Ectopic Scrotum Research Articles

A Case of Ectopic Scrotum with Inconspicuous Penis

Introduction: Ectopic scrotum is characterized by a unilateral scrotum located above or below the inguinal region or in the perineum. Inconspicuous penis refers to a penis that appears short or small but is of average size, merely buried or restricted by surrounding tissue. Case report: A case of concurrent ectopic scrotum and inconspicuous penis is reported. Dicusssion: Orchiopexy and scrotoplasty may be performed for ectopic scrotum, while inconspicuous penis requires release or removal of surrounding tissue.

Ectopic scrotum with undescended testis

Ectopic scrotum is defined as abnormal position rather than normal position of the scrotum. Congenital scrotal anomalies are penoscrotal transposition, bifid scrotum, accessory scrotum, and ectopic scrotum. Associated anomalies with ectopic scrotum are inguinal hernia, ectopic ureter, vesical exstrophy, renal dysplasia, and agenesis. Ectopic scrotum is a rare congenital anomaly. We report a case of ectopic scrotum with undescended testis.

Ectopic scrotum: Single stage rotational flap reconstruction with orchidopexy

Congenital anomalies of the scrotum are rare; furthermore, ectopic scrotum and accessory scrotum are rarer still. We describe our series of four cases with their surgical management and long-term outcomes. We performed single stage rotational flap reconstruction with orchidopexy. Data was collected retrospectively for three cases of ectopic scrotum and one of accessory scrotum over the last twenty years in a tertiary paediatric surgery unit. Two infants with supra-inguinal ectopic scrotum underwent rotation pedicle flap procedure to relocate the scrotum and testis. The follow-up at 5 years shows excellent cosmetic outcome. The third infant had anorectal malformation and ectopic scrotum with absent testis. The fourth child had a large perineal hamartoma and an overlying accessory scrotum. In the later two, the empty scrotums were excised. Single stage rotational flap reconstruction with orchidopexy, is feasible and should be considered. It is a safe single stage technique to achieve excellent cosmesis and hopefully function of the ectopic gonad. Collaboration between paediatric surgeons and plastic surgeons in these rare cases is advisable. The published reports show cases operated in stages and at times sacrificing the ectopic scrotal skin. We elected to operate early without sacrificing scrotal tissue and preserving the testis.

One stage rotation flap scrotoplasty and orchidopexy for the correction of ectopic scrotum: A case report

Ectopic scrotum (ES) is a particularly rare congenital malformation of the scrotum and commonly associated with other congenital malformations. A 2-year-old boy was presented with ectopic scrotum, low lesion imperforate anus, spina bifida and pubic diastasis since birth. There are various surgical methods available to be discussed in the management of ES. We performed correction of the ectopic scrotum and concomitant bilateral orchidopexy in one stage of surgery. This procedure is relatively simpler to perform and gives out favorable cosmetic result.

Ectopic Scrotum with VACTERL Association.

Scrotal ectopia is a rare condition. Associated anomalies are common. We describe a neonate with ectopic scrotum with VACTERL association. This combination of anomalies is very rare.

Ectopia escrotal: presentación clínica y corrección quirúrgica

Ectopia escrotal: presentación clínica y corrección quirúrgica

Ectopic scrotum: A unique case report.

Ectopic scrotum is a rare congenital anomaly. Most common location is supra-inguinal. We present a case of left ectopic scrotum in a three year old boy with no associated congenital anomalies, who underwent successful scrotoplasty and orchiopexy.

Inguinal Ectopic Scrotum, Anorectal Malformation with Sacral Agenesis and Limb Defects: An Unusual Presentation

A case of congenital ectopic scrotum in neonatal period is described. The ectopic scrotum was located in the right inguinal area and the left hemiscrotum was found in normal location and each hemi-scrotum contained their testis. The neonate also had imperforate anus as low anorectal malformation with spinal abnormalities (hemi-sacrum and hemi-pelvis), right knee flexion contracture and right club foot. The embryological explanation in the literature of ectopic scrotum and its associated anomalies is discussed.

Inguinal ectopic scrotum in a neonate: Case report and literature review

Inguinal ectopic scrotum in a neonate: Case report and literature review

Perineal lipoma in association with scrotal anomalies in children

To analyse the characteristics of the perineal lipoma and speculate on its development, as an associated perineal lipoma is implicated in the occurrence of scrotal anomalies in children. Five children with a perineal lipoma in association with various scrotal anomalies were included in the study. We analysed the types of scrotal anomalies and their anatomical relationship with the perineal lipomas. One child had a supra-inguinal ectopic scrotum, and the others had penoscrotal transposition, either symmetrical or asymmetrical; they included two who had an accessory scrotum combined with a perineal lipoma. The perineal lipoma was on the ipsilateral side of the upward-positioned hemiscrotum in the ectopic scrotum or the asymmetrical penoscrotal transposition, or it was on the mid-perineum in the symmetrical penoscrotal transposition. The perineal lipoma can be found combined with various scrotal anomalies, including ectopic scrotum as well as an accessory scrotum or penoscrotal transposition; this is the first report describing a perineal lipoma associated with an ectopic scrotum. We speculate that the development of the perineal lipoma is closely related to scrotal anomalies, which result from early division and/or abnormal migration of the labioscrotal swelling. The concomitant perineal lipoma might be formed during the process, and might affect abnormal scrotal development.

UNILATERAL PERINEAL ECTOPIC SCROTUM RESULTING IN DEBILITATING ORCHALGIA: DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

Congenital scrotal anomalies are unusual, with ectopic and accessory scrota being the most rare. Scrotal ectopia, which has been described as resulting from an abnormal migration of the ipsilateral labioscrotal fold, is usually obvious and easily diagnosed in infancy.1 An 18-year-old male remained without diagnosis until exercise induced orchalgia led to the identification of an ectopic scrotum, which was a factor in the origin of the discomfort. The diagnosis and management of this case are described.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of congenital anomalies of the external genitalia

Objectives. To assess the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the anatomic evaluation and management planning of complex congenital genitourinary anomalies. Methods: Multiplanar T 1 and T 2-weighted MR images were obtained in 6 pediatric patients with congenital genitourinary anomalies, including aphallia, diphallia, ectopic scrotum, and epispadias. The imaging studies were read by experienced radiologists and discussed with the urologic surgeons in a multidisciplinary conference. Results. Each congenital anomaly was demonstrated in detail by MRI. The MR images of penile agenesis showed hypoplastic corpora cavernosa and a vestigial bulb. In patients with penile duplication, MRI was able to delineate the course of each corporal body and the varying degree of thickness of the tunica albuginea. For the patient with scrotal ectopia, detailed MR images excluded both the possibility of urethral and corporal duplications and the presence of viable testes in the ectopic scrotum. In the case of epispadias, MRI illustrated the precise spatial relationship between the erectile bodies and urethra. Additionally, MRI identified related aberrant pelvic organs and provided images of the external genital structures. Conclusions. MRI, by rendering excellent anatomic interpretation of complex genital anomalies and associated abnormal pelvic tissues, assists surgeons in conceptualizing the anomalous structures and contributes to their formulation of management approaches.

Unilateral inguinal ectopic scrotum and imperforate anus: A case report

A case of an ectopic scrotum located in the right inguinal area is described. The left hemiscrotum was in normal location, and each hemiscrotum contained testis. The boy also had an infralevator-type anorectal malformation. Initially, anoplasty was performed, and scrotal reconstruction was carried out 1 month later. The authors also reviewed the embryological explanation of ectopic scrotum in the literature.

Accessory Scrotum or Perineal Collision-Hamartoma: A Case Report to Illustrate a Misnomer

A case of a congenital perineal tumor in a male infant is described, which consisted of separated fat and smooth muscle tissue in nodular arrangement. According to its clinical presentation, this lesion would be grouped into the category of so called "accessory scrotum," as part of the entity of ectopic scrotum. Based on our case and on a review of the literature, the possibility is raised that this labelling may be inappropriate on grounds of etiology and pathomorphology. It is suggested to consider similar lesions as the result of a perineal hamartomatous fat tissue overgrowth with transposed scrotal skin, which may or may not show additional hamartomatous proliferation of smooth muscle bundles, and to label them "perineal lipoma/lipoblastoma with ectopic scrotal skin" or "perineal collision-hamartoma" in the case of a prominent isolated smooth muscle component.

Peno-Scrotal Transposition

Peno-scrotal transposition is an infrequent genital malposition due to a defect in the caudal migration of the inchoate scrotum during intrauterine life. It is frequently associated with urogenital and/or gastrointestinal malformations. Glenn and Anderson (1973) have classified the abnormality into the following categories, according to severity: Bifid scrotum Incomplete or partial peno-scrotal transposition Complete peno-scrotal transposition or pre-penile scrotum Ectopic scrotum We analyse corrective surgical techniques for this malposition and we present our experience.

Perineal Lipoma and the Accessory Labioscrotal Fold: An Etiological Relationship

Congenital scrotal disorders are unusual, including penoscrotal transposition, bifid scrotum, ectopic scrotum and accessory scrotum. The latter 2 entities are extremely rare. Because accessory scrota usually arise in the absence of associated anomalies, an etiology has been enigmatic. We present 2 cases of accessory labioscrotal folds, including a female patient. An exhaustive literature review allowed comparison with all reported cases (23) and showed a frequent association with perineal lipoma (83%). On that basis, we were able to classify accessory labioscrotal folds into 2 types and recommend a different course of management for each. Accessory labioscrotal folds usually develop when intervening mesenchymal tissue disrupts the continuity of the caudally developing labioscrotal swelling.

Accessory and ectopic scrotum with VATER association

Scrotal ectopia or accessory scrotum are both rare conditions. This report describes a neonate with both abnormalities, who also has elements of the VATER association. This constellation of anomalies has not been previously described.

A new inbred rat strain (TS) with suprainguinal ectopic testes: a model for human cryptorchidism

A mutant rat (TS) has been described with so-called ectopic scrotum, but the published photograph suggested that only the testes were ectopic. We established a colony of these inbred rats as a possible model for cryptorchidism. Five breeding pairs were obtained from the Imamichi Institute, Japan. Immature male offspring (0–21 days) were examined macro- and microscopically to document inguinoscrotal anatomy and gubernacular development. Uni- or bilateral, suprainguinal ectopic testes occurred in 39/46 males. Abnormal gubernacular position was visible microscopically by 3 days and macroscopically by 3–7 days of age. The processus vaginalis, cremaster muscle, and epididymis developed normally. The scrotum was hypoplastic but in the normal position. The TS rat is a new animal model for superficial inguinal ectopic testes, and will be invaluable for elucidating the cause of cryptorchidism and studying the effects of treatment. Our preliminary morphological studies suggest that the gubernaculum develops properly, but appears to migrate in the wrong direction.

Accessory Scrotum: Report of a Case

Perineal ectopic (accessory) scrotum is an uncommon anomaly. We could trace only 5 such cases reported in the literature (8, 10, 11). A case of accessory scrotum and glandular hypospadias has been presented and discussed.

Case report of a boy with penoscrotal transposition, double urethra, pseudodiphallia, and ectopic scrotum

The paper describes a 14 year old Saudi boy with penoscrotal transposition and double urethra placed side by side in the penis. Ectopic scrotal skin and a pseudopenis were seen over the right ischial tuberosity. The patient had a large lumbosacral lipoma, which probably caused paralysis and atrophy of the right leg through an intraspinal extension.