Education Institutions In Brazil Research Articles

Instituições de ensino superior, cursos e matrículas: o que os dados revelam?

Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral identificar as tendências no Brasil de expansão das instituições de ensino superior, dos cursos de graduação e das matrículas entre os anos de 1980 e 2018. Os dados foram coletados no site do INEP, sistematizados em tabelas e analisados. Foi possível verificar o aumento do número de instituições de ensino superior no Brasil e o processo de privatização das mesmas, bem como o predomínio de matrículas no setor privado. Outro dado interessante refere-se ao crescimento da modalidade do ensino à distância, tanto em termos do número de cursos quanto de matrículas.

Provision of education for sustainability development and sustainability literacy in business programs in three higher education institutions in Brazil, Colombia and Peru

PurposeThis paper aims to report on the status and the development of education for sustainable development (ESD) and sustainability literacy (SL) in three Latin American (LA) higher education institutions (HEIs) business programs in Peru, Brazil and Colombia. The paper examines institutional efforts to both introduce and implement ESD curricula and provide SL.Design/methodology/approachThe methods used in this paper included reviews of university Web pages and course materials. Structured interviews were also conducted with program leaders, to examine the level of ESD, as input affecting the business programs curricula of the universities concerned.FindingsInitial findings suggest that, in the three HEIs surveyed, there is still a tendency to talk about issues related to ESD but actions that confirm this interest are not sufficiently advanced. The authors surveys a sample of business programs curricula and interviewed its leaders and a mixed and dated picture emerged. When compared to other regions particularly the USA and Europe, the findings show that the HEIs surveyed still have not developed enough work to distinguish conceptually between sustainable development, ESD and SL making the embedment of these concepts in the curriculum not fully developed.Originality/valueIn LA HEIs, the ESD message seems to be slowly taking ground, equipping HEIs to respond to SL concerns. Implementation and practice in some HEIs are still at an embryonic and conceptually confused stage with regard to LA HEIs SL. This paper sheds light to help ESD delivery. It offers some strategies for moving on from this inception phase to a more structured SL provision and ESD outlook.

Active learning application in engineering education: effect on student performance using repeated measures experimental design

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to present the methodology and the results of active learning application in an Engineering Education institution in Brazil, using repeated measures experimental design. It involved taking course samples from 7 engineering programs, providing 6 classes, 202 participant students and 296 class-hours. The design had a strict implementation plan where each course content was taught in two subsequent stages using traditional and active learning approaches respectively. Similar grade assessments were applied to both stages. The classes were observed using a classroom observation protocol, to check for the profile change from passive to active in-class behaviours. The consolidated results demonstrated that student performance in the second assessment was 14% better, after the application of active learning techniques (~40% of the grades standard deviation). The article aims to contribute to current research and inform future studies about the effectiveness of active learning methods in Engineering Education.

Avaliação de cursos do ensino superior no Brasil: o SINAES na sua relação com a qualidade

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de avaliação de cursos do ensino superior no Brasil. A metodologia de pesquisa seguiu um procedimento de caráter descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, concretizado por uma análise da avaliação de cursos, decorrente do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES), seguidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), responsável pela avaliação desses cursos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a avaliação de cursos constitui um meio para garantir a qualidade da educação, sendo um fator decisivo nos planos de melhoria das instituições de educação superior no Brasil. O estudo realizado permitiu também constatar que a qualidade, sendo um conceito historicamente situado, em cada período é avaliado de uma maneira diferente, estando, nesta era da globalização, fortemente associada à investigação, à internacionalização e às exigências do mercado. Estes aspectos constituem fatores decisivos nas tomadas de decisão para a avaliação dos cursos de educação superior.

Interface between women's health and violence in the training of nurses in Brazil.

Objective.To analyze the theoretical interfaces of violence against women in the nursing undergraduate curricula of public Higher Education Institutions in Brazil.Methods.Documentary and descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The documentary search happened through the access to the E-mec website for the identification of public Higher Education Institutions for undergraduate nursing degree in Brazil. The menus available online from educational institutions that contained the terms “woman” and “violence” were analyzed. Data processing took place using the IraMuTeQ software, and they were analyzed using the Descending Hierarchical Classification technique.Results.The analysis by the software resulted in an important degree of utilization (72.95%), since, of the 244 segments of texts from the menus, 178 were retained. The analysis by the Descending Hierarchical Classification resulted in four thematic categories: Violence against women as a pathological process linked to sexual and reproductive health; Women’s Health: Care, epidemiological, social and cultural aspects; Gender as an analytical category; and Children’s and Adolescents’ Care.Conclusion.It was found a connection between the terms “woman” and “violence” to the sexual and reproductive aspects of women (physiological and pathological natures) susceptible to intervention; however, the gender approach is recognized as an analytical category for understanding the vulnerabilities of the female audience to illness and violence.

Usage of a Web-Based Student Response System (SRS) in the Classroom: An Analysis of Accounting Students’ Perception

Objective: Investigate the accounting students’ perception on the use of a web-based student response system (SRS), called Kahoot!, in a public higher education institution in Brazil. The web-based SRS is a relatively recent technology tool that can contribute to provide an active learning environment.
 Background: The paper reviews the SRS literature and highlights its usage benefits and challenges. Also, the study presents empirical studies carried on SRS thus far that offered theoretical support for the discussion of the findings.
 Method: Data were collected from 77 students through survey. The survey was designed based on prior SRS literature, containing two parts. The first one asked for the students’ demographics; and the second one comprised 22 questions to capture two constructs: “Perception of Use” (18 questions) and “Overall Satisfaction” (6 questions). Surveys were applied in loco.
 Results: The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient indicated high internal consistency among the items that measured both constructs. We also found that the SRS assists in classroom interactivity, promote greater involvement, and was adequate as a didactic tool. Students also thought that the SRS may have the potential to improve their learning and were generally satisfied with it.
 Contribution: The study contributes to teaching methods in accounting education by bringing evidence of efficacy of a web-based SRS from accounting students’ perspective. It also shows promising results when using SRS in accounting classes, especially when interactivity and active learning are considered educational goals.

A theoretical-methodological proposal for the use of ICTs in English classes in Brazilian educational institutions

A possible way to provide oral and written English practice by using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is through telecollaborative activities (SCHAEFER; HEEMANN, 2019). O’Dowd (2013) defines telecollaboration as the use of online technologies in the context of language teaching and learning with students who are geographically dispersed. Another possibility to favor the practice of English using ICTs is through digital stories, understood as the inclusion of multiple digital resources in storytelling (CASTAÑEDA, 2013). Drawing on scholars such as Brammerts (1996, 2003), Lambert (2006, 2007), Almeida (2014), O’Dowd (2012, 2013), Tumolo (2015) and Schaefer (2019), this study aims at presenting a theoretical-methodological proposal, which involves the use of ICTs, for English classes in Brazilian educational institutions. On the basis of the presentation of our theoretical-methodological proposal, we suggest that activities that utilize ICTs have the potential to produce challenges that may lead to language learning, student motivation, collaborative work and reflection.

Simulation in nursing baccalaureate courses of Brazilian educational institutions

to characterize simulation practices in nursing courses in Brazil, considering the attributes developed, facilities, and challenges encountered. this is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach. Ninety-one coordinators of undergraduate courses participated in the study. An electronic questionnaire was used with open- and closed-ended questions. the most used simulation modality is Specific Skills. Private courses and courses with integrated curricula most often use High Fidelity Simulation. Understanding the mobilization of affective attributes is still insufficient. it is important that undergraduate course managers are aware and take ownership of the elements that permeate simulation and invest to create a favorable environment for its effectiveness.

Comida na universidade: os efeitos da COVID-19

Em tempos de pandemia causada pelo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) e necessidade de distanciamento social, os Restaurantes Universitários precisaram adequar a forma de trabalho e de fornecimento de comida. Este ensaio aborda as alterações na produção e distribuição das refeições da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) que, até meados de março de 2020, acontecia através do sistema de alimentação do tipo buffet livre para toda a comunidade acadêmica e, a partir da pandemia, foi alterado para a modalidade de refeições fracionadas em marmitas somente para para alunos em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. Além disso, também investigou-se e discutiu-se sobre os impactos da pandemia na comida dos universitários em outras instituições de ensino público superior no Brasil. Observou-se que as adequações adotadas perpassam pela Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, soberania alimentar e comensalidade dos alunos, em meio a um contexto desconhecido e incerto, embora essencial. Por fim, apresentaram-se as novas medidas adotadas pela UFRGS, que visam diminuir os efeitos negativos da pandemia nos alunos em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, bem como refletiu-se acerca das transformações na tradicional foram de comidas em buffet.

Uma conversa com Freire e Vigostsky sobre as atividades de ensino remotas devido à pandemia do COVID-19

O distanciamento social em razão da pandemia de COVID-19 provocou impactos relevantes na vida das pessoas em todo o mundo. A educação foi fortemente atingida devido à paralisação das aulas presenciais nos diversos níveis de ensino. O retorno às atividades nas instituições de educação no Brasil foi possível por meio do ensino remoto para algumas escolas privadas e, posteriormente, para as universidades. A maioria dos docentes teve que se adequar às novas condições para ministrar aulas através de aplicativos de vídeoconferências, como por exemplo, o google meet e organização das atividades de ensino, o google classroom. Este trabalho narra a pesquisa realizada por uma professora, docente de uma universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro, sobre o ensino remoto, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da abordagem Histórico-Cultural, Paulo Freire e Lev Vigotsky. O objeto da pesquisa é sua prática de ensino na disciplina para alunas(os)/professoras(es) do curso de mestrado profissional. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa. A metodologia fundamenta-se nos relatos de suas experiências, originadas de suas reflexões e ações acerca do enfrentamento das adversidades advindas das condições remotas de trabalho, “na busca de si mesma no mundo”, de sua reconstituição nesse novo mundo, que precisava ser orientada pela dialogicidade. Os resultados mostram que as ações realizadas pela docente na discussão dos temas do planejamento das aulas da disciplina, embasada na dialogia permanente dos sujeitos, foram capazes de fazer emergir as condições para a construção de conhecimentos e vencer os distanciamentos dos sujeitos no ensino remoto.

Emergency Remote Computer Science Education in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts and Strategies

At the end of 2019, there was an outbreak of pneumonia in Chinese territory that quickly spread across the globe. Due to its infection characteristics, several face-to-face activities that brought many people together had to be rethought. In this critical scenario, teaching was abruptly changed into a modality called Emergency Remote Education (ERE). Thus, many professors had to adapt materials and resources from traditional teaching to the ERE modality without any previous planning and organization. Considering the aforementioned, the main goal of this study is to present how ERE has been conducted by professors in the field of Computer Science in Brazil. To achieve this goal, we prepared an electronic questionnaire, which was answered by 141 professors from different Brazilian educational institutions. The main results achieved by this research include the impacts observed and the strategies that have been practiced by such professionals. Based on the gathered results, we can notice that Computer Science professors in Brazil had (and still have) to reinvent themselves during ERE. In addition, there is still a lack of public previous policies to support these professionals’ routine.

A implantação do CEFET/campus Nova Friburgo: um marco para a formação profissional e tecnológica na região

O Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca – CEFET/ RJ, ao longo de sua existência de cento e três anos, consolida-se como uma das principais instituições de ensino público Federal do Brasil. Sua trajetória tem sido marcante para o cenário da educação profissional e tecnológica com importante responsabilidade na qualificação para além da atuação no mundo do trabalho. No palco da reconstituição da memória e no curso do processo de expansões ocorridas na instituição, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo ressaltar a implantação do CEFET campus Nova Friburgo/RJ e sua importância para o desenvolvimento e qualificação profissional da região com ofertas de cursos de graduação, pós-graduação e ensino médio integrado, dando oportunidades para os jovens da cidade e região a uma educação de qualidade. Sob o foco histórico-descritivo, procuramos resgatar alguns dos muitos momentos históricos vividos por essa instituição centenária, revisitar a trajetória da implantação do CEFET para o interior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e discorrer sobre as atividades desenvolvidas no campus Nova Friburgo. Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental na qual foram levantadas obras que serviram de sustentação às ideias que se pretende expor. Como resultado das análises, verificamos que o CEFET/ Nova Friburgo é um marco importante na interiorização para a formação profissional e tecnológica, sem perder de vista a dinâmica do desenvolvimento da região. Além disso, as expansões dos diversos campi orientados pelo conceito de cidade polo devem aproveitar o potencial de desenvolvimento à possibilidade de parcerias e infraestrutura existente, e que o processo de constituição da história do CEFET, particularmente o campus Nova Friburgo, é carregado de singularidade, sentidos e significados.

Tecnologias digitais e ensino remoto: reflexões outras sobre as precariedades diante da pandemia

A fala da professora Ana Elisa Ribeiro, intitulada Tecnologias Digitais: ciclos da precariedade diante da pandemia, ocorreu em 25 de junho de 2020, durante a série de conferências e mesas-redondas denominada Abralin ao Vivo – Linguists Online, uma iniciativa da Associação Brasileira de Linguística (ABRALIN). O objetivo da conferência foi refletir sobre a precariedade instalada nas escolas brasileiras, em especial, quanto à apropriação das tecnologias digitais por parte dos professores e da escola. Bem como, refletir sobre os problemas de acesso e as desigualdades sociais existentes entre os alunos, fatores que impulsionaram uma reflexão sobre como a escola tem enfrentado tais dificuldades no ensino remoto. Modalidade oferecida pela maioria das instituições de ensino no Brasil em tempos de pandemia.

Educational DataMining: A Study of the Factors That Cause School Dropout in Higher Education Institutions in Brazil

Context:In Brazil, there is a high dropout rate in higher education institutions. Thus, it is clear that evasion is a frequent problem and that it is necessary to analyze the factors that cause it to enable solutions that can mitigate/ reduce this problem. Objetive: (1)perform a correlation analysis (Pearson and Spearman) of the educational factores of the School Census; (2)propose school dropout prediction models taking into account educational and economic factors using regression methods (linear, robust, ridge, lasso, clusterwise regression). Methodology: used the phases of the CRISP-DM methodology. Results: the factors related to not allowing financial assistance are related to as evasion, namely: food, permanence, didactic material, transportation. There are also factors related to the study period. The regression robust and linear regression show fewer errors. Conclusion: the correlations used present the selection of factors in a similar way, thus following a linear distribution. This study can help to create more investment in public policies, as it ratifies factors are related to this dropout problem.

Uso de tecnologias no ensino superior público brasileiro em tempos de pandemia COVID-19

O ano de 2020 já está marcado como sendo o ano da pandemia COVID-19. Essa pandemia vem modificando as estruturas socioeconômicas no mundo, e as instituições educacionais no Brasil praticamente tiveram que interromper suas atividades presenciais devido às regras de distanciamento social. Conforme método de ensino, a aprendizagem mediada por tecnologia ganhou ênfase e abriu espaço para interações humanas diferenciadas. Essas metodologias de ensino já existiam, mas ainda alcançavam uma escala pequena. Este trabalho apresenta e discute as perspectivas brasileiras sobre os desafios e oportunidades para o uso das tecnologias educacionais para o ensino superior público. Os principais resultados apontam que a implementação de políticas de inclusão digital, visando diminuir as desigualdades regionais de acesso à internet é condição necessária para que qualquer estratégia de ensino remoto tenha possibilidade de êxito.

School competition and performance indicators: evidence from the creation of federal education institutions in Brazil

The expansion of the Federal Institute of Education is characterized as an exogenous source of competition in Brazil. This research studies the effect of the Federal Institutes’ creation on the performance of the other public schools in the benefited municipalities. The methodological approach is the Propensity Score Matching combined with the generalized difference in differences method. The results show a significant and negative impact on the pass rate of students who remain in the state public educational system and a positive impact in the fail rate. The policy of expansion of the Federal Institutes may lead to a cream skimming process.

Student Retention at a Higher Educational Institution: A Comparison Between Evaded and Nonevaded Groups Using Partial Least Square

Students’ desertions can be a threat to the proper functioning and management of a Higher Educational Institution. Based on the theoretical model named the Relationship Quality-based Student Loyalty that combines relationship marketing to educational studies retention constructs, the main objective of this study is the evaluation of the Relationship Quality-based Student Loyalty constructs in a Brazilian Higher Educational Institution reality and the identification of significant differences when evaded and nonevaded students groups are compared. A survey was carried out with 314 undergraduate students along with their secondary data. Data analysis was performed using Partial Least Square technique to test the model validity, Partial Least Square–Multiple Group Analysis to compare groups, and Mann–Whitney U test to identify significant differences in the parameters. Six of the eight hypotheses were entirely or partially confirmed. Those results can help educational managers to adopt a different positioning about student retention factors, in attempt to improve commitment and perceived quality.

Symbiotic relationships in educational services for vulnerable adolescents

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether and to what extent different forms of symbiotic relationships (named mutualism and collaboration) within a usage centre lead to different levels of value in use for its resource integrators. This study focusses on the educational services provided in deprived neighbourhoods to potentially vulnerable adolescents.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a two-phase sequential exploratory mixed-method design. The first phase included a qualitative study that involved both the focal (the students) and peripheral resource integrators (the students’ parents) of a Brazilian educational institution that had exceptional results. The qualitative findings were used to build a comparative multi-group survey with four subgroups in which 530 peripheral resource integrators participated.FindingsA mutualistic educational institution in which the participation of students’ parents is mandatory creates more value in use than collaborative institutions in which parental participation is optional. In the context of educational services for vulnerable adolescents, value in use is echoed in the coexistence of families, greater caring about the students, and the encouragement from the adolescents’ positive beliefs about education and respectful relationships with others.Social implicationsInitiatives aimed at addressing social issues regarding children or adolescents in situations of vulnerability will achieve better results if their families are contemplated and involved.Originality/valueThis study is the first to empirically test Kleinaltenkampet al.’s usage centre framework (2017). In so doing, the study advances the understanding of how the interdependence of actors in the usage processes leads to value creation for vulnerable populations.

Analysis of Distance Education Business Models in Brazilian Private Higher Education Institutions

This article is based on a research whose objective was to create and analyze the undergraduate business model taxonomy in Distance Education (DE) modality at private Higher Education Institutions in Brazil. As methodological procedure, a survey was conducted from August to November 2017, with 43 Brazilian institutions and a cluster analysis. The analysis resulted in the formation of two to three groups (clusters) in each of the nine business model building blocks explored in the literature review, in a total of 24 groups. From these groupings and the analysis of each group characteristics, their taxonomic classifications were created, that is, the main objective of this work. Two distinct and recurrent business models in distance education were also identified and analyzed, based on the 43 surveyed institutions study.

Power Systems Protection Course in the Electrical Engineering Programs Offered in Brazil

This paper presents a study of the Power Systems Protection (PSP) course in the Electrical Engineering programs offered in Brazil. The course offered to the undergraduate students has great importance for the future professional of Power System Engineering and should consider aspects to ensure that the future professionals have the necessary skills to carry out the craft of the profession. Initially, the importance of the PSP theme is presented through a compilation of local data (Brazil) regarding the Brazilian Interconnected Electrical System and its impacts on the operation and issues as failures and accidents. The article continues briefly describing the Electrical Engineering programs in Brazil, with current and historical data on Engineering and specifically Electrical Engineering, comparing them with other programs. The official number of Electrical Engineering programs of public and private educational institutions in Brazil and the number of programs that the course is mandatory or optional is also compared. Following, it is presented the characteristics and common subjects addressed in the course syllabus in the different best Brazilian educational institutions according to the Brazilian Institute of Studies and Research (INEP). Finally, the paper is concluded presenting a discussion about the necessity of maintain, increase or decrease the offer of this particular course and the necessity of update its syllabus.