Economic Value Of Product Research Articles

RETRACTED: The role of black soldier fly (BSF) in eliminating the putrid odor of organic waste and its product application – A comprehensive review

Organic waste including food garbage (FG) forms a major part of man-made problems that are highly associated with global pollution. This includes emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and foul odor which negatively affect human health. Interestingly, bioconversion of FG by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has been reported to reduce foul odors released from decaying FG. This paper will give overview on the potential of BSFL in lowering putrid odors from FGs. Thus, various bioconversion treatment methods of managing FG including were compared and discussed. The life cycle and role of BSF in reducing putrid odors from biowastes were also discussed in detail. Lastly, the potential utilization of BSFL in controlling odors and GHGs as well as the economic value of products derived from BSFL bioconversion were also discussed. BSFL inoculation slightly reduces odor compounds by modifying odor-producing compounds and microbes in FG. However, BSFL effectiveness is highly influenced by FG decomposition rate.

PENGENALAN DAN PELATIHAN DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK HASIL PERIKANAN KEPADA ISTRI NELAYAN DI KENJERAN-SURABAYA

The impoverished economic condition of fishermen is one of reasons that compelling the wives to work and earn extra living for their families. This problem is predominantly occurred in fishermen households in Kenjeran, Surabaya. This impoverished economic condition of fishermen is considerably influenced by the lack of adequate facilities and education related to the processing of diversified fishery commodities. Therefore, in order to help the economy improvement and reduce the poverty level within fishermen households, it is necessary to provide community service which is focusing on giving skill in diversification process of fisheries commodities. This activity aims to provide training and information enrichment related to fishery product processing skills in order to encourage financial independence in fishermen communities. This community service activity was initially began with conducting preliminary survey, which then continued with the training in making products from fisheries commodities. In the counseling process, primary data was taken by conducting interviews to fill out questionnaires. The result of this community service activity showed that the majority of participants already had certain level of understanding toward nutritional information and proper method to make processed fisheries products. The participants of this activity were given information regarding to the utilization of package in protecting and elevating the selling price of fisheries products. The questionnaires evaluation shows that the fishermen wives need further assistance regarding the variety of fish processing method, along with the effective marketing strategy and the proper implementation of sanitation hygiene to make products with high selling price. The Kenjeran fishing community understands the importance of diversifying fishery products. This is an effort to increase the economic value of products as an economic resource for residents.

Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Serta Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Peningkatan Ekonomi Warga Dusun Semingkir Purwokerto

Covid-19 has left many traces on the Indonesian people, the sorrow of losing family, friends and relatives, as well as the consumer behavior of society. Behavior during the pandemic then becomes a new habit for society, where purchases of goods, food or drinks online continue to be made. This has an impact on the increasing amount of household waste, there is a buildup of waste, especially plastic-based waste. Plastic waste is a type of waste that poses a serious threat to the environment because it is not easily decomposed by nature. Destruction of plastic waste through burning also creates new problems in the form of air pollution which increases the risk of cancer. Public awareness of the negative impacts of plastic waste is increasing in big cities and in regions, such as Banyumas Regency, one of which is encouraged by the existence of a non-governmental group that is engaged in utilizing waste, namely the Inyong Waste Bank. Conventional methods in processing waste, product distribution patterns and management that are not optimal have caused the public's interest in getting involved in the Inyong Waste Bank to decrease because the economic value has decreased drastically. There are solutions in the form of increasing capabilities in processing waste using alternative methods, public interest in managing the Inyong Waste Bank, as well as arranging new distribution patterns so that they can increase the economic value of products resulting from periodic training activities with outputs in the form of websites, logo designing and product innovation and promotion training.

PENGEMBANGAN JASA LINGKUNGAN DI HUTAN LINDUNG DALAM MENDUKUNG EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH

Developing environmental services in protected forests can be done in various ways, such as developing natural tourism, planting trees to reduce carbon emissions, and managing water resources. The approach used in this study is qualitative with the desk research method. The development of environmental services in protected forests can be carried out through various approaches, such as community-based forest management, partnerships between government and the private sector, and the use of information and communication technology. The development of environmental services can increase people's income by increasing the economic value of products produced from protected forests, assisting in maintaining sustainable management of natural resources, and increasing the availability of natural resources that are beneficial for human life and the ecosystem. The main challenges in managing environmental services are lack of access to capital and technology, as well as lack of public awareness and participation in managing natural resources. There are opportunities for developing environmental services in protected forests, such as increasing public awareness of the importance of preserving protected forests and advances in information and communication technology that can be used in developing environmental services. The development of environmental services in protected forests through social forestry programs is a solution to maintain human survival and preserve protected forests. This program provides economic, social and technological benefits for local communities and encourages sustainable forest management, as well as increasing community awareness in preserving forest functions.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Teh Bunga Rosella Sebagai Produk Rumahan di Desa Sungai Merdeka

In various studies, rosella flowers can cure various diseases, prevent disease transmission and are used as processed food or health drinks. The increasing use of rosella flowers can be a business opportunity and can improve the community's economy, but limited knowledge, skills, abilities, creativity, innovation and inadequate guidance are obstacles to the community in utilizing rosella, so training is needed to increase people's knowledge and skills in utilizing rosella. and home product development. The purpose of carrying out this activity is to increase public knowledge about rosella plants, how to make rosella flower tea and how to increase the economic value of a product. This activity was carried out using the training method, beginning with the provision of material on rosella and how to increase the economic value of a home product, followed by direct demonstrations and practice of making rosella flower tea. This activity is useful for increasing public knowledge regarding rosella plants, the use of rosella flowers, how to make rosella flower tea and how to increase the economic value of a home product.

Pelatihan Packaging Kripik Ubi Madu Dengan Metode Vacuum Sealer Pada Kelompok Dasa Wisma Brayat Ageng Nyai Roso Putih Dusun Nglurah Kelurahan Tawangmangu Jawa Tengah

In the vicinity of Nglurah Hamlet, there are tubers that are abundant with sweet potatoes which are usually used by the local residents for food. However, in Nglurah Hamlet, honey potatoes have not been maximized. Empowerment for community development since the pandemic was directed at realizing quality training activities both in terms of hard and soft skills. By providing training solutions to the residents of Nglurah Hamlet in the form of life skills, in the form of training on packaging honey sweet potato chips with the vacuum sealer method for the Dasa Wisma group in the plantation sector to be applied in everyday life, both in the world of work and entrepreneurship, and ready to compete in competition. in the world of work. The implementation of activities is given using a training method with a model of delivery of material theory of packaging processes, practice of using sealers and packaging to facilitate sales. This certainly made a real contribution related to increasing the economic value of products in Nglurah Hamlet, this activity was welcomed and carried out properly according to plan.

THE EFFECT OF QUENCHING TREATMENT BY VARIATION OF COOLING MEDIA (WATER, USED OIL, COOKING OIL) ON EGREK HARDNESS

Oil palm is harvested using the egrek agricultural implement. Using water for gilding, the blacksmith's egrek is toughened. The egrek that blacksmiths manufacture frequently is tarnished and worn out. Oil palm growers are consequently forced to swap them out for new ones.The product's economic value decreases as a result. Because of incorrect heat treatment, the cause of egrek is easily destroyed. The goal of this research was to ascertain how the heat treatment procedure affected how hard the quenched egrek was. Rockwell hardness test results. The hardness of the quenched egrek can be affected by changes in the water chilling medium, utilized oil, or cooking oil, according to statistical data processing using ANOVA and supported by the use of design expert software. Having an average carbon content of 0.379%, the raw material is made up of medium carbon steel. According to the results of the hardness test, the cooking oil cooling medium quenching process, which occurs at an average temperature of 800°C and a hardness value of 50.1 HRC, produces the average minimum hardness value, while the water cooling medium, which has an average hardness value of 60.4 HRC, produces the average maximum hardness value. The percentage contribution calculation reveals that used oil and cooking oil are the cooling media that have the greatest impact on the hardness level, with used oil contributing 96.37% and cooking oil contributing 96.61%, respectively, while water cooling media contribute 88.41%.

Study on Awareness of Payment and Adoption of Digital Payment System among Commerce Students

India is a country with developing stage. The growth of economy is done into the fasted speed. Purchase and selling of products among the people was happened in old age years. Firstly people use barter system as the medium of exchange among the goods. But due to economic value of product the exchange in barter system had become difficult. So the concept of money was introduced among the people in the country. Money’s like Coins , Paper money and plastic money was introduced to the people. Then Later RBI has launched UPI or digital payment systems in the country. The young generation in India have made them self very comfortable with online or digital payment. Not only the young generations or college students but salaried people or people with earning income i.e educated and uneducated all have made themselves comfortable with digital payment systems. Due to immense growth in economy of India and growth in technology sector RBI have boosted digital payment on large platform. Google Pay, Paytm, Phone Pay, BHIM application and others. Smart cell phones in the hands of young generations and people have help a lot to increase the usage of digital payments among the people in India.

Smart Agriculture using IoT

Greenhouse Environment or Smart agriculture, used to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for efficient production, forms an important part of the green house and horticulture sector .To create an optimal environment the main parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity ,ground water ,etc. needs to be controlled. The main objective of this project work is to design an automated greenhouse which is purely sensor based system .The system inputs from various sensors and displays output .The developed system is simple, cost efficient and easily installable. The results show that the system could be more efficient in man power saving and raising the economic value of products. This asset allows the green houseer to improve the cultivation in a way the plants need. It leads to higher crop yield, prolonged production period, better quality, and less use of protective chemicals. For continuous monitoring and controlling, we are using wireless sensor network. Here the greenhouse parameters are send through the internet to the open source cloud server. The parameters can be controlled by another web-server hosted locally. This project mainly focused on user friendly UI design and automatic system.

Extraction Optimization and Structural Characteristics of Chitosan from Cuttlefish (S. pharaonis sp.) Bone.

In fish processing, reducing the waste rate and increasing the economic value of products is an important issue for global environmental protection and resource sustainability. It has been discovered that cuttlefish bones can be an excellent resource for producing attractive amounts of chitin and chitosan. Therefore, this study optimized chitosan extraction conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) to establish application conditions suitable for industrial production and reducing environmental impact. In addition, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR and scanning electron microscope (SEM) characteristics of extracted chitosan were evaluated. The optimum extraction conditions for chitosan from cuttlebone chitin were 12.5M NaOH, 6 h and 80 °C, and the highest average yield was 56.47%. FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and SEM identification proved that the chitosan prepared from cuttlefish bone has a unique molecular structure, and the degree of deacetylation of chitosan was about 81.3%. In addition, it was also confirmed that chitosan has significant anti-oxidation and oil-absorbing abilities. This research has successfully transformed the by-products of cuttlefish processing into value-added products. The process not only achieved the recycling and utilization of by-products but also enhanced industrial competitiveness and resource sustainability.

Small ruminants and sustainability in Latin America & the Caribbean: Regionalization, main production systems, and a combined productive, socio-economic & ecological footprint quantification

A comprehensive evaluation of the sustainability of the Small Ruminant Production Systems (SRPS) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is crucial to better understand their main distinctive characteristics and to propose a methodological analysis to quantify the ecological, economic and social footprint of small ruminants in the LAC region; this study aims to address such issues. Although it is complex to achieve a classification of systems integrating all the different SRPS existing in the LAC region, four main systems were proposed: Silvopastoral, Extensive Agrosilvopastoral, Intensve Agrosilvopastoral, & Intensive-Industrial. During 1998–2018, the LAC-goat-sheep annual average (AA) regarding inventory was 113.7 M heads. While sheep represented 70% of LAC inventory showing an overall decrease (−8%; 316,126 sheep yr−1), goats accounted 30%, with a global 18% rise (142,744 goats yr−1). Eight countries concentrated 90% of such census, highlighting Brazil 23% (25.87 M), Argentina 16% (18.78 M), Mexico 14% (16.43 M), & Peru 14% (15.49 M). The SRPS generated an AA of milk-meat-wool protein (MMWP) of 204.5 Mt, observing a decreased trend (−18%) mainly related to a reduction in raw wool (−45%) with concomitant increases for goat meat (7%), goat milk (27%), sheep meat (15%) & sheep milk (15%). While the SRPS-LAC-AA gross economic value of production was 1772.0 MUSD, 10 countries concentrated 95% of such value, notably Argentina 452.56 MUSD (26%), Mexico 369.11 MUSD (21%), & Brazil 328.0 MUSD (19%). Regarding the environmental impact for said period, the SRPS generated AA values of 585.5 Gg-CH4, 14,649 CH4-CO2eq, 1.73 Gg N2O, 514.1 N2O-CO2eq, 15,164.3 Total Emissions- CO2eq, & an AA-BWF of 264.3 Mm3. Regarding the DGHGE (Gg of CO2eq) emissions, 75% were generated by five countries, highlighting Brazil (3445; 23%), Argentina (2477; 16%), & Mexico (2196; 14%). While the global EV of production by the SRPS-LAC was 37,212 MUSD, the total economic cost of the DGHGE was 6516 MUSD; such cost represented 18% of the EVP-SRPS-LAC. The BWF-SRPS-LAC increased by 12%, from 246.36 Mm3 in 1998–275.58 Mm3 in 2018; the main countries were Mexico (71.73 Mm3; 27%), Brazil (46.62 Mm3; 18%), & Argentina (43.81 Mm3; 16%). Interestingly, the BWF in m3 kg−1 MMWP−1 yr−1, registered an overall increase of 36%, going from 1.11 in 1998–1.51 in 2018. When breaking down the percentage contributions of the EV-Ecological Footprint (EF), 79% corresponds to the EV-BWF and the remaining 21% to the EV-CF. The less water-efficient countries were Guatemala, Bahamas & Guyana, with respective EV-BWF values of 386%, 356% & 316%. Regarding the socioeconomic impact, when transforming the EVP-SRPS-LAC into minimum wages, a global growth of 139% was observed; from 200,000 (1998) to 478,000 (2018) annual minimum wages (AMW). Mexico displayed the highest growth while the largest AMW-contribution across years, with 172,587 AMW, an AA increase of 7243 MW and a grand total MW-contribution (GTMWC) of 3,624,307 MW across years. Our methodological approach demonstrate that the SRPS-LAC are an eco-friendly while sustainable option in the face of climate change. However, this sustainability is not homogeneous throughout the study region; further studies must address this type of environmental impact by the SRPS-LAC in a regionalized fashion within the LAC-region; it is certainly a pending assignment. According to our results, it is fundamental to generate transformation and revaluation strategies based on a circular bio-economy perspective, to better understand how these various SRPS products and services benefit the environment, the producer and his family.

An Exploratory Study of the Purchase and Consumption of Beef: Geographical and Cultural Differences between Spain and Brazil.

Beef consumption and production in Spain and Brazil are different with the consumption of beef in Brazil being three times higher than in Spain. In addition, there are variations in the economic value of production and in the traceability system. Therefore, the aim of this research was to understand the purchasing and consumption patterns using the customer behavior analysis technique of focus groups, which analyzed motivations for the consumption of beef, classifying their preferences by the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes at the time of purchase. The key aspect of the consumption of beef, both for Spanish and Brazilian consumers, was personal satisfaction/flavor. Spanish consumers were more conscious than Brazilians of the beneficial and harmful qualities that meat provides. The presence of fat was the factor that most restricted intake in both countries. The most important intrinsic attributes for Spanish and Brazilian consumers were the visual aspects of the meat: color, freshness, and the quantity and disposition of fat. The most important extrinsic characteristics were the price and expiration date. Spanish consumers see packaged meat as convenient and safe, although it is considered by Brazilians to be over-manipulated. The traceability certification on the label provides credibility to the product for the Spanish but only partially for Brazilians.

Integrating Camelina Into Organic Pig Production—Impact on Growth Performance of Pigs, Costs, and Returns

The sustainability of organic production and cover crops depends on production costs and the economic value of products. Feed cost, contributing 65–75% of the total production cost, has a significant impact on profitability of organic pig farming. Utilizing grains harvested from cover crops as a feed ingredient for organic pigs can potentially protect the environment and increase the economic value of cover crops. This study was the first to evaluate the viability of integrating winter cover crop, camelina, into organic pig production. Winter camelina was grown organically in single or relay with soybeans to increase the total yield per hectare. Camelina yields in monocrop and in relay-crop fields were 1,394 and 684 kg ha−1, respectively. Although the total yield of camelina and soybean (1,894 kg ha−1) in the relay-crop field was higher than camelina yield in the monocrop field, monocropping camelina is more economical than relay-planting with soybeans due to the difference in production costs. Camelina press-cake was supplemented in diets fed to pigs raised under near-organic standards. Supplementing 10% camelina press-cake in diets reduced feed intake, weight gain, final weight at market, carcass weight, and dressing percent of pigs, but did not affect feed efficiency, belly firmness or pork quality. The viability of integrating camelina into organic pig production depends on marketing organic pigs for $2.4 kg−1 of live weight and marketing camelina oil for $3.59 kg−1 or more if monocropping.

Analysis of the impact of convection industrial waste

Waste from the production of an industry is one of the problems that often arise. The statement about whether the waste will be thrown away or will be produced again to obtain products with added value to increase the economic value of residual waste production and reduce environmental impacts. This study will identify the impacts and causes of residual production waste in the convection industry and develop products from residual production waste so that we can reduce the environmental impact in the form of waste and also increase the economic value of products and of course become income for the industry. Initial identification is done by identifying waste from the production process in the convection industry. The list of wastes will be analyzed for their impacts and causes using the cause consequence analysis method. The initial method used was the fault tree analysis method to identify the cause of the waste that occurred and it was found that the average waste that occurred was caused by human error and the standard of clothing that was not good so it could not be continued to be produced. The next method is an event tree analysis that is used to identify the consequences if the waste is not handled properly. Solid waste from production if not managed properly will accumulate and can cause negative effects such as flooding. Processing waste into finished products must be supported for the sustainability of this earth, by providing financial assistance to small industries or households to develop products.

Pengaruh Indikasi Geografis Warisan Budaya Tradisional dalam Konteks Keju Serrano di Brazil

ABSTRACT Geographical Indication (GI) is one of Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs)’ working areas. Various products registered as Geographical Indication (GI) could be found in many developed countries because since 100 years ago, their farmers have respected the relation between traditional products and place where those products were originated. However, the same thing has not done by farmers in developing countries, thus only few of their traditional products which have been registered as GI to obtain legal protection. In fact, regarding of the developing countries’ geographic potentials, if they could realize the high economic value of products produced from such geographical potentials, they will be benefitted by the existence of GI. Theoretically, TRIPs is profitable if countries could maximize the role of TRIPs. TRIPs’ role is not only considered from how the legal protection of TRIPs could avoid losses caused by criminal act, but also from how TRIPs could add the value of those products to put them in the best prices. However, practically, the role of TRIPs is still controversial in developing countries because they are still upholding their traditional cultural values, while the intellectual property rights tend to be related with the use of modern technologies. One form of such controversies could be seen in the context of Serrano Cheese in Brazil, which shows how GI affects the traditional cultural heritage of indigenous people. Keywords: Geographical Indication, TRIPs, Serrano Cheese

Situación productiva reciente de las explotaciones con bovino en España: el caso de la Cornisa Cantábrica

<p>This study characterizes, from a productive and socioeconomic point of view, the cattle farms in Cantabrian Cornice and Spain, besides analyzing recent evolution of the main adjustment indicators between 2007 and 2016. In doing so, we have analyzed the main agricultural magnitudes, relative to the number of farms, land, livestock, labor and economic value of production. The results obtained show a territorial concentration, specialization and productive concentration of the cattle, together with an advance of the structural adjustment process.</p>

Real-Time Implementation of Greenhouse Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network

The climate change has brought about unpredictable weather conditions that have resulted in the global food shortage being experienced. This issue can be solved by greenhouses, they play a main role in increasing the crop yield per unit area and represent the suitable environment for off-corps yields. Managing and continuous monitoring the green house environment can be done using a wired sensor network, but the high cost, wiring complexity, fixed sensor locations and the restricted distances are the big problems of this type of a networking. To solve these problems, we implemented a real time embedded system using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on ZigBee technology to control and monitor the environmental of greenhouses. The WSN can be adopted as the best solution to apply in greenhouse because of its good properties, long distances, low-cost, low power consumption, high security and high reliability. The constructed system is implemented based on simple components, ATMEGA328P microcontroller and ZigBee are represented the kernel of sensor node, collect data from various sensors and present them to a coordinating station where data can be stored and processed, then actuators will be operate depending on the processed data. The captured data will be displayed for monitoring in a real time manner. The monitor system was developed using GSM technology. The simulation results show that the system is more efficient in the manpower saving and raising the economic value of products. Furthermore, the developed system is simple, and easily installable.

Effects of processed recycled poultry bedding with tannins extracted from pomegranate peel on the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of lambs

The aim of this experiment was to decrease the rumen degradability rate of recycled poultry bedding (RPB) protein using pomegranate peel extract (PPE) as the tannin source. Furthermore, to study the effects of this processing method on nutrient digestibility, rumen and blood parameters, nitrogen retention, growth performance, carcass characteristics of male Arabi lambs, and the economic value of diets and production. Thirty-two Arabi lambs (19.7 ± 2.45 kg bodyweight, 90 ± 12 days old) were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments including a control and RPB treated with 20%, 25% and 30% PPE on a dry matter basis. Compared with the control, treatment of RPB with PPE did not affect apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre or acid detergent fibre. However, apparent crude protein digestibility decreased significantly. Dietary treatments had no effect on ruminal pH, although ammonia-nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen concentration decreased in diets containing RPB treated with PPE. All lambs were in a positive nitrogen balance and the highest nitrogen retention was observed in the dietary group that was fed RPB treated with 25% PPE. Adding PPE to RPB up to 25% significantly increased final bodyweight, total gain, average daily gain and warm carcass weight, and improved the economic values of production as it decreased the price of each kilogram diet and cost per unit of production (each kilogram bodyweight). The dry matter intake and gain efficiency were unaffected by treatments. Therefore, treatment of RPB with 25% PPE in the finishing diets of Arabi lambs improved growth performance and nitrogen metabolism without affecting feed intake and gain efficiency, and warm carcass weight, and improved the economic values of production.Keywords: ammonia nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen, carcass characteristics, economic analysis, nitrogen balance

Reallocating regional water apparent productivity in the long term: methodological contributions and application for Spain

The main objective of this paper is to quantify and explain the main trends and determinants of long-term agricultural water apparent productivity (WAP). The WAP shows the economic value of products per cubic meter of water used and is calculated as the ratio between the value of agricultural production and its water use (the water footprint). In order to understand economic and agricultural structural changes, we use index decomposition analysis, novel in the study of WAP. This approach is consistently multidimensional (results for different crops and provinces are analyzed) and multilevel (different levels of crops and regional disaggregation are combined), and hence applications are possible for different regions and settings. In the case of Spanish agriculture (analyzed here), the study is of particular importance, given the profound political, economic, and agricultural transformations experienced in the twentieth century. Furthermore, given Spain’s particular environmental conditions—such as the high number of sunshine hours and the unequal distribution of rainfall—the spatial and temporal differences are notable in terms of crop production composition, economic value, and water footprint. The results show a 27% increase in agricultural WAP from 1955 to 2005–2010, totally explained by an improvement in water efficiency (intensity effect reflecting the use of water relative to the production attained) that happened in most areas of the country. The relative variations in the regional composition of the water footprint (share effect), and especially the crop production patterns (composition effect), contributed to a slowdown in total WAP at the country level. However, the share and composition effects encouraged the WAP’s growth in South and Southeast Spain, areas that produced high value-added crops with large water needs.

Opportunities to Improve Resilience in Animal Breeding Programs.

Resilience is the capacity of an animal to be minimally affected by disturbances or to rapidly return to the state pertained before exposure to a disturbance. However, indicators for general resilience to environmental disturbances have not yet been defined, and perhaps therefore resilience is not yet included in breeding goals. The current developments on big data collection give opportunities to determine new resilience indicators based on longitudinal data, which can aid to incorporate resilience in animal breeding goals. The objectives of this paper were: (1) to define resilience indicator traits based on big data, (2) to define economic values for resilience, and (3) to show the potential to improve resilience of livestock through inclusion of resilience in breeding goals. Resilience might be measured based on deviations from expected production levels over a period of time. Suitable resilience indicators could be the variance of deviations, the autocorrelation of deviations, the skewness of deviations, and the slope of a reaction norm. These (new) resilience indicators provide opportunity to include resilience in breeding programs. Economic values of resilience indicators in the selection index can be calculated based on reduced costs due to labor and treatments. For example, when labor time is restricted, the economic value of resilience increases with an increasing number of animals per farm, and can become as large as the economic value of production. This shows the importance of including resilience in breeding goals. Two scenarios were described to show the additional benefit of including resilience in breeding programs. These examples showed that it is hard to improve resilience with only production traits in the selection index, but that it is possible to greatly improve resilience by including resilience indicators in the selection index. However, when health-related traits are already present in the selection index, the effect is smaller. Nevertheless, inclusion of resilience indicators in the selection index increases the response in the breeding goal and resilience, which results in less labor-demanding, and thus easier-to-manage livestock. Current developments on massive collection of data, and new phenotypes based on these data, offer exciting opportunities to breed for improved resilience of livestock.