Doctoral Education Research Articles

Agricultural Informatics: Emphasising potentiality and proposed model on innovative and emerging Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) in Agricultural Informatics Program for Smart Agricultural Systems

Agricultural Informatics: Emphasising potentiality and proposed model on innovative and emerging Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) in Agricultural Informatics Program for Smart Agricultural Systems

Time to tame the tome: Motivating the thesis by publication as a mode of study for a PhD in the humanities

Globally the PhD is recognized as the apex of all academic qualifications. For a large part of the qualification’s history, the only way to obtain it was by taking on the arduous journey of completing a dissertation. However, some changes in postgraduate education and the job market have led to a greater emphasis on published outputs and skills that can serve a lifetime of article writing. The PhD deserves all the prestige and rigour with which it is regarded, but these changes have left some asking whether the dissertation is the best way to drive the discipline and raise up researchers. Obtaining a PhD via the Thesis by Publication (TBP) mode is a well-established practice in the STEM fields and Medicine. In these fields, research progresses fast and needs to be disseminated speedily. Therefore, it makes sense to write articles to disseminate research and then put them together to form a thesis. With the above-mentioned changes in postgraduate education and the job market, the TBP is gaining ground in the humanities as well. What we propose in this article does not threaten the standards of the PhD. It might even better aid students in meeting them. If the desired outcomes are published outputs and research skills, then following a format that produces these outcomes during, rather than after, the completion of the PhD is advisable. In what follows we suggest that perhaps the time to tame the tome has now come. The article starts with a brief survey of the history of doctoral education and a look at the current status of the TBP. After that, approaching the issue from various angles, we discuss why the TBP is a good idea. Lastly, we also warn that the TBP should be approached with caution.

Правовой статус докторантов и научных консультантов: проблемы и возможные решения

Introduction. The article studies the issue of assessing the effectiveness of modern domestic doctoral studies through the prism of the legal status of doctoral students and scientific consultants. Taking into account the critical role of doctoral studies in the training of researchers of the highest level of qualifications who have an academic degree of Doctor of Science, as well as the current regulations and the specifics of training in doctoral studies, the totality of rights, responsibilities and guarantees provided to doctoral students and scientific consultants requires consideration and critical assessment. Materials and Methods. The use of methods of formal legal analysis, coupled with consideration of the positions of researchers on the issues of improving the system of state scientific certification, made it possible to identify a number of positions that require clarification in regulatory legal acts, or are not regulated at all, despite their high importance in creating conditions for the preparation of research in doctoral studies. Analysis. The current regulation of material guarantees ensuring the activities of doctoral students and scientific consultants is considered, and the insufficiency and uncertainty regarding certain regulations in this matter is identified. The issue of the responsibility of a scientific consultant for the dishonest performance of their duties is also touched upon, the scope of which is currently determined by the parties independently, which is subject to motivated criticism. A separate aspect of providing conditions for the implementation of research work by doctoral students is the issue of providing them with long-term leave, which is currently covered only by general regulations tied to the ten-year experience of the relevant specialist, which has been criticized in the context of the need to reduce the average age of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel. Results. The set of measures proposed by the author is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the doctoral education institute, which is an important element of the state scientific certification system, the potential of which is currently not revealed and requires development.

International Nursing doctoral education: quality matters

International Nursing doctoral education: quality matters

International Nursing doctoral education: quality matters

International Nursing doctoral education: quality matters

Ability difference or gender symbolism? An empirical research on gender differences in academic career development of doctoral graduates in China

The reform and opening-up of China have greatly improved the scale and quality of doctoral education for women. However, female doctors still face the “leaky pipeline” and the “unbreakable glass ceiling” in their development of academic careers. In this study, gender differences are investigated in doctoral graduates’ career choices, the level of educational institutions they attend, and their scientific research productivity after joining the institution. We analyzed the administrative data and scientific research publication information from ten years of doctoral graduates at a top research university in China. Results suggest that compared to their male counterparts, female doctors are more likely to pursue an academic career upon graduation, but they are also more likely to be employed in lower-level institutions as well as to publish Chinese scientific studies with lower influence and poorer quality. Moreover, gender differences in academic disciplines are heterogeneous. While academic career development for doctors in natural sciences is not gender-biased, female doctors in social sciences face the most significant challenges, and these results persist even after controlling for their scientific publications during graduate school. In other words, gender differences in academic career development are likely to result from gender symbols rather than differences in academic ability.

A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Metadiscourse—A Case Study of Physical Education Doctoral Dissertation Abstracts

A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Metadiscourse—A Case Study of Physical Education Doctoral Dissertation Abstracts

The Class of 2019: Academic Employment Prospects for Counselor Education Doctoral Graduates

The Class of 2019: Academic Employment Prospects for Counselor Education Doctoral Graduates

A Smartphone use in Medical Photography

The modern era is becoming more and more digital. The use of smartphones for taking photos is widespread in the medical field. Most often, these photos are used for patient care, but also these photographs are used for educational and teaching purposes. Through a survey carried out among our university hospital doctors (HU), we wanted to establish an inventory of current practices in terms of taking but also using and storing medical photos and/or videos. Methods Prospective cross-sectional study, carried out among 1400 HU teaching doctors affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, via a Google Forms questionnaire pre-established by the digital pedagogy committee, and sent by email through institutional mailing lists. Results We received 223 (15.9%) survey participants, divided into 52 specialties. Only 2.7% did not use their “smartphones” to take medical photos. Smartphones were used for taking photos and/or videos of patients (76.7%), medical records (70.9%), and slides, samples or radiological images (72.2%). Twenty-two percent of respondents were reluctant to use a smartphone for taking medical photos, due to the risk of loss or theft of the phone (69.2%) and a question of confidentiality and ethics (59. 3%). The taking of medical photos and/or videos was for patient care (81.6%), for educational purposes or for research (90.6%), for personal reference (39.5%), for entertainment or for social networks (0.9%). The smartphone would be the most accessible and the easiest to use (non-accessibility of a traditional camera (58.7%)). The classic camera, on the other hand, is considered the most secure. Nearly half of doctors (48.4%) stored their medical photos in a dedicated database, 21.5% with their personal photos and 42.2% on their personal computer. An inter-colleague exchange of medical photos via instant messaging on social networks in 47.3% of cases. The patient’s oral consent is always requested in 58.3% (46% however consider this to be insufficient). Written consent is obtained in 4.5%. However, 7.6% do not request any. The need to establish legal procedures for taking these photos, by establishing standardized consent forms, was mentioned by most of the responses. Conclusions The use of smartphones for taking medical photos and/or videos is widespread, easy and useful. However, consent must be detailed. Standardized procedures must be put in place to protect patients but also doctors.

Tracer Study of the Graduate Teacher Education Programs

This research aimed to comprehensively understand postgraduate programs’ knowledge, skills, contribution, and relevance. It also sought valuable insights for program enhancement. Employing a descriptive study approach, both qualitative and quantitative data were investigated. Quantitative data was analyzed through arithmetic means, while thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data assessment. Thirty-one Master of Arts in Education (M.A.Ed.) and Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) participants meeting specific criteria were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection followed a systematic process with ethical considerations at the forefront. Findings revealed that participants highly rated satisfaction, program contribution, and relevance to their teaching education. Recommendations included enhancing school site accessibility, offering flexible learning methods, improving document processing efficiency, involving students in research, expanding graduate courses, bolstering internet connectivity, and strengthening student-teacher relationships. The graduate curriculum significantly contributed to personal and professional growth, enabling competency in current roles. Consequently, the study suggests adapting graduate programs based on benchmarked best practices from state universities to fortify the graduate education program.

Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Dokter yang Dimoderasi oleh Spiritualitas

Job satisfaction is a positive emotional condition as a result of job appraisal. Spirituality possessed by a doctor is an inner condition that grows because it interprets work in his life. This study aims to examine and explain the relationship between job satisfaction and physician performance, which is moderated by spirituality. From the questionnaires that were distributed, a total of 150 respondents were obtained consisting of general practitioners (71 people), doctors with Masters degrees (65 people), specialist doctors (9 people) and doctors with Doctoral education as many as 5 people. The doctors have worked for < 5 years (63 people), 5-10 years (32 people), 10-20 years (31 people) and > 20 years (24 people). The results of the construct validity test (job satisfaction) obtained data that there were 5 valid statement indicators. While the validity of spirituality obtained 4 valid data, and on the performance, parameters obtained 6 valid performance indicators. The results of the analysis obtained data that job satisfaction has a positive significant effect on the performance of doctors (P = 0.000). Spirituality has a positive significant effect on doctors' performance with a significance level of P=0.000. However, spirituality as a moderating variable has a negative effect, which means it reduces the effect of job satisfaction on performance. The spirituality factor reduces job satisfaction. It can be logically explained that job satisfaction is not solely a determinant of performance. Spirituality reflects the vocation of dedication as a doctor who has special knowledge to help human health and humanity. Spiritually, working doctors do not pursue job satisfaction merely, but there is a spirituality of dedication that aims to help save the souls of fellow human beings.

HOW PHD STUDIES CAN BE IMPROVED IN KAZAKHSTAN IN VIEW OF ADVANCES IN DIGITIZATION AND ONLINE EDUCATION

The current era is marked by digitization, which has significantly shifted scientific research, reporting, and publishing methods. Digital technologies have emerged as powerful instruments that can substantially improve education. Since gaining independence, Kazakhstan has made significant strides in developing its higher education system, particularly in doctoral education. Despite the achievements in the level and quality of doctoral studies in Kazakhstan over the past decade, the country’s postgraduate students still need help. This review aims to assess the current situation of doctoral studies in Kazakhstan and suggest possible ways to improve postgraduate programs. To improve postgraduate programs in Kazakhstan, the country’s doctoral students must undergo additional training through online modules, webinars, lessons or seminars on research methodology and ethics to ensure scholarly performance. It is also necessary to expand advanced training courses for statistical services at universities, develop specialized seminars designed for graduate students in related fields, such as biomedicine, medical biophysics, genetic engineering, etc., and provide opportunities for retraining specialists in the field of statistics and ethics of scientific research in the workplace.

In search of a modern character of a doctor: what examples to learn from the greats? Part II

The article continues the review of the development of medical knowledge in the context of the development of the image of a doctor in history in Russian and Russian medicine. Modern theories about the role of a doctor in the future are considered, which to some extent influence the formation of examples of images of doctors in professional education.

Current Situation on Making Friends Among Tsinghua Graduate Students

Emotional friendship is an integral part of people's lives. The analysis of people's behavior of make friends can help us better understand the behavioral characteristics of a certain group. However, there is currently no relevant research on the special group of highly educated doctors students from Tsinghua University (THU). It is not clear whether this group is consistent with the general emotional friendship habits and friendship status in the society, and what characteristics are there. This study investigated 46 PhD students at Tsinghua University by means of questionnaires, including different grades, different genders, and different genders. The study found that PhD students in THU remained more positive and optimistic in the evaluation of self-state, and at the same time became more depressed in their willingness to make friends. This brought serious anxiety. The study also found that the participants prefer to make friends through offline activities rather than through targeted online activities. We will start with the questionnaire survey, analyze the problems in this area from the perspective of probability, and finally come up with some general guidelines for making friends. Finally, we can let the audience know the novel overview of Tsinghua doctors, the high-knowledge group, on the emotional aspect.

Does Education Help Local Economies Reach Economic Potential? Evidence from South Africa

It is widely understood in development circles that poverty alleviation is elusive unless local economies operate productively with limited resources and existing technology. With a high rate of poverty on the back of weak output growth at municipality level in South Africa since 1994, this background makes it necessary to establish factors that could increase the pace of economic development and help local economies produce at full capacity. Using a stochastic frontier analysis of South Africa’s 234 municipalities observed between 1995 and 2018, this paper finds postgraduate education (Masters and Doctorates) relevant in explaining the ability of these local economies to reach their full potential and the effect increases with the size of the manufacturing sector, life expectancy and trade. The stock of high school, diplomas, bachelors, and honours does not significantly contribute towards productive efficiency of these 234 municipalities reinforcing concerns of a possible structural mismatch between lower-level qualifications and the labour market demands. Consequently, moving these municipalities closer to their full potential may be achievable through ensuring that the undergraduate cohorts reach Masters, and PhD level complemented by a manufacturing-oriented structural change. Keywords: education, technical inefficiency, structural transformation, stochastic frontier model, local municipalities, South Africa

What support do international doctoral students claim they need to improve their academic writing in English?

Novice scholars from non-native English-speaking (NNES) backgrounds tend to encounter challenges in their doctoral education related to scholarly writing in English. This study investigated the support that NNES doctoral students perceive as crucial for achieving their desired proficiency in English academic writing (EAW). A survey was conducted during the 2021–2022 academic year, involving 255 NNES international doctoral students studying in 65 English medium PhD programs across Hungary. Volunteers from 49 countries, representing 48 languages, participated in the study. An analysis of their responses to an open question revealed that the majority felt a need for support in enhancing their EAW skills. Very few believed they could already produce publishable texts or that the support of their doctoral schools was sufficient. Most participants recognized specific areas where improvement was necessary and took full responsibility for their progress. Thus, findings of this study align with previous quantitative analyses involving the same participants and the conceptual metaphors they provided, emphasizing the high demand for support in developing English academic writing skills (Phyo et al, 2022a, 2022b).

Internalization of Religion-Based Character Values Through School Culture at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri of South Bengkulu

The purpose of this study is to analyze efforts of cultivation of religious values through school culture at the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) of South Bengkulu, describe the support of school culture for disseminating religious values at the MAN of South Bengkulu and identify the factors that influence the application of religion-based character values through school culture at MAN of South Bengkulu. This study uses descriptive qualitative research. The Madrasah head, student advisers, teachers, and students of MAN South Bengkulu provide the most information. This research uses interviews, observations, and documentation. Results of this study: Providing literacy to Islamic religious values, conducting value transactions, and internalising values like worship, discipline, honesty, obedience to rules, responsibility, motivation, keeping the environment clean, tolerance, democracy, togetherness, and caring for others through academic and social culture are examples of value transformation. Second, support a school culture that promotes religious-based character values like praying and trying well, being polite and kind, respecting others, honest in learning, diligent, disciplined, following school rules and teacher rules, self-motivated, and responsible. Third, teachers' active participation in school programmes, competence in their fields, trained teachers and staff with undergraduate to doctoral education, dormitory buildings, etc., influence religious character values in school culture at MAN South Bengkulu.

A Pragmatic Approach to Preparing Novice Doctoral Qualitative Researchers

Fifty percent of social science and education doctoral students in the United States fail to complete their programs. Within this context, studies addressing research methods pedagogy and qualitative methods in particular, continue to be limited. This mixed-methods case study addresses these issues by: 1) using the Ready Develop Integrate Perform (RDIP) model to frame the competency-based design and implementation of an introductory doctoral qualitative core course and its supporting learning management system; and, 2) examining effectiveness using a framework of direct and indirect assessment evidence from online and face-to-face learners. The current design scaffolds students through qualitative research methodology and methods learning and culminates with the implementation of an individually-chosen authentic research project. A sample of online and face-to-face students, representing 37% of eligible participants (n=23), reported a stronger sense of readiness for independent research and dissertation work. In addition to expanding the qualitative methods pedagogical literature and supporting the improvement of doctoral research education, this paper a competency-based design that may be implemented in any disciplinary setting. The detailed blueprint and implementation advice for university teachers makes this work relevant to a broad multidisciplinary and international audience.

Stigmas and limited opportunities of on-line and for-profit university doctorate graduates in Technology, Healthcare, and Business

Introduction:Walden, Capella, and the University of Phoenix universities generate many African-American doc-toral graduates, according to Diverse Problems in Higher Education. Problem:While these universities graduate many minority students with doctoral degrees, they contribute sig-nificantly to student loan debt. These universities are for-profit, on-line, or owned by for-profits. Because of that classification, these universities and their doctoral degrees have stigmas in higher education that may hinder African-American and other minority faculty chances at elite, state flagship, and prestigious research universities. Objective:The research aims to formulate strategies to help African-Americans be more knowledgeable about non-traditional doctoral program selection and the current stigmas of graduating with a doctorate from a to-tally on-line or for-profit university. The purpose is not to diminish the accomplishment of anyone with the intellect, courage, and talent to get a regionally accredited doctoral degree. This research intends to educate and empower African-American and other students of color in their doctoral decision-making and discuss the stigmas against doctorates from for-profit universities and totally on-line universities in the U.S. Methodology: The approach used was a content analysis of the literature and qualitative interviews using a phenomenological research approach. The purpose is not to diminish or demonize graduates and degrees from regionally accredited on-line doctorate programs offered by for-profit universities, because they have provided opportunities and access to doctoral education. The goal is to share the realities of the current stigmas of those degrees from those universities in academic communities at the most highly ranked universities. The ultimate aim would be to educate them on the importance of school choice, even if the only viable option for doctoral completion is an on-line or hybrid doctoral program. Results:Academic careers often depend on having a doctorate and the university that awards that doctorate. So, African-Americans and other students of color should investigate and choose brick-and-mortar universi-ties with on-line and hybrid doctoral programs, which are often viewed more favorably. This study offers an accurate world understanding of the challenges and stigmas of African-American doctoral graduates driven by where they pursue their doctorate degrees. Conclusion:This project seeks to change the behavior of doctoral program selection and modification practices that would make graduates more successful and favorable for full-time faculty jobs after graduation. Originality:The gap in the literature explored is the limited academic discussion about how attending and com-pleting a doctorate from one of these universities can be detrimental to African-Americans, especially if they are interested in full-time tenure-track faculty careers at non-profit research universities.Limitations:More current research is needed on the stigmas and challenges of getting a doctorate from a for-profit or totally online university. More scholarly dialogues from the literature could have enriched the study.

This Is Our Villages’ Degree: Reflections and Advice From Black First-Generation Doctoral Students

ABSTRACT While less than 6% of Black or African Americans earned doctoral degrees in 2021, Black first-generation students are graduating from doctoral programs nationwide. Although facing a series of challenges, we are creating space in the academy where little exists. Amplifying the voices of three Black first-generation scholars, this article highlights the capital and support systems we used to navigate our journey to doctoral degrees in higher education. Using song titles, we provide reflections and advice for other first-generation scholars navigating doctoral education. Although our positionalities are varied across our minoritized identities and life experiences, we contend that our collective narratives can help Black, first-generation doctoral students across any discipline, along with researchers and professionals who wish to further understand the assets and supports needed for Black, first-generation students broadly, and Black first-generation doctoral students specifically.