Introduction: In recent years, education in Indonesia has faced significant challenges in improving teachers' professional competencies. Enhancing the quality of education requires highly competent and competitive teachers. However, many teachers need to meet the expected competency standards. The lack of understanding and attention to self-development, along with issues related to performance assessment, has led to various assumptions and differing perspectives among teachers. This situation is exacerbated by the transition period of the performance assessment system, causing cultural shock among teachers. Research Methods: Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and observations. Theoretical Review: This study examines the capacity of human resources (HR) and organizations in the context of continuous professional development (CPD) in Sidoarjo Regency. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected from documents, interviews, and observations. Despite regulations supporting CPD, challenges such as the uneven distribution of civil servant teachers and changes in the performance assessment system still need to be addressed. This study recommends a development model that strengthens HR and organizational capacity through a capacity-building approach to enhance professionalism and the quality of education in Sidoarjo Regency. Result and Discussion: The study reveals that human resource (HR) and organizational capacity in the context of continuous professional development (CPD) in Sidoarjo Regency still face significant challenges. The uneven distribution of civil servant teachers and changes in the performance assessment system are the main obstacles that must be addressed. Although various regulations support CPD, their implementation has yet to be optimal. Conclusion: This study highlights the urgency of capacity building to improve professionalism and the region's education quality. The recommendations include strengthening HR and organizational capacity through continuous training and development to achieve higher educational standards in Sidoarjo Regency.