitments. Based on this, it is necessary to have an intervention method in terms of education (educational), behavior (behavior), and attitude (affective) to achieve patient adherence and the success of chronic disease therapy.&#x0D; Keywords: Non-adherence; treatment; chronic disease control; medication; patient care

Exploration of interventions to enhance return-to-work for cancer patients: A scoping review

Objective: With the increasing incidence and earlier onset of cancer, more and more cancer patients are facing the problems of return-to-work. This review is to explore the types, contents, and results of return-to-work interventions for cancer patients. Methods: This scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and PRISMA-ScR List. Three Chinese databases and five English databases were searched from the establishment of databases to 31 March, 2021. Article selection and data extraction were conducted by two researchers. Results: Thirty-two studies and 1916 cancer patients with mainly breast and gastrointestinal cancer were included. According to the contents, interventions could be divided into four types: (1) physical interventions (n = 6), including high-intensity exercise, low-to-moderate intensity exercise, yoga, and upper limb functional training, (2) psychological interventions (n = 2), including early active individualized psychosocial support and mindfulness-based recovery, (3) vocational interventions (n = 14), including making work plans, educational leaflets, vocational consultations, electronic health intervention, and interventions targeting at employers, (4) multidisciplinary interventions (n = 10), including any combination of above interventions. Physical exercises, making working plans, vocational consultations, educational leaflets, two combinations of vocational and physical interventions were validated to have positive results in enhancing cancer patients’ return-to-work. Conclusions: Return-to-work interventions for cancer patients are diversified and can be divided into physical, psychological, vocational, and multidisciplinary interventions. Medical staffs can utilize physical exercises, making working plans, vocational consultation, educational leaflets, combinations of vocational and physical interventions to enhance cancer patients’ return-to-work. Other interventions still need to be developed and validated.

Student Movements Against the Imperial University: Toward a Genealogy of Disability Justice in U.S. Higher Education

This article explores insurgent knowledge created by student organizers who are collectively challenging institutional complicity with U.S. imperialism, racial capitalism, settler-colonialism, and disability injustice through social movements on U.S. college campuses. Taking Syracuse University as a case study of anti-imperialist student organizing from 1968-1970, I analyze student protest materials—primarily political education leaflets and literature opposing the Vietnam War and anti-Black racism—from the university archives. Following a lineage of anti-imperialist student organizing from the second half of the twentieth century to the present-day student movement for justice in Palestine, I highlight traces of disability within histories of student protest that have largely been framed as extraneous to disability issues and histories on U.S. campuses. My argument is twofold: 1. Student movements opposing Israeli apartheid, U.S. imperialism, and settler-colonialism are also movements for disability justice, and 2. Student movements for disability justice must actively oppose Israeli apartheid, U.S. imperialism, and settler-colonialism. Through collective labor and direct action aimed at transformation over inclusion, student protestors throughout history and today offer a different framing of what a university might do under other, non-white supremacist, heteropatriarchal, and settler-capitalist social relations and economic conditions that impede collective access. The visions put forth by student organizers can inform how we teach and labor at universities to bring our politics and practices in closer alignment with the principles of disability justice.

The Effectiveness of Organ Donation Education on Knowledge and Attitude Among Intensive Care Nurses

Every day, the needs for organ donation are increasing while the number of organ donors is significantly lower and unable to meet the demand. To successfully promote organ donation, it is important that Intensive Care Nurses have highest level of knowledge and positive attitude towards organ donation because they play a vital role in improving organ donation rates. Organ donation education has shown increased knowledge and positively influenced attitude among Intensive Care Nurses about donor eligibility and brain death. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of organ donation education on knowledge & attitude among Intensive Care Nurses. A one-hour organ donation education and educational leaflet was given to 63 of registered nurses. A Structured administered questionnaire on knowledge and attitude scale was used before and after intervention. The finding of the study showed the respondent’s knowledge and attitude on organ donation has been increased after attending organ donation education and organ donation education gives the greatest effect on knowledge and attitude of Intensive Care Nurses toward organ donation.

A prescription of information – promoting symptom self-management in people with functional neurological disorder (FND)

AimsFunctional Neurological Disorder (FND) is known to be associated with high healthcare resource utilisation and poor quality of life. Patients’ understanding of the disorder is considered instrumental in improving prognosis.We produced a symptom self-management patient education strategy with a booklet and FND symptoms recording template in a community neuropsychiatry setting. We embedded this psychoeducation intervention in a post-nursing triage model of care.MethodA co-production cycle of patient education material was implemented as part of a Quality Improvement Project (QIP) at East Kent Neuropsychiatry Service. Year 4 medical students completed their first QIP cycle involving 4 students, 2 multidisciplinary team members and 4 patients with functional neurological presentations. An FND leaflet and symptom recording template was produced and reviewed using feedback domains such as leaflet readability, perceived usefulness, and template design. The revised version of leaflet was then pilot-tested in second QIP cycle via email or post to 12 patients awaiting their group psychology or neuropsychiatry appointments for treatment of FND. The uptake and impact of leaflet was assessed using telephone-based structured feedback collection.ResultThe first QIP cycle included 10 participants and generated qualitative knowledge domains, providing examples of different types of FND presentations and a biological-psychological-social model explaining onset and/or recurrence of FND symptoms. Group patient feedback and co-production input allowed inclusion of the patient voice and a re-design of leaflet and symptom recording template.The second QIP cycle involved 12 participants: feedback was collected two weeks after circulation of patient education material. Only 5 participants (42%) had read and used their education leaflet and template during this period. Patients described the booklet as useful overall, but thought it to be more useful at the point of diagnosis and referral to neuropsychiatry. Qualitatively, patients wished there to be more emphasis on FND being explained as “less psychiatric, more a neuropsychiatric problem”, and that it would be “very good for someone who had just been diagnosed”. 80% of responders rated the leaflet quality 8/10 or above. These respondents felt that the leaflet had helped them understand their condition better than they did previously. Usefulness of an additional self-formulation flowchart was rated as 8/10 or below by all patients - with several finding it difficult to use.ConclusionOur QIP supports the need for early patient education when discussing diagnosis of FND. The finding of 42% uptake within two weeks of leaflet dispatch is encouraging.

Bowel monitoring in psychiatry of old age: a quality improvement project

AimsThis project aims to ensure all patients in the dementia ward 1 in Kingsway Care Centre, Dundee have daily bowel monitoring and achieve a normal bowel habit. The hypothesis is that patients are inadequately screened and substantial undiagnosed constipation exists.BackgroundConstipation has a prevalence of 16-50% among individuals over 65 years old in the community. Psychiatric illnesses are known risk factors with older psychiatric patients 3-6 times more likely to be constipated. Untreated constipation may progress to serious complications such as bowel obstruction and bowel perforation. Delirium, often mislabelled as worsening psychiatric symptoms, also may occur leading to additional psychotropic medications being prescribed, further worsening the constipation.MethodAll patients in Ward 1, Kingsway Care Centre Dundee over 4 months were included, amounting to 25 patients. Data were gathered from stool charts weekly. Quality improvement framework was followed with two plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles completed. Normal bowel function was assessed against ROME IV constipation criteria and less than 75% of Bristol stool type 6 or 7 due to the risk of overflow diarrhoea and laxative overuse. In the first PDSA cycle, stool charts were modified to account for patients independently mobilising to the bathroom and daily documentation even if bowel movements were uncertain. The second PDSA cycle introduced a sticker on charts folder to “ask the patient” along with a staff education leaflet on the complications of constipation. Data were anonymised and analysed with run charts using Microsoft Excel.ResultAt baselines, 50% of patients had a stool chart. This increased to 90% in cycle 1, 100% in cycle 2. 28% of patients had any stools documented at baselines. This increased to 31% in cycle 1, 59% in cycle 2. At baselines, 0% of patients had a normal bowel habit. This maintained at 0% in cycle 1 but increased to 13% in cycle 2. No serious complications were found in patients assisted with toileting. However, 34% of independently mobile patients developed serious complications.ConclusionPoor documentation existed in all patients, particularly those independently mobile. Independently mobile patients were particularly at risk of serious complications of constipation compared to assisted patients. Introduction of new stool charts in the first PDSA cycle resulted in increased documentation but limited benefit for identification of constipation. The second PDSA cycle, targeting staff education and compliance, showed an increase in identification of constipation indicating limited staff knowledge as a key barrier to improvement in patients’ bowel habit.