Spiritual Education Research Articles

Parenting, family guidance and spiritual education: Proverbs 1:8–9 and its wisdom ethos for children’s moral development

This article seeks to provide a wisdom domain moral analysis of Proverbs 1:8–9 on the role of parents in conveying the significance of parental instruction and the development of wisdom in children. As a process through which young individuals acquire and cultivate essential qualities and values that shape their behavior and moral outlook, children character development encompasses various aspects, including moral, social, emotional, and cognitive dimensions, and it is influenced by a range of factors, including familial upbringing, social interactions, cultural influences, education, and personal experiences. Whilst the origin of parents as agents of moral guardian is not explicitly stated in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament (HB/OT), Proverbs 1:8–9 is one of those key passages whose themes underscore the profound significance of family structure and system, and parental responsibility. The verses highlight the spiritual and moral dimensions of family life, promoting a sense of dignity, submission, and personal development within the context of a supportive family structure. The incisive prescriptions of the text offer a journey into self-understanding, self-development, and self-actualization, by reaffirming the family as a pivotal social institution while balancing the roles and responsibilities of parents and children.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article brings together biblical and theological insights from the parental rhetoric of Proverbs 1:8–9 to bear on and help shape the oversight function of parents as agents of children moral development and healthy family life. The verses bridge spiritual wisdom with scientific understanding, presenting a holistic view of how a child grows intellectually, emotionally, and morally.

SPIRITUAL ENHANCEMENT THROUGH PRENATAL GENTLE YOGA WITHIN ISLAMIC CULTURAL CONTEXTS

<p><em>Prenatal education is an important aspect in preparing pregnant women holistically to face the process of pregnancy and childbirth. This study aims to examine the integration of gentle yoga with Islamic spiritual values as an approach in Islamic prenatal education. Gentle yoga, with a focus on gentle physical exercise, breathing techniques, meditation, and relaxation, offers various benefits for the physical and emotional health of pregnant women. On the other hand, Islamic spiritual values emphasize the importance of maintaining physical and mental health and getting closer to Allah SWT. This study used a qualitative method with a literature study approach and in-depth interviews with pregnant women and Islamic scholars. Data were analyzed to understand the views and practices related to the integration of gentle yoga and spiritual education in the context of pregnancy. The results showed that gentle yoga integrated with Islamic spiritual values can improve the physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being of pregnant women. This practice helps pregnant women feel calm, patient, and close to Allah SWT, as well as strengthen gratitude and inner peace. The conclusion of this study confirms that Islamic prenatal education that combines gentle yoga and Islamic spiritual values offers an effective holistic approach to preparing pregnant women. The implementation of such prenatal education can provide comprehensive support for pregnant women, both physically, mentally, and spiritually. This study provides a significant contribution to the development of a prenatal education approach that is in accordance with Islamic teachings and beneficial for the health of pregnant women.</em></p>

Reconstructing Religious Capital in Exile: The Tibetan Influence on Monastic Education of Buddhists from Ladakh, India

This paper explores the Tibetan influence in monastic education of Ladakhi Buddhists in India. The reconstructed Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in India post the Tibetan exodus in 1959 serve as training grounds for thousands of monastics from Ladakh. The fieldwork for this qualitative research study was conducted in Leh, Ladakh, and the Tibetan settlement of Mungod in Karnataka. On the basis of interview guides, interview schedules, focus group discussions and non-participant observation, this paper argues that the religious capital of Tibetan Buddhism has had an integral role in shaping the spiritual education and life worlds of the Buddhist monastics of Ladakh.

PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM ERA AI: MENGGUNAKAN KECERDASAN BUATAN UNTUK PERSONALISASI PEMBELAJARAN SPIRITUAL

The digital era and the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have presented a significant shift in teaching methods, including in the realm of Christian Religious Education (PAK). This article explores the integration of AI in PAK, with a focus on personalizing spiritual learning. Using a qualitative method with a literature study approach, this study analyzes current sources to understand the potential and challenges of using AI in the context of spiritual education. The results of the study show that AI offers significant opportunities to improve the quality and effectiveness of PAK through personalized learning, deeper analysis of religious texts, and wider access to educational resources. However, the application of AI also presents ethical challenges, including concerns about data privacy, the potential erosion of relational aspects in education, and the risk of widening the digital divide. The study emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach to integrating AI, which involves training educators, developing ethical frameworks, and ongoing theological reflection. In conclusion, while AI has transformative potential in PAKs, its application must be done carefully to ensure that technology supports, not replaces, important aspects of Christian religious education, including authentic character building and spiritual growth.

Book Review: ‘Education as Gift: Challenging Markets and Technology and Celebrating the Spirit of Education’

Book Review: ‘Education as Gift: Challenging Markets and Technology and Celebrating the Spirit of Education’

Новые типы епархиальных духовно-учебных заведений в Российской империи в начале ХХ века

The article is devoted to the topic of additional diocesan educational institutions in the system of spiritual educational institutions of the Russian Empire. The crisis of spiritual education, which appeared at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, intensified by the revolutionary events of 1905-1907, caused a heated debate in the public and church environment about the upcoming reform. The paper examines the causes and patterns of the emergence of new schools and courses at the local level, which preceded the legislative formalization of innovations, their integration into the existing state system of spiritual education. A special place in the article is given to trends in women's spiritual education: the creation of local theological schools alternative to diocesan women's schools, which preceded the reorganization of educational institutions for girls under the management of the Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church. The article attempts to study the emergence of local diocesan educational institutions not only as separate events in the life of the dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church. The article attempts to study the emergence of local di-ocesan educational institutions not only as separate events in the life of the dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church. A generalized view of new educational institutions in the context of social and social phenomena makes it possible to see the relationship of additional schools with the transformations of the theological school after 1917.

Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama: The Spirit of Transformative and Character Education in Jeddah Indonesian Schools

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bahwa Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama memiliki peran penting dalam mewarnai proses pendidikan transformative dan Pendidikan karakter di sekolah Indonesia Jeddah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi etnografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan analisis dokumen. Teknik analisis data digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan data hasil wawancara, mengadopsi berbagai pemikiran pendiri dan tokoh, menganalisis dokumen kurikulum dan profil sekolah serta melanjutkan penyajian data yang disusun dalam bentuk laporan penelitian. Penelitian ini mejelaskan bahwa semua pihak yang tertarik dengan dunia pendidikan di Indonesia, baik yang diselenggarakan di dalam negeri maupun di luar negeri, khususnya di Sekolah Indonesia Jeddah terus memberikan kontribusi terutama oleh Muhammdiyah dan Nahdatul Ulama. Membangun pendidikan transformatif dan pendidikan karakter bagi Muhammadiyah dengan Slogan Islam Berkemajuan melalui semangat mengadaptasi dan mengintegrasikan dikotomi holistik ilmu pengetahuan yang menerapkan nilai-nilai humanisasi, pembebasan, dan transendensi serta internalisasi dalam Ali Imran ayat 104 dan 110 yang menginspirasi lahirnya Muhammadiyah. Islam Nusantara sebagai slogan Nadhlatul Ulama berkontribusi pada akulturasi masyarakat Indonesia yang plural dengan berbagai tradisi, sehingga nilai keragaman tetap terjaga di tengah arus globalisasi. Dua slogan keislaman dari dua organisasi Islam terbesar di Indonesia telah berkontribusi nyata menguatkan soft skill siswa menyiapkan masa depannya dengan penguatan nilai-nilia budaya keindonesiaan sebagai tempat kelahirannya.

Participants' Perspectives on Diabetes Self-Management Programming at Church: Faith-Placed Versus Faith-Based Approach.

The purpose of the study was to explore Hispanic adults' experiences participating in the Building a Healthy Temple diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) cluster randomized trial and collect their insights on intervention approach, delivery, content, impact, and suggested improvements for future DSMES programs delivered at church. Focus groups were conducted with participants from both intervention arms, that is, faith-based (FB) group and faith-placed group. Participating churches were predominantly Hispanic and located in San Antonio, Texas. Focus groups were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Inductive content analysis was performed with the assistance of NVivo software to code and categorize emerging themes. A total of 138 adult participants took part in the current study. Participants in both groups highly valued the church setting for its convenient location and support system and reported positive changes in diabetes-related beliefs, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and health outcomes. FB participants appreciated the incorporation of spiritual teachings and facilitation by lay leaders, which created a sense of empowerment and improved outlook on living with diabetes. Church holds promise as a setting for DSMES program delivery in Hispanic communities. Church-based DSMES programs using a FB approach may further facilitate program adoption and sustainability.

The Spiritual Education Value and Practical Approaches of Early Childhood Dance

Early childhood dance is an art activity for young children created according to the characteristics of their physical and mental development, which is characterized by intuitive image, sociality, and children's fantasy. It is characterized by intuitive image to show the form of all things for young children, which shows the knowledge of truth; young children shape their good character in the collective dance environment of cooperation and communication, which is for the sake of goodness; and young children experience the charm of dance art in the dance world of children's fantasy, which is for the sake of cultivating beauty. The truth, goodness and beauty it contains can nourish young children's hearts and promote the formation of positive psychological qualities in young children, which is an important way to educate young children. In this sense, educators should fully explore the value of early childhood dance according to the level of physical and mental development of young children, so as to achieve the dance wisdom - to promote the development of young children's cognitive ability, to dance ideology - to enhance the quality of young children's will, to dance and express their feelings. --Cultivate young children's positive emotions and feelings, nurture children's personality, and guide children's pro-social behavior. To realize dancing to nurture the heart and dancing to nurture people, and to promote the comprehensive and harmonious development of young children's body and mind.

『장자』에서의 영성교육 가능성 검토

[Objective] The purpose of this study is to examine whether spirituality can be discussed in the Book of Zhuangzi amidst the need for spirituality education in the post-religious era, and to explore the possibility of spiritual education in Zhuangzi. [Contents] This study examines how Western scholars view spirituality in the Book of Zhuangzi. We then examined what Zhuangzi spirituality is, based on the “Nourishing the Lord of Life” passage, which is often used in discussions of spirituality in Zhuangzi, and how it can be found in practice and what it looks like when it is fully realized. [Conclusions] The conclusions of this study are as follows First, Zhuangzi spirituality can be characterized as the desire to encountering Shen(神). Second, he affirmed that Zhuangzi spirituality is manifested through the acts of mindfulness and forgetfulness, resulting in the attainment of the ideal human beings of the Supreme Man, the Divine Man, and the Holy Man. Third, we believe that Zhuangzi's theory of spiritual education can serve as a theoretical foundation for spiritual education in the post-religious era, as it can teach spirituality in a philosophical and literary context.

Suharwardia Sufi Order The Spiritual Legacy, Influence, Contributions & Connections of Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam in South Asia

Hazrat Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam was an admired Sufi saint belonging to the Suhrawardia order who was born in Multan in 1251 AD. He was the descendant of Hazrat Bahauddin Zakariya who was educated in the city of Baghdad & later started following Sheikh Shahab-ud-Din Sahurwardi. Sheikh Bahauddin was sent to Multan by his master for the spiritual guidance of the people. Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam carried on the legacy of his grandfather as an esteemed Sufi saint, known for his spiritual teachings and literary works. Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam was widely renowned for his kind-heartedness and empathy, miraculous healings and charitable deeds. After his death in 1334 AD, his disciples continued to promote his spiritual guidance marking a significant era in Sufi history in India. Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam, a respected Sufi saint significantly influenced his era by advocating for inclusiveness and compassion to foster unity among diverse groups of people. His close relationships with rulers (governors, kings, Sultans) like Alauddin Khilji, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq & Muhammad bin Tughlaq showcased a reciprocal bond of respect and influence as he assisted the underprivileged and settled conflicts. Despite engaging in political scheming, his relationship with Khwaja Nizamuddin Auliya prioritized spiritual unity over rivalry among the saints. The shrine of Shaikh remains a purposeful destination for pilgrims in Multan demonstrating the enduring impact of his legacy of compassion over the years. This research focuses on the lineage/ancestry, political involvement of this saint, connections with other saints and religious duties of the Suharwardia order specifically Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam.

Characteristics of Qinghai Traditional Painting Art-Literature Analysis

Qinghai’s traditional painting art, influenced by its diverse ethnic cultures and religious practices, is a unique fusion of Tibetan, Han, and Mongolian elements. Originating from ancient rock art, Qinghai painting has evolved into a complex system characterized by realism, symbolic representation, and vibrant colors. Tibetan Buddhism plays a significant role in shaping the themes and styles of Qinghai’s art, particularly in Thangka and mural paintings. These art forms, rich in religious symbolism, are not only visual representations of spiritual teachings but also educational tools that pass down cultural and moral values. Among Qinghai’s artistic traditions, Datong farmers' paintings stand out for their simplicity, vibrant colors, and strong connection to rural life, using expressive brushwork to depict local customs and daily activities. Meanwhile, Qinghai Thangka is notable for its symmetrical compositions, vivid colors, and intricate details, often portraying Buddhist deities in a harmonious and layered structure. Despite modernization challenges, Qinghai’s painting art continues to innovate while preserving its cultural heritage, with modern artists blending traditional techniques with contemporary elements to keep the tradition alive. This study explores the characteristics, cultural significance, and future of Qinghai traditional painting art, emphasizing its role in cultural identity and artistic development.

Sundanese Creed of Shahadah: The Relationship between Sundanese Teachings, Culture, and Religion

This writing is to find out the creeds have developed in Sundanese society and the dialectical implications of Islam and local culture of this Mantra Creed in Sundanese social and religious life. Meanwhile, the method used is a type of qualitative research or qualitative method of inquiry, namely an in-depth study using data collection techniques directly from people in their natural environment. According to Bogdan and Taylor, qualitative methods are research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. The results of the research found several things, including: First, the shahada in Sundanese society has a broader scope than just aspects of Islam, involving various types of shahada in Sundanese with the aim of incantations for supernatural powers or fulfilling immediate needs, showing circumvention of Islamic law but recognizing Islam as a spiritual teaching. Second, Sundanese people's understanding of the Mantra Creed varies, revealed through analysis of the texts of the Sundanese creed, the Sri Sedana pantun, and the Sundanese version of Martabat Tujuh. Although many people know the text of the Sundanese shahada, only a few understand it in depth. The belief that Sundanese people were already Muslim before the arrival of Islam is confirmed through Pantun Sri Sedana, reflecting acculturation between Sundanese and Islamic teachings. Third, the dialectical implications of Islam and local culture from the shahadah mantra in Sundanese social and religious life include three aspects of Islamic teachings and Sundanese belief system.

Investigation on the Current Situation of "Dual Teacher" Teacher Training in Guangxi's Application Oriented Private Undergraduate Universities—Taking 5 Schools Including Nanning University as an Example

Under the guidance of the Ministry of Education's spirit of "transforming local ordinary undergraduate universities into application-oriented universities", private undergraduate colleges attach greater importance to the cultivation and development of "dual teacher" teaching staff in order to better transform and develop into application-oriented universities. There are still problems in the training of "dual qualified" teachers in current applied undergraduate universities, such as unclear recognition criteria, inadequate incentive conditions, and lack of government policy support. This article conducts research on these issues and proposes optimization suggestions to improve the quality of "dual qualified" teacher training from the aspects of government unified clear recognition standards, corresponding enterprise policy support, and improving school related systems.

PEDAGOGICAL MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPING COLLABORATIVE SKILLS OF STUDENTS BASED ON A MULTI-VECTOR APPROACH

Pedagogical and psychological studies were carried out to improve the collaborative skills of young students by implementing multi-vector approaches to the analysis of pedagogical mechanisms in education. The main goal and tasks of this research was to develop a modern educational model with the help of pedagogical educational programs. Multi-vector approaches based on new pedagogical mechanisms have been analyzed to further increase their psychological state, spirit and interest in education in the formation of collaborative skills of the young generation.

USE OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS

This graduation work is dedicated to the study of the methodology of aesthetic education of children in art-speech activities in the education of elementary school teachers. The main goal of the research is to improve the moral and spiritual education of elementary school teachers through artistic and speech activities, and to provide them with new methodological approaches that can be used in pedagogical activities.

DOCTRINES OF UNIVERSAL SUFISM TEACHINGS: AN ANALYSIS

In this day, various teachings, beliefs and thoughts from religion, economic, political and social aspects have penetrated every area of ​​human life through the sophistication of social media technology. Among that challenges are the understanding of spiritual teachings that are served in various forms such as faith and art, mostly aimed at harmony, well-being, unity, peace and love. Each of these spiritual teachings require research and precise understanding where they affect human life directly or indirectly. Therefore, this article tries to scientifically examine the teachings of universal spirituality, by focusing the discussion on the Universal Sufism teachings. This spiritual teachingis getting the attention of Muslims in particular and all people in general. This study uses a literature review approach by referring to the books of Inayat Khan who is the founder of the Universal Sufism and also other relatedwritten materials. The results of the study show that Universal Sufism is a universalspiritual teaching that combines various elements from Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Zoroastrianism.

MA’NAVIY TARAQQIYOT: BARKAMOL AVLODNI TARBIYALASHNING IJTIMOIY-FALSAFIY MEZONARI

It is discussed that philosophical, cultural and educational aspects that manifest themselves in different ways in the strategy of spiritual development of society in a certain period, various features associated with state policy and the development of man and population, especially analyzing the processes of development of the psyche and mood of youth in this article. Such features and specific aspects are general criteria and basic factors of philosophical principles that influence various features of concepts related to these issues. Ideas are presented from the point of view of the development of spiritual education, based on the practical significance of its modern development in society.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Mencegah Kecanduan Gadget pada Remaja

The role of Christian religious education teachers is crucial in guiding teenagers to use gadgets wisely and in line with Christian teachings. Uncontrollable use of gadgets can lead to addiction, which in turn can damage the understanding of Christian values and moral behavior of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of Christian Religious Education Teachers in Preventing Gadget Addiction in Teenagers. The results of this study show that (1) Christian Religious Education teachers have a very important role in helping adolescents understand and overcome the problem of gadget addiction through moral and spiritual education based on biblical values. (2) Christian Religious Education teachers need to collaborate with parents in preventing and overcoming gadget addiction in adolescents (3) Christian Religious Education teachers, play a role in guiding adolescents in dealing with the use of gadgets wisely, as well as highlighting strategies that can be used to achieve this goal including effective communication. Thus, Christian Religious Education Teachers as a foundation in overcoming and building awareness of adolescents so that adolescents are not affected in the excessive use of gadgets.

Older Chinese adults’ social participation and happiness: the mediating effect of spirituality

ABSTRACT This quantitative study explored the relationship between social participation and happiness among older adults in a Chinese context by introducing the mediator of spirituality. The Howden Spirituality Assessment Scale (SAS), the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH), and the Frequency of Social Participation Scale, which was developed specifically for this study, were used to measure older participants’ spirituality, happiness, and social participation. Data were collected from a sample of 658 older participants located in sixteen cities across nine provinces in China and were subsequently analysed via structural equation modelling. Three main conclusions were obtained. First, Chinese older adults’ frequency of social participation was low, their level of spirituality was high, and their sense of happiness was fair. Second, older Chinese adults’ social participation, spirituality, and happiness were positively correlated with each other. Third, older Chinese adults’ spirituality fully mediated the relationship between social participation and happiness. Our data suggest that, first, it is fundamentally necessary to promote social participation among older adults with the aim of improving their happiness; second, older adults’ need for spiritual development and spiritual growth should be viewed as the core goal of the design of social activities; third, spiritual education should be included in the focus on older adult education.