Education Stakeholders Research Articles

Co-producing AIED Ethics Under Lockdown: an Empirical Study of Deliberative Democracy in Action

It is widely documented that higher education institutional responses to the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated not only the adoption of educational technologies, but also associated socio-technical controversies. Critically, while these cloud-based platforms are capturing huge datasets, and generating new kinds of learning analytics, there are few strongly theorised, empirically validated processes for institutions to consult their communities about the ethics of this data-intensive, increasingly algorithmically-powered infrastructure. Conceptual and empirical contributions to this challenge are made in this paper, as we focus on the under-theorised and under-investigated phase required for ethics implementation, namely, joint agreement on ethical principles. We foreground the potential of ethical co-production through Deliberative Democracy (DD), which emerged in response to the crisis in confidence in how typical democratic systems engage citizens in decision making. This is tested empirically in the context of a university-wide DD consultation, conducted under pandemic lockdown conditions, co-producing a set of ethical principles to govern Analytics/AI-enabled Educational Technology (AAI-EdTech). Evaluation of this process takes the form of interviews conducted with students, educators, and leaders. Findings highlight that this methodology facilitated a unique and structured co-production process, enabling a range of higher education stakeholders to integrate their situated knowledge through dialogue. The DD process and product cultivated commitment and trust among the participants, informing a new university AI governance policy. The concluding discussion reflects on DD as an exemplar of ethical co-production, identifying new research avenues to advance this work. To our knowledge, this is the first application of DD for AI ethics, as is its use as an organisational sensemaking process in education.

Leadership in Indonesian Islamic Schools: How Leader Spiritual and Motivational Styles Affect Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employees' Religiosity

The history of Islamic education in Indonesia has experienced fluctuations over time. Until the late 1970s, the education system in Indonesia retained a strong dichotomous pattern. With the onset of reforms in the 1980s, the Muslim community began to reform its education system, which impacted the development of Islamic education in Indonesia. This is evident from the significant growth of integrated Islamic educational institutions across various levels in major cities in Indonesia. Of course, enhancing the quality of the educational process must accompany this increase. Teachers and staff play a crucial role in maintaining the quality of the educational process in schools. This research examines whether a school principal's spiritual leadership style and motivational style influence the organizational citizenship behavior among teachers and staff in Islamic schools in Bengkulu City. A proportional random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 100 respondents from these institutions, consisting of teachers and staff. Participants were asked to complete a Likert scale survey administered through Google Forms. Subsequently, the obtained data underwent multiple linear regression analysis. This research identifies the correlation between Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), adherence to spiritual principles, and workplace motivation. This research aims to enhance the understanding of education stakeholders, particularly in Islamic education, by highlighting the potential positive relationship between religious devotion and increased motivation among instructors and personnel in these institutions.

Human‐Centred Learning Analytics: 2019–24

AbstractHuman‐Centred Learning Analytics (HCLA) has emerged in the last 5 years as an active sub‐topic within Learning Analytics, drawing primarily on the theories and methods of Human‐Computer Interaction (HCI). HCLA researchers and practitioners are adopting and adapting HCI theories/methods to meet the challenge of meaningfully engaging educational stakeholders in the LA design process, evaluating systems in use and researching the sociotechnical factors influencing LA successes and failures. This editorial introduces the contributions of the papers in this special section, reflects more broadly on the field's emergence over the last five years, considers known gaps and indicates new opportunities that may open in the next five years.

Understanding student perceptions and motivations in non-traditional online degree completion programs: An exploratory case study

Student enrolment in higher education is increasing, as are enrolments in non-traditional pathways, such as degree completion programs, particularly those that are offered online. These changes have shifted the nature of student learning needs and perceptions. Therefore, stakeholders in higher education need a greater understanding of the drivers and obstacles to degree completion from the student point of view, especially in online degree completion programs. Beyond overall and subgroup insights into online degree seeking motivations and other factors, our findings revealed that (1) there is a mismatch between student goals and perceived employer needs, (2) many students expected modest financial gains upon completion, and (3) the primary barrier of continuing higher education was balancing education and life responsibilities. The findings are useful for administrators, faculty, and other stakeholders involved in the recruitment of online degree completion program students and the design of online courses and curricula for this audience.

Identifying the Best Model for Implementing Technology-Based Education in Indonesian Schools

This research aims to identify optimal models that can be implemented effectively in Indonesian schools using technology-based education. The approach used in this research is literature study analysis, using literature study research methods to collect and summarize related literature from various sources such as journals, books, research reports, and theses. An in-depth evaluation of the literature reviewed shows that each model, such as Blended Learning, Flipped Classroom, Learning Management Systems, Game Based Learning, Video-Based Learning, Open Educational Resources – OER, STEM Model, Social Media in Learning, and Mobile Learning (m-learning), has specific advantages and disadvantages. The results of this research identify optimal models to be implemented in the context of technology-based education in Indonesian schools but also provide a basis for improvement and concrete recommendations for further research and implementation. The implications of these research findings are significant, providing valuable guidance for educational stakeholders, teachers, and researchers. The resulting conclusions can also be a basis for policymakers to design more effective technology-based education strategies in Indonesia. Thus, this research has the potential to inspire positive changes in curriculum development and technology education in schools while supporting efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia.

Mapping the research landscape of vocational education and entrepreneurship: insights and future directions

PurposeVocational education and entrepreneurship are constantly increasing in research fields. However, what is the current state of vocational education and entrepreneurial research? Where will the area go next? These questions are still unanswered; thus, this study tries to map the research landscape of the study area to get insights and provide directions for future research.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected extant literature on vocational education and entrepreneurship using Scopus scientific database. Bibliometric analysis has been performed to extract insights from 175 documents published in the study area. Content analysis on the extant literature has also been committed to getting contextual information and developing an integrated research framework for future researchers.FindingsThe bibliometric analysis revealed that training, career choice, curriculum, self-employment, student psychology, better job opportunity, learning environment and innovation are the most discussed in the vocational education and entrepreneurship literature. Developed nation’s strong presence, indicated by the number of publications in the field.Originality/valueThis study significantly contributes to entrepreneurship by disclosing advances in the literature and some of the most active research fronts in this sector, delivering insights that have yet to be wholly appreciated or appraised. The study also developed an integrated framework that could benefit various vocations, education and entrepreneurship stakeholders.

Chronicling the Experiences of Mathematics Learners and Teachers on the Usage of Guided Discovery Learning (GDL) in Enhancing Learners’ Academic Performance

South Africa has been battling with the poor performance of learners in Mathematics for a long time, with the Eastern Cape province being the worst-performing province. The Department of Education and other educational stakeholders have embarked on a journey of searching for solutions. Some of these include attitude toward Mathematics, a lack of foundation in Mathematics, and the use of teacher-centered methods to teach Mathematics, to mention a few. Hence, this present study investigated how the guided discovery learning strategy can be used to enhance the performance of Grade 10 learners in Amathole West district, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Underpinned by an interpretive paradigm and qualitative research approach, the study employed participatory action research. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 19 Grade 10 Mathematics learners and 2 Mathematics teachers at a rural school in Eastern Cape Province. Data were collected using interviews, observations, and document reviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Research findings revealed that while some factors such as evaluation methods, time limitations, and insufficient motivation may impede the optimal implementation of Guided Discovery Learning, this instructional strategy is beneficial in the cultivation of critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which in turn enhances mathematics learners’ academic performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that mathematics teachers should promote the utilisation of technology and multimedia resources to support learners in their visualisation and exploration of mathematical concepts in the use of GDL to enhance mathematics learners’ performance.

Digital learning in childhood: Possibilities for pedagogical transformation in South Africa

Background: Digital technology (DT) has already changed history, and it is transforming childhood as more and more children go online around the world.Aim: The aim of this article was to critically explore the potential of young children’s digital learning (DL), while concurrently assessing the constraints.Setting: Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) stakeholders’ environments formed the setting for this study.Methods: The critical theory of technology emphasizes the need for increased democratic involvement in technical decisions. It also explores the impact of theories on technology users, affecting design, usage, and, consequently, outcomes. This study adopted an interpretative phenomenological approach to discover 10 South African ECCE stakeholders’ experiences of DL with young children.Results: Firstly, findings presented the affordances of DT. Secondly, the threats of connectivity, socio-economic factors, and the availability of inappropriate content were emphasised. Thirdly, there are risks and fears associated with DL, especially with young children. Lastly, the possibilities of DL, where pedagogical transformation can take place, were interrogated.Conclusion: In the ever-evolving world of DT, the pursuit of improved educational outcomes for young children remains a paramount concern. Proven practices that improve children’s learning through DT and effect change at a systemic level should be further interrogated.Contribution: This research contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding DT in early childhood education by offering a critical examination of its challenges and opportunities. It provides insights for educators, policymakers and researchers on enhancing DL experiences for young children while considering the associated risks and benefits.

MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN METODE JARILIPAN

The implementation of this community service activity aimed to improve elementary school students' numeracy skills by using the Jarilipan method. This activity was carried out at SDN 010246 Banjar with target of 20 students. The Jarilipan method is applied as an innovative learning approach that integrates visual, interactive and game elements to enrich students' learning experiences in understanding mathematical concepts, especially counting operations. The activity implementation method consisted of 3 stages, namely the preparation, implementation and evaluation stages. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in students' numeracy skills after implementing the Jarilipan method. This makes a positive contribution to elementary school students' understanding and numeracy skills. Therefore, the Jarilipan method is an effective and interesting alternative in learning mathematics at the elementary level. It is hoped that the implications of this research will be a guide for teachers and education stakeholders in developing innovative learning strategies to improve student learning outcomes.

Factors Influencing the Attitude of Students Towards the Study of Mathematics among Secondary Schools in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria

Students’ attitude towards mathematics has been a factor that is known to influence students’ achievement in mathematics. This paper explored factors influencing the attitude of students towards the study of mathematics in Nigeria. This study used a descriptive survey design. A simple random sampling technique was further applied to obtain Mathematics teachers, junior and senior staff, and principals targeted in this research, equal to 273 staff. The study sampled 162 respondents. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis through the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The findings indicated that the teaching approach in teaching Mathematics was more correlated with students ‘attitudes in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State (r = 0.738; p= 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the problem-solving method contributed to 57.2% of the variation in the performance, hence playing a vital role in students ‘attitudes towards Mathematics subjects in public secondary schools. It was also inferred that the teaching approach increases positive attitudes toward learning Mathematics subject. The study recommended that the maximum effort should be given to improve the students‟ attitude toward mathematics by organizing forums such as seminars and workshops where teachers and other education stakeholders can support, motivate, and cultivate positive attitudes among their students.

Impact of Home Environment on Spiritual Intelligence of Primary School Students in Bhutan

This study investigates the impact of the home environment on the spiritual intelligence (SQ) of primary school students in Bhutan. Spiritual intelligence, denoted as SQ, provides a framework for deriving meaning from life's experiences, prompting individuals to view their goals and objectives as a continuous journey rather than a final destination. The home environment, encompassing dimensions such as physical, emotional, social, cultural, intellectual, moral, and nutritional aspects, plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's overall development. Each dimension contributes to the upbringing, influencing behavior, beliefs, and life perspectives. The research holds significance by offering valuable insights for primary education stakeholders and presenting practical strategies to enhance both academic and spiritual growth. The study aims to explore spiritual intelligence and the home environment, examine gender-based variations in spiritual intelligence and the home environment, and analyze the relationship between spiritual intelligence and the home environment among primary school students. Employing a descriptive survey method, the research is conducted among primary school students in Bhutan, utilizing a purposive sampling technique to select a diverse sample of 200 participants based on grade level (V and VI) and gender. Data collection involves a scale developed according to Dhar and Upinder (1971), various dimensions of spiritual intelligence were assessed by Dr. Santosh Dhar and Dr. Upinder Dhar (1971) assessing various dimensions of spiritual intelligence, and Dr. Karuna Shankar Misra's Home Environment Scale (HES), a comprehensive tool featuring 100 items designed to evaluate different aspects of the home environment. The conclusions underscore the intricate relationship between the home environment, spiritual intelligence, and gender dynamics among primary school students, providing valuable insights for educators, parents, and policymakers. Future research and interventions may delve into specific elements within the home environment contributing to spiritual intelligence, and explore the influence of gender on these dynamics.

A Study on Developmental Strategies for Improving the Quality of Secondary Special Education for Students with Disabilities

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, addressing the multifaceted learning needs of students with special needs has become increasingly pivotal. This study aims to explore and enhance the quality of secondary special education, adapting to new educational methodologies in tandem with technological advancements while fostering the development of teachers and educational stakeholders. To identify the key areas necessitating development in secondary special education, interviews were conducted with special education teachers. These interviews informed the creation of a questionnaire, which was subsequently disseminated through a Google survey to special education teachers in various special schools and classes nationwide. The survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics to gain comprehensive insights. This study's findings integrate the perspectives from the interviews and survey data, leading to the formulation of strategies for the advancement of secondary special education. The analysis categorized the developmental needs into four primary domains: teacher development, curriculum enhancement, school infrastructure, and external factors related to the school environment. The paper concludes with a discussion that synthesizes these findings, offering a pathway for future improvements in the quality of secondary special education, and highlighting the importance of adapting to the changing educational landscape in the era of technological progress.

From Education for a Sustainable Development to Ecological Civilization in China: A Just Transition?

This article uses just transition to understand the education for sustainable development (ESD) transition in China. The latter has shifted from an internationally recognized response to support sustainable development to an “ecological civilization,” that is, a policy agenda combining domestic environmental and political interests. Using a climate justice framework, this article interprets the ESD transition on three levels: stakeholder engagement, education scope, and environmental governance. The findings reveal that (a) the concept of ecological civilization is heavily political, (b) its scope is limited to environmental sustainability, and (c) stakeholders from the education sector who participated in the new agenda as policy recipients are underrepresented in decision‐making processes. Most importantly, despite the heavy political endorsement of the agenda, many previous challenges associated with ESD, such as lack of policy support, inadequate professional training, and exam pressures, continue at the institutional level. This article recommends establishing an overarching ESD or ecological civilization framework in the education sector to sustain the growing attention given to ecological civilization in the Chinese education sector and calls for further research on the roles of education in just transition in the global context.

Innovation of Educational Curriculum in Salafiyah Islamic Boarding Schools

This article is presented to describe the innovation of developing Islamic education curriculum at Riyadlul Mubtadiin Islamic Boarding School. which includes: development of learning approaches, learning systems, learning methods, the process of involving educational stakeholders. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, with a historical-instructionalist approach, with an approach able to see every side of development in the perspective of the History of Islamic learning. The result of this paper is the modernization of Islamic education at the Riyadlul Mubtadiin Islamic Boarding School including the development of a learning curriculum from pure salaf to semi-salaf. The learning methods taught are very varied, different from before. There is an evaluation of the program carried out both quarterly and every six months. Evalausion includes: Spective, Cognitive and Psychomotor. As well as the involvement of stakeholders, especially alumni, in determining the policy direction of institutional development.

The reality of e-Learning: Success and failure of learning management system

A learning management system (LMS) is a digital learning platform for developing, delivering, and managing courses, learning resources, activities, and assessments (to name but a few). Traditional classroom-based, online, blended, and distance learning are all possible learning methods that could be executed in LMSs. Learning management systems and associated tools have brought significant benefits to higher education institutions worldwide, including improved content deliverability, accessibility, and retrievability. This is also valid in the case of Kathmandu University School of Education (KUSOED), Nepal. In 2011, KUSOED launched LMS and continued online and blended learning practices. The LMS follows a social constructivist approach to education, allowing educational stakeholders (parents, students, leaders, facilitators) to engage in learning activities to scaffold the learning experiences. However, the perception of LMS as only a management system for storing data limits the implications of fostering learning through a technology-integrated education model. This article aims to discuss the success and failure aspects of LMS in the context of the KUSOED. The discussion will cover various perspectives on LMS as an emerging learning technology and draw conclusions based on our experiences at KUSOED. For the success aspects of LMS, we discovered four factors: sign-in, resources and learning management, content management, and integration. Nevertheless, for the failure aspects, we found content creation and sharing, communicative features, course structures, learning engagement, and assessment. Overall, this research has implications for educational institutions, instructors, developers, and system providers. These stakeholders can make more informed decisions about implementing and using these systems to their fullest potential in learning.

Pedagogical innovation and curricular adaptation in enhancing digital literacy: A local wisdom approach for sustainable development in Indonesia context

This research investigates the relationship between Pedagogical Innovation (PED), Curricular Adaptation (CUR), Local Wisdom Approach (LWA), and Digital Literacy (DIGLI) in Early Childhood Education, aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), promoting quality education (SDG 4), fostering cultural inclusion, and advocating for sustainable partnerships to address limitations and enhance global understanding in Banten, Indonesia. Employing a quantitative method, a sample of 220 participants, including teachers, parents, and education stakeholders, was surveyed from July to August 2023. The main findings reveal significant impacts of PED and CUR on both the LWA and DIGLI. Moreover, the LWA mediates the relationships between PED and DIGLI, as well as CUR and DIGLI. Implications of this research highlight the pivotal role of integrating cultural values for optimizing the effects of innovative teaching methods and adaptive curricula on the development of digital literacy skills among young learners. Limitations include the study's geographical specificity to Banten, potential response bias in the self-report survey, and the cross-sectional design limiting temporal insights. Future prospects involve expanding the study's geographical scope, incorporating qualitative methodologies, and conducting longitudinal analyses to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics in Early Childhood Education.

University students dataset related to achievement, classroom practices, perceptions and attitudes of multimedia-based learning quantum physics.

This dataset presents data collected to assess teaching and learning of quantum physics at the University of Rwanda - College of Education (UR-CE), Rwanda. Data were collected between August and November 2019 as the baseline, and between January and April 2022 under a quasi-experimental design. Three sets of data were collected. The first set was about students' performance and conceptual understanding collected before and after teaching intervention (lecture method or multimedia-aided approach) using mainly Quantum Physics Conceptual Survey (QPCS). The second set documented classroom practices during teaching and learning using the Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS). The last set is comprised of the data related to lecturers' and students' perceptions before teaching and learning quantum physics and students' attitudes after learning Quantum physics. The Quantum Physics Attitude Test (QPAT) was mainly used to collect these data. The dataset is important to education stakeholders because university managers can visualize the status of teaching and learning outcomes, lecturers can reflect on the study, and researchers can use the data to analyze various independent variables.

Functionality and Deployment of Structures to Effect Balanced School Leadership: Narratives of School Principals

This study set out to map the changing dynamics of school leadership in South Africa and the enormous challenges that go with it. The article explored the democratisation of schools since the advent of democracy in 1994 and how school principals are handling the devolution of powers as accounting officers. It further mapped out a few key themes on the structures available in schools meant to affect the changed policy framework in South African school leadership. Furthermore, it argued that different expectations are piled on school leadership and that the new policy framework has largely transformed the school principal’s work. Scholars warn that there is an unanticipated and largely unacknowledged consequence of this. It is so complex that it may have contradictory effects that impede rather than assist school improvement in South Africa. The study followed a qualitative approach, with a case study design, where the narratives of four purposively selected principals from two provinces of the Republic of South Africa, the Free State, and Gauteng, were compiled. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and document analysis over three months. The findings from the four case studies reflect a reigning confusion in schools regarding the deployment of structures. Furthermore, the findings showed a degree of misalignment of structures and their functionality. The study recommended reviewing the policy and the realignment of structures, focusing on their functions and demarcation of roles. This study draws the attention of education stakeholders to the importance of support and capacity building for school principals.The findings and recommendations of this study will impact scholarship in various ways that will in turn benefit school leadership across the globe. Keywords: Leadership, Management, Principal-ship, Structures, Instructional Leadership.

Bridging the Educational Gap: Guidelines for Thai Non-Credentialed Teachers' Learning Management

The assignment of non-credentialed teachers to subjects outside their formal qualifications remains a significant challenge in educational contexts worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the specific issues faced by non-credentialed teachers and to provide comprehensive guidelines for their professional development. The study was designed in a survey approach emphrasizing the method of need analysis. Data were gathered from 268 stakeholders within the Thai educational system through a combination of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal a range of challenges experienced by non-credentialed teachers, shedding light on both content and pedagogical aspects of teaching. To address these challenges, this study offers a set of actionable guidelines encompassing administrative support, teacher development, and the establishment of professional learning communities. These recommendations aim to bridge the gap and ensure that non-credentialed teachers can effectively deliver quality education to students, even in subjects outside their formal qualifications. This research provides valuable insights for educational stakeholders and policymakers seeking to enhance the quality of teaching and learning in similar contexts worldwide.

The Influence of School Heads’ Motivation Strategies on Teachers’ Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania

This study investigated the influence of school heads’ motivation strategies on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania. Objectives were to; assess the status of teachers’ performance in public secondary schools and determine the influence of school heads’ motivation strategies on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Arusha Region. Motivation management and Walberg’s achievement theories guided the study. Mixed methods approach and concurrent triangulation research design were adopted. Questionnaires and an interview guide were used to collect data from 88 teachers and 8 school heads. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select teachers while school heads were purposively sampled. Validity was established through expert judgment. The reliability index, TQ; r=0.78for questionnaire was obtained using Split Half method. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentially using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Analysis in the SPSS version 23. Results were presented in tables. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed alongside research questions and presented in narrative forms. Findings established that many teachers were not able to cover syllabus in time which occasioned low CSEE performance, partly attributed to inadequate motivation strategies adopted by school heads. In conclusion, any form of motivation plays an important role in improving teachers’ timely syllabus coverage and improved students’ academic performance. The study recommends that school heads should create new strategies for motivating teaching staff to boost their morale. Education stakeholders should provide funds to provide conducive working environment through comfortable accommodation, accessible healthcare services and security.