Editorial Texts Research Articles

Critical Discourse on Press Contribution to NTT Good Local Governance

The contribution of local media in articulating its control function to restore people’s rights and encourage the implementation of good local governance cannot be separated from the professionalism and critical support of the media crew. This is because the relationship between local media and regional authorities is still prone to conflict, complex, and bound by certain emotional-cultural aspects. Using critical discourse analysis, this study examines specifically the editorial texts of two local mainstream newspapers, Flores Pos and Pos Kupang, related to some strategic issues, especially corruption issues, within the Provincial Government of NTT. The study found that the reality of local media can be co-opted by the interests of media owners and local governments. It also confirms that local media are not absolutely neutral or interest-free. The neutrality of local mass media is also influenced by the dominance of media owners who have power relations with regional authorities.

The Practice of Data-Driven Journalism in Brazil: Between Disruption and the Reinstatement of Professional Values

This article presents an analysis of metadiscourses used by professionals and institutions that practice data-driven journalism (DDJ) in Brazil. It aims to understand how they define this practice and seek autonomy within the journalistic field. We conducted an argumentative analysis of editorial texts from 15 news outlets and carried out in-depth interviews with 33 professionals in the field, which allowed us to identify three prevalent metadiscourses: (1) cyberactivism; (2) reinforcing traditional journalistic values; and (3) authority. Using boundary-work as a theoretical basis for the analyses we discovered that all the discourses in these self-referential texts expressed some degree of disruption in DDJ, especially regarding data and its ability to reshape the concept of news transparency and introduce the values and practices of hacktivism in journalism. These discourses also reinforce elements of continuity and suggest a conservative restoration of production routines, values, and conventions in journalism without changing the basic ideology of the profession. Added to highlighting the flexibility and demarcation of this profession’s boundaries, this article also identifies the repertoires and identities mobilized in these processes that give Brazilian data journalism a higher profile.

ANALYSIS OF EDITORIAL TEXT TEACHING MATERIALS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' WRITING SKILLS

This study is to analyze the editorial text teaching materials used by teachers in schools. In addition, to determine the ability of students in compiling editorial texts. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 5 teachers as experts and users of teaching materials in textbooks. There were 98 students as respondents to find out the ability to write editorial texts and the benefits of using textbooks as a learning guide. Based on the results of the study, it was explained that 80% of teachers use textbooks in each lesson because they greatly help students' understanding. The use of reading texts in textbooks 60% of teachers said they were less contextual or in accordance with the needs of students. The order of the percentage of input from the teacher towards editorial text teaching materials in the textbook is 80% in the presentation, 80% of the content of the material, 60% of the reading text, 40% of the design and 20% of the mechanical elements. The results of the research from students stated that editorial text teaching materials helped student learning. The presentation of teaching materials from textbooks greatly affects students' understanding and ability to write editorial texts. From the results of the students' editorial text writing, 20% were able to compose it well, 30% of students could compile a text only needed to be guided first by the teacher, and 50% of students had not been able to compile an editorial text because they were confused with the chosen idea and the development of the writing.

Judgement Modality In The Editorials Of The Epoch Times Newspaper

The purpose of this study was to determine the type of epistemic modality most frequently used and also to determine the speaker's attitude towards his editorial. The level of editorial confidence in the written editorial can be seen by looking at the use of verb modals which is epistemic modality. The writer assesses modality based on qualitatif method to describe the speaker’s attitude and quantitative to determine the type of modality that is the most often used. The data collection procedure was sourced from newspaper and used 43 editorial texts as the research sample. The results of this study found that the type of epistemic modality most often used was the assumptive type which reached 61,8%. The second is the speculative type with a percentage of 26,4%. The third is deductive type with a percentage of 8,9%. And the fourth is concessive type with a percentage of 2,9%. Apart from that, this study also found that the speaker's attitude was doubtful about his proposition when based only on possible conclusions. The speaker's attitude is confident in his proposition when it is based on a sound conclusion. The speaker's attitude of being confident and believing what is necessity to do is based on the only possible conclusion. And the speaker predicts something to be true when the speaker has evidence that contrasts with the proposition.

Discourse Markers in Selected English Editorials: A Communicative Aspect Between Text Producers and Receivers

Discourse markers (DMs) are those elements which show the writer’s linguistic and rhetorical manifestation for the information that used in the text. The aim of this paper is to show the importance of discourse markers (DMs) in editorial texts of two English newspapers, the Guardian and the New York Times. To fulfill the goals of the  study, the function of these DMs in editorials will be analyzed according to their qualitative contributions. The results and findings of this research show that the function of these DMs are different. A great variety of occurrence of DMs can be seen between textual and interpersonal genres.  Interpersonal DMs achieve certain goals or roles in the study. This leads to a conclusion that though the function of DMs is different, a similar aspect in which how text producers try to instruct their readers in a way that their attitudes and discourses can be easily understood   leads to fulfill the tenor of  communication.

Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia dengan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Examples non Examples

This study aims to improve the activities and learning outcomes of Indonesian language writing materials for students of class XII IPA 6 MAN 2 Kota Bima through the example non example learning model. The subjects of this study were students of class XII IPA 6 MAN 2 Kota Bima. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques by presenting original data in the form of field notes, observation sheets, assessment sheets for writing editorial texts, and photos of activities. The results of the research obtained are learning to write editorial texts has increased significantly. Before being subjected to action, students are still not active during learning activities. After being subjected to action, students become active during the teaching and learning process. As for the learning outcomes, the first cycle of student learning outcomes was 90.6% and in the second cycle the completeness reached 100%. Product skills have also improved. Before being subjected to action, the average value of the class was 48.3%, in the first cycle it was 59.4% and in the second cycle it increased to 81.3%. In conclusion, the application of the example non-example learning model can improve activities and learning outcomes of Indonesian language writing materials for editorial texts for class XII IPA 6 MAN 2 Kota Bima in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year.
 
 Keywords: Activity, Non Example, Learning Outcomes

The structure, production routines, and political functions of editorials in contemporary journalism

ABSTRACT The manuscript proposes a theoretical overview of editorial journalism in the contemporary media landscape by addressing aspects ranging from definitions to its alleged political effects. We also discuss the characteristics and routines driving the production of editorial texts in different journalistic cultures – a topic less considered in current research. At first, the manuscript explains how the division between news and opinion contributed to journalism’s emergence as a social field – a debate that deserves more attention since the scholarship has traditionally put opinionated journalism in the background. We then highlight the typical structure of editorial pieces, as well as the procedures and criteria generally considered in their construction. Next, the article analyzes the relationship between editorial journalism and the political arena. Finally, we reflect on the relevance of the media’s opinions in a digital environment. In addition to updating the debate on editorial journalism, the manuscript is relevant as historical and conceptual support to journalists’ training.

REALIZATIONS OF PROJECTION IN NEWS STORY AND EDITORIAL TEXTS

ABSTRACTThis research deals with projection that is used in news story and editorial texts. Projection is well defined as representation of a linguistic experience in another linguistic experience. Projection is equivalent to direct and indirect or reported speech in traditional or formal grammar. As projection is an element of the logical function, it is realized as a clause complex, where there are at least two clauses. With reference to some theories, projection is also potentially realized in the form of single clause and phrase. The aim of this research is to describe similarities and differences with reference to the realizations of projection used in the news story and editorial texts. This research is conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data of this research are clause complexes containing projection in news story and editorial texts of Indonesian newspapers. The sources of data are taken from news story and editorial texts of four newspaper publications, namely the daily Kompas, Republika, Waspada and Sinar Indonesia Baru (SIB). The four daily newspapers are assumed to represent national and provincial or local newspapers. Each of the newspapers is represented by seven headlines for news story texts and seven leading articles for editorial texts. The data are analyzed by using interactive model in which the clause complexes are analyzed with reference to systemic functional linguistic (SFL) theory about projection. The findings indicate that there are similarities and diffrences with reference to the realizations of projetion in the news story and editorial texts of Indonesian newspapers. Keywords: Projection, News Story, Editorial, Newspaper, Systemic Functional Linguistic

Carnistic Colonialism: A Rhetorical Dissection of “Bushmeat” in the 2014 Ebola Outbreak

This article argues that a fusion of critical animal studies and postcolonial critique affords food systems scholars a richer understanding of Western media narratives regarding a “bushmeat problem” during the 2014 Ebola outbreak. To do so, I perform a rhetorical analysis of expert, journalistic, and editorial texts disseminated through outlets with high economic and/or social capital in North American and Western European countries. My analysis demonstrates three overarching themes in these texts regarding the intersections of bushmeat and Ebola, which I describe as: 1) biosecurity; 2) conservation; and 3) development. By invoking an ethic of anti-speciesism and decoloniality, I not only demonstrate the colonial logics at play in the 2014 Ebola outbreak, but also name an insidious ideology fundamental to food systems discourse in postcolonial contexts: carnistic colonialism.

Introduction

It started with curiosity: The name of the French philosopher seemed to pop up here and there, while we were working on dissertations and postdoc-projects. Not just, as we already knew, in the works of the French philosophers Gilles Deleuze, Bernard Stiegler and German media historians like Bernhard Siegert and Erich Hörl, but also in books and articles by John Durham Peters, Elisabeth Grosz and Yuk Hui. Simondon seemed to be relevant when discussing the question of technology in the Anthropocene, digging into neo-cybernetic trends within critical theory, understanding New Materialism and challenging AI-philosophy. What was it about this French philosopher that could inspire so many different thinkers and fields of thoughts?
 We soon realized that we did not know very many people who had worked with the ideas of Simondon, and thus, set forth to produce some texts on him. With this issue, we do not intend to give a comprehensive introduction to Simondon’s philosophy. What we hope to do, is to offer a handful of reflections upon how to use Simondon today.
 We do this by publishing an article on the politics of problems in the thinking of Simondon and Gilles Deleuze, written by Stefano Daechsel and a three-part interview on Simondon’s oeuvre with Yale-professors Gary Tomlinson, John Durham Peters and Paul North, conducted by Johan Fredrikzon. In addition, we have pieced together a few editorial texts: An overview of interesting articles and books on Simondon that we came across as we edited this volume, and a brief vocabulary of Simondonian thought.
 The article and interview provide several answers to the question why Simondon is a relevant thinker today. Gary Tomlinson argues that Simondon offers key insights to evolutionary studies: He is able to bridge the gap between cultural and evolutionary biology. This is due to the Simondonian understanding of culture, Tomlinson argues, as something that arises in evolution and also shapes it. ”We were toolmakers before we were human”, as Tomlinson writes in the article ”Semiotic Epicycles and Emergent Thresholds in Human Evolution” (Glass-bead.org, 2017), which he quotes in the interview.
 Furthermore, Simondon flirts with what John Durham Peters calls neo-Thomism, a view of the history of technology that is not transcendental, nor teleologically determined or based on an idea of progress, but that is nevertheless intelligible. As John Durham Peters says in his interview: ”Thomism gives you a potential of the world as an intelligible totality, much like James Joyce in Finnegan's Wake: a vision of the world as a knowable whole.” Simondon’s philosophy according to Durham Peters is ”Aristotelian in the sense that nature has a structure which in some ways corresponds to the structure of understanding (…), the processes by which nature works and the processes by which technology works are analogous”.
 Most importantly, Simondon identifies possible strategies for resistance. Studying technology is necessary for us to act as political individuals, Stefano Daechsel argues in his article on Simondon and Deleuze. ”[T]here is an urgency to Simondon’s call for a technical culture that would foster a ‘genuine awareness of technical realities (…)’, such an awareness of technology ‘possesses political and social value’.” We need to delve into the technical realities, not in order to liberate ourselves from technology, but in order to modify and gain some kind of agency as technological beings. With reference to Robert de Niro’s character in Terry Gilliam’s film Brazil (1985), Paul North also reflects upon the agency of the individual through the figure of the tinkerer: ”The kind of freedom where you can do anything, like ex nihilo creation. Simondon wants nothing to do with that. It is the middle person, the one who can take an invention and actually make it into a form of life, bring it in line with the milieu and allow each to change the other, that is interesting for Simondon.”
 Toward the end of the interview, North claims philosophy of technology today is looking for new resources in order to comprehend the world we live in. Mazzilli-Daechsel begins his article by stating that we need a way out of our politics of defeatism today. Simondon is a useful source to go to, in both regards. We hope this volume demonstrates that.
 In addition to the section on Simondon, this issue of Sensorium Journal features two reviews, on the recent complete transcript of the Macy Conferences edited by Claus Pias and two books in the series “Understanding Media Ecology”. We hope you enjoy your reading!

The Effectiveness of Writing Editorial Texts Learning with the Plural Partner Model A-21 Based on Vocation

Editorial text writing skills involve the students’ abilities to collect references based on experience. Collaboration, communication, and critical and creative thinking activities are indispensable for learning in the 21st century. Plural Partner Model A-21 is used in learning activities to write editorial texts. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of learning to write editorial texts using the Plural Partner A-21 model based on the specialization of vocational students. The research design used was quasi-experimental with a population of XII grade students of SMK in the 2019/2020 academic year. Data collection techniques using test and non-test techniques. The test technique was carried out by measuring the skills of students in writing editorial texts, while the non-test technique was carried out by using questionnaire sheets, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the T-test and analysis of variance (Anova). The results prove that the use of the Plural Partner A-21 model is effective in learning editorial text writing skills based on the specialization of vocational students. Research benefits provide theoretical and practical advantages. Theoretically, this study can enrich the theory of learning to write editorial texts using a combination of the Plural Partner model with 21st century learning skills. The importance of this research for educators to increase the sense of responsibility for the quality of education in an era of disruption.

ANALISIS KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA PADA TAJUK RENCANA HARIAN SUARA MERDEKA DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR MENULIS TEKS EDITORIAL SISWA KELAS XII SMA

<p><em>The purpose of this research are to describe and explain: (1) compliance with modesty and politeness infringement on editorial Suara Merdeka daily; (2) the function of politeness in Suara Merdeka daily editorials; (3) the relevance of politeness in Suara Merdeka daily editorial resource as text editorial writing class XII student in high school. This research is a qualitative descriptive by using content analysis method. The data used in this study of the document, namely Suara Merdeka daily editorial and informants. Technique intake of study subjects using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used, namely the study of the content and interviews with informants. Test the validity of the data using triangulation theory and triangulation of data sources. Data were analyzed using flow model analysis techniques Miles and Huberman. The result show that (1) compliance politeness of the most prevalent is the sympathy maxim, while the least was found is the maxim of simplicity. On offense politeness most common is the maxim of the award, while the least was found is the maxim of agreement; (2) the function of politeness most common is the function stated, while that is not found at all is a function of apology; (3) analysis of politeness in Suara Merdeka daily editorial relevant if used as teaching material writing editorial texts for 12<sup>th</sup> grade students of senior high school.</em></p>

ANALISIS APPRAISAL TEKS EDITORIAL PANGUDARASA DALAM MAJALAH PANJEBAR SEMANGAT

This article explores Pangudarasa’s editorial texts in the Panjebar Semangat magazine by using a systemic theory of functional linguistics particularly an appraisal analysis of texts. The objectives of this research are (1) to identify the appraisal tools in Pangudarasa’s editorial texts in a Javanese magazine called Panjebar Semangat, and (2) to describe the perceptions of Pangudarasa’s editorial text writers in the Panjebar Semangat magazine. This descriptive qualitative research used a qualitative method along with a content analysis platform. The data pertaining to words, phrases, clauses, and sentences coincided with appraisal tools. The data source was derived from the Panjebar Semangat magazine, which was published on December 21, 2019 entitled Kasus Garuda, Wanci Kang Pas Kanggo Ngresiki BUMN. The data analysis used a method of referential matching tools to determine a phenomenon beyond the language. The results of data analysis show that (1) appraisal tools in the editorial texts of Pangudarasa in the Panjebar Semangat magazine dominantly present appreciation (42.55%), judgment (36.17%) and affect (21.28%), and (2) the pattern of writers' perceptions to support the Minister Erick Thohir's decision in handling the Garuda Airlines case. This support is reinforced by the use of language functions to influence others by assessing a case directly and authors of editorial texts have a tendency to tell sensitive things or issues mainly concerned with events in the community.

Medium jako remedium. Retoryka początku w polskiej prasie XX i XXI wieku

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie tekstów odredakcyjnych, zamieszczonych w pierwszych numerach nowo powstałych gazet i czasopism. Koncentracja na retoryce początku w polskiej prasie XX i XXI wieku pozwala wyodrębnić kilka zasadniczych mechanizmów, które porządkują przeanalizowany materiał. Niezależnie od czasu, w którym pojawia się tytuł, proponowanej tematyki czy założonej periodyczności, retoryka prasowego rozpoczynania bazuje na obietnicy poprawy sytuacji. Istotą proponowanych narracji, zawartych w pierwszych tekstach odredakcyjnych, jest rama interpretacyjna: medium stanowi remedium na bolączki czasu, w którym powstaje.

Konsistensi Struktur Argument by Commitment dalam Editorial Harian Bisnis Indonesia: Perspektif Douglas Walton

Consistency is very essential in writing editorial rubrics because it shows commitments of the author and his institution. Author and media institution who have high commitments in writing editorial argumentation can increase the level of readers' confidence toward the content of editorials. This research is intended to optimize the consistency of the construction of argument by commitment in Bisnis Indonesia editorials. Data collection methods used were documentation and interview methods. The research data were in the form of editorial texts containing arguments. The data analysis method used was the qualitative data analysis. Besides, the content analysis method was also applied. The research result showed that there were inconsistencies of arguments by commitment used in the editorials. The inconsistencies occured because a deep understanding of the concept of argument by commitment in writing editorials has not been understood well by editorial writers. Therefore, the steps of optimizing the consistency of argument by commitment must be done as follows: (1) understanding the concept of argument by commitment, (2) designing an argument by commitment scheme, and (3) asking critical questions.

DNA methylation in human sperm: a systematic review.

Studies in non-human mammals suggest that environmental factors can influence spermatozoal DNA methylation, and some research suggests that spermatozoal DNA methylation is also implicated in conditions such as subfertility and imprinting disorders in the offspring. Together with an increased availability of cost-effective methods of interrogating DNA methylation, this premise has led to an increasing number of studies investigating the DNA methylation landscape of human spermatozoa. However, how the human spermatozoal DNA methylome is influenced by environmental factors is still unclear, as is the role of human spermatozoal DNA methylation in subfertility and in influencing offspring health. The aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise the quality of the current body of literature on DNA methylation in human spermatozoa, summarize current knowledge and generate recommendations for future research. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases was conducted using the search terms 'semen' OR 'sperm' AND 'DNA methylation'. Publications from 1 January 2003 to 2 March 2020 that studied human sperm and were written in English were included. Studies that used sperm DNA methylation to develop methodologies or forensically identify semen were excluded, as were reviews, commentaries, meta-analyses or editorial texts. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria were used to objectively evaluate quality of evidence in each included publication. The search identified 446 records, of which 135 were included in the systematic review. These 135 studies were divided into three groups according to area of research; 56 studies investigated the influence of spermatozoal DNA methylation on male fertility and abnormal semen parameters, 20 studies investigated spermatozoal DNA methylation in pregnancy outcomes including offspring health and 59 studies assessed the influence of environmental factors on spermatozoal DNA methylation. Findings from studies that scored as 'high' and 'moderate' quality of evidence according to GRADE criteria were summarized. We found that male subfertility and abnormal semen parameters, in particular oligozoospermia, appear to be associated with abnormal spermatozoal DNA methylation of imprinted regions. However, no specific DNA methylation signature of either subfertility or abnormal semen parameters has been convincingly replicated in genome-scale, unbiased analyses. Furthermore, although findings require independent replication, current evidence suggests that the spermatozoal DNA methylome is influenced by cigarette smoking, advanced age and environmental pollutants. Importantly however, from a clinical point of view, there is no convincing evidence that changes in spermatozoal DNA methylation influence pregnancy outcomes or offspring health. Although it appears that the human sperm DNA methylome can be influenced by certain environmental and physiological traits, no findings have been robustly replicated between studies. We have generated a set of recommendations that would enhance the reliability and robustness of findings of future analyses of the human sperm methylome. Such studies will likely require multicentre collaborations to reach appropriate sample sizes, and should incorporate phenotype data in more complex statistical models.

Investigating the Use of Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Tempo Editorial

Editorial texts provide opinions to influence publics toward actual issues in society. The opinions contain critics served in suitable dictions and argumentations to access wider comprehension toward reality. This research aims to investigate frequency of modal auxiliary verbs in Tempo editorial and the meaning of the frequency. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data is collected from online Tempo editorial text with the similar national issue. The researcher only chooses 9 texts in November 2019. The result consists of 104 data that is divided into three major types of modal auxiliary verb function, namely prediction, necessity, and probability. Keywords : Modal Auxiliary Verb, Editorial, Prediction, Necessity, Probability

Estimating Ideal Points of Newspapers from Editorial Texts

Although measuring the ideal points of news media is essential for testing political communication theories based on spatial theory, prior methods of estimating ideal points of media outlets have various shortcomings, including high cost in terms of time and human resources and low applicability to different countries. We propose that unsupervised machine learning techniques for text data, specifically the combination of a text scaling method and latent topic modeling, can be applied to estimate ideal points of media outlets. We applied our proposed methods to editorial texts of ten national and regional newspapers in Japan, where prior approaches are not applicable because newspapers have never officially endorsed particular parties or candidates, and because high-quality training data for supervised learning are not available. Our two studies, one of which analyzed editorials on a single typically ideological topic while the other investigated all editorials published by the target papers in one year, confirmed the popular view of Japanese newspapers’ ideological slant, which validates the effectiveness of our proposed approach. We also illustrate that our methods allow scholars to investigate which issues are closely related to the respective ideological positions of media outlets. Furthermore, we use the estimated ideal points of newspapers to show that Japanese people partially tend to read ideologically like-minded newspapers and follow such newspapers’ Twitter accounts even though their slant is not explicit.

“Dogs Don’t Vote”: Diatribe and Animality in Peroratas, by Fernando Vallejo

This article focuses on the animal rights diatribes included by Fernando Vallejo in Peroratas (2013), a volume that contains speeches and editorial texts published in both Spain and Latin America. On the one hand, the article analyses to what end he directs his diatribes. On the other, it proposes a reading in which Vallejo’s animal rights tirades are distanced from the dialogic will that characterises the diatribe and instead conform to a style of attack and deprecation. In fact, his drawn-out speeches demand not legislation that attends to a dignified life, but a transposition that takes rights from humans and grants them to wild and domestic animals. While they may well be read from a perspective that exclusively privileges animal rights, I propose to read Vallejo’s diatribes with an eye towards a cynical vocation – with important ironic elements – derived from their regionalist filiation. More broadly, I begin with an eye to the way in which they oppose ‘positive thinking’ and indirectly question the ethic of happiness that rules in certain cultural discourses.

Problematising the restoration of trust through transparency: Focusing on quoting

Transparency is seen as a panacea for a major problem facing journalism and journalists today, that is, the loss of trust and credibility. However, the scholarly literature has focused primarily on normative considerations, without providing much empirical data that could confirm what are widely assumed to be the positive effects of transparency. In this paper, I argue, first, that editorial texts, in their various manifestations, are the most potent of the various established means of displaying transparency for opening up the production of news item. However, I then draw on my linguistic, process-focused research on quoting and highlight challenges this process creates for the use of editorial texts in the pursuit of transparency. It turns out that conveying the essentials of decision-making that occurs during newswriting requires profound understanding and awareness of the interplay between modalities, co-texts and contexts of language use. Finally, implementing the norm of transparency has allegedly led to the transformation of a well-intentioned goal into an institutional myth, leading journalists – constrained, for example, by the mechanism of impression management – to disclose only socially acceptable practices. Therefore, I conclude by arguing for transdisciplinary research in which scholars research ‘on, for and with’ (Perrin, 2018) other stakeholders in order to bring about a fundamental change in the culture of transparency in journalism.