Editing Projects Research Articles

Towards a Digital Edition of the Medieval High German Transmission of the 'Vierde Partie' of the 'Spiegel Historiael': Poster Dh Ss Leuven 2013

This poster discusses the possibilities of a digital edition of the medieval transmission of the High German prose translation of the Middle Dutch ‘Vierde Partie’ of the Spiegel Historiael. Main objective of this edition project is to provide international research with a diplomatic edition of the medieval High German sources that contain the ‘Vierde Partie’ encoded in TEI-conformant XML. The web interface of the edition will offer the text of each source separately and allow to show variant readings. This material will be available Open Access as downloads (PDF, XML) to stimulate further research. Additional desirable features like facsimiles, a reading text, or a translation, are discussed under the aspect of added value vs. resources.

The Historical Birth of the First Historical–Critical Edition of Marx–Engels-Gesamtausgabe

David Ryazanov was the founder and leader of the Marx–Engels-Gesamtausgabe project, the first historical–critical, academic and complete edition of the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Although Ryazanov began with the editing and publishing activities of the MEGA project after the October Revolution, nevertheless, he had been working with the editing, publishing and researching the literary legacy of Marx and Engels already in his pre-MEGA period. With the editing and publishing projects of The Eastern Question and Document Book of the First International, Ryazanov acquired not only general and detailed knowledge concerning the literary legacy of Marx and Engels, which was at the time totally unknown to the world, but also rich experience in editing and publishing the manuscripts of Marx and Engels. Hence he enjoyed great fame in the field of Marxist Studies. Because of this, Ryazanov made himself the best choice for Lenin as the first director of the Marx–Engels Institute, and later led the great undertaking of the editing and publication of MEGA.

Digital Scholarship for the New Tinctoris Edition

A project to create a new complete digital edition of Tinctoris’s theoretical works, funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council, represents one of the most technically ambitious music theory editing projects of recent years. Multiple views of each treatise will be available, including translations and commentary, through an interactive webpage, printable documents and through open, standardized, machine-accessible formats. This article describes some of the considerations involved in planning and executing such a digital music edition, emphasizing the need to place musicologists at the centre of each step of this process. Whilst this is predominantly the role of the editors of the project, the wider community of scholars has an essential part to play, and one that is facilitated by Web technologies. To maximize the access to, and use of, the edition, technical and visual design decisions must be based on a sound understanding of the various roles users will take and the rich nature of the information sources being edited. Only through this fundamentally musicological approach to the technology can a sustainable resource be created.

Ferruccio Busoni im Briefwechsel mit seinem Verlag Breitkopf & Härtel (review)

Reviewed by: Ferruccio Busoni im Briefwechsel mit seinem Verlag Breitkopf & Härtel Erinn Knyt Ferruccio Busoni im Briefwechsel mit seinem Verlag Breitkopf & Härtel. Edited by Eva Hanau. 2 vols. (Busoni-Editionen, edited by Albrecht Riethmüller.) Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 2012. [xvii, 734 p. + vi, 834 p. ISBN 9783765103186. €126.] Tables, index, work lists, facsimiles. As one of the most prolific letter writers of his day, Ferruccio Busoni (1866-1924) left behind a trove of correspondence that expresses his thoughts and motives with eloquence and elegance. The letters contain details about a wide range of topics related to his life, career, and work, including information about trips, teaching activities, colleagues, compositions, and editing projects. Several collections of Busoni's letters have already appeared in published form, including Ferruccio Busoni: Briefe an Henri, Katharina und Egon Petri, edited by Martina Weindel (Wilhelmshaven: F. Noetzel, 1999); Ferruccio Busoni: Selected Letters, edited and translated by Antony Beaumont (London: Faber and Faber, 1987); Der Briefwechsel zwischen Ferruccio Busoni und Volkmar Andreae, 1907-1923, in the Hundertachtundsiebzigstes Neujahrsblatt der Allgemeinen Musikgesellschaft Zürich (Zurich: Kommissionsverlag Hug, 1994) and Busoni: Briefe an Seine Frau, edited by Friedrich Schnapp (Zurich: Rotapfel Verlag, 1935). Many letters, however, can still only be accessed in archives or private collections. Moreover, the content of the letters can be difficult to decipher due to Busoni's at times scrawling handwriting. Ferruccio Busoni im Briefwechsel mit seinem Verlag Breitkopf & Härtel, a two-volume book set containing the complete surviving correspondence (more than 1,550 letters, postcards, and telegram messages) between Busoni and Breitkopf und Härtel, his main music publisher, greatly contributes to the number of his published letters. The original sources are currently located in the Breitkopf and Härtel archive in Wiesbaden and in the Musikabteilung, Busoni Nachlass der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin—Preussischer Kulturbesitz. Some of the exchanges between Busoni and Breitkopf and Härtel are mainly factual, documenting the exchange of manuscripts or the amount of honorariums. Others are philosophical essays, offering insight about his ideas and thought processes. Particularly numerous are letters documenting the editing of the collected [End Page 290] works of Franz Liszt and Johann Sebastian Bach (Johann Sebastian Bach, Klavierwerke, ed. Ferruccio Busoni, Egon Petri, and Bruno Mugellini, 25 vols. [Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel, 1894-1923] and Franz Liszts Musikalische Werke [Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel, 1907-36]). Extending from 1883, when Busoni was only 17 years old, to 1924, the year he died, the correspondence in this collection can also be read as a life chronicle. However, it should be noted that Busoni's responses to Breitkopf and Härtel are, disappointingly, missing from 1883-1894. The volumes are user-friendly, with indexes that allow the scholar to search for specific pieces or people. The correspondence can also be read chronologically, as organized, thus offering insight into Busoni's maturation as a composer and thinker. The correspondence is subdivided by time period, which unfortunately artificially divides ongoing exchanges about specific pieces or topics. A table at the end of the second volume provides shelf locations of original source material in the Berlin Staatsbibliothek. Volume 2 also contains brief commentaries summarizing Busoni's career and providing more specific details about each letter, including full citations for any pieces mentioned. Although the editor, Eva Hanau, succeeded in deciphering the handwriting most of the time, there are several places where she used [?] marks to indicate illegible text and [. . . ?] marks to indicate incomplete text. At times, these marks make it difficult to ascertain meanings. One of the least legible letters appears to have been letter 693A, vol. 2: "[. . . ?] Figaro-M-S. [. . . ?] mir eine Abschrift fertigen lassen, die allerdings absolut[?] zuverlässig sein müsste, zugleich[?] alle zufälligen Korrekturen u. eingetragenen Bemerkungen treu wiedergäbe?" (vol. 2, p. 463). Throughout the correspondence, the topic of Busoni's composition and editing projects is prevalent. Busoni's motivations and methods are revealed through the letters. For instance, they show that Busoni was interested in creating editions that were scholarly yet also useful for the performer. When working on the Liszt edition, he stated: "Unsere Absicht war, sobald eine kritische Unterlage geschaffen wäre, an die Vorbereitung einer praktischen...

A Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Data Management Platform

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is increasingly being used in biomedical research. These experiments typically generate a large volume of highly complex data, and the volume and complexity are only increasing with time. There exist many software pipelines for analyzing these data (each typically with its own file formats), and as technology improves, these file formats change and new formats are developed. Files produced from these myriad software programs may accumulate on hard disks or tape drives over time, with older files being rendered progressively more obsolete and unusable with each successive technical advancement and data format change. Although initiatives exist to standardize the file formats used in proteomics, they do not address the core failings of a file-based data management system: (1) files are typically poorly annotated experimentally, (2) files are "organically" distributed across laboratory file systems in an ad hoc manner, (3) files formats become obsolete, and (4) searching the data and comparing and contrasting results across separate experiments is very inefficient (if possible at all). Here we present a relational database architecture and accompanying web application dubbed Mass Spectrometry Data Platform that is designed to address the failings of the file-based mass spectrometry data management approach. The database is designed such that the output of disparate software pipelines may be imported into a core set of unified tables, with these core tables being extended to support data generated by specific pipelines. Because the data are unified, they may be queried, viewed, and compared across multiple experiments using a common web interface. Mass Spectrometry Data Platform is open source and freely available at http://code.google.com/p/msdapl/.

Four observations, to read in ten minutes, about modern Thematic Catalogues in music

The paper is meant to be an introduction to László Somfai’s lecture on the Béla Bartók Thematic Catalogue in progress to be published by G. Henle Verlag. The author calls attention to a wealth of new thematic catalogues in print. The mutual interdependence of thematic catalogues and complete edition projects is emphasized. While discussing online databases on composers and thematic catalogues, the advantages and limitations of online resources are also pointed out.

Michele Savonarola: Medicina e cultura di corte (review)

Reviewed by: Michele Savonarola: Medicina e cultura di corte Joseph Ziegler Chiara Crisciani and Gabriella Zuccolin, eds. Michele Savonarola: Medicina e cultura di corte. Micrologus Library 37. Florence: Sismel, 2011. xxii + 299 pp. €48.00 (978-88-8450-400-5). The grand narrative of premodern medicine draws a clear line between learned medicine (scholastic in style and nature, theory oriented, Latin, bookish, university based, an agent assimilating a substantial body of ancient and Islamic sources, and inventor of refined technical vocabulary) and practical medicine (vernacular, experimental, empirical, patient oriented, lacking an institutional base, often related to astrology and other auxiliary sciences). Courts (royal, princely, or papal) were responsible for a significant output of medical texts before 1500 in the Latin [End Page 123] West. The role of courts in patronage of medical knowledge and professionals is well known, but was the medicine that emerged from these courts different from the medicine emerging from other centers of knowledge? Michele Savonarola: Medicina e cultura di corte is a collection of eleven essays originating from a similarly titled 2005 conference in Pavia and centering on the activity and medical writings of Michele Savonarola, who from the 1440s was linked to the Este court in Ferrara. For the editors of this volume the complex figure of Michele Savonarola provides a typical case study that allows us to draw the distinctive characteristics of court medicine in Quattrocento Italy. Chiara Crisciani’s useful and heavily annotated introductory chapter supplies a detailed survey of the vast secondary literature on premodern court medicine in general and Michele Savonarola in particular. His career displays themes typical of court medicine: political patronage, a strong empirical orientation and attention to particulars, and recourse to descriptive heuristics expressed by specific case histories. The fluid, open, varied, and often changing situation of the court physician facilitated alliances between medicine and other bodies of knowledge: astrology, physiognomy, alchemy, and magic as well as ethics, history, pedagogy, and politics. Monica Ferrari supplies a historiographic survey of court culture with particular reference to the important role of the physician in the formation and education of the new prince, in regulating life and defining well-being at court, and in furnishing political advice. The general scientific culture in fifteenth-century Ferrara is covered by Silvia Nagel (the contribution of the Jewish community to the local culture, in particular the presence of prominent Jewish physicians such as Amato Lusitano and Moses Alatino); Antonia Tissoni Benvenuti (the scientific books in the Este library, which faithfully reflects the intellectual interests of the Ferrara ducal family); and Stefano Cracolici, who elegantly examines the physiological and psychological meanings of the term bizzarria (eccentricity, oddity) and their implications in some of Savonarola’s works, thereby illuminating his moralistic view of courtly life and courtly behavior. Cracolici thus enables us to better understand Savonarola’s place within his contemporary intellectual setting and uncovers his subtle critique of the courtiers, tainted by a capricious mood and thus prone to anger, which potentially undermines the state’s well-being. But the heart of the collection is dedicated to the study of medical practice through the reading of Savonarola’s writings. Danielle Jacquart explores Savonarola’s Practica maior to sketch the complex medical and intellectual profile of this court physician. This Latin text, which often was the source for his later vernacular practical treatises, reveals the author’s piety and his belief in the direct link between successful cure and the physician’s religious gestures and behavior. His dietetic advice is dictated by essential norms of courtly art de vivre and etiquette, not just by physiological principles and needs (e.g., a detailed excursus on the proper way to slice meat at a nobleman’s table is inserted into the chapter on meat). Jacquart examines the place of astrological considerations in Savonarola’s practice, his pharmacological strategy and attitudes to surgery as alternative ways [End Page 124] to treat patients, as well as the incursion of theoretical considerations into his medical practice. Riccardo Gualdo formulates guidelines for the vast project of a critical edition of Savonarola’s vernacular medical works, which are studied by four of the contributors to the volume. Marilyn Nicoud carefully examines a specific...

The Janus Intertextuality Search Engine: A Research Tool of (and for) the Electronic Manipulus florum Project

This article demonstrates how the search engine developed for this online edition not only serves the research purposes of users of this digital resource, but is also a valuable tool for refining and improving the edition while also aiding the author’s research on the construction of this text. An example of its utility for the edition project is provided which calls into question previous theories regarding the influence John of Wales may have had on this collection of Latin quotations.

Integrating collaborative bibliography and research

AbstractWe report on the design and implementation of an innovative shared work‐environment “Editors' Notes” (http://editorsnotes.org/), especially the use of an open‐source bibliographical reference management platform (Zotero) in conjunction with a continuously updated corpus of the working notes of three leading documentary editing projects and the curatorial notes of a library special collection. The benefits, constraints, and affordances of using Zotero in a one‐way relationship with the text corpus are described and additional possibilities are noted.

Lawrence of Arabia and the Shaws (T. E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Bernard Shaw and Charlotte Shaw, Volume 4, 1929–35, edited by Jeremy and Nicole Wilson)

Lawrence of Arabia and the Shaws (T. E. Lawrence, <i>Correspondence with Bernard Shaw and Charlotte Shaw</i>, Volume 4, 1929–35, edited by Jeremy and Nicole Wilson)

The Tenth Anniversary of the Björn Ekwall Memorial Foundation

The Björn Ekwall Memorial Foundation (BEMF) was initiated by the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology in 2001, to honour the memory of Dr Björn Ekwall (1940-2000) and to establish a prize, the Björn Ekwall Memorial Award. The prize is awarded to scientists who have significantly contributed to the field of cell toxicology, and whose work is contributing toward the replacement of animal experiments by alternative toxicity tests. Over the past 10 years, the Björn Ekwall Memorial Award has been presented annually. Björn Ekwall, an outstanding Swedish cell toxicologist, was one of the pioneers in the development and application of alternative methods to animal tests in toxicology. All his scientific work was devoted to in vitro toxicology, and in particular, to the use of cultured human cells for the screening of toxic chemicals. In the middle of the 1980s, he initiated the international Multicentre Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) project, to evaluate the usefulness of in vitro tests for the estimation of human acute systemic toxicity. To prove his "basal cytotoxicity concept", he established the MEMO database, in which data on the acutely toxic human blood concentrations of drugs and chemicals were collated from the literature and from clinical studies. He also initiated another project, Evaluation-Guided Development of In Vitro Toxicity and Toxicokinetic Tests (EDIT). The ideas from the EDIT project, together with those from the MEIC project, became the basis for today's international EU projects, e.g. ACuteTox, Sens-it-iv and ReProTect. In this article, 10 years after the start of the BEMF, the scientific achievements of each of the award winners in the field of in vitro toxicology are presented, together with a brief synopsis of their careers.

Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses (review)

Reviewed by: Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses Daniel H. Magilow Francis R. Nicosia and David Scrase (Eds.) Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses. New York: Berghahn Books, 2010. Pp. xvi, 245. Cloth $60.00. ISBN 978-1-84545-676-4. Holocaust historians have never relied exclusively on perpetrator-created sources to narrate and analyze the genocide of European Jewry, but the fact that so many sources were German-language documents written for Nazi audiences might sometimes lead one to think otherwise. While perpetrators' perspectives are certainly crucial components of Holocaust narratives, the scholarly focus on body counts and grisly details of the mechanisms of annihilation has ominous collateral effects. In Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-day Ukraine (2007), Omer Bartov criticized this scholarly fixation on Jewish death as echoing the perpetrator's mindset because it "[brings the Jews] into history for the sole purpose of depicting their extermination." The challenge is to reinscribe the Holocaust into a broader narrative not just of European history but of Jewish history and Jewish identity. Francis R. Nicosia's and David Scrase's edited volume Jewish Life in Nazi Germany: Dilemmas and Responses is one example of the fruits of a new scholarly focus intended as a corrective to such "perpetrator source fetishism." This reorientation has benefitted from new institutional initiatives, notably the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's (USHMM) source edition project "Jewish Responses to Persecution, 1933-1946." This concerted effort to acquire and preserve archival materials created by Jewish individuals and organizations before, during, and after the Holocaust is helping open the way for new approaches to the topic. Nicosia's and Scrase's volume of scholarly essays is the conference proceedings of a similarly titled 2006 Symposium at the University of Vermont's Carolyn and Leonard Miller Center for Holocaust Studies that approached Holocaust history from victims' perspectives. The symposium brought together a group of prominent Holocaust scholars to examine questions about German Jewish identity in Germany in the 1930s from the perspectives of the persecuted Jews themselves. What did it mean to belong to a loyal, patriotic, and economically important minority group when the government deemed it a threat and systematically suffocated it? In his introduction, Nicosia recognizes that these questions are not entirely unexplored ones. To frame them, he briefly surveys the legal basis of German persecution in the 1930s and cites earlier research on the subject, some of it by the volume's own contributors. He shows how the volume does not [End Page 77] simply rehash old territory, even if the outlines of the history of Germany's discriminatory legislation in the 1930s are well known. Although Nicosia does not explicitly say so, what follows is a tightly focused set of essays that wisely strive for depth and close analysis of selected topics, rather than an encyclopedic coverage of the daily experiences of Jewish life in Germany in the 1930s. Central themes are Jewish institutions and spaces: Konrad Kwiet writes on the de facto ghettoization enforced through the creation of Judensiedlungen (Jewish Settlements) and Judenhäuser (Jews' Houses); Beate Meyer considers the Reichsvertretung der Juden in Deutschland (Reich Representation of Jews in Germany); and Michael Brenner discusses theater and the Jüdischer Kulturbund (Jewish Cultural League.) Aside from his introduction, Nicosia also contributes an essay about Zionism in Nazi Berlin. Though all of the essays are of high quality, several merit special comment for their focus on the Alltagsgeschichte (everyday history) of Jewish life and identity in 1930s Germany. Developing further her widely respected work on the subject, for instance, Marion Kaplan examines changes in family dynamics. Kaplan influentially characterized German Jewish experiences as suspended "between dignity and despair" in her 1998 work of the same name. Families that might not ever have identified themselves as Jewish found themselves categorized as such and subject to new pressures. The extent to which the notion that the family is always a "haven in a heartless world" was a useful fiction became increasingly obvious. (16) The many new economic, social, and psychological pressures that Jewish families faced created a situation in which "their world was shrinking and Jews spent more and more...

The Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition: 1890–1892

Book Review| July 01 2011 The Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition: 1890–1892 The Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition: 1890–1892. Peirce Edition Project, Ed. Nathan Houser et al. Vol. 8. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2010. Douglas Anderson Douglas Anderson Southern Illinois University Carbondale Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Pluralist (2011) 6 (2): 61–64. https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.6.2.0061 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Douglas Anderson; The Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition: 1890–1892. The Pluralist 1 January 2011; 6 (2): 61–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.6.2.0061 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressThe Pluralist Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2011 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2011 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition, Volume 8: 1890––1892 Edited by the Peirce Edition Project, Nathan Houser, General Editor

Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition, Volume 8: 1890––1892 Edited by the Peirce Edition Project, Nathan Houser, General Editor

Editorial control over linked data

Linked Data promises to facilitate the collaborative production and use of structured information about historical people, places, organizations, events, and ideas. But few processes have been established to assess and improve the quality of Linked Data. Documentary editors can potentially contribute to this effort by assessing Linked Data quality, publishing “gold standard” datasets that meet their high standards, and connecting assertions to bibliographic descriptions of evidential resources. The Editors' Notes project is exploring these possibilities by integrating tools for harvesting and editing Linked Data into the research processes of documentary editing projects.

In the Net of Abductions (On Juliette Peirce’s Identity)

In spite of all the industrious efforts Peirce scholars have made so far, Peirce’s biography still retains a number of gaps, among which the problem of identity of Peirce’s second wife, Juliette Froissy, stands out most significantly. It is all the more important that, as some scholars suggest, the discovery of any reliable facts about Juliette could provide an explanation to some of the decisions Peirce had made, which irrevocably changed the course of his life, as well as his semiotic theory. By courtesy of Professor Dr. Nathan Houser and the Peirce Edition Project, the writer of the present paper was granted access to the archive materials containing the Max H. Fisch — Maurice Auger correspondence and Victor Lenzen’s notes on Juliette. The paper aims at arranging the dispersed data obtained from these and other sources into a set of several distinct versions, which curiously refer to each other and collectively impose a certain order on some major abductions concerning Juliette’s identity.

Applied optimization in manufacturing and services (APPOPT-2008)

This special section is related to selected papers from the “Applications Track” of the Ninth International Conference on Approximation and Optimization in the Caribbean (APPOPT2008) held in San Andres Islands, Colombia, March 2–7, 2008 (http://matematicas.univalle. edu.co/~appopt2008/). The APPOPT conference series aims to bring together mathematicians, engineers, and other specialists from a variety of related disciplines, who are at the forefront of their research fields, to exchange original ideas and present high-quality scientific research related to the development of optimization and approximation theory, models, algorithms, and their applications to both theoretical and complex real-life problems. The numerous research papers presented at APPOPT-2008 included a significant amount of research that addressed both manufacturing-oriented and service-oriented problems. Submission to this special section was open to papers related to the topic but not necessary presented at the conference venue. Eleven papers, selected for the quality of both the abstract and the presentation, participated in the evaluation process for this special volume. Only four papers were finally accepted after completing the rigorous traditional peer-review process of the journal for scientific merit. These papers present applications of optimization techniques to solve realistic optimization problems. The guest editors would first like to acknowledge Professor Endre Boros, Editor-in-Chief of the Annals of Operations Research, for fully supporting this editing project, as well as Professor Olga Vasilieva, Chair of the APPOPT-2008 Organizing Committee. Mrs. Katie D’Agosta, Managing Editor of the Annals of Operations Research, has to be acknowledged

Das Florilegium Vindobonense des Codex Philologicus Graecus 169 Parerga codicologica

The present article deals with an anthology of classical poetry being part of a bilateral research and edition project between the Eötvös József Collegium, the University of Piliscsaba and the Institute for Byzantine Studies of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. This alphabetical anthology is transmitted in Codex Philologicus Graecus 169 of the Austrian National Library (14th century) and contains gnomological excerpts from classical poets like Homer, Hesiod, Pindar and the tragedians as well as Aristophanes, authors whose works the scholars of the Palaiologian area focused on. Also the Viennese collection is a typical product of a scholars’ circle of the 14th century. The manuscript itself is well known because of another text, the so called Lexicon Vindobonense, now to be identified as the work of Andreas Lopadiotes. On the basis of the analysis of Augusto Guida the article concentrates on the codicological and palaeographical examination of the quires (in the present status the original sequence is disturbed by wrong binding) as well as the palaeographical units (of the main scribe and some additional hands).

環境教育研究の到達点と課題

This paper reports the current status of and opinions on environmental education research in Japan taking into account researchers' discussion prior to publishing the 20th anniversary issue of “Japanese Society for Environmental Education”. The introduction describes the context and purpose of this paper, and the 2nd section looks back at the approaches considered at the 10th anniversary academic conference. The 3rd section details the aims and the methods of the 20th anniversary special edition project. The goal is not only to develop each person's ideas on environmental education research but also to have a deeper discussion about environmental education. The proposed methods of achieving this were round table talks, general remarks and criticism by theme, the omnibus paper, and other source data. In the 4th section, among the four approaches, the round table talk is reviewed and explained. Fragmentation of current research is pointed out, as is the need for systemizing environmental education. Pertaining to a method of systematization in the future, some suggested creating a world map of examples of environmental education, and making a database. The 5th section covers the general remarks and criticism by theme and summarizes them. The following eight themes are also analyzed: nature conservation education, pollution education, environmental education as a part of school education, environmental education during early childhood, environmental education related to food-agriculture, environmental education with other countries, environmental education and education for sustainable development, and environmental education about lifestyle. In conclusion, the paper argues that currently environmental education research is continuous and discontinuous, and also that methods for environmental education research are in their draft phases, like a map made from individual case studies and general criticism. Also, it is possible to say that masters' theses could be case studies and doctoral theses could be drafts.

Departure from Gulag? State or Research and Concept of this Collection

After the archives of the GULAG administration were made public thanks to international edition projects, historians are now faced with new challenges. The contributing authors to this special issue address questions concerning the gradual dissolution of the Stalinist forced labor camps, inquiring into the motives, strategies and the specificity of dynamics displayed in this process. Thematically the contributions are interconnected in that they deal with the spaces and borders of the camp zone, focus on social dimensions in the history of the camps and take a closer look at continuities and ruptures between late- and post-Stalinist Russia. With regard to the penal system and forced labor, the pessimistic appraisal of destalinization as a drama and a reform is surely not applicable. However, the departure from the GULAG lost in strength and momentum due to the horrendous realities and the lack in determination by the party leadership. For this reason, an outright transition did not take place, but rather shifts that nonetheless did cause irrevocable changes in Soviet state and society.