Department Of Education Research Articles

Teaching Practicums at the Postgraduate Level: Problems, Solutions, and Recommendations

In any educational study program, teaching practicums are necessary to be implemented. It often serves as an apprenticeship to give pre-service teachers practical experience regarding the real world of teaching. It is commonly implemented at the undergraduate level. At the postgraduate level, however, this implementation remains controversial. This study was conducted to reveal postgraduate students’ problems and solutions during their teaching practicums. Besides that, this study also aimed to examine and give critical insights into the implementation of teaching practicums at the postgraduate level for educational study program students. Data was retrieved from open-ended questionnaires to 8 postgraduate students about their problems and solutions in doing their teaching practicums. Data was also taken from 7 other respondents. They were practitioners like lecturers, teachers, and alumni from educational departments. The findings revealed that in doing their teaching practicums, the master’s degree students dealt with various problems similar to those faced by their undergraduate counterparts. Another finding disclosed the practitioners’ opinions that for the postgraduate level, the focus of teaching practicums can be altered and implemented in a form other than teaching. It can be research, curriculum development, language teaching technology development, and material development. At the postgraduate level, students are expected to focus on research, not just the practice of teaching.

Heed new OCR guidance for avoiding discriminatory uses of AI

Much has been written about the ethics of using artificial intelligence in higher education. Less has been written about the legal implications of using AI at colleges and universities, especially with regard to discrimination laws. However, the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights recently threw its hat into the ring and published a resource titled “Avoiding the Discriminatory Use of Artificial Intelligence.”

Creating An Effective Arabic Language Environment in The Department of Arabic Language Education, University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Creating An Effective Arabic Language Environment in The Department of Arabic Language Education, University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Forced to Reimagine: Reflections on the Experience of Leicester Vaughan College Community Benefit Society

This article outlines the experiences of two tutors from an adult education department shut down by its higher education institution (HEI). It is a chronological reflective account of how members of the department responded to their exclusion by re-establishing their provision as a cooperative community benefit society (CBS), Leicester Vaughan College (LVC). This response was not only an expression of resistance, but it was an antidote to the neoliberal university system, which all too often undervalues adult education, marginalises adult learners or excludes their education altogether. As educators and students together, the aim was to use our understanding of the processes and practices of higher adult education to reconstruct this provision in a collaborative and cooperative way. Our experience before and after ‘expulsion’, and the reimagination of an alternative future in contrast to the dominant neoliberal model, shines a light on the wider difficulties and inequalities in the HE sector. As we searched (and continue to search) for a ‘happy ending’ with LVC, the multiple hurdles experienced exemplify the difficulties of trying to create a space for a new paradigm within hostile, shifting structures shaped by neoliberal regulatory and economic imperatives. This article finishes by setting out a context in which adult HE and institutions like LVC could flourish.

Diversity in psychiatry education and patient and public involvement: roundtable analysis.

Patient involvement in psychiatry education struggles to be representative of the patients that doctors will treat once qualified. The issues of mental health stigma, cultural perspectives of mental health and the unique role of teaching, required exploring to establish the barriers and facilitators to increasing the diversity of patients involved in psychiatry education. To explore the causes of this lack of representation, a roundtable event with 34 delegates composed of people with lived experience of mental health issues, people from underserved communities, academics, mental health professionals and charity representatives met to discuss the barriers to involvement in psychiatry education and possible solutions. Themes were further developed in a context expert focus group. Notes from the roundtable and focus group were analysed and developed into recommendations for medical schools and mental health professional teaching departments.

The influence of french gymnastics on brazilian physical education: scope of fencing

This article aims to reflect on reasons why the fencing to be included in the curriculum of the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná. For this, the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná, sent to the Division of Physical Education of the National Department of Education, which are archived at the Center for Memory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná Annual Reports were analyzed. Concluding that factors related to the method gymnastic Frances responsible for the inclusion of the sport in the curriculum of the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná.

Exploring ESL teachers’ experiences about ICT-based 4Cs skills: a phenomenological study

This study examines the experiences of university-level English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers in relation to the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based 4Cs (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity) skills in English language teaching and learning. The research aims to explore the impact of 4Cs skills on the teaching and learning process, particularly in the context of ESL education. Through a phenomenological study approach, data have been collected through semi-structured interviews with the five ESL teachers of a public sector university’s education department. The recorded semi-structured interviews were transcribed into verbatim form and analysed thematically to gain insights into the ESL teachers’ experiences and perceptions regarding ICT-based 4Cs skills. The phenomenological approach offered a rich and nuanced understanding of the five ESL teachers’ experiences by exploring the subjective meanings they attribute to their lived experiences. The findings provided valuable insights into the experiences of ESL teachers and emphasize the significance of ICT-based 4Cs skills in the twenty-first century. The results highlight the effectiveness of various teaching techniques in implementing these skills but also identify challenges faced by ESL teachers when teaching ESL learners. Overall, this research underscores the importance of integrating ICT-based 4Cs skills in ESL instruction and contributes to the understanding of their implementation in the field of education.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER CANDIDATES' PERCEPTIONS OF RESPONSIBILITY IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING: A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY

The aim of the present study is to develop a foreign language teaching responsibility perception scale for pre-service foreign language teachers. While teacher responsibilities are discussed by many stakeholders, it was identified that there is no scale in the literature on what pre-service foreign language teachers feel responsible for. Following the literature review, the form developed was finalised by making the necessary arrangements after the opinions of the experts for content validity. The researchers administered the scale in printed form to 354 participants who were studying in the 3rd and 4th grades in the Foreign Language Education departments of the Faculties of Education in Ankara. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was applied for the construct validity of the scale. As a result of EFA, a three-factor structure was determined, consisting of 29 items in total: 15 items in the first factor, 7 items in the second factor, and 7 items in the third factor. The total eigenvalue of the scale was calculated as 51,529%. Cronbach Alpha value was calculated for reliability. While the Cronbach Alpha value of the scale was calculated as 0.904, the Cronbach Alpha values of the factors were calculated as 0.920; 0.858; 0.854 respectively. Item-total correlations and comparisons between upper and lower groups showed that all items in the scale were discriminative. In the light of the validity and reliability analysis results, it can be said that a measurement tool with the necessary psychometric properties was developed within the scope of the current study.

Integration of Mixed Teaching in Ideological and Political Reform Practice of Health Assessment Course in Nursing Vocational Colleges

The analysis of the problems in health assessment course education, further study can be applied to nursing vocational health assessment course of hybrid teaching methods, mining education elements, establishing health assessment course of the education department, realize the depth of the professional education and ideological education, into the hybrid teaching mode, to achieve professional knowledge and thought quality of two-way integration of education.

Professional Reputation and Service Efficacy of Teachers in Public Elementary Schools

This study explored the professional reputation and service efficacy of teachers in Manay District, Division of Davao Oriental, employing a non-experimental quantitative research design with a correlational method. The study utilized universal sampling, involving 135 public elementary school teachers. Data were collected through validated survey instruments and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson r, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that the professional reputation of public elementary school teachers, measured in terms of obligation, truthfulness, admiration, sympathy, and communal responsibility, was often manifested. Meanwhile, their service efficacy, assessed through collaboration, decision-making, resource utilization, and communication, was sometimes evident. A significant relationship was found between professional reputation and service efficacy. Furthermore, specific domains of professional reputation were significant predictors of service efficacy. These results have important implications for educators and policymakers, particularly in designing professional development programs that enhance both professional reputation and service efficacy. It is recommended that public-school teachers participate in conferences and training offered by the Department of Education (DepEd) to foster professional growth and improve their teaching practices. Limitations of the study include its reliance on self-reported data and the focus on a single district, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Future research could explore similar relationships in other contexts or investigate additional factors influencing service efficacy.

Performance Evaluation of University-Based Scientific Research Institutions With a Non-Independent Parallel System.

Performance management in university-based scientific research institutions is essential for driving reform, advancing education quality, and fostering innovation. However, current performance evaluation models often focus solely on research indicators, neglecting the critical interdependence between the education and research systems. This oversight leads to inefficiencies in resource allocation and an underestimation of overall institutional performance, particularly in universities with varying development levels. To address these deficiencies, this study introduces two innovative two-stage data envelopment analysis models: the group-frontier and meta-frontier evaluation models. The findings are validated using data from 144 universities across China. They demonstrate that the proposed models effectively mitigate the underestimation of efficiency in traditional models and accurately reflect the intertwined nature of university subsystems and the disparities in university development. These results offer valuable insights for improving the performance of scientific research institutions and informing the strategic decisions of university administrators and government education departments.

The need of establishing specialised dental education departments: Road to champion

The need of establishing specialised dental education departments: Road to champion

Preservice Teachers' Intentions to Use Social Network Sites: Adoption of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model II

This study aims to verify the application of the UTAUT2 theoretical model in explaining the behavior of early childhood preservice teachers using social networking sites. Participants were first selected first-to-fourth-year, department of education, Northern Border university and college of education, Beni Suef through random sampling. 800 questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 93%. After data recovery, Warp PLS 5.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. The results showed that variables such as performance expectations, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price measurement, and usage habits in the UTAUT2 theoretical model have a significant positive impact on the intention of university students to use social networking sites. The explanatory power of website behavior is 13.4%. Gender, age, and experience variables have moderating effects on some influence paths in the model. The above results can be used by future university teachers to understand students' behavior in using social networking sites. They can use the behavioral characteristics of students who like to use social networking sites to change relevant courses or communication and interaction methods with students to social networking sites. This can improve student learning, effectiveness and management efficiency.

RESEARCH ROADBLOCKS: INVESTIGATING THE CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE DEPED PERSONNEL IN RESEARCH WRITING

This study investigates the pervasive challenges faced by Department of Education (DepEd) personnel in various aspects of research writing. Through a comprehensive assessment, it was found that educators encounter significant difficulties across all dimensions of research writing, ranging from time management to the formulation of conclusions and recommendations. These challenges, consistently rated as "Very Much Challenging," underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and supportive resources to enhance educators' proficiency and improve the quality and rigor of research outcomes within the educational context. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical importance of providing targeted support and resources to address these challenges, fostering a culture of research excellence among educators, and ultimately leading to informed decision-making and improved educational practices. Finally, the culmination of the study prompted the creation of a Research Guidebook tailored for DepEd personnel, designed to assist them in navigating the complexities of research writing.

Critical Thinking in Authentic Assessment: An Exploration into Argumentative Writing Non-English Department in Higher Education

This research aims to thoroughly explore how authentic assessment methods, designed to emulate real-life challenges, contribute to enhancing the abilities of students to construct logical arguments, critically evaluate evidence, and articulate thoughts coherently in writing. In order to achieve the stated objective, a qualitative research design was adopted, and content analysis was utilized systematically for the examination of the quality of argument, evaluation of evidence, and logical reasoning in the argumentative writings of the observed students. The results obtained from the data analysis conducted showed that all the arguments were relevant in general discussions and added precision through the use of examples. Accordingly, the examples given provided clear insight into how each application related to the general discussions, hence each example was considered relevant in improving the understanding of the topic in question. In an effort to ensure the conducted analysis was carried out thoroughly, deep essays in the expansive coverage of the details relevant to the different aspects of the research were reviewed. Each of the essays threw forward the central contention or stance taken with strength and the support of quality evidence including concrete examples from life, findings from previous research, and case studies. As a recommendation, future research should be conducted with a specific focus on analyzing critical thinking and argumentation skill development in the students along longitudinal lines, with the primary aim of observing how the skills change with different teaching methodologies, curriculum structures, and educational interventions.

Deterioration of the Defecation Status after Hospitalization in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes is Associated with Albuminuria Rather than Diabetic Neuropathy.

Objective To determine the clinical background factors of patients with type 2 diabetes who showed deterioration of defecation status after hospitalization. Methods The defecation status of 128 patients with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to our department for diabetes education was evaluated for 7 days after hospitalization. New-onset constipation was diagnosed when patients without constipation before hospitalization met the criteria for constipation after hospitalization. Worsening constipation was diagnosed when patients with constipation required a larger laxative dose than that before hospitalization. New-onset constipation and worsening constipation were defined as the deterioration of defecation status. The major outcome was the incidence of deterioration of defecation status after hospitalization. Results After hospitalization, 23 of 99 patients who had no constipation before hospitalization developed new-onset constipation. Among the 29 patients with constipation before hospitalization, 9 showed worsening constipation. Overall, 52 patients (41% of all subjects) had constipation, and 32 (25% of all subjects) were diagnosed with deterioration in defecation status. In univariate logistic regression analyses, patient age, albuminuria, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, AST, eGFR, HbA1c, and baPWV were significantly associated with deterioration in defecation status. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, albuminuria was the only factor that showed a significant association with the deterioration of defecation status after hospitalization. Conclusion Constipation is highly prevalent among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Paying attention to albuminuria is useful for facilitating an appropriate response to the deterioration of defecation status in patients with type 2 diabetes after hospitalization.

School-based management practices and utilization of special education fund

This study assessed the School-Based Management (SBM) practices and the utilization of Special Education Funds (SEF) within the Department of Education, Quezon Division, focusing on the Tiaong I District in the Philippines. Guided by Musgrave's (1959) theory of public finance and Dalton's (1922) principle of maximum social advantage, the research employed a mixed-method explanatory sequential design. Data were gathered from 232 respondents using purposive sampling, with a validated questionnaire as the primary instrument. Quantitative analysis utilized Kruskal-Wallis to examine significant differences in SEF utilization across respondent profiles, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify challenges. Results revealed no statistically significant differences in SEF utilization across sex, age, educational attainment, or position (p > 0.05). Thematic analysis highlighted challenges such as underutilization in areas like the purchase of books and periodicals. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the Department of Education continue to monitor and optimize the allocation and utilization of SEF to ensure equitable resource distribution across various categories, with particular attention to underutilized areas such as the purchase of books and periodicals. This paper uniquely contributes to the field by providing a detailed examination of SEF utilization at the local level in the Philippines, offering insights into resource allocation consistency and identifying specific demographic needs for improved educational outcomes.

The use of screening, identification, assessment and support policy to support vulnerable learners

South African schools are becoming overwhelmed by the large numbers of learners who experience various vulnerabilities, including socio-economic issues and psychosocial factors. The policy for Screening, Identification, Assessment, and Support (SIAS) serves as a guiding tool to teachers, in providing necessary support to vulnerable learners. This study sought to explore the teachers' views on the implementation of the SIAS policy to support vulnerable learners. The qualitative research approach was employed. The study is interpretive and selected the case study research design. Purposive sampling was employed to sample five secondary schools for participation. Within the five sampled schools, ten teachers, five school-based support team members, and five principals were selected for participation. The sampling criteria was based on participants’ experiences in implementing the SIAS policy. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and document review. The data were analysed thematically. The study revealed misconception of the SIAS policy, the incredibility of school-based support teams, inappropriate learner profiling, lack of comprehensive psychosocial support systems, poor parental involvement, the teachers’ preparedness in contributing towards enabling schooling environments. It is recommended that the Department of Basic Education develop comprehensive policy guidelines to address psychosocial support to vulnerable learners in rural schools, provide sufficient resources to enhance the support measures and devise strategies to continuously assess the efficacy of the support systems. Lastly, the Department of Education should make it a priority to actively engage parents or guardians in the learners’ academic activities.

Examining the experiences of school governing body in handling school funds

This study aimed at examining the experiences of finance committee, the sub-committee of the School Governing Body (SGB) in managing finances in selected schools in the uMkhanyakude District, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Thus, the study’s primary aim was achieved through the identification of hindrances that prevented the finance committee from effectively managing school funds. Moreover, the exploration of strategies to overcome challenges the finance committees faced were also part of the study’s objectives. The study sampled four secondary schools in the uMkhanyakude District as research sites. That is, four principals, four treasurers, and four finance officers were purposefully selected to participate in the study. Data were collected through qualitative semi-structured face-to-face interviews and document analysis and were analysed and interpreted using themes and sub-themes. The study revealed that some finance committee members, especially principals and finance officers, were aware of their roles and responsibilities in the committee; the parents lacked basic literacy skills in managing school funds; the state deposits school finances into the schools’ coffers accounts late, and the state deposits insufficient funds into the schools’ accounts. Therefore, the findings implied that the Department of Education should conduct ongoing training sessions for the finance committee members, especially the parents. Subsequently, professionals with an Accounting degree should perhaps facilitate the training. Moreover, the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Education should deposit adequate funds timeously and in accordance with the inflation rate of the country to avoid recurring debts.

“Indonesia, Rubber, and Modern Techniques: Goodyear’s Conquering the Jungle (1939)”

In the late nineteenth century, rubber became a precious commodity. Many companies were looking for opportunities to satisfy the market demand by investing in rubber plantations established mainly in colonized lands. In 1916, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, headquartered in the US in Akron, Ohio, acquired 20,000 acres in Dolok Merangir, Deli area, East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies (the region is now part of North Sumatra province, Indonesia), by concession of the Dutch East Indies and the local ruler of the Deli Sultanate. In 1929, Goodyear developed another plantation called Wingfoot, south of the original site, which would soon become the largest rubber plantation in the world. Competing with other companies, Goodyear invested in making their plantation prosperous and profitable. They established a rubber laboratory to explore the latest techniques to cultivate the best crop, extract the finest latex, vulcanize top-quality rubber sheets, and efficiently ship the crude material to their main factory in the United States. The corporation shaped local communities and environments to sustain their economic interests in extracting rubber. Goodyear’s initiatives were recorded in Conquering the Jungle, a ten-minute educational ethnographic documentary produced in 1920, and subsequently remade in 1939, as a joint venture between the company’s motion pictures division and the Educational and Industrial departments of Universal Films. The two films document the land’s transformation into an industrial and extractive zone. My paper draws on archival research related to Goodyear’s operations, the Dutch East Indies colony, and modern Indonesia. Through a close comparison of both versions of the film separated by nearly two decades, I explore how the techniques of rubbering, extracting latex, and vulcanizing raw materials transformed a tropical rainforest into a space of profitable extraction for the U.S.-based corporation. In so doing, I trace cinema’s role in the long legacy of reconstructing a tropical forest as a space of extraction that continues to blight Indonesia’s present.