Ecotourism Development Strategy Research Articles

STATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BERKELANJUTAN DI KAWASAN OBJEK WISATA PANTAI KABUPATEN KULONPROGO TAHUN 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is: 1. To find out the Environmental Characteristics and Distribution of Beach Attractions in Kulonprogo Regency. 2. To find out the Potential Attractions of Beach Attractions in Kulonprogo Regency 3. To find out the Sustainable Ecotourism Development Strategy of Kulonprogo Regency Beach Attractions. Research Location is all beach attractions in Kulonprogo Regency which include Trisik Beach, Glagah Beach, Congot Beach and Kadilangu Sand Beach with Potential and Development Strategy using analysis of Tourism Suitability Index for Characteristics and Distribution of Attractions, Potential uses The Potential Score of Attractions as well as the Green Tourism Association for Sustainable Ecotourism Development by using qualitative description research methods with a survey approach to collect information from respondents using questionnaires / questionnaires and in-depth interviews of concerned respondents from visitors to cuttingholders whose data is collected from the top sample of the population to represent the entire population. The results of this study are (1) The distribution and environmental characteristics of each beach in Kulonprogo Regency are not much different, namely the type of iron sand beach or black sand with agrotourism potential, and all beaches are in Temon and Galur districts, Trisik Beach is in Trisik village and Glagah Beach, Congot Beach and Kadilangu Sand Beach located in Jangkaran village;(2) All potential kulonprogo beach attractions are tourist attractions with tourism potential is different from the results of the score. and Glagah Beach is the beach with the greatest potential and each beach has a distinctive attraction that is different and unique; (3) The development of Ecotourism of Kulonprogo Regency is obtained by the management of ecological sustainability or Green Tourism Association appropriate from the Environment, economic development to cultural diversity described from each beach. Trisik Beach development directive from 4 criteria that have been appropriate needs to be revamped on Turtle Conservation and Chicken Farming that is not yet appropriate, Glagah Beach development directive has been in accordance according to the assessment of ecotourism criteria only need to be further managed by the Laguna levy and fishermen's results, Congot Beach development directive only 4 are appropriate so that there is still much need for improvement and related management such as fishing villages and ombah breakers and coastal development directives Pasir Kadilangu has not been suitable for mangrove forest conservation and shrimp farming. Ecotourism Development Strategy from Kulonprogo Tourism Office such as DED and levy collection; (4) Implementation of high school learners' teaching materials modules in geography subjects of Forestry, Mining, Marine and Tourism Resources Distribution in Accordance with The Principles of Sustainable Development Class XI in the form of interesting and easy to understand learning modules.

Ecotourism development strategies and the importance of local community engagement

Ecotourism development strategies and the importance of local community engagement

ECO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN SEMARANG CITY

This study aims to design an ecotourism development strategy and calculate its economic value. The research method used is a "mixed method" approach. The qualitative approach is obtained from in-depth interviews with parties involved in developing and managing the Tugurejo mangrove forest conservation, which is processed using the NVivo application. In contrast, the quantitative approach is processed using the analysis of the contingent assessment method (CVM) and willingness to pay (WTP). The study results show that the role and involvement of youth are crucial in the preservation of Ecotourism Areas. Conservation is needed in the sustainable development of Ecotourism Areas with the part and participation of youth. The average amount of WTP is Rp. 10.000.00. The economic value of income for one year is estimated to generate Rp revenue. 280,000,000.00 with a ticket of Rp. 5,000 (including parking).

Wetland Ecotourism Development Using Deep Learning and Grey Clustering Algorithm from the Perspective of Sustainable Development.

The purpose is to promote the sustainable development of wetland ecotourism in China and plan the passenger flow in different tourism periods. This work selects Zhangye Heihe wetland ecotourism spot as the research object. Firstly, the two single wetland ecotourism Demand Prediction Models (DPMs) are proposed based on the time series of the optimized Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm (FCA), grey theory, and the Markov Chain Method. The proposed wetland ecotourism DPM simulates and predicts the ecotourism passenger flow of wetland-scenic spots and verifies the maximum passenger flow. Then, a hybrid model combining the above two single models is proposed, namely, the wetland ecotourism DPM based on an optimized fuzzy grey clustering algorithm. Further, the proposed three models predict the passenger flow in wetland ecotourism spots from 2015 to 2019. A wetland Water Quality Evaluation (WQE) model based on Deep Learning Backpropagation Neural Network (Deep Learning (DL) BPNN) is proposed to evaluate the water quality in different water periods. The results show that the hybrid model's Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are 1.25% and 0.2532. By comparison, for two single models, the MAPE is 11.67% and 1.45%, respectively, and the RMSE is 0.2526 and 0.1652, respectively. Therefore, the mixed hybrid has the highest accuracy and stability. The water quality of the scenic spot in the wet season is obviously better than that in the dry season and flat season. It is suggested that the natural environmental factors, such as water quality and passenger flow in different periods, should be considered when formulating ecotourism development strategies.

Eco-tourism Development Strategy Based on Local Potential in the Forest of Akebalanda Village, Moya Village, Ternate City

The concept of eco-tourism connects nature tourism trips that have a conservation mission that is carried out simultaneously with forestry development in forest areas that is applied to social forestry schemes. The scheme focuses more on empowerment in a participatory manner to increase the community's ability to manage the potential of forest resources in the vicinity. The purpose of this study (1). Knowing the potential of Akebalanda Village Forest in Moya Village (2). Develop a strategy for the development of Forest Eco-tourism in Ake Balanda Village, Moya Village. The method in this study is to observe and inventory the potential of vegetation. Field observations were carried out to determine the location of data collection and obtain actual data regarding the potential of village forests and the eco-tourism development strategies used, and continued with structured interviews with group administrators and related parties, then the data will be analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results showed that the flora potential in the eco-tourism area of Gamalama Forest, Akebalanda Village in Moya Village, was very diverse. This is indicated by the discovery of 31 types of plants developed in the area. In addition to the potential of flora, there is also another potential as an attraction for the development of Gamalama Eco-tourism, namely natural potential. Based on the calculation of scores on the EFAS and IFAS matrices, the Gamalama ecotourism development in the forest of Akebalanda village is in quadrant I (0,16 – 0,94). Quadrant I is a very favorable situation in doing business. This position has opportunities and strengths from two factors, namely internal factors and external factors that can be utilized by KUPS and LPHD. The strategy that must be applied in this condition is to support an aggressive growth policy ( Growth Oriental Strategy ).

Can Ecotourism Succeed a Sustainable Livelihood: The Importance of Fishermen’s Involvement in Ciletuh Geopark

Ciletuh in Sukabumi area was inaugurated as a Global Geopark by UNESCO in 2017, and has many potential natural resources such as Palangpang Beach as a leading tourism area of Ciletuh Geopark. Palangpang Beach in Ciletuh Bay is also an estuary area used by fishermen to collect fish in Fish Auction (TPI). Fishermen on Palangpang Beach are categorized as small fishermen according to the size of the capture fishery units, which results in the fishermen on Palangpang Beach prefer to take part in tourist activities by chartering boats for tourists to increase their income. The objectives of the study were to investigate the impact of Geopark establishment on fishermen’s livelihood and to establish ecotourism development strategies in supporting the sustainable livelihood. The method used for sustainable livelihood analysis was descriptive analysis. The results showed that increased sustainable livelihood assets of fishermen were found in human capital, social capital, physical capital, and economic and financial capital, while natural capital assets declined. The Geopark Ciletuh development strategy to improve the sustainable livelihood can be performed through the fishermen involvement in capture fishery and Geopark tourism management such as by becoming a tour guide, a fishing trainer, an educator who educates on fishing weather in fisheries, a mangrove planter, and a coral reef educator. Keywords: capital asset, geopark, descriptive analysis, ecotourism, fish auction

Sari Beach Ecotourism Development Strategy, Pakis Village, Banyuwangi District, Banyuwangi Regency Kabupaten

Sariah Beach is one of the ecotourism potentials located in the village of Pakis, Banyuwangi with the characteristics of black sand, true mangrove vegetation, and associations, pine trees. This study aims to determine the development of community-based ecotourism and natural resources. The research method uses descriptive quantitative Focus Group Discussion (FGD), to determine IFAS and EFAS. Data analysis using SWOT analysis. The results showed alternative ecotourism development strategies which included increasing knowledge and technology in resource-based communities, improving supporting facilities and infrastructure, managing mangrove-based ecotourism, avifauna diversity, and maintaining turtle conservation. Furthermore, the integration of interests involving stakeholders at Sari beach.Keywords: ecotourism, mangrove, development, Sariah Beach

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA HUTAN MANGROVE DI DESA TELUK PAMBANG KECAMATAN BANTAN KABUPATEN BENGKALIS

Mangrove forests have an important role in regulating the stability of sea and land conditions, as well as forming various species of trees, shrubs and flora. One area that has a mangrove ecosystem in Bengkalis Regency is Teluk Pambang Village. Mangrove ecotourism in Teluk Pambang has good potential to be developed such as natural resources, characteristics and uniqueness of mangroves, diversity of mangrove species and regional comfort. The aims of this research are (1) know the potential and attractiveness of mangrove ecotourism and (2) determine the strategy of developing mangrove ecotourism in Teluk Pambang Village, Bantan Regency, Bengkalis Regency. This research began in December 2018 in the village of Teluk Pambang, Bantan Regency, Bengkalis Regency. The study was conducted using methods of field observation, observation and study of literature. Analysis of the ecotourism development strategy was carried out in the SWOT analysis. The potential of mangrove forest ecotourism in Teluk Pambang has beautiful natural scenery, a high level of security, and there are 10 species of fauna and 9 species of flora. Based on differences in the number of internal and external factors, the Strategy Matrix is in quadrant 1. Strategies to develop mangrove forest ecotourism, namely increasing human resources (HR), planting rare mangrove species, planting mangrove abrasion barriers, development, procurement of facilities and supporting infrastructure so both among the stakeholders.

Strategi pengembangan ekowisata Danau Masjid Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi

Masjid Lake is one of the Natural Tourism Objects in Riau Province, which is located in Kuantan Singingi Regency. This research is intended to determine the potential condition of the Koto Kari Mosque Lake area and its feasibility to be developed as an ecotourism object, identify and analyze tourist attractions, amenities and accessibility of ecotourism development, analyze the economic impact on ecotourism development, and formulate ecotourism development strategies in the Danau Masjid Regency area. Kuantan Singingi. The research method is a survey method by conducting direct field observations accompanied by interviews with the Kuantan Singingi Regency Government as managers, traditional and religious leaders. Traditional and religious leaders were used as representatives of the community to fill out the questionnaire. Respondents consisted of four traditional leaders and one religious leader, and the sampling was conducted at three station locations in the north, west and east which were seen based on differences in characteristics possessed in the tourist area of the Koto Kari Mosque Lake. To obtain an overview of the strategy to be used, an analysis was carried out with several stages and was guided by the FMU development design model S and the formulation of strategies from the data and information obtained were analyzed using the SWOT method, namely by analyzing internal and external factors owned by the Danau Mesjid Koto area. Curry. The results showed that the suitability of Koto Kari Mosque Lake tourism, at Station 1 which is located in the northern part, is categorized as suitable for all tourism activities, namely fishing (94.12%), camping (86.27%), water games (90.20%). , sit back (91.67%) and outbound (78.43%) this is because this location has a depth of 1-2 m, slope 200, clarity 80%, calm water, the view seen at this station is a stretch lakes, rice fields and rubber gardens. Whereas Station 2 in the western part has the appropriate conditional criteria for fishing tourism activities (94.12%) and sitting back (90.20%), because this location has a narrow lakeside and the historical building of the Old Koto Kari Mosque and residential housing in the outskirts of the lake, and at station 3 which is located in the eastern part are suitable for outbound activities, sitting back and camping with the percentage of 91.67%, 90.20% and 86.27%, respectively. Based on observations and referring to the opinion of the local community, the lake waters have characteristics that are deep enough to be dangerous for boating and water games. Based on the results of the analysis of the carrying capacity in the Koto Kari Mosque Lake area, it is different at each station location. Station 1 based on the calculation of the Tourism Suitability Index value of this station is very suitable for fishing, camping, water games, sitting back and outbound, while station 2 is very suitable for fishing and sitting back, and at station 3 is suitable for outbound activities, sitting back and camping. . The results of the analysis of area management strategies for ecotourism using SWOT analysis resulted in 9 alternative strategies, but those that can be used as a top priority as a strategic plan for the development of the Koto Kari Mosque Lake tourism area, namely holding cooperation in promoting the Koto Kari Mosque Lake as a natural and sustainable tourism area. its resources, attracting investors for the development of Koto Kari Mosque Lake tourism while still paying attention to the preservation of its resources, as well as coordinating in overcoming problems and threats that exist in the Koto Kari Mosque Lake

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MANGROVE ECOTOURISM BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM

Mangrove Bandar Mangrove mangrove ecotourism in the urban area of Dumai is an attraction between local and international tourists. The uniqueness of Bandar Bakau mangrove ecotourism is the school of nature, the potential for flora and fauna and its mangrove forests. Ecotourism Bandar Bakau is still relatively new, the division occurred in 1999 by community leaders and managed by non-governmental organizations and local communities. Mangrove ecotourism has 24 types of species and not all of their potential can be used to increase ecotourism because of the ability of people who do not understand, the high expectations of mangrove township communities for mangrove ecotourism make ecotourism management difficult to control professionally, so awareness is needed to build an agreement in building strategies local wisdom-based ecotourism development, therefore a mangrove ecotourism development strategy based on local wisdom is needed in Bandar Bakau. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and the data were analyzed using SWOT. The technique of determining the informants was purposive sampling with observation and in-depth interviews. The research results that have been analyzed illustrate that an alternative strategy for developing mangrove ecotourism based on local wisdom yields 4 important points, first to develop mangrove conservation and rehabilitation as a form of new tourism potential in mangrove ecotourism in Bandar Bakau, second to increase participation and empowerment based on local wisdom of the local community, third formulate regulations and policies to preserve mangroves based on local wisdom of the Malay community,

The Development Strategy of Dampit Coffee Ecotourism To Improve the Rural Economy (A Case Study in Amadanom Village, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia)

Coffee is a plantation that has a significant contribution to the economy in Indonesia. One of the centers of coffee production in Indonesia is in East Java Province, including in Dampit District, Malang Regency. At present, the development of Dampit coffee is not only related to its production and marketing but also related to the development of Dampit coffee ecotourism managed by farmer groups Tani Makmur as a strategy to promote Dampit coffee. The purpose of this research are to study the internal and external environment and to analyze the development strategy of Dampit coffee ecotourism in Dampit District, Malang Regency, East Java. The problems that occur in Dampit coffee ecotourism have not been managed optimally, the facilities are still limited and the lack of promotion so that there are few visitors. Therefore, the synergy between all parties including farmer groups, village officials, local government and the private sector needs to be improved.

Strategi pengembangan ekowisata mangrove Bandar Bakau Dumai, Riau

Bandar Bakau Mangrove Ecotourism is one of the most attractive natural tourist destinations in Dumai City. As a reference for future development, this study aims to analyze the mangrove ecotourism development strategy of Bandar Bakau Dumai. Surveys to collect primary data have been carried out in the field and on managers of Bandar Bakau Mangrove Ecotourism in June - November 2020. Meanwhile, secondary data were collected from the Dumai City Government and related literature. The data collected were analyzed descriptively, and to formulate a development strategy carried out using a SWOT analysis approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) from the identification of Internal factors (IFAS) and external factors (EFAS). To make mangrove ecotourism in Bandar Bakau Dumai a natural tourism place that can compete in the future, 4 (four) development strategies have been formulated, namely: 1) Development of Supporting and Supporting Facilities for Mangrove Ecotourism in Bandar Bakau Dumai, 2) Development of Mangrove Ecotourism Products in Bandar Bakau Dumai, 3) Strengthening the Role of Stakeholders in the Development of Mangrove Ecotourism in Bandar Bakau Dumai, and 4) Development of Conservation and Environmental Mitigation of Mangrove Ecotourism in Bandar Bakau Dumai.

Potential analysis of location, socio-culture and biodiversity as ecotourism attraction in Valentine Bay on Buano Island, West Seram, Maluku, Indonesia

Abstract. Siahaya ME, Matius P, Aipassa MI, Rayadin Y, Ruslim Y, Aponno HSES. 2021. Potential analysis of location, socio-culture and biodiversity as ecotourism attraction in Valentine Bay on Buano Island, West Seram, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 438-448. This study aims to analyze the potential of flora and fauna in the mangrove ecosystem as an attraction for ecotourism development, knowing the role of stakeholders in supporting ecotourism development strategies in the mangrove area of Valentine Bay in Buano island, West Seram, Maluku (Moluccas), Indonesia. Based on the results of the study, it was found that (i) The mangrove vegetation had 28 species of plants under 19 families. Vegetation at the level of seedlings, saplings, and trees was found, the dominant species being Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Xylocarpus granatum. The diversity of animals in the Valentine Bay mangrove ecosystem consist of birds, insects, reptiles, mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms, fish, and mammals. Furthermore, there was an endemic fauna of Buano island, namely the Kehicap buano/black-chinned monarch bird (Symposiachrus boanensis) which has started to become rare, and was declared as critically endangered (CR) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; (ii) Stakeholder involvement in ecotourism activities were very supportive; (iii) Development strategies were to develop ecotourism, promote ecotourism attractiveness, develop educational tourism and promote study on the diversity of flora, fauna, culture, and traditional customs on Buano island.

Potensi Pengembangan Ekowisata Berbasis Masyarakat di Kawasan Hutan Selelos Kabupaten Lombok Utara

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of natural and cultural resources, to know the perceptions, participation and aspirations of the community and to develop a community-based ecotourism development strategy in Selelos Village, Gangga District, North Lombok Regency. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative case study and exploratory descriptive to find the potential in the form of biodiversity in the Selelos forest area. Data collection was carried out by observing the biodiversity in it, testing water quality, and using a questionnaire to 50 community respondents and 7 respondents from the village government. The results showed that Selelos Village has a forest area ecosystem that holds several potentials to be developed into ecotourism, including: waterfalls, springs, customary forests, and plantations (agro-tourism). In addition, it has a diversity of flora and fauna, there are about 13 high-level plant families with many species in it, as well as about 5 families of fauna and there are also endemic animals such as partridge and deer (senggah). Of the four springs quality tested, all of them are suitable as raw material for drinking water. Meanwhile, based on the questionnaire analysis, the community and village government will work together in developing and managing ecotourism. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strategy used in developing ecotourism is to take advantage of the strengths of opportunity (S-O), among others; mapping the potential of ecotourism, developing special ecotourism such as agro-tourism, synergizing ecotourism with local culture and customs, equipping, providing facilities and infrastructure, and improving human resources.

The Development of Marine Ecotourism from the Perspective of Interests and Resource Development

Zhu, W.; Tang, J., and Tao, Y., 2020. The development of marine ecotourism from the perspective of interests and resource development. In: Li, L. and Huang, X. (eds.), Sustainable Development in Coastal Regions: A Perspective of Environment, Economy, and Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 112, pp. 187-190. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The main interests of marine ecotourism and the demands and conflicts of resource stakeholders have an important role and impact on the sustainable development of marine ecotourism, and it is urgent to formulate reasonable countermeasures. Based on this, this paper first studies the theory of interest and resource stakeholders of marine ecotourism, then analyzes the main interest and resource development subjects and their demands of marine ecotourism, and finally gives the development strategy of marine ecotourism from the perspective of interest and resource development.

PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE BERBASIS KONSERVASI DI PESISIR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA, KALIMANTAN BARAT

The mangrove ecosystem is a community of plants or forests that are able to adapt to salinity and tides. The composition and structure of mangrove vegetation differ both spatially and temporally. The potential for the use of mangrove ecosystems in West Kalimantan is in areas that have been developed as a mangrove ecotourism destination, one of which is the Standing Bay Mangrove which is located on the coast of Kubu Raya Regency. This conservation-based ecotourism can optimize the potential of the mangrove ecosystem by paying attention to ecological sustainability and creating economic value coastal tourism areas. The purpose of this paper is to determine the concept of mangrove ecotourism development based on conservation. However, with the current pandemic situation, research cannot be carried out directly in the field, so what is done is to analyze the conservation-based mangrove ecotourism development strategy from journals related to this paper. Tourism potential that can be developed is carried out, namely analyzing the carrying capacity of the area, developing ecotourism products with special interest in mangroves, increasing the quality of competent resources, the effectiveness of rehabilitation and wise enforcement of mangrove protection regulations, improving infrastructure, community involvement in developing mangrove ecotourism so that the potential for mangrove ecotourism can be utilized optimally. Develop mangrove conservation and rehabilitation activities as one of the leading tourism programs.

Toward Sustainable Rural Ecotourism Evolution: The Case Of Kiskan, Iran

In Iran, due to the multiplicity, diversity and cultural-natural potential of rural areas, developing ecotourism is accepted as a key solution to sustainable rural development. The government putting strong emphasis on analysing the capacities and obstacles of promoting rural tourism in order to making effective strategies. Kiskan Rural District (KRD) in Kerman Province has great potential for ecotourism development to diversify rural economy, employment and income generation. So the purpose of this study is to investigate the rural ecotourism situation of KRD through SWOT analysis. It is an applied research that uses documentary and field methods including observation, unstructured interview and a questionnaire to data gathering. A group of local managers, counting Village Council Members and Rural Mayors, were selected by snowball sampling method. To this end, the status of rural ecotourism in KRD is determined and the weight of each of the four SWOT factors is measured. Results show that KRD ecotourism development strategy is «SO» (aggressive), which should exploit the strengths to take advantage of the available opportunities.

PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI KAWASAN WADUK KEULILING KECAMATAN KUTA COT GLIE KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

The management of the Keuliling Reservoir area as a tourist attraction is still lacking the attention of the government so that it affects the decline in the quality of reservoir facilities and infrastructures such as parking areas, mushallas, bathrooms, gazebos, view towers, and children's pools. This study aims to model the factors of ecotourism development in reservoir areas against local economic growth, and to find ecotourism development strategies in reservoir areas. This research uses qualitative methods through observation and interviews, and quantitative methods through distributing questionnaires. Respondents in this study aimed at residents of Bak Sukon Village, with a total sample of 87 people. The statistical method used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis using statistical software. The formulation of an ecotourism development strategy is carried out through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD), which consists of ten academics, community leaders, the private sector, and the community. The results showed that the model of ecotourism development factors in the Keuliling Reservoir area that influenced local economic growth in Bak Sukon Village were explanatory factors, improved facilities, ecotourism attractions, ecotourism access, ecotourism facilities, and service factors, with a regression model Y = 0.187X1 + 0,223X2 + 0,303X3 + 0,310X4 + 0,182X5 + 0,173X6. The strategy for developing ecotourism in the Keuliling Reservoir area is zoning, making local government policies, establishing an ecotourism management body, implementing ecotourism development, engaging community participation, and evaluating ecotourism area management activities.

Sustainable ecotourism development strategies through strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis: The case of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

AbstractThis paper aims to find out the sustainability of ecotourism in Cameron Highlands by analyzing thoroughly the current conditions of ecotourism in Cameron Highlands using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis, a strategic planning technique. Based on the analysis, strategies for achieving sustainable tourism development are then developed. Data of the study are collected via questionnaire distribution that involves local experts from the Highlands. Our results indicate that opportunities and strengths outweigh threats and weaknesses, respectively. It is undeniable from the results that the Highlands have great potentials to be an attractive ecotourism spot in the region. However, the Highlands are yet able to meet the sustainability requirements due to inadequate conservation efforts for the environment. The findings of our study are of great importance to the policy makers in developing sustainable strategies to enhance ecotourism activities and to reduce environmental damages in the Highlands.

Optimization of Mangrove Ecosystem Management in Kawasan Bungkutoko, Southeast Sulawesi as Ecotourism Area

This study aims to determine (1) Assessment of Bungkutoko Ecotourism Conditions; and (2) Supporting factors for optimizing management, and (3) strategies for optimizing management. This research will be carried out for three months from September to December 2018 in the Bungkutoko mangrove tracking ecotourism area, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi (Figure 1). Identification of unknown mangrove species will be carried out at the Laboratory of Conservation of forest resources and ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University. The results of the study: (1) Biophysical potential of mangrove ecotourism in Bungkutoko, namely 8 species of mangrove plants consisting of Avicennia lanata, Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis, L faustis and L faecus, and Lizar. from birds and reptiles. (2) Condition of mangrove ecotourism practices in Bungkutoko Not optimal, both in terms of education, conservation and welfare. (3) The ecotourism development strategy in Bungkutoko is in quadrant II (S-T strategy). The strategies formulated in quadrant II include: increasing the availability of educational facilities, increasing efforts to preserve the environment of mangrove forests, empowering local communities, increasing Human Resources, and working with the Kendari city government and the private sector to add infrastructure.