Economic Society Research Articles

Landowner economy in the Kazan province in the first half of the 19th century

The article is devoted to the economic development of landowners in the Kazan province during the era of serfdom. The source base of the study contains published memoirs of representatives of the nobility, statistical publications, pre-revolutionary studies of the state of agriculture in private farms, as well as archival material containing economic descriptions of 12 districts of the province, compiled by local leaders of the nobility and individual landowners based on the questions of the questionnaire of the Free Economic Society in 1802. The author analyzed the natural and geographical factors that influenced economic life on the estates; characterized the working inventory and showed attempts to modernize it; studied the specialization of estates and identified the economy-forming industries; considered the features of the corvee and quitrent systems of peasant exploitation. In addition, the article shows examples of organizing market-oriented agricultural production. A conclusion is made about the subsistence nature of the landowner economy in the Kazan province in the pre-reform period, in which the sale of surplus did not mean the commercial nature of production. The availability of free labor deprived the incentive to introduce improved methods of land cultivation – use modern equipment, improved varieties of crops, as well as develop industries such as livestock and crop production. For citation: Mironova E.V. Landowner economy in the Kazan province in the first half of the 19th century. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2024, vol.14, no.3, pp.118–136. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2024-14-3.118-136 (In Russian)

Balancing the interests of shareholders (participants) and members of the Corporation’s management bodies: new challenges and opportunities

The main task of management in a corporation is to ensure a balance of interests of all subjects of corporate relations. An important aspect is the search for legal instruments that will ensure this balance in a certain economic society. Such funds are contained in the current legislation, developed by judicial practice, and can be fixed in the company’s charter. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective means to ensure a balance of interests of shareholders (participants) and members of management bodies in a business company at the present time. The article also analyzes the legal means that are fixed by the sanctions regulations, and the relevant conclusions are drawn.

The Perils of Privacy and Passivity: Antidemocratic, Racist, and Antisemitic Sentiments in Postwar West Germany

Abstract This article analyzes the affective economy of West Germany's postwar society. After delineating the intellectual history of the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research's “Gruppenexperiment,” which consisted of 137 group interviews with different segments of West German society, my article focuses on one transcript of a 1950 group discussion of young fashion-designer apprentices. Based on a close reading, I study how the younger generation in West Germany constructed a passive and privatist self-image in which they could both articulate their emotional dissociation from National Socialism while clinging to antidemocratic, racist, and antisemitic feelings in metamorphosed form. The micrological focus of the analysis of the group's emotions is balanced by a rereading of both Helmut Schelsky's study about the “skeptical generation” and texts by researchers associated with the Institute for Social Research who came to markedly different conclusions about the West German youth.

Прогнозирование региональной экономики на основе взаимосвязи человеческого капитала и инновационной деятельности

The most important condition for ensuring the competitiveness of the regional economy of a post-industrial society and its transition to an innovative development path is human capital. The authors proposed a method for forecasting the regional economy based on the relationship between human capital and innovation activity. This forecast was based on multivariate linear models. Unlike other methods of forecasting the regional economy, the author's method takes into account the synergistic effect from the possible cooperation of the leading regions. This technique has been tested on the example of forecasting the regional economies of the leaders of the Volga Federal District (the Republic of Tatarstan, the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Nizhny Novgorod region) for 2022–2027.

Cultural dynamics and consumer behavior: An in-depth analysis of Chinese preferences for western imported products

In the ever-evolving society of global commerce, understanding consumer behavior is paramount, particularly demand for western products is growing around the world especially in China as Chinese consuming behaviors are rapidly changing, and recognizing the pivotal role it plays in the contemporary global market. With a focus on brand perception, product quality, and the impact of cultural factors, by dissecting these dynamics, businesses can glean valuable insights to strategically navigate the complexities of the Chinese market, the research aims to unravel the complexities that influence purchasing decisions by using a survey which was analyzed to identify patterns and trends in consumer behavior. As businesses strive to expand their presence in the dynamic Chinese market, a nuanced understanding of these consumer dynamics becomes important setting the stage for an exploration that not only seeks to decode the preferences of Chinese consumers but also offers insights crucial for businesses aiming to navigate and thrive in this unique economic society.

Jegingger’s Ahmad Tohari: A re-narrated based on sacrilege and social disorganization

This research examines the Jegingger, novel written by Ahmad Tohari (JAT) which highlights the banal life of a family (palm trees climbers). JAT was re-narrated as exploiting the tension between the economy and family ties, whether ideally economic activities are separate (industrial economy) or integrated with the family (subsistence). Cultural establishments are mutually contested: the subsistence culture of traditional society is challenged by the productive economy, or conversely, the productive economy is challenged by the banal subsistence economy of traditional society. The methodology of postclassical narratology—exploring and explaining cultural manifestations and then exposing chronological sequences-was used to structure the vulnerability or resilience of banal communities in maintaining social ties. A subsistence economy with its characteristics of low productivity because it tends to be a cultural activity—not economic. It contains vulnerabilities seen from two sides: 1) banal agencies that do not have literacy and competence in carrying out subsistence professions have the potential to commit malpractice; 2) low productivity limits access to health facilities. These two weaknesses become obstacles to maintaining social ties. Sacrilege—abuse of sacred symbols—which was triggered by the malpractice of coconut climbing, has caused social disorganization—the loss of basic family and community affection—becoming a hub for the idea of raising awareness of the importance of the power of knowledge and materials in supporting traditional community ties. Mastery of material, especially in massive amounts (1.5 billion diamond necklaces), can transform a banal agency into a powerful one.

Selective cultural adoption: The roles of warmth, competence, morality and perceived indispensability in majority-group acculturation.

Psychological research has begun considering the dynamics involved in majority-group acculturation, which is the extent to which cultural majority groups adopt the culture of immigrants and minority groups. However, previous research has predominantly concentrated on reactions to 'immigrants' or 'minority groups' as a homogenous entity, overlooking the nuanced perceptions and varied valuations attributed to different groups. Recognizing the heterogeneity among immigrant and minority groups, the present work investigated the influence of several perceived characteristics of immigrant and minority groups on majority-group members' adoption of their cultures. Specifically, in three pre-registered studies-one correlational (Nparticipants = 201, Ntrials = 2814) and two within-subjects experimental (Nparticipants = 144 and 146, Ntrials = 720 and 730) designs with close to politically representative samples from the U.K. and U.S. -majority-group members were more willing to adopt immigrant and minority-group cultures that they perceived as warm, competent and moral because these perceptions made immigrants and minority groups seem indispensable to the identity and economy of the mainstream society. Our studies highlight the importance of considering the differentiated acculturation that majority-group members have to various groups within the same national context. We discuss the societal and cultural repercussions of this selective uptake of other cultures.

Pengaruh Knowledge Management, Entrepreneurial Orientation terhadap Keberhasilan Usaha Warung Makan Ramesan di Kota Salatiga

In a business, business success is something that needs to be considered because it is important for business people and is directly related to the economy of society as a whole. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of knowledge management and entrepreneurial orientation on the success of the Ramesan food stall MSME business in the city of Salatiga. The research is quantitative and uses descriptive research. The population is 80 SME business people in Ramesan food stalls around the city of Salatiga. The number of samples used in this research is the same as the population sampled through purposive sampling, and has been selected based on criteria. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The research results reveal that the variables knowledge management and entrepreneurial orientations partially have a positive effect on the success of the Ramesan Food Stall business in Salatiga City. This page is in English Translate to Indonesian AfrikaansAlbanianAmharicArabicArmenianAzerbaijaniBengaliBulgarianCatalanCroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEstonianFinnishFrenchGermanGreekGujaratiHaitian CreoleHebrewHindiHungarianIcelandicIndonesianItalianJapaneseKannadaKazakhKhmerKoreanKurdish (Kurmanji)LaoLatvianLithuanianMalagasyMalayMalayalamMalteseMaoriMarathiMyanmar (Burmese)NepaliNorwegianPashtoPersianPolishPortuguesePunjabiRomanianRussianSamoanSimplified ChineseSlovakSlovenianSpanishSwedishTamilTeluguThaiTraditional ChineseTurkishUkrainianUrduVietnameseWelsh Always translate English to IndonesianPRO Never translate English Never translate ekonomis.unbari.ac.idTRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//

Comparisons and References: What Can Chinese and the US Prosecutors Learn from Each Other?

With the rapid development of the economic society, prosecutors from both China and the United States have problems that troubles themselves. For Chinese prosecutors, they are in “the era of minor crimes” in social governance, and their power seems to be limited, making it difficult to make appropriate judgments regarding individual situations. For the US prosecutors, they are not trusted due to their wide discretion and are even seen as “Leviathans” in the criminal justice system. Through comparative research, it can be found that Chinese and the US prosecutors have a broad space for mutual learning and reference. China can moderately relax the restrictions on the discretion of prosecutors and establish pre-trial diversion plans to prevent minor criminals from being punished. The United States can reform its selection system by using fair exams to prevent prosecutors from being influenced by political tendencies, racism, and other factors, so that the prosecutors can exercise their power more focused and trusted.

Dual-Functional Cross-Meandering Resonator for Power Frequency Electromagnetic Shielding and Wireless Sensing Communication.

The research on MEMS wireless sensing technology adapted to strong power frequency electromagnetic field environments is of great significance to our energy security, economic society, and even national security. Here, we propose a subwavelength cross-meandering resonator (0.49λ0 × 0.49λ0) to simultaneously achieve power frequency electromagnetic field shielding and wireless communication signal transmission. The element size of the resonator is only λ0/11, which is much smaller than that of previous works. In the resonator, a resonance mode with the significant near-field enhancement effect (about 180 times that at f = 1 GHz) is supported. Based on the self-made shielding box experimental setup, the measured shielding effectiveness of the resonator sample can reach more than 33 dB. Moreover, by integrating the cross-meandering resonator with the MEMS sensor, a wireless communication signal can be successfully transmitted. A dual-function cross-meandering resonator integrated with sensors may find potential applications in many military and civilian industries associated with strong power frequency electromagnetic fields.

PENGEMBANGAN MANAJERIAL DALAM MENGHADAPI MASYARAKAT EKONOM DI KELOMPOK LPK DESA SUNGAI PUTIH, KECAMATAN TAPUNG KABUPATEN KAMPAR

This training and managerial development was carried out in Sungai Putih village, Tapung sub-district, Kampar regency. At this training event, material and skills that were important in facing the challenges of the world of work were presented. Participants were encouraged to recognize and apply the techniques and methods that they must have in order to be able to win the competition in in the world of work and business, in good management, before carrying out an activity or business, business actors must master the most basic things in achieving goals such as careful planning, good organization, implementation in accordance with planning up to the evaluation stage in each division. Thus, this training provides significant benefits for participants both in increasing their knowledge about good managerial management and improving their skills in dealing with complex problems in the world of work. Participants are expected to be able to apply the knowledge they have acquired in an effort to achieve work that suits their abilities and abilities. skills possessed.Keywords: Training, managerial, economic society

Analyzing Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Driving Mechanisms of Ecological Resilience Using the Driving Force–Pressure–State–Influence–Response and Environment–Economy–Society Model: A Case Study of 280 Cities in China

Analyzing Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Driving Mechanisms of Ecological Resilience Using the Driving Force–Pressure–State–Influence–Response and Environment–Economy–Society Model: A Case Study of 280 Cities in China

PENGARUH INDUSTRI RUMAHAN KERAJINAN SANGKAR BURUNG TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT SANGGRAAGUNG SOCAH BANGKALAN

This study was motivated by the researcher's curiosity about the influence of the home industry of bird cage crafts on improving society's economy in the village of Sanggra Agung, which has been doing these crafts for generations. Although they continuously produce bird cages, it seems that the economy of the bird cage craftsmen is still not growing. The study was carried out using a quantitative non-sampling method because the number of craftsmen was still below 100, and the data were obtained from the responses to the craftsmen's questionnaire and observations in the field about the home industry of bird cage crafts. From the results of the validity and reliability instrument tests, as well as the data normality assumption test, no deviations were found in the instrument or questionnaire data. Based on a simple regression analysis, it shows that the variable in the home industry of bird cage crafts affects the community economy, although the effect is not very significant. The coefficient correlation value is 0.211 or 4.5%, and the remaining 95.5% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.

Financial market participation, household asset choices, and resident well-being: An empirical analysis of China family panel studies data

As a fundamental unit of economic society, family participation is crucial for promoting financial market development and social progress. This study empirically tested the impact of residents’ household financial market participation on their well-being using Chinese micro-household data. The findings show that residents’ participation in financial markets can significantly enhance their well-being. The choice of household assets played a significant positive moderating role in financial market participation on residents’ well-being. Further analysis indicates that marketization and urban residency positively mediated the effects of financial market participation on residents’ well-being.

Legal Horizons of the New Artificial Intelligence Paradigm

Modern society is undergoing a structural transformation of the world economy. This is as a result of the transition to a new technological base through the introduction of artificial intelligence, cutting-edge information and communication technology, energy technology, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Artificial intelligence has the ability to significantly change the economy and social relations in society, and its newly discovered capabilities are transformational and global in nature. At the same time, the extraordinary capabilities of artificial intelligence technologies involve risks that can threaten stability and undermine human values. In order to eliminate possible threats and risks and mitigate potential dangers, it is crucial to develop systemic legal measures and ways to regulate AI technologies and models on a national and international scale and to define the legal status of AI, which must include protection of humans from the uncontrolled influence of AI and the inviolability of guarantees of human rights and freedoms. With this in mind, and in order to mitigate potential dangers and ensure the controllability and sustainability of AI technologies based on the concept of trusted (responsible) AI, it is necessary to agree on universal international guidelines for the development and application of AI technologies and models. Furthermore, it is necessary to create a universal code of conduct for AI developers, who together can create a basis for a uniform framework of legal regulation within the national legislation of each country on the principles of human rights protection, privacy and data protection, transparency and explainability, fairness, accountability and safety of artificial intelligence, adequate human oversight and ethical standards for the creation and application of AI models.

Treatment and Resource Utilization of Gaseous Pollutants in Functionalized Ionic Liquids.

With the rapid development of science, technology, and the economy of human society, the emission problem of gas pollutants is becoming more and more serious, which brings great pressure to the global ecological environment. At the same time, the natural resources that can be exploited and utilized on Earth are also showing a trend of exhaustion. As an innovative and environmentally friendly material, functionalized ionic liquids (FILs) have shown great application potential in the capture, separation, and resource utilization of gaseous pollutants. In this paper, the synthesis and characterization methods of FILs are introduced, and the application of FILs in the treatment and recycling of gaseous pollutants is discussed. The future development of FILs in this field is also anticipated, which will provide new ideas and methods for the treatment and recycling of gaseous pollutants and promote the process of environmental protection and sustainable development.

AN INTERVIEW WITH CHRISTIAN FUCHS ON COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA STUDIES

Christian Fuchs is Professor of Media Systems and Media Organization at the University of Paderborn. He is editor of the open access journal tripleC - Communication, Capitalism & Critique and publishes on the political economy of communication, digital media and society, media and society, information society theory and critical theory.

Professor M.Ya. Kittary and Technical Education in the Russian Empire

Throughout its history, Kazan University has always been proud of its distinguished alumni and esteemed professors. Among them, Modest Yakovlevich Kittary, a professor at Kazan Imperial University and the head of the Department of Technology from 1850 to 1857, stands out as a strong advocate for technical education. He was one of the few who embraced and supported the state’s vision for universities as centers of academic, pedagogical, educational, and cultural progress within the province, region, and the entire nation. As a passionate civic and public activist, he championed the importance of technical education for industrialists and the general public, recognizing its potential to elevate the level of culture, literacy, and prosperity. His work prompted the revival of the Kazan Economic Society, the opening of new factories, as well as technical and technological advances. M.Ya. Kittary’s life has been the research focus of many Kazan University scholars. Here, his contribution to promoting technical education is analyzed in greater detail based on the materials from the Journal of the Ministry of National Education. Particular attention is paid to the changes in the educational system of the Russian Empire during that period, as documented by the above journal, and the central role of M.Ya. Kittary in the modernization of the higher technical education landscape.

Synthesis of Ceiba pentandra biodiesel using ultrasound and infrared radiation: Comparison and fuel characterisation.

Abstract The continuous expending of the economy and population in modern society has caused an increase in energy usage. Currently, fossil fuels and renewable energy are used to generate energy, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. A significant effort has been made globally to address the issue of rising emissions by boosting the usage of renewable energy. In comparison to fossil fuels, biodiesel has many benefits, including the ability to be produced from a wide range of feedstocks, the ability to be renewable, and the reduction of atmospheric pollution emissions. Besides, advanced technologies can help the biodiesel sector meet the energy demand while producing high-quality biodiesel. The Ceiba pentandra was used for biodiesel production using ultrasound-infrared applications in the present research work. The study aims to produce biodiesel for a better conversion rate and improve fuel properties. Comparisons were conducted using a combination of infrared ultrasound versus ultrasound irradiation. The results show that ultrasound produced the highest yield of 98.76% when the conditions were as follows: methanol/oil ratio: 60%, KOH: 1%, reaction time: 50 minutes. Yet, the addition of infrared on ultrasound has also produced a high conversion yield in a shorter time than ultrasound. A 98.42% biodiesel yield option when using infrared-ultrasound irradiation with conditions as follows: methanol/oil ratio: 60%, KOH: 1%, reaction time: 30 minutes. As both applications were examined, the ultrasound-infrared application was preferable in saving time and energy constraints for biodiesel production. The fuel properties were found to be equivalent to ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel standards.

GLOBALIZATION DYNAMICS TO FOSTER GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT WITHIN CIRCULAR ECONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF ALBANIA

The linear economy of today's society conflicts with many environmental, social, and economic challenges. As a result, policymakers and researchers prioritize the implementation of the circular economy concept. The European Union supports a smooth transition to a circular economy through the Circular Economy Strategy, the European Green Deal (carbon neutrality by 2050), and the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Replacing traditional business models with circular business models necessitates a shift in technology features that incorporate R strategies (refuse, reduce, recycle, etc.). This study looks into how globalization dynamics affect the transition to a circular economy, as well as the implications for growth and development. Albania, as a transitioning economy in Southeast Europe, provides an important backdrop for understanding the problems and opportunities given by globalization when embracing circular economic principles.