National Economy Research Articles

Nationwide survey on awareness of consanguinity and genetic diseases in Saudi Arabia: challenges and potential solutions to reduce the national healthcare burden

BackgroundConsanguineous marriage is a major contributing factor for many genetic diseases and a burden to the healthcare system and national economy due to costly long-term care. Earlier studies highlighted the significantly limited awareness of the higher prevalence of genetic disease due to consanguinity even among the educated Arabs. In Saudi Arabia, more than 50% of marriages are between first cousins. This national study aims to gauge the level of the public awareness regarding the consanguinity and its impact on prevalence of genetic diseases across the Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional bilingual online survey was conducted across Saudi Arabia, distributed through a variety of social media platforms for all residents. Pooled summary data was used from the participants.ResultsMajority of the 9191 participants are < 30 years of age (72.85%), single (61.35%), women (74.12%) and college educated (77.16%). Consanguineous marriages are common in the extended family of 61.24% of participants. Though majority of them (85.45%) recognise the higher genetic disease risk associated with consanguinity, low awareness among men was observed (76.61 vs 88.53%). Sickle cell anaemia and thalassemia were not considered as genetic diseases by 60.68% of males and 48.39% of females, though they are the most common genetic diseases in Saudi Arabia. More women are aware of the carrier screening tests than men (42.62 vs 34.56%). Only 6.87% know the rationale behind the national mandatory premarital screening tests and the diseases screened. Although almost all (99.18%) are active users of the social media, 47.77% of men and 57.17% of women use them to search for health-related information.ConclusionThe present study, one of the largest national surveys in highly consanguineous society, highlights that even the young and college-educated participants have low awareness of the genetic disease burden, which is strikingly high in all corners of the country. Social media platforms can be used by genetic professionals and national organizations to disseminate the reliable educational material to the public to reduce the national healthcare and economic burden in the future.

Heterogeneous effects of agricultural insurance on agricultural green development: evidence from Sub national economies of India

The current paper aims to assess the relative competitiveness of agricultural green development across 27 Indian states and explore the factors influencing this development. Given India's significant role as a global producer of various crops such as rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, and pulses, and with approximately 43.96 percent of the labour force engaged in agriculture, the sector's performance is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The green development index has been created through the entropy method by using seven variables, where Uttar Pradesh and Telangana demonstrate higher green competitiveness. Conversely, states like Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Punjab exhibit lower levels of green competitiveness due to their elevated consumption of fertilizers and pesticides. To understand the determinants of agricultural green development competitiveness, Quantile regression has been employed. The findings highlight a positive relationship between (the endogenous variable) and Per capita income, Bank branches in rural areas, hectares of land insured and capital expenditure on agriculture whereas increased cropping intensity and power availability per capita has negative relationships. Furthermore, employing the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel Granger causality test reveals that economic growth at the state level in India precedes and influences agricultural green development. This suggests a dynamic relationship wherein economic progress fosters advancements in agricultural sustainability.

Research on the strategic choice behavior of green building interest subjects based on evolutionary game

As a mainstay industry of national economy, construction brings a country huge benefit, et along with significant amount of pollution to environment. In the age of sustainable development, green building (GB) can greatly reduce pollution caused by the construction industry. To study the evolution of stakeholders engaged in China’s green building implementation, this paper designed a three-party game model including government, developer, and consumer, analyzed the stability of the model and obtained the evolutionary stability strategy. This paper also used green building data in China to conduct numerical simulation, including sensitive analysis to explore key factors affecting the game subjects, and phase diagrams and bifurcation diagrams to analyze influence of parameter change to the evolutionary stabilization strategy (ESS). The results show that (1) in the long term, the government will choose the regulatory strategy when the cost of government regulation is below one-third of the financial subsidy; (2) the probability of developers and consumers choosing the green building strategy is negatively correlated to the cost and positively correlated to the benefit; (3) the primary determinant behind customers’ decision to purchase a green building revolves around the enhanced quality of life that such buildings offer.

Dampak Ekonomi Digital Terhadap Pertumbuhan Umkm Di Era Industri 4.0

Digital transformation driven by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has changed the way MSMEs in Indonesia operate and compete in the market. The application of technologies such as e-commerce, big data, and analytics enables MSMEs to improve operational efficiency as well as expand their market reach. This research discusses the impact of the digital economy on MSME growth, as well as the challenges faced, such as a lack of digital literacy and limited infrastructure in rural areas. On the other hand, the Indonesian government has been working to encourage digital transformation through programs such as the National Movement for MSMEs to Go Digital, which provides access to training and technology support. In addition, collaboration between the public and private sectors plays an important role in accelerating technology adoption by MSMEs. The findings show that while the digitalization of MSMEs offers great opportunities to improve productivity and competitiveness, the adoption of these technologies is still constrained by various internal and external factors. Therefore, a holistic and collaborative approach is needed to support MSMEs in the digital transformation process. With comprehensive support, MSMEs are expected to contribute more significantly to the national economy and open up access to global markets. This conclusion shows the importance of a sustainable strategy to facilitate and support the adoption of digitalization in the MSME sector in Indonesia in order to realize inclusive and sustainable economic development.

Modeling the evaluation of methods for determining the basic density of wood in forest species based on data from a neuro-fuzzy inference system

The forestry sector is one of the agribusiness sectors that generates the most wealth for the national economy, as it brings benefits to society, from the wood itself for industries, biomass for energy production, and to the environment, reducing pressure on native forests and the reuse of land degraded by agriculture. In view of this, this study was carried out to predict the different basic densities in tree species under the influence of two factors, nine different tree species in relation to three different density methodologies using the Neuro-Fuzzy System. Tree basic density modeling was carried out using effective species parameters and different calculation methodologies adapted to the Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In the ANFIS model, 67% and 33% of the total data were considered as training and test data, respectively. The numbers of pertinence functions were selected 9 for species and 3 for methodologies for the input data. ANFIS training was carried out using the hybrid method. The average R2 determination coefficients were 87.32% and 97.42% for the field and ANFIS models, respectively. The model obtained using ANFIS showed a high accuracy of 4.36%. Compared to the field data, the ANFIS model was highly accurate and can be used to estimate the basic density of the trees in this study.

MARKETING PERFORMANCE INCREASING WHILE INVOLVING APPLICANTS TO ADMISSION TO THE UNIVERSITY

The professional orientation of applicants is an integral part of the marketing strategy of the universities and the state as a whole to train high-quality specialists for the national economy. The schools and colleges graduates are potential university bachelor's degree applicants. The article presents the experience of involving graduates of schools and colleges for admission to the bachelor's degree at the power supply department of the Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, specialty 141 "Electrical power engineering, electrical engineering and electromechanics" branch of knowledge 14 "Electrical engineering". References 3.

Assessment of Combining Ability for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The current study was carried out with an objective to study Combining ability studies for yield and yield contributing traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to identify superior crosses for commercial cultivation after testing over years band locations. Rice production plays an integral role in the national economy of India and has the maximum share in grain production, accounting for 22% of the world’s rice production. Agricultural Polytechnic, Polasa, Jagtial, during Kharif, 2021 and Rabi, 2021-22. Where, crossing programme was carried out during Kharif, 2021 and evaluation of the crosses was taken up during Rabi, 2021-22. Twenty-four (24) experimental hybrids were developed using eight lines and three testers and randomized block design was utilized for the evaluation studies. The variance due to the crosses, variance due to the parent’s vs crosses were also found highly significant for all the characters. Lines, testers and line x tester effects, the interaction effects (lines x testers) were found to be significant for all the traits studied. This indicates that the material under investigation has adequate variability. The study revealed that the line, CMS 46B and KNM 7787 among the testers were identified as good general combiners for grain yield per plant while, JMS 18A x RNR 21278 were identified as best specific combiners for the trait.

EXPLORING SHARIA-BASED MSME DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF MAJOO POINT OF SALE TECHNOLOGY

This study examines how Sharia economics integration in the MSME business model can be optimized using Majoo POS technology. In the era of globalization and rapidly developing information technology, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on the Sharia economy need to continue to develop strategies to expand their markets and improve operational efficiency. MSMEs are the backbone of the national economy, but many face financial management and marketing challenges. The method used is a descriptive qualitative to identify the potential and challenges in implementing this strategy and provide recommendations for MSME actors and related stakeholders. The study results indicate that applying Sharia economics supported by Majoo POS technology can increase the competitiveness of MSMEs and positively contribute to the national economy. Majoo POS technology offers features that facilitate transaction recording, stock management, and real-time data analysis, which can improve the operational efficiency of MSMEs. The practical implications of this study are the importance of government and financial institution support in providing access and training related to technology for MSMEs based on the Sharia economy.

Indicators of Increased Military Production in the United States

This study examines the indicators of increased activity within the United States military-industrial complex. It identifies key markers that reflect both the state of the military production industry and its potential reforms. The paper highlights the factors that signify the growth of industrial production in the American defense industry: social, demographic, economic, political, and personal. Separately, it explores the conditions under which the US military industry can become more prominent within the national economy.

Technological and Socio-Cultural Innovations in the Life of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Context of Relations with the United States

At the moment, the regional leaders of the Arab East, among the most financially secure, are actively pursuing a policy to increase their capabilities in the field of modern technologies. The United States, being at the forefront of the development and implementation of technological innovations of various types and properties, is of significant interest to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The House of Saudis is struggling to diversify the national economy, which is heavily dependent on oil, in an effort to find a new one the quality of the state's development in the technological, economic and socio-cultural spheres of life, through the implementation of the VISION 2030 strategy, relying on broad cooperation with the most advanced corporations in the United States.

Industrial policy and the State of development: to actualization of the notion

Objective: to analyze the trajectories of industrial policy effective implementation by determining the relevance of key elements of the “development state” model in modern international realities. Methods: monographic, historical, abstract-logical, comparative methods. Results: the characteristics of the “development states” concept described on the example of some Asian countries allowed their governments to carry out industrial modernization of national economies in a short time and switch to the sustainable economic development trajectory. For many years, the “development state” has been perceived by researchers as part of history. This was determined by the consensus on the existing boundaries of state intervention in the economy. In recent years, the interest of governments in industrial policy has been growing. The implementation of measures withinthe industrial policy gives rise to new challenges to public administration, probably similar to those that the development states have gone through. The author shows that the available formulations of the qualitative characteristics inherent both in the “development state” concept and in some Asian countries in a certain period of their development are significant for the modern theory of public administration in the context of industrial policy measures. Scientific novelty: it consists in understanding the concept of the “development state” in the modern context. Practical significance: the research provisions and conclusions can be used in the future studies of the economic theory influence on socio-political discourses and political decisions.

La medición de la renta de la tierra minera en Chile y sus cursos de apropiación (1940–2017)

Abstract In this paper, we present the foundations and results for a new rent database on mining land in Chile (1940–2017), which takes into account not only the surplus profits of the sector, but also the different mechanisms in which this land is appropriated by other social actors. The results are weighted in relation to the whole national economy, which is why an original time series of the general rate of profits and its components, surplus-value and total advance capital, is also provided. In this paper, we posit a methodological foundation based on Marx's developments and a critical review of the existing statistics and previous measures. The results are original as they are the first long-run time series of mining land rent which considers the main appropriation mechanisms by different social actors. In turn, it shows that previous studies underestimate the weight of mining land rent in the Chilean economy, particularly when the prices of copper are rising. In addition, the results make it possible to pose new questions regarding the development of the national specificity considered. As a result of this new evidence, we indicate specific determinations of the different political cycles in Chilean national life, showing the historical persistency of mining land rent beyond changes in its appropriation forms and, therefore, stepping outside of the import substitution industrialization and neoliberalism dichotomy, which dominates the long-run economic historiography in this country.

Effectiveness of Various Plant Crude Extract on Controlling Parasitic Ciliates (Colpoda sp.) Affecting Fishes

Aquaculture plays a crucial role in the national economy of many countries. Ciliate protozoans are recognized as economically significant parasites in fish aquaculture. Colpodean ciliates are particularly abundant and are commonly found in terrestrial settings such as soils, leaf litter, and mosses. Diseases are recognized as significant impediments to sustainable animal production, leading to substantial economic losses, particularly in the aquaculture sector. Traditional medicinal plants offer a promising alternative for controlling various diseases in aquaculture. This study examined the efficacy of several plant extracts, including tobacco, neem paste, rue seeds, thyme seeds, and pepper seeds, in managing ciliates. Among the tested plant extracts, Colpoda cultures treated with rue seeds demonstrated the highest effectiveness.

Foreign direct investment, trade and economic growth: a case study of South Africa

Global trade has significantly expanded over the past thirty years in both developed and emerging economies, a phenomenon assisted by advancements in transportation, telecommunications, and industry. Extensive trading fosters financial links between national economies, hence promoting economic progress. This article aims to investigate the interrelationship among foreign direct investment, trade, and South Africa's economic growth. Econometric techniques, including the autoregressive distributed lag bound test, were used to annual data from 1988 to 2022. The findings indicated that economic growth is positively affected by foreign direct investment and exports in both the short and long term. This indicated that foreign direct investment and exports are substantial contributions to economic growth.This analysis indicates that both foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade significantly impact the macroeconomic environment and influence economic growth. Developing countries such as South Africa must use diverse strategies to guarantee elevated rates and quality of economic growth. Improvements in the investment climate and the establishment of incentives are necessary to enable the equitable allocation of resources across various sectors to address employment challenges, poverty rates, and the maintenance of growth. Export-oriented strategies should be adopted. Therefore, it is essential to analyse the determinants of economic growth by examining foreign direct investment and trade in the context of South Africa, particularly in relation to the country's performance as measured against the National Development Plan targets since the post-1994 period.

On the role of digital solutions in the development of an innovative environment for high-tech production and ensuring the priorities of the national economy

The relevance of the study is determined by the recently increased role of digital services and technologies in shaping the architecture of high-tech production and ensuring the priorities of the national economy. The development of digital services and services produces the emergence of ecosystems and the spread of customeroriented business models in the high-tech sector, the importance of which in the country's economy will only increase.The purpose of the study is determined by the need to study modern trends in the development of digital services and technologies that influence the development of the innovative environment of high-tech industries and ensuring the priorities of the national economy.Objectives: to explore the role of digital services and technologies in shaping the architecture of high-tech industries and ensuring the priorities of the national economy; to identify the periodization and content of the digital transformation of the national economy; to analyze the basic indicators characterizing the dynamics of the spread of digitalization processes; to explore the content and key characteristics accompanying the spread of digital platforms and ecosystems.Methodology: the research methodology is based on historical, logical and economic-statistical analysis regarding the processes of digital transformation in the national economy.The results of the study show that digital transformation in the national economy is actively spreading, involving an ever-increasing circle of participants and setting new imperatives in doing business related to the emergence and spread of digital ecosystems. However, the architecture of the largest domestic ecosystems has not been fully formed and they have not achieved their growth potential.Conclusions obtained as a result of the study indicate that digital services and technologies are a factor contributing to a multiple increase in the capitalization of high-tech companies involved in the development of digital transformation processes. Digital ecosystems have prospects associated with increasing their impact on the national economy and deeper integration into the socio-economic space in connection with the development of new digital technological solutions.

The Logistics Cost of Cikarang Dry Port: A General Review

High logistics costs in Indonesia are thus one of the principal economic inefficiencies that restrain the country's growth and competitiveness in the global marketplace. In this context, the paper focuses on the contribution of the Cikarang Dry Port (CDP) to the national economy. This qualitative research draws on an extended narrative review of the Cikarang Dry Port. These results reflect how the CDP is pivotal in reducing logistics costs, benefiting clients and manufacturing firms around the dry port area through bettered transportation and logistics service provision. The study also puts much emphasis on the fact that logistics efficiency is not only crucial at the level of individual enterprise performance but also, more broadly, for Indonesia's economic landscape. The CDP consolidates supply chains and reduces transportation costs, ultimately building overall cost competitiveness for Indonesian enterprises in more state and international markets. The study calls for the Indonesian government to invest in developing and upgrading the infrastructure of the Cikarang and Bekasi areas. These strategic investments would also help reduce the overall cost of logistics, thereby creating an enabling environment for business operations and playing a role in the economic development and growth of the nation.

Dampak Perdagangan Bebas Bagi Ekspor Produk Tuna dan Cakalang Indonesia

The open trading system without restrictions, known as free trade, allows for increased product competitiveness in international markets. Tuna and skipjack commodities are Indonesia's flagship products and play a significant role in fisheries exports. This study investigates the impact of free trade on tuna and skipjack exports, identifies challenges, and explores appropriate management strategies. The findings reveal that Indonesia faces challenges such as global competition, threats to the sustainability of marine resources due to overfishing, and demands to meet international standards. However, free trade offers opportunities to expand markets and reduce tariff barriers. The use of technology, supply chain digitalization, and innovation are crucial to enhancing efficiency and product competitiveness. To sustain marine resource conservation and maintain Indonesia's position as a leading tuna producer globally, the government must implement regulations and collaborate with industry stakeholders. Through a comprehensive strategic approach, Indonesia can preserve marine ecosystem sustainability while continuing to increase the contribution of tuna and skipjack exports to the national economy.

Enhancing Islamic Banking through Accounting and Taxation Harmonization: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and Malaysia

The dynamics of Islamic banking growth offer unique insights into the opportunities and challenges in accounting and tax harmonization. Conducted in 2023, this qualitative study explores barriers and solutions to accounting and tax integration within the Islamic banking sector through case studies of leading Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. Through in-depth analysis based on expert interviews and regulatory document review, this research identifies divergences in accounting principles, regulatory infrastructure, and human resource readiness as primary constraints. A proposed theoretical framework, integrating Maqasid Sharia principles with good governance, aims to create an accountable, sustainable, and integrated accounting and taxation system. Its implementation is expected to enhance transparency and accountability of Islamic banks, thereby strengthening the broader Islamic economy in both nations, with long-term improvements in operational efficiency and fiscal compliance.

The impact of foreign investment on strengthening the security of the national economy of Ukraine and investment guidelines for Ukrainian-Polish cooperation

The article examines the theoretical foundations of the category of foreign direct investment and identifies their characteristic features. The importance of foreign investment is substantiated, and both positive and negative consequences of FDI for the country’s economy are identified. The research investigates the dynamics of the inflow and the geographical structure of foreign direct investment by country of receipt of investment, presents the largest investor countries and the most attractive sectors for investment in the Ukrainian economy, and evaluates the degree of deterioration in the investment attractiveness of the national economy. The features of Ukrainian-Polish investment cooperation are studied, and priority directions for developing investment activity are discussed.

Cultured Meat Consumer Acceptance: Addressing Issues of Eco-Emotions

Meat substitutes, in particular cultured meat, appear to be an effective way of combating climate change, ensuring human and animal welfare, and meeting the challenges of food security. In the face of the climate emergency, we need to speed up the decarbonization of local and national economies and curb populations’ negative emotional responses. Eco-emotions (such as fear) can indeed go so far as to cause disengagement from the environmental transition and hamper action. The aim of this article is to understand and predict, from the perspective of the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB), (i) consumer intentions and (ii) the determinants of the adoption of cultured meat by introducing two important variables drawn from the literature on eco-emotions, i.e. eco-anger and eco-depression. The results show that, in addition to the traditional TPB variables (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control), eco-depression has a significant effect on consumer intentions and the acceptability of cultured meat. This research can help to improve decision-making processes and to effectively predict intentions, acceptability, and purchasing behaviour with regard to cultured meat. Organizations will be able to use this model to propose differentiated marketing techniques, optimize marketing campaigns, and improve citizen engagement.