Editorial Decision Research Articles

Delegated Investment Management in Alternative Assets

Abstract Institutional investors can be segmented into investors that hold simple portfolios of traditional equities and bonds, and investors that manage complex strategies in public and private markets. Investors implementing active portfolio management and holding diversified portfolios of equities and bonds are more likely to invest in alternative asset classes. The performance of institutional investors in alternative assets is significantly lower than in equities, suggesting that investors accept lower returns in exchange for diversification benefits. Institutions delegate 90% of their alternative investments to external managers and funds-of-funds. These intermediaries capture large part of the potential diversification benefits through higher fees and lower returns. (JEL G11, G23) Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Hospital Cost for Transferred Patients With Large Vessel Occlusions Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy

Hospital Cost for Transferred Patients With Large Vessel Occlusions Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy

Archiving the Algerian Revolution in Zineb Sedira's Gardiennes d'images

Archiving the Algerian Revolution in Zineb Sedira's <i>Gardiennes d'images</i>

The Life Cycle of Dual-Class Firm Valuation

Abstract We examine U.S. dual- and single-class firms from 1980 to 2019 and document their valuation differences over their corporate life cycle. At the IPO, dual-class firms have higher mean valuations than do single-class firms, and some evidence indicates that this premium may emanate from dual-class firm founders’ unique vision and leadership skills. As firms age, the valuation premium of dual-class firms tends to dissipate, possibly because dual-class agency problems increase due to a gradual widening of the wedge (the difference between insider voting and cash flow rights) in the post-IPO years. (JEL G32, G34)

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Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy and Style Information

Editorial Policy and Style Information

Retracted: Anticancer Activity of Mukonal Against Human Laryngeal Cancer Cells Involves Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK Signalling Pathways.

An editorial decision has been made to retract this manuscript due to breach of publishing guidelines, following the identification of non-original and manipulated figures. Reference: Liu Li, Lu Huizhi, Wang Binu, Deng Xinxin, Wu Longjun, Yang Liping, Zhang Yingying. Anticancer Activity of Mukonal Against Human Laryngeal Cancer Cells Involves Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK Signalling Pathways. Med Sci Monit, 2018; 24: 7295-7302. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910702.

C&amp;EN’s Talented 12

PEOPLE C&EN’s Talented 12Sharpen a pencil. Grab a blank piece of paper. You’re going to want to take notes, because these dozen chemists are changing the world ShareShare onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail C&EN, 2022, 100 (25), pp 20–21July 18, 2022Cite this:C&EN 100, 25, 20-21(Credit: Tim Peacock)Figure1of1Meet the Talented 12 class of 2022. These early-career researchers are using chemistry to make the world a better place. They’re building better batteries, transforming pollution into products, and deciphering the human genome, to name just a few of their ambitious projects.To create this list of superstar scientists, we consulted our staff and Talented 12 alumni. But most of the more than 400 nominees this year came from you, C&EN’s readers, who took the time to tell us about exciting early-career chemists and their world-changing work. Learning about these visionary scientists is always inspiring—it’s tough to choose only a dozen to make the final list. We think this year’s 12 will impress you with all they’ve accomplished and the noteworthy work they have planned for the future. ContributorsEditorial lead: Bethany HalfordProject manager: Arminda Downey-MavromatisWriters: Celia Henry Arnaud, Matt Blois, Leigh Krietsch Boerner, Katherine Bourzac, Bethany Halford, Laura Howes, Mitch Jacoby, Sam Lemonick, Mark Peplow, and Ariana RemmelEditors: Bethany Halford and Michael TorriceCreative director: Robert BrysonArt director: William A. LudwigUI/UX director: Kay YounWeb producers: Luis A. Carrillo, Ty A. Finocchiaro, and Jennifer MullerGraphics editor: Yang H. KuIllustrator:Tim PeacockProduction editors: Brianna Barbu, Jonathan Forney, Raadhia Patwary, and Marsha-Ann WatsonCopyeditor: Sabrina J. AshwellEngagement editors: Arminda Downey-Mavromatis and Dorea I. Reeser More onlineNominate next year’s Talented 12 at cenm.ag/2023t12. About funding and supportC&EN editorial staff produced this feature with funding from Thermo Fisher Scientific, which did not influence any editorial decisions.

Cardiospace: a novel visionary journal in the cardiovascular space

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death. In recent years, with advances in molecular biology, model animal, bioengineering and data science, the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease has gradually been unveiled, and on top of this, it is even more exciting to see the emergence of potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. For instance, the pig-to-human heart transplant is a milestone for the treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure; introduction of PCSK9 inhibitors is considered to be revolutionary for myocardial infarction therapy. With great joy and excitement, we have launched a new journal, Cardiospace, which is a bilingual publishing platform for high-quality original manuscripts covering original basic and clinical research on all aspects of cardiovascular medicine. Cardiospace is a powerful vehicle for researchers to discover and disseminate sound, novel scientific evidence to advance visionary research on personalized care. Cardiospace also features fast and high-quality peer reviews and editorial decisions. Almost all major journals that accept papers covering original research on cardiovascular diseases often have long cycles for peer review and publication, but our goal is to enable researchers to publish rapidly and have open access to their accepted manuscripts. To the best of our knowledge, Cardiospace is the first bilingual journal to publish articles in both English and Chinese. We hope that this bilingual publishing platform can allow broader dissemination of the findings and make these original and inspiring works accessible to readers. Cardiospace is an international peer-reviewed open-access journal covering the latest research findings and therapeutical approaches for the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Topics include, but are not limited to, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, vascular disease, systemic hypertension, arrhythmia, preventive cardiology, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, and new diagnostic techniques. This journal accepts original manuscripts such as articles, reviews, case reports, editorials and short communications. There are no restrictions on the length of the paper and the total number of the figures and tables. As the Co-Editor-in-Chief, I am grateful to Associate Professor Eliano Pio Navarese and other editorial board members for their willingness to work together for the development of this journal. Together with other editors, we will spare no effort to process all manuscripts rapidly and fairly. Cardiospace aims to be a leading publishing platform worldwide. We are hopeful that this journal will contribute to advancing cardiovascular science and developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular disease.

Thinking Onto the Box: The Photographer’s Archive as Instrument

Studies of photographic archives have tended to follow two distinct models: analyses of institutional archives as systems of knowledge and power, or close readings of objects informed by theories of material culture. Art historical research, in contrast, also seeks to determine intentional meanings behind images or artefacts. The archive of a photographer can thus be approached along three different angles: as a system for filing images and their meanings; as a collection of material objects; finally, as traces of use that correspond to specific intentional acts by the artist directed towards the production of artworks. In an art historical context, the archive can be read as a means towards an end. This paper presents a case study of Canadian photographer John Max (1936-2011) and his use of the archive to produce the landmark sequence Open Passport (exhibited 1972; published 1973). Using both documentary and material evidence shows how John Max’s photographic artworks are specified through a process of materially realized editorial decisions more than by the moment of exposure. These decisions in turn are mediated by material features of the archive, such as traces of previous choices on contact sheets. Finally, this mediating role of the archive is also socialized, integrating both collaborators and existing ideas, pointing at the necessity of a networked narrative in monographic studies of photographers.

Case report papers guidelines: Recommendations for the reporting of case studies or action research in Business Management

Objective: To provide a working guide which facilitates the accuracy, transparency, and usefulness for academics and practitioners of case report papers as an article type which are fit for publishing in impact journals. In this way, we aim to increase the use and dissemination of recommendations in aid of the writing and publication of case study and action research. Theoretical framework: A case report paper presents a story in narrative form and includes current individual or organisational concerns, situational diagnoses, interventions, outcomes including adverse events, and follow-up. The narrative should include a discussion of the rationale for any conclusions and lessons learned. Method: We analysed the prevalence of these type of articles in publications as indexed in Web of Science (WOS) and in Scopus; we explain how we customised the case report guidelines (CAse REport or CARE) to optimise them for the scientific field of Management focussing particularly on Operations Management and Human Resources Management. We shared for discussion and feedback the adapted proposal among a group of academics and professionals in the field of Management. Outcomes/Implications: Robust reporting guidelines help to improve research performance, reduce bias risk, provide information on the implementation of management practices, support the training of management professionals, and enable informed editorial decisions by journal editors and reviewers.

Spleen tyrosine kinase mediates innate and adaptive immune crosstalk in SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination

Durable cell‐mediated immune responses require efficient innate immune signaling and the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. How precisely mRNA vaccines trigger innate immune cells for shaping antigen specific adaptive immunity remains unknown. Here, we show that SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination primes human monocyte‐derived macrophages for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Spike protein exposed macrophages undergo NLRP3‐driven pyroptotic cell death and subsequently secrete mature interleukin‐1β. These effects depend on activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) coupled to C‐type lectin receptors. Using autologous cocultures, we show that SYK and NLRP3 orchestrate macrophage‐driven activation of effector memory T cells. Furthermore, vaccination‐induced macrophage priming can be enhanced with repetitive antigen exposure providing a rationale for prime‐boost concepts to augment innate immune signaling in SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. Collectively, these findings identify SYK as a regulatory node capable of differentiating between primed and unprimed macrophages, which modulate spike protein‐specific T cell responses.

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Editorial Policy

The New Calling

The New Calling

A Closer Look at the Effects of Equity Market Liberalization in Emerging Markets

Abstract Earlier studies have linked equity market liberalization to growth in emerging markets. Some conclude liberalization causes growth, whereas others contend contemporaneous economic policies and conditions play important roles. The causal argument contends that foreigner investability in public firms leads to lower discount rates and greater share issuance, investment, and efficiency. Using three separate measures of foreign investability, we do not find these effects. Moreover, common de jure foreigner-investability measures are poor de facto measures. Economic indicators, not directly influenced by equity market liberalization, also grow faster in countries with more investable firms. Our findings suggest foreigner investability cannot fully explain the equity-market-liberalization-growth relation. (JEL F30, F38, G30, G24, G15)

The AMSTAR‐2 critical appraisal tool and editorial decision‐making for systematic reviews: Retrospective, bibliometric study

AbstractAMSTAR‐2 is a critical appraisal instrument for systematic reviews and may have a role in editorial processes. This study explored whether associations exist between AMSTAR‐2 assessments and editorial decisions. A retrospective, cross‐sectional study of manuscripts submitted to a single journal between 2015 and 2017 was undertaken. All submissions that reported an eligible systematic review were assessed using AMSTAR‐2 by two assessors. Inter‐rater agreement (IRR) was calculated for all AMSTAR‐2 items. Associations between AMSTAR‐2 assessments and the editorial decision, final publication status in any journal, and measures of impact were explored. One hundred and twenty‐two manuscripts were included. Across all AMSTAR‐2 items, the IRR varied from 0.03 (slight agreement) to 0.82 (substantial agreement). All submissions contained at least two critical methodological weaknesses. There was no difference in the number of weaknesses (median: 4; IQR: 3–5 vs. median: 4; IQR: 3.5–4.5; p = 0.482) between accepted and rejected submissions. Neither was there a difference between rejected submissions published elsewhere and those which remained unpublished (median: 4; IQR: 3.5–4.5 vs. median: 4; IQR: 4.5–5; p = 0.103). The number of weaknesses was not associated with academic impact. There was no association with AMSTAR‐2 assessments and editorial outcomes. Further work is required to explore whether the instrument can be prospectively operationalized for use during editorial processes.

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Keys for successful publication in Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis: A STROBE analysis of peer reviews of articles submitted in 2020–2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate reviewing and editorial decision for articles submitted to the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Diseases. Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was made of reviewers’ comments on 1,133 scientific articles (700 original articles, 96 literature reviews, and 337 case reports), originating from 69 countries, consecutively submitted on-line between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2021. The main objective was to document the acceptance rate and decision time. Accessory objectives were to synthesize the main comments and to screen for correlations between acceptance and the main characteristics of first authors, articles and reviewers’ comments. ResultsIn total, 4.1% of submitted articles were accepted. Median decision time differed significantly (P<0.0001), at 1 month in case of refusal and 4 months in case of acceptance. Reviewers mentioned failure to adhere to the journal's authors’ guide, to use the appropriate EQUATOR guidelines and to adopt the recommended P<0.005 significance threshold in 94.8%, 54.2%, and 39.9% of cases, respectively. On multivariate analysis, 3 variables significantly impacted acceptance, which increased from 1.3% to 44.6% (P<0.0001) when an appropriate EQUATOR guideline was used and from 0.3% to 57.4% (P<0.0001) when the significance threshold was set at P<0.005, and decreased from 10.5% to 1.1% (P=0.0001) when the article did not originate from a French-speaking country (member of the Francophonie organization). ConclusionAdhesion to modern scientific medical writing rules increased acceptance rates for articles in the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Diseases. Teaching modern scientific medical writing needs to be enhanced in otorhinolaryngology.

Shielding Democracy: Foreign Correspondent Coverage Of The 1981 Military Coup Attempt In Spain In The Economist, Time And Newsweek

The role of the international press as an external contributing agent to the consolidation of democratic regime change within emerging democracies is a growing research area within the field of media history and political communication. Within the context of these press/power dynamics, this article analyses the intense coverage made by the influential transatlantic weekly magazines, Time, Newsweek and The Economist of the attempted military coup in Spain in February 1981. It argues that all three publications made editorial decisions and employed narrative strategies –based on contempt for the foiled military uprising, acritical elevation of the young King and the consensual projection of democratic consolidation in the country- in an indirect but strategic contribution to the defence of the institutional stability of a country emerging from 40 years of dictatorship and whose destiny was crucial to wider Cold War geopolitical considerations in the southern Mediterranean at the time.