Teaching Process In Schools Research Articles

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОСТОРУ НОВОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ШКОЛИ: ДИДАКТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article analyses the issue of the organisation of the educational space of the New Ukrainian School. The author focuses on the possibilities of the impact of the educational space of primary school on the quality and effectiveness of the learning process of primary school students. The educational space is considered a certain part of society, which creates the conditions for personal development and the opportunity to form the personal space of the subject of the educational process, and the educational environment – as a set of natural, physical, and social objects and subjects that influence the formation of the student, to his\her creative, professional and personal development, ensure the conditions for comfortable activity of an education applicant. The main requirements for the educational environment of a modern primary school are defined as safety, psychological comfort, barrier-free access, aesthetics, and functionality. The author argues that in the context of the implementation of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School, the educational space is undergoing a number of transformations due to the introduction of a competence-based approach to the organization of the primary school education process, the requirements for the development of XXI century skills in students; re-emphasis on innovative technologies and forms of work with students, the processes of informatisation of the education system, and the implementation of activity-based and personality-oriented approaches. The educational space is undergoing a series of transformations, and updating of spatial and material equipment requires a thoughtful arrangement of the classroom. The leading role in organizing the educational space of the New Ukrainian School is performed by a teacher, involving primary school students in this process whenever possible. The paper analyses the purpose and features of the organization of learning units and learning centres (reading and writing centres, natural sciences, and art centres) in the classroom, substantiating the optimal ways of their functioning in the process of teaching primary school students. The current study proves that the educational space of the New Ukrainian School significantly affects the effectiveness of the learning process and the implementation of didactic tasks of primary education.

Actualization of Civic Literacy in the Learning of Citizenship in High School

Citizenship literacy is an essential thing in shaping the character of students. The low literacy of students regarding civic literacy will have a significant impact and cause various national problems. This study aims to determine the actualization of civic literacy in the learning process of citizenship education in schools. Qualitative research methods with a case study approach. Data collection techniques with observational interviews, notes, and documentation as the primary source of information. The research was conducted at SMA N 1 Babatan, Ponorogo, Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the actualization of civic literacy in learning citizenship education is carried out through several learning approaches, including 1) the learning model is applied to support the student's understanding process through citizen project activities. 2) Students are asked to discuss citizenship issues with the problem-solving system, then students are asked to write them down in the form of a resume. 3) democratic practice activities in the form of selecting student council presidents as a means of learning citizenship. 4) literacy program 20 minutes before learning. Before entering class, students read books for one hour, be it learning packages, novels, term papers, etc. 5) giving assignments regarding civic insight. This research contributes to improving the quality of civics learning and providing motivation.

Russian High School Teachers in the Face of Ongoing Technological Change: Heading Towards a new Luddism?

In many countries, including Russia, the COVID-19 epidemic became a catalyst for the technological, “digital” renewal of the school educational process. This renewal occurred rapidly and, in some respects, chaotically, therefore it was described in literature using a special term — “emergency teaching”. Teachers resisting change is sometimes seen as the main reason for the stability and conservatism of schools, as well as for the failed attempts to introduce innovations. Drawing a parallel between modern teachers and Luddites, it is important to assess not only resistance to technological change, but also the social consequences of these changes for the school and for teachers. This article is based on the materials of a long-term observation of Russian school teachers, implemented using qualitative research logic during the time of the most active spread of COVID in 2020–2022. The study revealed the difficulties that teachers face in integrating digital practices into the emergency educational process, as well as their fears related to prospects of a crisis in the profession of teaching. One component of this looming crisis is the expansion of external formal control, as well as the teachers themselves losing control, with the prospect (and fear) of losing autonomy and the teaching profession losing its creative element.

The Role of the Teacher as a Facilitator in the Islamic Religious Education Learning Process

This paper discusses the role of teachers as facilitators in the learning process of Islamic religious education in state elementary schools. The main problem is what the reality is in the Islamic religious education learning process at Public Elementary School 91 Pammana. What are the factors that hinder the teacher's role as a facilitator in the Islamic Religious Education learning process, and what is the teacher's role as a facilitator in the Islamic Religious Education learning process? The author uses a qualitative descriptive research method in the form of written words from previously determined people. Meanwhile, for data collection, namely field research, the authors conducted interviews with school principals, Islamic religious education teachers, and students. The reality discovered by researchers in the field, namely the reality that occurred in the Islamic Religious Education learning process at Public Elementary School 91 Pammana in Wajo Regency in the pre-Covid-19 period when face-to-face learning was still implemented for lower grades, such as grades II and III, teachers Sometimes it still dominates learning, or it could be said that learning is still teacher-centered. For high classes, such as classes IV and V, the teacher has acted as a facilitator. During the COVID-19 pandemic, learning is done online or from home. Factors inhibiting the role of teachers as facilitators in the Islamic Religious Education learning process at Public Elementary School 91 Pammana in Wajo Regency: there are two inhibiting factors, including internal factors, in the form of the teacher's old habits in teaching. Meanwhile, external factors include the lack of supporting facilities owned by the school. The teacher's role as a facilitator in the learning process has been implemented, but it is not perfect.

Eğitim Yönetimi Sürecinde Eğitim Teknolojilerinin Gelişiminin İncelenmesi

This study aims to examine the development of educational technologies in the educational management process. When education is done institutionally as formal education in schools or randomly as informal education in the entire environment in which an individual lives, it covers only the creation of behavioral changes of the desired nature, that is, valid learning. If it does not provide learning, it is possible to create valid learning environments. Since teaching is the activity of providing learning, education provides valid learning, and this situation is realized through teaching. In general, in teaching; The concepts of method, activity, technology and strategy are related to each other, but they are different concepts. All these concepts aim to make learning and teaching the most efficient within the framework of educational technologies. Today, the increasing demands and needs of learning societies are causing studies to be carried out in order to increase the efficiency of the learning and teaching process in schools. This development enables schools to become more efficient in education by applying educational technologies in learning and teaching environments in the context of educational technologies in all countries. Studies are being carried out in the direction of using educational technologies to be used in educational environments and effective equipment, tools and equipment in this direction. Education and technology are two basic elements that play an important role in making human life more efficient. Both elements have been the two main tools that man has used in his efforts to dominate his natural and social environment within the framework of development within the historical process. Key Words: Educational Management, Educational Technologies, Development Process

Eğitim Yönetimi Sürecinde Eğitim Teknolojilerinin Gelişiminin İncelenmesi

This study aims to examine the development of educational technologies in the educational management process. When education is done institutionally as formal education in schools or randomly as informal education in the entire environment in which an individual lives, it covers only the creation of behavioral changes of the desired nature, that is, valid learning. If it does not provide learning, it is possible to create valid learning environments. Since teaching is the activity of providing learning, education provides valid learning, and this situation is realized through teaching. In general, in teaching; The concepts of method, activity, technology and strategy are related to each other, but they are different concepts. All these concepts aim to make learning and teaching the most efficient within the framework of educational technologies. Today, the increasing demands and needs of learning societies are causing studies to be carried out in order to increase the efficiency of the learning and teaching process in schools. This development enables schools to become more efficient in education by applying educational technologies in learning and teaching environments in the context of educational technologies in all countries. Studies are being carried out in the direction of using educational technologies to be used in educational environments and effective equipment, tools and equipment in this direction. Education and technology are two basic elements that play an important role in making human life more efficient. Both elements have been the two main tools that man has used in his efforts to dominate his natural and social environment within the framework of development within the historical process. Key Words: Educational Management, Educational Technologies, Development Process

Experience in studying the adaptability of the educational process in schools with low in schools with low educational results

Introduction. A distinctive feature of modern education is the need to create effective learning conditions for each student as a part of the educational process at school. The ability of an educational institution to organize the educational process, taking into account the individual characteristics of students, is called adaptability. The risk of low adaptability of the educational process is one of the factors for the decline in educational results at school. Purpose of the article: find out indicators that determine the risk of low adaptability of the educational process at schools with low educational results and determine the pedagogical conditions for its minimization. Materials and methods. The study was carried out with the help the study, a theoretical analysis and generalization of psychological and pedagogical literature, of content analysis of normative documents (reports on self-examination, concepts and school development programs) of 11 schools with low educational results in the Orenburg region (the Russian Federation). What is more, the survey of leaders and teachers of experimental schools was conducted in the online form. Results. The study established indicators that determine the risk of low adaptability of the educational process at schools with low educational results. An analysis of school regulations and program documents, carried out on the basis of established indicators, showed that systematic work to reduce the risk of low adaptability of the educational process in 82% of schools is at a low level, in 18% – at an average level. Based on the results of the survey, it was established that the factors hindering the organization of the educational process, taking into account the individual characteristics of students, according to respondents, are the following: low involvement of parents in the educational process – 54%, insufficient use of the capabilities of modern educational technologies to organize the educational process, taking into account the individual characteristics of students – 25%, unformed system of individual work with students with learning difficulties – 16%, fragmentary implementation of formative assessment in the educational process – 7%. The obtained data of the study allow determine the pedagogical conditions for minimization the risk of low adaptability of the educational process at schools with low educational results. Conclusion. A study of the adaptability of the educational process at 11 schools of the Orenburg region with low educational results shows the need for changes in the organization, contents and technologies of education. The results of the study can be used to provide targeted support to schools with poor educational outcomes.

Why Does China’s College Entrance Examination become “Involution”— Based on the Background of Cultural Reproduction in School Education Process

Why Does China’s College Entrance Examination become “Involution”— Based on the Background of Cultural Reproduction in School Education Process

Doubly latent multilevel analysis of the relationship among collective teacher efficacy, school support, and organizational commitment.

Understanding the sources and the effects of collective teacher efficacy has been one of the central interests to many educational researchers and practitioners, because it is critical to understand how teachers can shape, and are shaped by, the educational processes in schools. Following the social cognitive perspective on the sources and consequences of efficacy beliefs, this study examined how school support influences collective teacher efficacy which in turn affects teachers' organizational commitment. The participants included 969 teachers sampled from 28 primary and secondary schools in Hong Kong. To appropriately address the nature of collective teacher efficacy and school support as school-level variables, the doubly latent multilevel structural equation modeling approach was used to analyze the data. The results revealed the mediation mechanism played by collective teacher efficacy in explaining the effect of school support on teachers' organizational commitment. Schools are suggested to consider fostering a supportive school environment as a strategy to improve teachers' collective efficacy beliefs if it is wished to enhance teachers' commitment to schools.

Resource Assessment and Inclusion Risks: Students' View

The study aims to analyze the resources and risks of inclusion in a comprehensive school from the point of view of students. The authors proceed from the position that one of the criteria of inclusivity can be the subjective well-being of students, as a direct integrative assessment of satisfaction and positive emotions. Therefore, it is important to analyze the student's position (voice) in assessing inclusive educational processes in schools. In 2021, a continuous survey of students from one school in the city of Tyumen was conducted. The sample consisted of 807 students. The study was conducted using the author's questionnaire. The questionnaire of the international research project on the study of the subjective well—being of children "Detsky Mir" - Children'S WORLD and inclusion indicators (Booth, T. Einscow, M.) is taken as a basis. The statistical software package SPSS-23.0 was used for statistical analysis. The analysis made it possible to identify the risks of inclusion that must be taken into account when organizing and implementing the educational process, insufficient level of satisfaction with school as a component of subjective well-being; a tendency to decrease school satisfaction during the transition from 7th to 11th grades; significantly lower grades of all components of subjective well-being by students with OOP; significantly lower grades of all components of inclusion in students with OOP. The survey revealed the inclusion resources in the school under study: satisfaction with friends, family, yourself and your life prospects; high appreciation of inclusive culture at school.

Školska kultura kao polazište za razvoj škole

School culture as a determinant for the functioning and development of a school plays a crucial role in shaping the identity, values, and norms within the school context. The primary objective of this paper is to emphasize the significance of a positive school culture for the development of modern schools. Accordingly, the paper provides an overview and analysis of recent discussions regarding various aspects of school culture and the roles of key stakeholders, primarily teachers and school leaders, in shaping and developing it. The paper highlights the connection between school culture and reform processes directed towards current changes in the educational environment. In line with this, desirable strategies for promoting fundamental values in the school context are discussed and recommendations are given for creating educational institutions that support the learning, growth, and development of all participants in the educational process. The concluding section of the paper emphasizes that understanding and enhancing school culture has a profound and lasting impact on the entire educational process in schools. Therefore, the pedagogical implications of this paper can be of significance for both educational policy makers and practitioners working in schools.

Management of logistics transformation of the educational process

The article examines the peculiarities of logistics systems in modern military conditions. An analysis of the structure of the concept of “logistics systems” by many authors was made. This analysis includes the selection of: the essence of the phenomenon, the content of the phenomenon and its result. A classification of existing approaches to defining the concept of “logistics systems” has been carried out. Conducted critical evaluation of different approaches to the concept of “logistics systems” on a five-point scale, which made it possible to identify the definition with the highest rating. The results of the conducted research made it possible to determine that the logistics system is a system that has variable and constant elements in its composition, which changes over time under the influence of management decisions, which are based on the analysis of the internal and external environment in order to increase the efficiency and profitability of the enterprise. Restoration of the educational process in schools and educational institutions of various levels during the period of Russian military operations on the territory of Ukraine is one of the priority areas. Many students and teachers are outside Ukraine, but they should not lose contact with their educational institutions and the opportunity to study/work. However, the main condition for the restoration/continuation of the educational process is the safety of all its participants. There are a number of educational institutions in Ukraine that were moved from the temporarily occupied territory to other regions of Ukraine. The article provides a list of relocated higher education institutions as of October 2023. As a result of the conducted research, the components of the logistic transformation of the educational process were formed in the article, which will make it possible to optimize the logistic systems of the educational process, identify "bottlenecks" and eliminate them in a timely manner. As of October 2023, 31 higher education institutions were relocated on the territory of Ukraine.

Neoliberalization elementary and high school education in Serbia from 2012 to 2022

The paper demonstrates and analyses the process of neoliberalising elementary and high school education in Serbia, focused on the period from 2012 and the beginning of Serbian Progressive Party government to today. Before the empirical analysis itself, a theoretical contribution to the debate surrounding the elusiveness of the concept of neoliberalism is given. The paper recommends that the different conceptualizations of this term should be described as aspects of a broader process of class rule through disempowerment. Following Harvey?s approach, this meta-process is defined as neoliberalization. Harvey?s elements of neoliberalization (privatization and commodification; financialization; the management and manipulation of crises; state redistribution) are thus expanded by three further elements: the neoliberal intellectual project, ideology and the cultural regime. In based on this theoretical framework neoliberal changes in education and relationships between them are analyzed. Ways in which these changes contribute towards the restoration of class power is shown.

Using online courses at an agrotechnological university

The purpose of the article is to carry out the quantitative analysis of online courses in various thematic areas, which are located on Ukrainian platforms of massive open online courses (Prometheus, EdEra, OUM). On the basis of the analysis, systematization and generalization of theoretical data, the advantages and weaknesses of the MOOC use in the educational process of higher school and lifelong education are revealed. As of May 2023, they offer 558 online courses on various topics, 80 (14.3%) of which are paid. The authors found out that on Ukrainian online platforms the number of online courses have increased over the past three years compared to the previous six years. Most of the courses are located on Prometheus online platform (376 courses, 67%). All of the Ukrainian online platforms have the same courses such as “IT”, “Civic Education”, “Healthcare”, and “Psychology”. It was found that Ukrainian MOOC can provide advanced training in most disciplines of general training which is outlined in educational programmers of agrarian and food technologies specialties. In further research, we plan to research the possibility of accepting certificates proving the completion of online courses as an element of non-formal education when studying certain academic disciplines.

Identification of Attitudes of Early School Education Teachers towards Contemporary Art in Early School Education – Construction of a Research Tool by Design

This document is a continuation of the reflections on issues related to the phenomena surrounding the reception of contemporary art, initiated in the scientific study Around Art Reception. A Model of Empirical Cognition of Early School Education Teachers’ Attitudes to Modern Art – A Project Study. The article presents basic assumptions regarding the exploration of attitudes of early school education teachers towards contemporary art, and its main part is an attempt to present the author’s research tool in the form of a measure to identify the attitudes of early school education teachers towards contemporary art in the early school education process. The presented research tool consists of 50 test positions grouped in three dimensions: thoughts and beliefs about the characteristics of the object of an attitude, sensations and emotions associated with the object of an attitude, as well as actions and behaviours towards the object of an attitude, aimed at determining the attitudes of early school education teachers towards contemporary art in the early school education process within the following system: acceptance – ambivalence – rejection. The projected research tool is the initial proposal for further attempts by researchers of the subject to create their original tools for identifying audiences’ attitudes towards contemporary art.

A Model of the Centrifugal Pedagogical Process in a Digital Environment

The leading place in the pedagogical science of Russia and the CIS countries has long been occupied by the idea of reviving the humanistic tradition, but the educational process in schools of different types still follows traditional authoritarian technology, as it did many years ago, and digitalization is manifested by low-quality video tutorials, fictitious electronic magazine, etc. According to the authors, digitalization contributes to increased comfort due to gamification, the possibility of repetition and consolidation with the use of games, simulators. But foreign studies are now increasingly focusing on the consequences and risks of digitalization for humans. Due to the influence of the Internet and digital technologies on the education of students, the need to change the models of education and upbringing with the development of the readiness of teachers and students to interact in a digital environment is actualized. Goal. To develop a model of a system of centrifugal pedagogical process based on a personality-centered approach in education, when the source of development is the student himself, with the harmonization of psychological and pedagogical support for the process of formation of creative self-realization of the individual in a digital environment. Methodology and methods of research. For comparative analysis, the author has chosen a model of the system of the traditional educational process (according to P. I. Pidkasistom). The study was conducted on the basis of the personality-centered approach of K. Rogers, the concept of social education in the process of socialization (I. P. Ivanov, A. V. Mudrik, T. A. Romm), a systematic, synergetic approach (L. I. Novikova), methods of analysis, establishment of causal relationships, processing of bibliographic sources, experimental work. In conclusion, it is concluded that: in traditional schools, it is possible to transfer education and upbringing to a centrifugal systematic pedagogical technology of teaching and upbringing within the framework of compliance with the requirements of state educational standards with the implementation of individual activities on their own motivation; many methods that provide a stable educational effect, as a unique method of collective creative activity of I. P. Ivanov, today proved to be particularly relevant for the educational activity of the teacher.

Integrating Population Education in Sekolah Siaga Kependudukan (SSK) in Building a Planned Generation

To solve increasing population in Indonesia, population education can be implemented in school. The purpose of this study was to analyze the integration of population education in SSK as an effort to realize a planned generation. A phenomenological design with an interview, observation, and documentation was employed in this research. The study's results showed that the integration process of population education in secondary schools occurred through teaching and learning and extracurricular activities, school programs, and pojok kependudukan (population corner). The integration of population education in SSK is inseparable from adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency, creating a substantial value and resilience system. The novelty of the research lies in the analysis of Talcott Parsons' structural-functional theory to integrate SSK for the Planned Generation with an adaptation process, where students learn about various population issues. The integration of multiple parties raises students' self-awareness to reach marriage-age maturity, avoiding premarital sex, and sustainably maintain their reproductive health. However, the iintegration requires a more effective delivery medium for the current generation. Therefore, it is necessary to use technology-based population education media that students can utilize. Meanwhile, for science, population-based technology can also be an innovation in streamlining the integration process of population education.

CHRISTIAN HUMANISM IN THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF THE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY OF ORTHODOX PRIESTS IN VOLYN (XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES)

The article justifies the essence and specificity of Christian humanism as a theoretical phenomenon and the practical basis of the activity of Orthodox priests-educators in Volyn in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It has been found that the Christian humanist foundations of Ukrainian Orthodoxy allows for extrapolating them to the general state of schooling at various historical stages of its development. It has been established that Christian humanism in the educational space of the Volyn region of this period can be considered in both theoretical and practical contexts. The peculiarities of the theory of Christian humanism in the scientific activity of Volyn priests-educators Apollonius Sendulskii, archpriest Andrii Khoynatskii, archbishop Agafangel (Solovyov), archbishop Vitalii (Gregulevych) and others are substantiated. The opinion about the crisis of Christian morality of the 19th century in the daily life of citizens as the object of theoretical investigations of Volyn priests of the studied period is justified. In the context of the practical implementation of the foundations of Christian humanism in the education process in parish schools and spiritual educational institutions in Volyn, the significance of the set of basic Christian virtues that children should learn in the first years of education in parish schools of the Volyn region has been proven. The formulated conclusion is that in the studied period, the Orthodox priesthood of Volyn was based on the theory and practice of Christian humanism from the classical biblical foundations of the training of Christian virtues in children during their education; only occasionally did the priests pay attention to the vast experience of the moral and ethical upbringing of children in the family accumulated by the Ukrainian people, enshrined in national traditions, customs, and rituals.

PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH TO ORGANIZING A STUDY GROUP OF COMPUTER SCIENCE WITH GIFTED SCHOOLCHILDREN

In the article the main factors (dialogical, creative, professional and reflexive), the observance of which contributes to the productive implementation of a personally oriented approach, are analyzed. The authors have identified these factors as psychological and pedagogical prerequisites for the implementation of a personally-oriented approach to learning, providing assistance to students in order to improve their self-esteem, achievement of self-confidence, inspiration in the intellectual and emotional process of discovering his/her own personality (including traits) in the sphere of knowledge and development of talents. The article reveals the essence of the concept of "extracurricular activities" and distinguishes its advantages over the conventional school educational process. The authors emphasize that this type of activity allows to clearly reveal the needs of students, enables them to act in new social roles. The article determines that the most common group form of organization of extracurricular work is a circle (work group); the main types of circles in computer science are described and discussed. On the basis of experience of "Applied software" work group (circle) the authors have formulated the skills and abilities the pupils are to acquire during their extracurricular activities. The authors described the ways to implement a person-centered approach when organizing group work. The article concludes that the involvement of gifted students in various projects within the circle work helps them develop teamwork cooperation, deepen their knowledge and improve their skills in both computer science and other subjects, as well as to open new facets of knowledge concerning the surrounding world. In the long run pupils lean to adapt to different conditions of their future profession, as well as to perceive themselves as highly-qualified specialists.

Efektifitas Media Tebak Gambar dalam Menghafal Mufrodat di Kelas VII N MTS Assunniyyah

The success of the learning process cannot be separated from the role of the media, because educational tools and media are an integral part of the educational process in schools. One of the methods used by educators to make it easier for students to memorize mufrodat is to use picture guessing media. The purpose of this study was to find out the application and effectiveness of picture guessing media in memorizing Arabic mufrodat and knowing the results of memorizing using picture guessing media. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method focusing on the effectiveness of picture guessing media in memorizing mufrodat. The results of the research on picture guessing media make it easier for students to memorize Arabic mufrodat where the more students memorize mufrodat, the easier it is for students to understand Arabic writings. In addition, it is the teacher's effort to improve mufrodat memorization. With the guessing picture media, students are more enthusiastic about memorizing Arabic mufrodat.