Damage To Ecosystems Research Articles

Empowering an Eco-Conscious Generation: Exciting Introduction to Ecoenzyme-Based Halal Detergents

This research aims to introduce the younger generation to sustainable practices through a Service Learning project at SMPN 1 Tanjungsari. The methods used by Service Learning include learning, workshops, waste fermentation practices, eco-enzyme detergent production, as well as community education and reflection to improve students' holistic learning and environmental awareness. The project involved 30 science club students who were taught to make ecoenzyme-based halal detergents from organic waste. Ecoenzyme, the fermentation of organic waste, is an eco-friendly alternative to chemical detergents that damage ecosystems and human health. Through a series of lectures, workshops, and practical activities, students learned about the fermentation process, product formulation, and the importance of halal certification. The project results showed significant improvements in students' environmental awareness and practical skills, effective and biodegradable detergent formulations, and positive impacts on the community through awareness campaigns and organic waste reduction. The project emphasized the importance of practical and culturally relevant environmental education to form sustainable habits among the younger generation.

Pathway Elucidation and Key Enzymatic Processes in the Biodegradation of Difenoconazole by Pseudomonas putida A-3.

The extensive agricultural use of the fungicide difenoconazole (DIF) and its associated toxicity increasingly damage ecosystems and human health. Thus, an urgent need is to develop environmentally friendly technological approaches capable of effectively removing DIF residues. In this study, strain Pseudomonas putida A-3 was isolated for the first time which can degrade DIF efficiently. After optimization of the degradation conditions, the degradation rate reached 75.98%. Moreover, a new DIF degradation pathway, including hydroxylation, hydrolysis, dechlorination, and ether bond breaking. The acute and chronic toxicity of DIF degradation products assessed using ECOSAR software showed lower toxicity than the parent compound. Furthermore, strain A-3 remarkably accelerated the degradation of DIF in contaminated water-sediment systems. We successfully predicted six potential key enzymes for DIF degradation based on the results of whole genome sequencing, RT-qPCR, and molecular docking. Overall, the results revealed novel pathways for DIF biodegradation and provide a strong candidate for bioremediation of DIF residue-polluted environments.

Multi-objective optimization of hybrid energy systems using gravitational search algorithm

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves, increasing environmental concerns, and energy demands of remote communities have increased the acceptance of using hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). However, choosing an optimal HRES from economic, environmental, reliability, and sustainability aspects is still challenging. To solve this challenge, this study introduces a novel multi-objective optimization approach using the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and non-dominated sorting techniques. The proposed framework addresses four objectives: minimizing the loss of power supply probability, reducing total costs, increasing renewable energy fraction, and lowering CO2 emissions. A carbon tax sensitivity analysis evaluates the system’s economic performance under varying scenarios. Also, the amount of damage caused by the release of carbon dioxide on human health and the ecosystem is examined. In this way, an optimal configuration consisting of wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, and diesel generators is introduced to satisfy the above objectives. Results demonstrate that the GSA outperforms established methods, such as multi-objective particle swarm optimization and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II in Pareto front diversity and convergence. In this work, the optimal system achieves an 18.4% increase in renewable energy share, reducing ecosystem and human health damage by 14.2%. Notably, with a 20% increase in the carbon tax, system costs increased by 3%. These findings underscore the potential of multi-objective optimization combined with carbon tax policies to enhance energy system sustainability and affordability.

Assessing Urban Freight Tours: A Machine Learning and Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Approach for Logistics Management

ABSTRACTThe main aim of this study is to assess urban freight tours through integrating machine learning with the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). The research captures supply chain operations using the Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) model with real‐time data from surveys and Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking. These predictions were analysed using LCSA to assess the sustainability impacts of Hydrogen Fuel Light Commercial Vehicles (HFLCVs) and Electric Light Commercial Vehicles (ELCVs) compared to traditional fuel‐based vehicles. HFLCVs show remarkable reductions in ecosystem and health damage by 58% and 61%, indicating substantial environmental and health benefits. Findings suggest that strategic investment in hydrogen‐fuel and electric LCVs can significantly decrease operational costs and environmental impacts, making them crucial for advancing sustainable urban logistics. This research highlights the benefits and possibilities of using an integrated data‐driven approach to achieve urban sustainability, thus creating an urgency to shift policies favouring green urban freight systems.

Juridical construction of socio-ecological security: Indonesia’s vulnerability to climate change

As an archipelagic state, Indonesia is very vulnerable to losing part of its land and islands due to climate change. Climate change causes atmospheric instability and sea level rise. Sea level rise that causes land loss, ecosystem damage, infrastructure damage, and even massive population displacement, are the impacts of climate change that affect environmental security. At the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992, the goal was to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations to prevent harmful anthropogenic disturbances to the climate system. Therefore, as a response to overcoming the problem of the effectiveness of international environmental law, the idea of juridical construction in the protection of socio-ecological security is needed. Initiatives that can be undertaken by the government include the development of resilient infrastructure systems and land-use planning, as well as the restructuring of spatial planning, particularly for coastal areas and sensitive ecosystems. This research is a normative study that examines the legal framework of socio-ecological security concerning Indonesia’s vulnerability as an archipelagic nation due to the impacts of climate change. This research adopted a normative methodology with legislative and conceptual approaches.

Numerical study on the prediction of oil recovery rates in unconventional reservoirs at high temperatures using ecologically friendly hybrid nanofluids.

Although oil extraction is indispensable for meeting worldwide energy demands and ensuring industrial sustainability, various hazards are observed. Therefore, this study examined the chemical oil recovery-related environmental consequences concerning water, soil, ecosystem, and human health damages. A numerical analysis explored the mathematical model for oil extraction from unconventional sources by utilising 3D porous prism geometries under high-temperature conditions. This unique methodology utilised environmentally friendly TiO2-SiO2 hybrid nanoparticles, which were not previously investigated. The optimal conditions for oil extraction were then determined by simulations performed at 100°C, 150°C, and 200°C for 2h, 4h, 8h, and 12h. This study also explored the optimisation of recovery rates by analysing several variables using ANSYS Fluent software, such as flow rate, porosity, and volume fraction. Consequently, these green TiO2-SiO2 nanoparticles presented an oil recovery rate that was 28% and 6% higher than water-flooding and conventional monofluid injection techniques, respectively. This outcome suggested that these TiO2-SiO2 nanoparticles could enhance efficiency and minimise environmental damage.

Development of Microorganisms Capable of Absorbing Environmental Pollutants through Synthetic Biological Engineering

In Indonesia, environmental pollution is a major concern, especially in industrialised and urban areas. The use of synthesised microorganisms can be an innovative solution to rehabilitate the damaged ecosystems in this region. In this research, an innovative approach based on synthetic biological engineering will be developed to create microbes that have an optimal capacity to absorb and decompose various types of environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals (Pb and Hg), hydrocarbons (benzene), and organic waste (phenol). The results show that the engineered bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and Alcaligenes eutrophus showed high pollutant removal efficiency (85-93%) under laboratory conditions. These results support the potential of synthetic biology technology as an innovative solutions in bioremediation of polluted environments. This research makes a real contribution to green technology innovation in environmental pollution mitigation, supporting the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially on points 6 (Clean Water) and 15 (Land Ecosystems).

Modeling Canal Blocking with Endemic Vegetation in Jatimulyo Village

Peatland fires in Jambi Province are recurrent, consuming above-ground vegetation and causing large-scale ecosystem damage. Peat ecosystem restoration efforts must begin with rewetting through the construction of canal blocks to inhibit water loss and keep peat soil moist during the dry season. The construction of canal blocks in peatlands has been carried out, including in Jatimulyo Village, Dendang District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. Semi-permanent canal bulkhead structures often break down if the water discharge from upstream is very large so that the bulkhead does not last long. The purpose of this activity was to design a model for strengthening canal bulkheads using endemic vegetation species including pulai, jelutong, and gelam planted on the bulkhead body structure. Endemic vegetation planting was carried out in four canals by planting pulai, gelam, and jelutong seedlings. Each canal was planted with a distance of 50x 50 cm so that there were approximately 74 seedlings planted in each canal bulkhead body. This PKM activity is expected to have an ecological impact on peatlands, especially in Jatimulyo Village, both in the short term to strengthen the canal structure and in the long term to maintain a wet state on peatlands.

AKSI BERSIH PANTAI TERHADAP PENGURANGAN SAMPAH DAN MENJAGA KEBERLANJUTAN LINGKUNGAN DI KAWASAN PANTAI MARINA SEMARANG

Waste pollution in the Marina Beach area of Semarang has reached a critical stage, threatening ecosystem sustainability and reducing the beach's tourist attraction. The background of this issue prompted a community service initiative aimed at reducing waste volume in the coastal area and increasing public awareness about environmental preservation. The implementation method employed a descriptive-observational approach, including direct beach condition observations, beach clean-up actions, and tree planting as a symbolic environmental restoration effort. The service results demonstrated a significant reduction in waste volume and increased participant awareness of environmental issues. Through provided education, the activity successfully encouraged a shift in community mindset regarding waste management and the importance of environmental conservation. Tree planting contributed to ecosystem damage mitigation efforts, with the hope of providing long-term benefits for coastal environmental sustainability

Principles and Applications of Ecological Landscape Design

With the industrial revolution and the increasing world population, human needs have started to be supplied uncontrollably by the biophysical environment/nature. In recent years, designers, planners, and practitioners have actively developed and discussed new ideas to reduce ecosystem destruction and create a sustainable environment. One of these applications is ecological landscape design. Ecological landscape design creates a double-sided sustainable system for people and the ecosystem. By focusing on the natural characteristics of a site and implementing sustainable practices, ecological landscape design aims to enhance biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the resilience of ecosystems, ultimately contributing to the well-being of communities and ensuring a sustainable environment for future generations. In this context, today, ecological design practices aim to minimise the ecosystem's damage and meet the user's needs. Within the scope of this study, the principles of ecological landscape design were determined and evaluated, and the aim was to reveal the application methods and tools of ecological landscape design.

Life cycle assessment of electric and gasoline moto-taxis in Yucatán, México: Impact of battery technology and social considerations

To address the climate crisis driven by elevated GHG emissions, electrification of terrestrial transportation is a key strategy. This includes motorcycle taxis (moto-taxis), widely used in rural and peri-urban areas for short-distance passenger transport in Mexico. This study integrates environmental and social dimensions to evaluate moto-taxis in the Yucatán Peninsula, a region characterized by its unique energy matrix and socio-economic context. A cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), performed using SimaPro software and aligned with ISO 14040/14044 standards, compared gasoline-powered moto-taxis (M-gasoline) with electric moto-taxis using lead-acid (M‑lead) and lithium-ion (M‑lithium) batteries. The use-phase results reveal that M‑lithium has the lowest environmental impacts, followed by M‑lead and M-gasoline. Endpoint analysis further indicates that M-gasoline exhibits the highest single-score impacts in all damage categories, including human health, ecosystems, and resource scarcity. Specifically, the ecosystem damage caused by M-gasoline is more than three times that of its electric counterparts. Midpoint analysis highlights that M‑lead shows the highest impacts in freshwater and marine ecotoxicity, while M‑lithium exhibits elevated impacts in marine eutrophication, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and resource scarcity due to fossil fuel-based electricity. Social challenges such as driver safety, lack of social security, gender inequality, and limited financial support further influence the adoption of electric moto-taxis. Addressing these requires regulatory improvements, targeted subsidies, and inclusive urban planning. These findings underscore the need to enhance battery technology, transition to renewable energy, and implement socio-political solutions to advance sustainable urban mobility in developing regions. By contextualizing the study within Yucatán, this research offers insights applicable to similar regions transitioning to electric mobility.

Optimizing an integrated hybrid energy system with hydrogen-based storage to develop an off-grid green community for sustainable development in Bangladesh

An integrated renewable system that utilizes solid waste-based biogas is important steps towards the sustainable energy solutions to rural off-grid communities in Bangladesh. In this study, a hybrid energy system consisting of photovoltaic modules, wind turbines, biogas generators, fuel cells, and electrolyzer-hydrogen tank-based energy storage is optimized using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The hybrid system is optimized based on the cost of energy and human health damage as objective functions, and a fuzzy decision-making technique is employed to determine the optimal solution to the multi-objective approach. Additionally, several economic, ecological, and social indicators are also investigated while meeting a certain load reliability. An energy management strategy has been developed in the MATALB environment to satisfy the community load and the battery-driven electric vehicle load. Results from this comprehensive analysis suggest that the optimal configuration of PV/WT/FC/BG has an energy cost of 0.1634 $/kWh, and an ecosystem damage of 0.00098 species.year. The human health damage and the human development index of the optimized system are 0.1732 DALYs and 0.696 DALYs, respectively. Additionally, the proposed system has a lifecycle emission of 123,730 kg CO2-eq/year, carbon emission penalties of $1856/year, a job creation potential of 30 jobs/MW over the 25 years of project lifetime. The hybrid system oversees solid waste management solutions and provides the community with sustainable energy and vehicle recharge.

The potential of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) as bioindicators at IPB Dramaga Campus

Abstract Insects such as longhorn beetles play a crucial role in the environment as they serve as indicators of ecosystem balance. Longhorn beetles are commonly utilized as bioindicators for assessing ecosystem damage due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. This research aims to analyze the presence of longhorn beetles as potential bioindicators in several stands at IPB Dramaga Campus, namely in the Segitiga Silvikultur (SS), Arboretum FAHUTAN (AF), and Taman Hutan Kampus (THK). The research method employed Artocarpus traps to capture longhorn beetles. The results indicate that the highest abundance of longhorn beetles was found in the THK plot due to the availability of sufficient food sources. The abundance of longhorn beetles was recorded at 27 individuals comprising 5 species, with Acalolepta rusticatrix dominating all research plots. Several factors influencing the presence of longhorn beetles include climatic factors, tree diversity, and human activities. Some longhorn beetle species have the potential to serve as bioindicators of forest ecosystem changes due to their distinctive habitats, such as Sybra fuscotriangularis, Epepeotes luscus, Pterolophia sp., and Ropica marmorata.

Analysis of environmental utilization in sustainable development based on environmental law perspective

Abstract One of the biggest challenges in sustainable development is how to optimally utilize natural resources without damaging the ecosystem functions that support human life and other living things. Natural resources such as water, land, forests, minerals, and energy are important assets that must be preserved so that they can be utilised fairly and responsibly by current and future generations. For this reason, strategies and policies are needed that can integrate economic, social and environmental aspects of natural resource management. Environmental law studies are studies that examine legal aspects related to environmental protection and management. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which environmental law can provide a normative basis for the sustainable use of natural resources. This research is a normative juridical research using data analysis in the form of qualitative juridical analysis. The utilisation of natural resources must pay attention to the needs of environmentally sound development, namely development that does not damage ecosystem functions and environmental balance. Thus, environmental law review can provide recommendations that can be used as a reference for stakeholders in making decisions related to environmental issues.

Analysis of Cumulative Energy Demand Potential Using Life Cycle Assessment Approach: A Case Study of XYZ Laboratory

Environmental issues such as ecosystem damage, degradation and climate change require effective environmental management strategy. This study analyzes the cumulative energy demand (CED) potential of the XYZ Laboratory activities using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The LCA methodology, adhering to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards, encompasses goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assesment, and interpretation. Data were collected from XYZ Laboratory's activities during 2023, focusing on four main process units: sample administration, fulfillment of testing laboratory conditions, sample preparation, and instrumentation analysis. The environmental impact of CED was characterized using OpenLCA version 2.0 software with the Ecoinvent database and then calculated using a spreadsheet. The result is XYZ Laboratory have a significant environmental impact. The instrumentation analysis stage and sample preparation stage are the two highest potential impacts of CED with a contribution of 52.559 MJ per analysis service (50.948%) and 35.970 MJ per analysis service (34.867%).The study concludes that significant efforts are required to reduce energy use and environmental impact, suggesting techniques such as good housekeeping, input change, better process control, technology change, on-site reuse and recycling, and production of useful by-products. These strategies aim to enhance energy efficiency of laboratory operations.

Community Based Management Of Sustainable Mangrove Ecosystems In Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi

Mangrove ecosystems are a form of important role in maintaining the stability of the coastal environment that has ecological, physical and economic-social functions so as to provide interaction between people who live in mangrove areas. efforts in managing sustainable mangrove ecosystems in order to provide carrying capacity to all parties so as to identify, analyze, determine the needs and potential of natural resources in mangrove ecosystems. Mangrove ecosystem damage is caused by two things, namely community activities and natural factors so as to prevent degradation, the application of sustainable mangrove ecosystem management is carried out optimally to preserve mangroves. The study aims to determine the observation of ecosystems and community concepts in sustainable mangrove management in Kendari City. This research method uses descriptive quantitative with sampling techniques using cluster sampling and direct observation data collection. The results of this study indicate that the results of observations from two areas in Kendari City, namely mangroves in the Nambo area with observations of natural / bio and physical environment score range 23 is quite fulfilling for mangrove management while mangroves in the Bungkutoko area score range 37 is very fulfilling said to be sustainable for mangrove management and the results of the questionnaire statement regarding the concept of management descriptively shows community-based sustainable ecosystem management strongly agrees to be well implemented and can be said to be sustainable in mangrove ecosystem management Kendari City Southeast Sulawesi.

The Dilemma of Deforestation in Indonesia: The Perspective of Buya Hamka and Quraish Shihab (Comparative Study of Al Misbah Interpretation & Al Azhar Interpretation)

This research is motivated by the increasingly complex environmental problems in Indonesia, such as deforestation, water and air pollution, ecosystem damage, and the significant impacts of climate change. The environmental crisis is not only caused by inappropriate policies, but also by the low public awareness of the importance of preserving nature. In this context, Islamic thought derived from the Qur'an is relevant to provide moral and practical solutions. This study examines the wisdom of two great Indonesian scholars, Buya Hamka and Quraish Shihab, through their tafsir works, Tafsir Al-Azhar and Tafsir Al-Misbah, which contain views on the relationship between humans and nature. This comparative study aims to identify the relevance of the interpretations of the two figures in answering contemporary environmental problems in Indonesia. Although there are differences in methodology in interpretation, both Buya Hamka and Quraish Shihab emphasize the importance of environmental ethics and human responsibility as caliphs on earth. In conclusion, their interpretations not only have theological value, but also provide relevant practical guidelines for addressing environmental challenges in Indonesia.

The role of mosses in 'clean and green' phytoremediation technology: a review paper.

Phytoremediation, the practice of removing heavy metals from contaminated sites using plants, has emerged as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly green technology to restore damaged ecosystems. Mosses, in particular, demonstrate high phytoremediation potential due to their ability to accumulate heavy metals such as lead, zinc, copper, chromium, cadmium, and iron from contaminated soil and water. This review systematically examines 37 research articles published from 2000 to 2022, focusing on the on the use of mosses for phytoremediation. Moss species, such as Funaria hygrometrica Hedw, Scopelophila cataractae (Mitten) Brotherus, Dicranum scoparium Hedw, Dicranum polysetum Sw. ex anon, Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw, Physcomitrium cyathicarpum Mitt, Barbula constricta Mitt, and Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. have been identified as ideal candidates for phytoremediation efforts. Specific species of mosses, such as Dicranum species, are noted for their excellent bioaccumulation capabilities of elements like vanadium, manganese, and rubidium, serving as indicators of air pollution. Additionally, Hypnum cupressiforme has proven to be a reliable indicator of sulfur dioxide in natural and anthropogenic sources. This comprehensive review highlights the significant phytoremediation potential of mosses, emphasizing their role as valuable bioaccumulators and indicators of heavy metals and pollutants. The findings highlight the necessity of further research to enhance the application of mosses in environmental management and remediation strategies, ultimately contributing to the development of sustainable and effective solutions for pollution control.

Ecosystem damage by increasing tropical cyclones

Climate change is driving an ongoing increase in tropical cyclone (TC) activity. While global economic losses are projected to double by 2100, there are no comparable predictions for TC impacts to coastal ecosystems that protect and sustain human lives and livelihoods. Here, rising North Atlantic TC (NATC) activity from 1970 to 2019, influenced by anthropogenic and natural climate forcing, is used to study the ecosystem impacts of intensifying TCs, potentially indicative of broader future climate change scenarios. Analysis of 97 NATC landfalls revealed 891 immediate post-storm impacts on ecosystems, with particularly detrimental effects on mangrove forests. Specifically, NATCs reduced the performance of individual species. Additionally, they altered community structure and processes through impacts on foundation species and their associated organisms. The severity of impacts was directly correlated with NATC landfall intensity (wind speed) for mangroves, whereas changes to waves, surge, sediments, and salinity caused most impacts on coral reefs, salt marshes, seagrass meadows, and oyster reefs (respectively), indicating complex intensity-damage interactions for many ecosystems. The analyses also revealed a positive correlation between very intense NATC activity and ecosystem damages. The research highlights a concerning trend of escalating impacts on coastal ecosystems under rising storm intensities, with the potential to challenge ecosystem resilience.

Agricultural irrigation development in Castilla y León (Spain): driving forces and outcomes for landscape and sustainability in the 21st century

ContextAgriculture relies on irrigation in many parts of the world, and the need for irrigation is increasing due to rising demands for agricultural products and climate change-induced alterations in rainfall patterns. However, irrigated agriculture has been found to damage ecosystems and threaten landscape sustainability.ObjectivesAgainst this background, there has been a recent development towards large-scale irrigation in Spain. The aim of this study is to understand this development at the landscape level and its impact in the context of landscape sustainability.MethodsWe focused on two study sites in Castilla y León using a mixed-methods approach. We studied driving forces, landscape changes, and sustainability outcomes through document analysis, interviews, and aerial photograph analysis.ResultsThe development of a landscape-level underground pipe network took place at one study site and is planned for the second study site. Interviewees perceived institutional and social driving forces as particularly influential and technological driving forces as less influential. Political and economic driving forces were often interlinked. The irrigation development tied to land consolidation led to landscape changes, such as the removal of trees and increases in field size. Thus, in terms of environmental sustainability, trade-offs were found, while social sustainability outcomes were mainly positive. The impact on farmers’ economic security varied.ConclusionsFor further landscape-level irrigation developments, we recommend integrating preserving seminatural habitats and the structural diversity of the agricultural landscape in planning processes. We also recommend a shift towards more water efficient crops, evapotranspiration management, and a new funding scheme for farmers to offset rising electricity costs.