Ukrainian Economy Research Articles

CONCEPT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN URBAN ECOSYSTEM: MAIN THEORETICAL APPROACHES

The article reveals the basic theoretical approaches to the formation of a green urban ecosystem in the conditions of modern urbanization. The importance of ecological planning in cities and the impact of green spaces on improving the urban environment are substantiated. The necessity of introducing new methods of managing urban ecosystems, taking into account modern environmental challenges, has been established. Based on the set goal, modern approaches to planning and management of green infrastructure are considered. It is argued that the integration of natural components into urban structures is a key prerequisite for the sustainable development of urban areas. The main principles of creation and maintenance of the urban ecosystem were studied, in particular in the context of adaptation to climate change. The main trends in the development of green spaces in cities have been determined. Further perspectives of research should be directed to the integration of innovative solutions to improve the ecological condition of urban areas. The article also discusses the concept of urban ecosystems and what functions they perform. The latest scientific studies on the growing interest in the problems of green infrastructure development in cities were analyzed. Fifteen principles of green urbanism are analyzed in detail and examples of how they are implemented in some countries of the European Union are given. It is proved that the implementation of the concept of "green" economy is possible only if state mechanisms are introduced to encourage investment in environmentally safe production. Attention is focused on the need to change the methods and forms of fiscal policy at the government level, adopt appropriate laws and regulations, radically reform the policy of subsidizing and supporting renewable energy sources, and further increase investment in the "green" sectors of the economy. It is shown that the development and implementation of the concept of "green" economy in Ukraine should be considered as the main reference point and the basis of state policy. To improve environmental safety in the capital, it is necessary to consistently implement a range of organizational, technical, innovative and other environmental measures with mandatory definition of the social optimum of environmental quality, which will be accompanied by increasing environmental costs and significantly increasing society's requirements for economical use.

SPECIFICITY OF THE CREATION OF THE ECONOMIC AND LEGAL MECHANISM FOR THE FORMATION OF A GREEN ECONOMY

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of the formation of the green economy as an important direction of the development of society. The article identifies the main problems on the way to the development of the green economy. So, in particular, they include the lack of a clear, comprehensive economic and legal mechanism that would take into account the peculiarities of the national economy, legal system and environmental policy. The purpose of the article is to determine the key aspects of creating an economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy. It was determined that an effective economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy should be based on the harmonization of economic and legal aspects, as well as a comprehensive approach to its construction. The authors reveal the main economic aspects of the formation of the green economy (financing and investments, pricing and environmental taxes, innovation stimulation). It has been established that legislative initiatives, regulatory bodies and control, international agreements and standards, as well as national strategies and programs should be included in the legal aspects of the formation of a green economy. It was noted that the main lever for achieving success in the process of establishment and development of the green economy is the establishment of cooperation between state bodies, the private sector and the public. It was determined that attracting financial resources, developing effective legislation, control and monitoring, as well as international cooperation are key elements for achieving sustainable development and ensuring environmental safety. The authors concluded that the prospects for the formation of a green economy in Ukraine are quite favorable, provided that an integrated approach to the solution of environmental problems and the creation of an economic and legal mechanism for the formation of a green economy are provided. The implementation of the green economy will not only improve the quality of life and preserve the environment, but will also become an important factor in economic growth and increasing the country's competitiveness at the international level.

ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE: DETERMINATION OF FACTORS AND WAYS OF ITS ACTIVATION

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of investment activity, analyse the current level of investment activity in the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy and identify factors and methods of its increase. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the fundamental principles of national economic management, investment activity and development of agricultural production entities. The research used the following scientific methods: axiomatic (to establish basic definitions that clarify the essence of the study), systematic (to identify components within the agricultural production sector), institutional (to construct the subject-object framework of the institutional environment for investment activity in agricultural production), correlation-regression analysis (to identify key predictors influencing investment activity in the agricultural sector), abstraction (to prioritise the stimulation of investment activity in agricultural production), and reproductive (to substantiate alternative strategies for attracting investment in agricultural enterprises). The results of the study show that diversification of investment sources and modernisation of technological infrastructure of agricultural production are important prerequisites for institutional reforms in the agricultural sector of the country. Increasing investment activity in agricultural enterprises can be achieved by creating a favourable investment climate. This includes government initiatives to create a transparent and stable regulatory framework, simplify bureaucratic processes, and ensure legal and financial stability. Another key aspect is to facilitate access to financial instruments such as low-interest loans, grants and subsidies to support the development of agricultural enterprises. The results of the study are presented in the form of tables, figures, graphs, diagrams and charts. Practical implications. Given the high level of integration of the domestic agricultural sector into the global food market, it is worth exploring the potential of using customs instruments to stimulate investment processes. Such instruments could include a zero VAT rate for investment agricultural goods and measures to prevent double taxation. Value / Оriginality. Investment activity in Ukraine can be intensified under the following conditions: ensuring financing for innovations; developing and implementing a system of measures to increase the investment activity of commercial banks; promoting the development of the stock market and venture capital; developing investment infrastructure; borrowing the best international experience in assessing the efficiency of business centres and business incubators; forming an investment and innovation culture in society, etc.

FORECASTING THE INNOVATIVE AND DIGITAL STRENGTH OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY ON THE BASIS OF CORRELATION-REGRESS ANALYSIS

The purpose of the research is to present the realised forecasts of Ukraine's economic power in order to find reserves for the recovery of the national economy and opportunities for the formation of digital entrepreneurship on the basis of innovative functioning, which will lead to economic growth in the medium and long term. The object of scientific research is the expenditure on SRD and S&T development by types of work in Ukraine from 2010 to 2022 and the analysis of indicators of GDP the influence of time, employment and inflation factors; expansion of digital capabilities of entrepreneurship due to the conducted R&D, which will become a guarantee of the emergence of breakthrough innovations as one of the key reserves of innovative and digital development of the country during the war and post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Methodology. A study was conducted utilising dialectical, systematic, mathematical and statistical methods to investigate the R&D expenses by types of work in Ukraine from 2010 to 2022 and the GDP from 2011 to 2023. This analysis determined the prospective existing reserve of economic strength with positive dynamics and highlighted the necessity for a strategic format of digital business work based on innovation. A CRA was conducted to determine the strength of the relationship between SRD expenditures and time (i.e., a set of factors that consistently influence SRD funding and drive its growth trend). Fisher's test was calculated, and an econometric analysis was performed based on GDP indicators over 56 quarters, establishing the dependence of the GDP volume on the time factor and the cyclicality of seasonal fluctuations. Resluts. The conditions for accelerating the digitisation of business processes at domestic enterprises are, in particular, the presence of highly qualified S&R personnel, innovators and researchers in the country, the development of new institutes of innovative and digital development, and the transformation and adaptation of old institutes of development to the existing conditions. The obtained data of CRA show that there is a close relationship between the GDP of Ukraine and the time factor, and the direction of the relationship is direct, i.e., linear, which in this case is a positive fact. It is determined that in pursuit of the goal of restoring the innovative potential of the national economy in the post-war period and further active development of digital entrepreneurship in Ukraine, it is necessary to continue financial support for scientific research and scientific and technical developments carried out in various sectors of the economy. Practical implications. The analysed statistical data had a positive impact on the professionalism of the forecast calculations and allowed to state that in 2027, with a probability of error of 6.29%, the volume of expenditures on research and development is projected to range from 20,202.74 to 29,201.18 million UAH. The results of the CRA show that the multiple correlation coefficient (R) is 0.94, which indicates a close overall relationship between the country's GDP and three independent variables (inflation rate, unemployment rate, time factor). The linear regression equation fits the sample data well and the model is qualitative. The results of the forecast are as follows: Ukraine has the potential for post-war recovery and can develop models for post-war economic reconstruction and changes in its structure. Government officials can develop institutional instruments to attract investment and provide effective mechanisms for the future transformation of the existing labour market and human capital institution. Value / Originality. Having conducted a thorough analysis of the statistical data on the dynamics of spending on S&T development and implementation of the SRD in Ukraine in 2010-2022, the authors managed to determine the relative error of approximation – a criterion for assessing the reliability of the forecast, which amounted to 8.74% and considered the approximation to be qualitative, and the forecast for 2027 is reliable. It is determined that the regression equation is most accurate when R2 approaches its maximum value, that is, 1, and in this case, it is 0.9096, which is a good result and means that the linear regression equation fits the sample data well and the model is of high quality. And for Ukraine's economy, which is under martial law, such positive expectations for GDP and the possibility of increasing R&D spending give hope that Ukraine's economic strength is real, as confirmed by the forecast calculations.

Export of agricultural products as a determinant of currency security of Ukrainian economy

Purpose. The purpose of this study is the development of the methodological approach for estimation the impact of agri-food exports on the monetary sphere of Ukraine in order to substantiate the prospective directions of the export potential of agricultural products as the factor in ensuring the currency security of Ukraine. Methodology / approach. The following methods were used: literature review in determining the main trends in the export of agricultural products based on the analysis of publications; economic and statistical analysis to assess the impact of key factors on the formation of the export potential of agricultural products and its impact on exchange rate formation; ARDL modelling, Dickey-Fuller, and Engle-Granger tests to estimate the impact of different factors on exchange rate changes. Results. The paper highlights the immediate and delayed influence of selected factors on the dynamics of the exchange rate in Ukraine, showing that the export of food products and raw materials for their production can significantly strengthen the national currency in the long-run. The continuous growth in food exports contributes to a slower appreciation of the exchange rate, which ultimately leads to a stronger national currency. Therefore, the strategy of focusing on increasing food exports can play a vital role in bolstering the Ukrainian currency in the long-run by exerting a positive influence on the exchange rate dynamics and contributing to the overall economic stability. Originality / scientific novelty. The study contributes to the understanding of the complex interplay between war, food security, and economic stability. The novelty implies the ARDL model of the influence of agricultural exports on the currency and exchange rate sphere of the Ukrainian economy. Additionally, the analysis adds new dimension to the discussion on the strategic importance of the agricultural sector for foreign exchange reserves and currency accumulation. Practical value / implications. The practical value is that understanding the relationship between export volumes, global prices, and exchange rate movements can help in predicting and managing currency fluctuations more effectively. By identifying the time frames for the return of exchange rate shocks to their long-term equilibrium and the impact of various factors on currency valuation, the study aims policy-making processes at ensuring currency security for the state.

War shock and the economy

AbstractThe main features of war shock are substantially different from those of the preceding COVID-19 shock. The EU economy is showing important elements of resilience. The existing structural forces and adaptive capacity of the EU economy are clear indications that it is capable of transformation and avoiding recession.The dynamics of the war is also crucial in terms of economic impacts. There are still many uncertainties about the future course of the war and its ramifications. The fundamental question is whether the war is heading in the direction of escalation or de-escalation. Unless the war spreads beyond Ukraine and the conventional means of warfare, its global economic consequences may be limited after the initial shock. New adjustment processes in the field of green and digital transition can be set in motion in parallel with the suffering and turmoil of war shock. New market players could emerge in the energy markets.The prolonged war continues to challenge the Ukrainian economy, but it can remain viable with massive external support. The Russian economy could suffer serious erosion, with its comparative advantage being wasted.There is a real threat of deglobalisation and the emergence of a fragmented world economy, but the counteracting factors appear to be much stronger. However, the prolonged war continues to pose major and unpredictable threats to the countries affected directly and indirectly, to Europe and to the world economy.

Opportunities and Threats for the Strategic Development of Ukraine's Economy until 2030

The process of strategic development of Ukraine's economy is largely complicated by the presence of a hot vase of military operations on the territory of the state. Nevertheless, for the post-war recovery, it is necessary to develop key areas of economic development today. Given the current level of GDP, which has decreased by 4% compared to the pre-war period, and the outflow of capital investments, which amounted to almost 50%. Given the relevance of the research topic, its purpose can be defined as a generalisation of approaches to the development of directions for the strategic development of Ukraine's economy with specification of opportunities and threats until 2030. The study used a systematic review of the scientific literature with a focus on publications from the last five years to ensure that the analysis of Ukraine's economic development strategy is up-to-date and relevant. The research methods included the construction of a strategic map to outline key areas of economic recovery, complemented by a SWOT analysis to assess opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses. Based on the results of the literature search, 40 scientific papers were selected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases that are directly related to the research topic. It is proved that during the period of post-war recovery and the creation and further implementation of the economic growth strategy, emphasis should be placed on ensuring the following areas of development of the Ukrainian economy: creating a favourable and maximally transparent investment climate to attract investors; countering demographic changes and creating conditions for the return of the population that left Ukraine at the beginning of the war; diversifying economic processes and the economic potential of the State; ensuring the restoration of the energy sector In addition, in the process of developing the topic, a strategic map for the implementation of strategic directions for ensuring Ukraine's economic development until 2030 was created. The SWOT analysis has identified both opportunities and threats in implementing the action plan, with the main condition being the end of active hostilities in the country.

Evaluation of the Level of Inclusive Development of the Ukrainian Economy

Evaluation of the Level of Inclusive Development of the Ukrainian Economy

The Use of Tax Incentives to Attract Foreign Investment to Ukraine: A Solution to the Current Economic Instability

This article analyses the effectiveness of existing tax incentives aimed at developing the Ukrainian economy and contributing to post-war reconstruction. Statistical economic analyses, trend comparison and forecasting were used to examine the incentive instruments. The article details various tax incentives and analyses the activities of international agencies and funds that provide security for such financing. Recent examples of international brands investing in Ukraine’s reconstruction are considered, as well as the State Tax Service of Ukraine’s guide to tax incentives. In addition, the article looks at the distribution of recovery investment projects, both by region and chronology.

Ukrainian Economy in the Era of Digital Branding: Risks and Opportunities

In the global digital economy, this study examines how digital branding affects the competitiveness and market growth of Ukrainian businesses. The study uses a meta-analysis of 50 quantitative studies to determine the effectiveness of digital branding strategies. It focuses on key areas including data analytics, personalized marketing, and reaching a global market. A thorough search strategy was used to find relevant studies that had been published in peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and other academic works. The digital archives of the Ukrainian National Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were some of the databases that were searched. The keywords that were searched for included "digital branding," "Ukraine," "online consumer behaviour," "data privacy in digital marketing," "digital marketing strategies," "branding challenges in emerging markets," and others that were similar. To ensure the reliability and validity of these findings, a rigorous grading methodology was employed. Studies were assessed based on their sample size, research design, and the robustness of their statistical analyses. The grading process allowed for the categorization of studies into different quality tiers, ensuring that the meta-analysis drew primarily from high-quality sources. This approach strengthens the confidence in the effect sizes reported. Digital branding makes a big difference in the market and in getting people to interact with a brand. For example, targeted marketing through data analytics has an overall effect size of 0.56, and personalized digital experiences have an effect size of 0.60. However, the study also finds numerous problems, especially when it comes to data security. An effect size of 0.51 shows that problems related to privacy are concerning, and an effect size of 0.46 demonstrates a lack of trust in companies. These results show that Ukrainian businesses need to take strong steps to protect customer data and follow clear business practices. The study found that digital branding can help Ukraine's economy grow, but the pros and cons must be carefully weighed against the need for proactive risk management. This study has a lot to teach businesses and policymakers who want to make their digital branding strategies better for long-term economic growth.

Digital transformation as a tool for creating an inclusive economy in Ukraine during wartime

The russian aggression against Ukraine underscores the need to reassess regional strategies for digitalization and inclusivity. The study aims to identify strategies for enhancing these areas during wartime. Taxonomy and cluster and factor analysis methods have shown that regions with a higher level of digitalization have lower levels of poverty and unemployment. Specifically, regions in the top quartile of the digitalization index reported, on average, 12% lower unemployment rates compared to those in the bottom quartile. The analysis identifies distinct regional groupings: areas such as Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, Donetsk, and Luhansk are partially occupied and exhibiting low digitalization and inclusivity, in contrast with Mykolaiv and Kirovohrad that show moderate progress. Rural regions face a significant digital divide, with only 60% of rural households having stable internet access compared to 90% in urban areas. Factor analysis confirms that wartime conditions have accelerated digital transformation, evidenced by a 42% increase in Diia app usage from 2021 to 2023 and a rise in internet penetration from 62% in 2019 to 78% in 2023. Additionally, IT sector export revenues grew by 20% in 2022, and technology startups doubled between 2019 and 2023. The study proposes a strategic framework for regional adaptation: intensive digitalization and inclusivity for Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions; digitalization for Mykolaiv region; inclusivity for Kirovohrad and Zakarpattia regions; and balanced adaptation for Chernivtsi and Khmelnytskyi regions. Recommended measures include modernizing digital infrastructure, expanding educational opportunities, supporting startups, and aligning digital and social initiatives to foster regional resilience and development.

Legal regulation of inventions, utility models in Ukraine and the EU

The author considered the legal regulation of inventions and utility models in Ukraine and European experience. The legislation of Ukraine by year regarding inventions, useful models and the experience of solving issues in this field of some European countries was analyzed by year . The importance of gaining experience for development of a more predictable policy in the field of intellectual property and harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with international legal norms as well as adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the EU legislation were determined. The importance of working with intangible assets, in particular, in the conditions of russia's aggressive war against Ukraine, was determined, as far as it is a proven way to ensure economic growth and stability. Intangible assets include the results of research and development works, in particular, inventions, useful models, etc. Intangible assets, invisible to a non-specialist, can help to improve economic prospects, create higher-paying jobs and improve product quality as well. On the basis of the study of legislation in the field of intellectual property in Ukraine and the EU, there were identified some issues, that require deeper study and quick resolution needed for the development of Ukrainian economy. Namely, shortening the terms of examination of inventions and useful models, finding new ways to increase the motivation of authors to create inventions and useful models. During the research, it was found that a patent for a utility model can provide advantages to its owner on the market for a short time, since after 2-3 years, when a patent for an invention can be obtained, the product under the patent will no longer find demand and will not allow the manufacturer to return the investments, spent on its development and promotion to the market. Therefore, in order to preserve some branches of industry in Ukraine, it is proposed to leave the object of a useful model, the legal protection of which is provided – it can be a substance. This will save, for example, the chemical and oil refining industries in Ukraine.

The development of educational gerontology in Ukraine under martial law

The full-scale military invasion of the Russian Federation aggressor country into Ukraine has led to the mobilisation of Ukrainian citizens of the draft age and caused a reduction in the labour market of young and middle-aged specialists. To support the labour market and economy of Ukraine, the need arose to introduce elderly people into the educational system. Therefore, the main aim of this article was to determine the specific grounds for developing educational gerontology during the full-scale military invasion of Ukraine. The data for the research were assessed using quantitative and qualitative methods, including questionnaires, observation, and analysis of data and documents. The study of the main fields of educational gerontology chosen by elderly people revealed the following: digital technology, management, health and wellness, language and culture, creative arts, engineering and infrastructure, agriculture, and logistics and supply. Researchers of educational gerontology in the USA and European countries (including Ukraine up to February 2022) identified the main reasons for the need to include elderly persons in the educational process, namely: loneliness, mental health support, and socialisation. After February 2022, the main reasons for including the elderly in the educational process expanded to include the shortage of specialists in various fields of the economy due to the mobilisation of young and middle-aged adults into the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the tragic loss of life from the bombings of Ukrainian cities and villages, and the outflow of human resources abroad. These circumstances necessitate the development of adult learning strategies and the establishment of a network of educational gerontology institutes, which will provide mental health support for the elderly and include them in the socio-economic environment

Structural changes in the foreign sector and its consequences for the economy of Ukraine

The paper defines the essence and role of the external sector in the development of the national economy. It has been studied that the main endogenous and exogenous factors affecting the state and structure of the external sector of the national economy are globalization, technological progress, foreign economic policy and economic integration. The impact of the war on the development of the external sector of Ukraine's economy is substantiated. In particular, the main consequences of the impact of the war on the external sector of Ukraine's economy are the disruption of trade, the insecurity of investments, and the instability of the national currency. It was analyzed that during the period 2020-2022, the deficit of foreign trade in goods and services of Ukraine increased significantly, by more than two times. This negative trend was due to a significant reduction in the export of Ukrainian goods caused by military actions, which led to a decrease in production and complications with logistics. On the other hand, the import of goods to Ukraine decreased slightly. An important aspect is that the share of raw materials in the export structure is constantly growing. Only in the period of 2021-2022, the share of raw products in the export structure increased by as much as 13.3%, which is of a threatening nature in general for the national security of Ukraine. The structure of imports almost did not change, but the volume of imports also decreased, although significantly less than exports. Such a reduction in imports, especially in 2022, is dictated by the contraction of Ukraine's economy, primarily the level of consumption. Since at least 3 million people left Ukraine during the war, inflation and devaluation of the national currency increased, and the economy was partially transferred to military lines. It has been established that a chronic deficit in the balance of goods and services can lead to the accumulation of external imbalances and negatively affect the stability of the country's economy. The analysis of the external debt structure of the Ukrainian economy reveals both challenges and opportunities. While the high level of external debt poses risks to economic stability, it also highlights the need for prudent fiscal management, structural reforms and investment in key sectors. By solving these challenges and using its strengths, Ukraine will be able to manage the dynamics of external debt and build a sustainable and growing economy.

Optimization of business processes: commercialization of ideas, taxation, business ethics

Introduction. This paper explores the critical role of entrepreneurship in Ukraine's economy, particularly under the strain of ongoing military conflicts and the vulnerability of micro and small enterprises. The purpose of the paper is to thoroughly investigate the current challenges facing micro and small businesses in Ukraine, with a specific focus on optimizing entrepreneurial processes to withstand economic instability. The study seeks to develop a comprehensive framework that incorporates effective business strategies, ethical communication practices, and a streamlined taxation system to enhance the operational efficiency and profitability of these enterprises. By addressing these key aspects, the paper intends to contribute valuable insights into the stabilization and growth of businesses during times of crisis. Results. The research highlights several innovative findings crucial for the sustainability and competitiveness of micro and small businesses in Ukraine. First, the study identifies the necessity of continuous process optimization, including the elimination of inefficiencies and the enhancement of team collaboration. It emphasizes the importance of strategic business communications tailored to the needs and expectations of specific target audiences, ensuring clarity and engagement. The paper also explores the integration of ethical practices in business operations, advocating for transparency and honesty in dealings with clients and regulatory bodies. Furthermore, the analysis underlines the significant impact of a reformed taxation framework that supports business growth while ensuring compliance with legal standards. These findings underscore the interconnectedness of these factors and their collective impact on business resilience and market positioning. Conclusion. The study concludes that a multifaceted approach encompassing process optimization, ethical business practices, and strategic tax planning is essential for the survival and growth of micro and small enterprises in Ukraine's challenging economic landscape.

Інституціональний базис для регулювання ринку логістичних послуг в україні та її регіонах з боку держави

The transformation of the Ukrainian economy towards market relations has brought to light significant imbalances in the logistics sector. A lack of an adequate theoretical framework and a clear state policy in this area has led to several problems. These include insufficient information support of logistics processes, a limited number of large logistics operators, and a need for more research and development in logistics. These factors complicate the optimization of trade flows and reduce the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises, making it an urgent matter that requires immediate attention. This publication aims to provide a detailed study of the system architecture and the evolution of forms of state regulation in the logistics sector. The architecture of the state regulation system in logistics provides a structured and comprehensive approach to managing logistics processes at the state level. It includes several main components that interact to ensure the effective functioning of the logistics services market. It is necessary to implement modern approaches to the state regulation of logistics services to ensure the Ukrainian economy’s sustainable development and improve citizens’ quality of life. These approaches can potentially revolutionize the sector, bringing about significant improvements. In particular, the priority task is to create a single digital window platform that will combine all permitting procedures into a single electronic service. At the same time, the government should actively work on harmonizing Ukrainian customs legislation with European standards, which will significantly simplify customs formalities and speed up the movement of goods. Implementing these measures will help increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian businesses and attract foreign investment, paving the way for a brighter future for the Ukrainian logistics sector. It is crucial to ensure close cooperation between the state and business. Regular consultations, transparency of regulatory procedures, and flexibility of legislation are critical factors for attracting investment and stimulating innovation. Introducing special tax regimes, such as corporate tax rebates for companies investing in infrastructure development and support for start-ups and innovative companies, will help modernize the industry and increase efficiency. However, the most significant step is harmonizing Ukrainian legislation with European standards. This is not just a formality but a significant milestone that will facilitate Ukraine’s integration into the European Economic Area, opening new opportunities for the Ukrainian logistics sector and paving the way for its growth and development. Keywords: state regulation, institutionalism, institutional framework, logistics, logistics sector, logistics regulation.

Розробка та впровадження удосконалених методів управління бізнес-процесами підприємств торгівлі та апк

The study aims to identify methods of improving the management of business processes in trade and agricultural enterprises. Integration and transformational processes in the Ukrainian economy, high competition, pressure of crisis factors, and high unpredictability of changes in the external environment require Ukrainian trade and agricultural enterprises to search for new, more effective management methods constantly. New management methods should be aimed at strengthening the competitive advantages of trade and agricultural enterprises in the market and the stable operation of the enterprise from a strategic perspective. Therefore, one of the most problematic areas is reorienting trade and agricultural enterprises to a high-tech model of improvement and development of business processes. However, the potential benefits of improving the methods of managing business processes of trade and agricultural enterprises within the framework of implementing the development strategy are promising. It allows them to optimize their activity (economic efficiency) while considering future management specifics. The conducted analysis, which was thorough and comprehensive, made it possible to develop and systematize the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of managing business processes of trade and agricultural enterprises based on the proposed algorithm in accordance with the goals of business processes and consumer requirements. The work has developed a methodology for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of business process management of trade and agro-industrial complex enterprises, which allows the evaluate the business processes of the enterprise of the correspondingly achieved level (effectiveness of business processes) and increases the efficiency of business processes of trade and agro-industrial complex enterprises relative to the industry and global levels (benchmarking of business processes). During the research, the technology of conducting benchmarking was improved, which allows for an increase in the effectiveness of business processes of trade and agricultural enterprises due to the inclusion of a stage for evaluating the effectiveness of the developed measures in the benchmarking process. Thanks to this, a toolkit is proposed to determine the effectiveness of business process management and its ranking based on Harrington’s verbal-numerical scale. The Harrington scale allows you to determine the effectiveness of business processes, considering the results that are obtained that fall into numerical intervals. The paper proposes using the method of analyzing hierarchies to obtain the most reliable value of the performance indicator of the business process management system of trade and agricultural enterprises. Keywords: business process management, assessment criteria, business process performance, business process benchmarking.

Стратегічні засади переформатування логістичних ланцюгів агропродовольчої продукції в систему замкнених циклів у парадигмі циркулярної економіки

The article reveals the features of transforming the logistics chains of agri-food supply into a system of closed cycles. Also, it suggests strategies for reformatting the logistics chains of agri-food products into a system of closed cycles. In particular, a scheme for the operational implementation of the transformational processes of reformatting the logistics chains of agro-food products into a system of closed cycles is proposed. It has been established that one of the critical aspects of the circular agricultural economy is the return of nutrients to the soil through the processing of bio-waste and renewable fertilizers, which contributes to the preservation of fertility and natural capital. This is critical to prevent nutrient deficiencies in agriculture and reduce pollution. Organic and food waste management is at the heart of the transition to circular agriculture, which minimizes dependence on external resources, mitigates environmental impact, and uses waste to create bioenergy and biofertilizers. The number of fines imposed on business entities for violating the legislation in the field of household waste management in Ukraine has been determined. It is substantiated that the experience of foreign countries indicates the critical direction for developing a national strategy for the transition to a circular agro-food economy of Ukraine based on the principles of sustainable development. Among the main development strategies, the following stand out: the strategy of clean, sustainable growth, focused on minimizing climate change and stimulating eco-innovations; bioeconomy strategy, which involves the use of biological resources for sustainable development and preservation of biodiversity; as well as a national waste management strategy that emphasizes the minimization of agricultural waste and the support of closed production cycles. Keywords: circular economy, sustainable development, agrarian sector of the economy, supply chains, disposal of food waste, development strategies.

АНАЛІЗ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЯКОСТІ ПОСЛУГ ПОСТАЧАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ ЕНЕРГІЇ

The object of the study is the processes in distribution electric networks and their influence on technical and economic characteristics aimed at achieving the main indicators of reliability, which is characterized by the continuity of electricity supply, namely, indicators of the quality of services: the index of the average duration of long interruptions and the index of the average frequency of long interruptions ( SAIDI, SAIFI), as well as compliance with the guaranteed quality standards of electric energy supply services, which are established by the Resolution of the NCRECP. The problem to be solved is a set of factors aimed at reducing the index of the average duration of long interruptions and the index of the average frequency of long interruptions (SAIDI, SAIFI), taking into account and applying effective measures of stimulating tariff formation (Rab - tariff) aimed at providing quality services to consumers of electric energy in accordance with the guaranteed standards established by the Resolution of the NCRECP. The analysis of the main indicators of the quality of SAIDI and SAIFI services for the period from 01.01.2022 to 03.31.2022 was carried out on the example of the operator of the distribution system JSC "Kharkivoblenergo". The impact of natural and unnatural factors on the formation of these indicators is analyzed, taking into account force majeure circumstances and military aggression on the territory of the Kharkiv region. The changes in the quality indicators of SAIDI and SAIFI services and their compliance with the normative values established by the NCRECP were analyzed. The conducted analysis of SAIDI and SAIFI service quality indicators allows us to state that achieving the target values of electricity supply continuity indicators is a fundamental factor for improving the quality of electricity supply services to consumers. The provision of the necessary guaranteed quality standards for the supply of electric energy to consumers is substantiated taking into account the stimulating tariff formation (Rab - tariff). It is shown that the introduction and development of stimulating tariff formation lays a reliable foundation for a strong and competitive Ukraine on the territory of the European Union and introduces dynamic development for a strong and independent Ukrainian economy. Ref. 19, figure, table.

ORGANIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN EXTREME CONDITIONS OF TODAY: PROBLEMS AND TRENDS

Today, road transport in Ukraine remains among the leaders in terms of the share of cargo transportation both in domestic and international traffic. In the current conditions of globalization, increasing the efficiency of cargo delivery is one of the priority areas for reducing the costs of industrial organizations, trade and services. Stable and efficient operation of the transport complex is an important condition for the life support of the diversified economy and the implementation of the main directions of programs for the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The international transport market is characterized by strict requirements for the quality of transport services, which causes the high complexity of transportation process management. That is why enterprises in the transportation industry must constantly work on improving the international transportation of goods by road. The main aspect of these studies is freight transportation, methods and methods of organizing the integration of the Ukrainian economy into the world economy under modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to study theoretical, scientific and methodological approaches and practical aspects of solving the problems of organizing freight transportation in the context of deepening international cooperation between Ukraine and Poland. Achieving this goal involves solving a set of interrelated tasks:. In particular, to study the experience of Poland in the organization of freight transportation in the context of deepening international cooperation; to study the essence of the organization of freight transportation and to analyze the indicators of production and economic activity and international economic relations of the enterprise and to study the state and quality of the organization of freight transportation in the context of deepening international cooperation, in particular FOP "Alekseevets S.M."; to identify the problems of organizing freight transportation in the context of deepening international cooperation and to provide recommendations for the organization of freight transportation in the context of deepening international cooperation".