Education System In Romania Research Articles

Stratification and Inequality in the Secondary Education System in Romania

Education is a complex system with implications for educational policy and management. Education systems that are more comprehensive generate more equal outcomes, fostering access to opportunities for all children. On the other hand, systems with early selection and tracking are more stratified and register higher inequalities in educational outcomes. Educational inequalities imply unequal access to education and, subsequently, career opportunities. The present study employs classification techniques, such as decision trees, in order to highlight lines of stratification and inequality in the upper secondary education system in Romania, focusing on the selection of students in general or vocational programs. Our results show that the education of parents and area of residence are factors that influence the stratification of students in the Romanian secondary education system, and the selection process contributes to the reproduction of social inequalities. The conclusions of this study are consistent with the cultural capital theory in education. Policy and strategic management implications are discussed in light of our results.

The Issue of Human Resources Aging in the Education System

In contemporary society, the problem of population aging and, related to it, the problem of human resources aging is raised more and more frequently. As documented by many researchers, it has been found that the aging changes occur at both physiological and psychosocial levels and affect each employee differently. When it comes to the educational environment, the aging of teaching staff represents an increased interest at the moment, especially in Romania, even more so in the context of a possible voluntary increase in the retirement age in education. In the first part of this paper, we will carry out a review of the most relevant academic findings in relation to the challenges that arise with the aging of human resources in general and those in education, in particular. Afterwards, we will present possible openings for future research, such as those on the impact of the proposed voluntary extension of the retirement age in the education system in Romania. We will conclude with a series of practical considerations related to the challenges that the management of human resources in education will likely face under the pressure of the mentioned impact

A Qualitative Exploration of Experiences of Asylum Seekers and People with Refugee Backgrounds in Accessing the Education System in Romania

Refugees and asylum seekers often confront particular challenges when accessing essential services in host countries. The difficulties these vulnerable groups face in meeting educational needs are documented in numerous studies. Although Romania experienced mainly transit migration, it is recently becoming a destination for refugees and irregular migrants. Most people entering the country are young or minors, and access to education is crucial for their economic future and a successful integration process. The present paper primarily explores the challenges and difficulties asylum seekers and people with refugee backgrounds experience in accessing educational services in Romania. It is framed within an interpretive paradigm using qualitative interviews with asylum seekers, people with refugee backgrounds, and NGO representatives to collect data. This exploratory research is designed on thematic analysis: four themes and eight subthemes were identified, capturing participants’ perceptions about the Romanian education system and their barriers to accessing education programs. The findings suggest that access to education for refugees and asylum seekers was restricted primarily by language-related or bureaucratic and legal obstacles. Therefore, efforts should be made to raise awareness among the general population and specialised educational institutions. Additionally, creating more opportunities for interactions between people of different backgrounds can alleviate the persisting inequalities experienced by this vulnerable population.

The Challenges of the Education System in Romania

The Challenges of the Education System in Romania

The Role of The Leader Teacher In The Educational System In Romania

The Role of The Leader Teacher In The Educational System In Romania

COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Children's Education but Opens up a New Learning System in a Romanian Rural Area.

(1) Background: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the educational system in Romania faced major challenges. Online knowledge development was necessary and mandatory during this time; (2) Methods: our study included a group of 140 preadolescents and used a phenomenology qualitative method to investigate if the novel online teaching, implemented in a hurry during the pandemic without any previous teacher training, managed to replace face-to-face teaching; (3) Results: The students have expressed their joy for online courses, as long as they are kept interactive. Even though they feel nervous and worried when it comes to evaluation, the students claim they feel capable to learn all of the learning materials. Most of them are pleased by classes and do not get bored during them, feeling constantly motivated to actively participate in dialogue; (4) Discussions: Despite the lack of teaching-method standardization, our learning providers succeeded in accomplishing their tasks during online courses. Even in remote rural areas, they managed to assure the means for these children to access and take part in online courses; (5) Conclusions: our learning system must offer teachers the possibility to emphasize online education using adequate training programs aiming to develop technical and online pedagogical skills.

An Exploratory Case Study: Risk Filter Applicability to the Digital Strategy of the Education System in Romania. The Light at the End of the COVID-19 Tunnel

By probing into the Strategy regarding the digitalization of education in Romania updated in 2021 by the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research after the COVID-19 and aligned with the latest European Digital Agenda for 2020-2030 published by the European Commission, we are hoping to offer future researchers a set of propositions to continue the inquiry on possible opportunities derived from emerging risks associated with the digitalization. This exploratory case study aims to identify a positive application of the risk filter that is capable to assess not only the range of risks, but also their systematicity, while planning a governmental digital strategy in a critical system like education. We believe that this topic deservers immediate attention, because of the unique opportunity offered by the COVID-19 pandemic, and because a good implementation plan is one of the strongest predictors of a successful strategy. As researchers, our hope is that by understanding the systematicity of risks which could influence the implementation of digital strategy in the education system in Romania, policies and programs can be developed further based on risk analysis and correct prioritization of operational plans. This research was an exploratory case study in which a digital strategy was analysed, and the characteristics of systemic risks have been mapped to the operational plans. It was concluded that the systematic filters identified for the risks could be used for planning the projects, to identify areas of risk exposure during planning and at various stages during the preparation of projects. The final outcome of the case study is that the identification of systemic risks can help with the management of each project and could lay the foundation to a project database.

Teaching Music Education at Primary School in Romania: A Qualitative Analysis on Teachers Training

"A quality education is a major goal of each country because it is a predictor of the success of future societies. When it comes to quality education, initial teacher training should be a landmark of the universities that prepare the future teachers. Music education can contribute to the development of quality education from a young age of children, needing, therefore, well trained teachers to perform it. Exposing children to quality music education in primary school does not restrict to the class hours. It might cover different learning situations, as music can accompany most of the teaching hours, in an integrative manner, and music activities, as chorus, can contribute to developing key competences of kids, ranging from the esthetic and cultural ones, till the social or cognitive ones. The article aims to highlight the importance of training musical skills that the teaching staff who teaches music education at primary school in the national education system in Romania must have. Expert oppinions are echoed in the article, drawn from 19 semistructured interviews carried out in May-June 2021. The diagnosis and proposals of academics training the respective teachers, of experienced practitioners guiding and evaluating teachers in schools, point towards possible revision of curriculum in initial teacher education, to ensure better trained professionals to teaching music in primary education. Keywords: Musical skills, initial teacher education, teachers, primary school. "

Research on the Interconnections between Human Capital and the Education System in Romania

The progress of a society depends on and can only be sustained through permanent education, which implies the acquisition of new knowledge, and in this way human capital can be exploited to the maximum. Through education, any individual acquires the ability to develop his potential, and in order to do this, he must undertake a process of education through which he accumulates knowledge and skills, harmoniously develops his personality, as well as shapes his character. Through education and culture, creativity, adaptability, but also other necessary qualities are developed, and as the finality of education, insertion and social integration are of particular importance for any graduate, contributing to his fulfilment from several points of view, material, spiritual, moral. The article analyses the participation in education of the Romanian population, the evolution of the teaching staff and the general expenses for education in the period 2010-2021

Factors Influencing Public Higher Education Institutions’ Performance Reporting in the Romanian Context

Our study aims to facilitate a deeper understanding of the factors influencing performance reporting in the specific context of the hybrid higher education system in Romania, a former communist country in Eastern Europe with little experience in managing the notion of public sector performance. Performance reporting impacts higher education institutions’ development. The study’s approach offers opportunities to understand the main factors that influence and are influenced by mandatory elements stipulated in the specific norms in the public-university domain. Institutional and operant theories explain and sustain multilevel (institutional, organizational, and individual) performance-reporting analysis. In terms of research design, the theoretical exploration led us to formulate hypotheses while empirical data were collected from 23 Romanian public universities, ensuring the results’ reliability. The results indicate that the performance-reporting concept and practical demand in public universities depend on both exogenous causes (isomorphic pressures) and endogenous factors (different behaviors of organizations and individual performers). The performance reporting of Romanian public higher education institutions enriches the scientific literature and the practical sphere by offering comprehension of a European country’s evolution with roots in a communist system, having a lot of specific approaches, as a base for comparison with similar Eastern European entities or experienced countries.

Higher Education Institution beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic—Evidence from Romania

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the education system in Romania. The major objective of this study was to identify the challenges in higher education institutions beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study is based on a questionnaire-type analysis with 388 respondents (students from different universities). Using the SEM-PLS method, we designed a conceptual model, which is based on seven latent variables: a resilient education system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (SER); teacher–student, student–teacher, and student–institution communication (PS); logistical assistance from the educational institution (AL); adaptation according to knowledge-economy requirements (EC); online teaching–learning in higher education (API); a hybrid education model (EH); and digital skills and the integration of digital technology in institutions (ITE). We formulated seven hypotheses in order to test the strength of the correlation between the latent variables. Our research highlights a significant correlation between logistical assistance from the educational institution (LA) and teacher–student, student–teacher, and student–institution (PS) communication. Moreover, logistical assistance from the educational institution (LA) has a significant effect on the teaching–learning activity.

ROMANYA EĞİTİM SİSTEMİ BAĞLAMINDA BÖLGEDEKİ TÜRK AZINLIĞIN ANA DİLİ EĞİTİMİ DURUMU

With this study, it is aimed to clarify the situation of mother tongue education of the Turkish minority in the region in the context of the Romanian education system. In this direction, the education system of Romania within the framework of mother tongue rights has been described in general terms and the legal and practical status of the mother tongue education of the Turkish minority in the country has been clarified. The research shows the characteristics of a descriptive research model as it examines and evaluates the mother tongue education status of the Turkish minority in the country through various scientific researches and official documents in accordance with the determined purpose. In this context, qualitative analysis methods and techniques were used in the process of producing new information from research findings and results by analyzing the relevant studies conducted by various scientists on the subject and official documents and documents. As a result of the research, it has been found that there was no problem experienced in Turkish education during the period of the Ottoman Empire and the Romanian Kingdom established in Romania after the Ottoman period, and that there were great difficulties for schools that provide Turkish education since the Communist regime took over the administration in the country. Thanks to the democratization period that started with the regime change in Romania in 1989 and the European Convention on Minority Languages signed during the accession period to the European Union it has been concluded that significant improvements and privileges have been achieved in terms of minorities using their mother tongue and being able to receive education in these languages, but there is still a need for some projects and activities to encourage the people of the region to learn Turkish. Keywords:Romanian education system, Turkish education, language rights.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAMWORK WHENDEALING WITH CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDSIN ROMANIA

Inclusive education of children in Romania and around the world is a priority. Governments are beginning to realize that a person with special integrated, independent educational needs reduces the costs that the whole nation would incur. I have witnessed the disappointment of the parents of children with SEN, and implicitly of these children, when it comes to the integrated educational system in Romania, a system that is not prepared to really help their children, on the contrary, it aggravates their deficiency. The difficult requirements of all the school programs, the overloaded curriculum, the large number of children enrolled in a class, very few specialists to support children, and teachers who feel helpless when facing so many requests.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAMWORK WHENDEALING WITH CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDSIN ROMANIA

Inclusive education of children in Romania and around the world is a priority. Governments are beginning to realize that a person with special integrated, independent educational needs reduces the costs that the whole nation would incur. I have witnessed the disappointment of the parents of children with SEN, and implicitly of these children, when it comes to the integrated educational system in Romania, a system that is not prepared to really help their children, on the contrary, it aggravates their deficiency. The difficult requirements of all the school programs, the overloaded curriculum, the large number of children enrolled in a class, very few specialists to support children, and teachers who feel helpless when facing so many requests.

A new academic management vision for the University of Petrosani

We face a period of profound changes in our society, changes that will have effects on education. Today, universities abroad focus on practical things, while in Romania the basis remains the theory. The West European or American higher education institution (HEI) emphasize on dual specializations, internships, business partnerships, and encourage creativity. Abroad, students can get substantial scholarships or have the guarantee of a well-paid job after graduation. In this context, can we give a new face and adapt the higher education system in Romania, in particular in the case of the University of Petrosani, by implementing the hybrid education and developing new applied specializations in collaboration with business partners? We will try to give the answer to this question in this paper.

Pupils With Intellectual Disabilities and Service to Education. The Specifics of Special Education System in Romania

Disability is the umbrella concept resulting from the interaction between impairments and attitudinal and environmental barriers that prevent a person’s full and effective participation in the society. Intellectual disability belongs to the general aspect of disability, being a disorder with onset in the child’s developmental period. It includes deficits in intellectual and adaptative functioning in the conceptual, social, and practical areas. Children with intellectual disabilities constitute one of the most vulnerable population groups in any society, facing barriers to participation in society and being at increased risk for a wide range of associated problems. Their education is both a priority and a concern for societies, and it is often marked by challenges in terms of inclusion in the appropriate form of education.

FORMATIVE STRATEGIES FOR EVALUATING LANGUAGE COMPETENCES IN HIGHER EDUCATION BUSINESS PROGRAMMES

Evaluation does not represent an objective per se, but the strategies adopted in this process may take the teaching/learning process in different directions, according to the students’ language needs and to the competences that should be developed. The phenomenon is a complex one, sometimes comprising errors, which, nevertheless, contribute to progress, it gives precise clues and helps in identifying the positives and negatives in foreign language learning. The higher education system in Romania is adjusted to the quantitative and qualitative exigency of the European administration, with evaluation always accompanying the learning process, having both diagnostic and prognostic characteristics. The evaluation strategy predicts the most appropriate methodical path which ensures efficiency in approaching specific teaching and learning situations

Implications of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Romanian Secondary Education Students, over the Romanian Business Market Development

The study investigates the Romanian entrepreneurial education training program emphasizing the secondary education student entrepreneurial intents included in technical and professional Vocational Education Training (VET) programs, in order to identify its role in increasing student intention in the process of choosing a career as an entrepreneur among graduates of the vocational and technical Romanian education system. The study research methodology was based on the interpretation of two questionnaires consisting of 23 questions, which were applied to a population of 253 and 159 respondents. The survey period was conducted between 2019 and 2020. The respondents were students from the vocational and technical education system in Romania, mostly from the Central Region of Romania, but the results of the study could be extended to the entire Romanian education system. The data were processed using SPSS software, and the results of the study revealed direct, positive, and significant links between psychological and behavioral traits and entrepreneurial intentions of the student surveyed, moderated by the entrepreneurial education acquired through the school curriculum. These results could also be the basis for developing future policies and programs to encourage entrepreneurial behavior, especially for secondary education students from the Romanian education system, specifically on pre-university education.

European Strategies and Objectives Specific to Educational Management

In the past education was a mechanism by which the privileged social classes maintained their power by limiting everyone's access to the transmission and acquisition of knowledge. Fortunately, the evolution of society as a whole has made education nowadays to be seen as one of the fundamental human rights, in terms of the effect it can produce at the level of each individual and due to the recognized benefits it brings to the social level. Education is a public good and a public responsibility, thus the policies and strategies of quality assurance in the national education system in Romania being permanently correlated with the orientations and actions promoted at European and world level.

The Assessment of Risk Management and the Main Characteristics of a Proactive Educational System in Romania

The Assessment of Risk Management and the Main Characteristics of a Proactive Educational System in Romania