Economic Sociology Research Articles

Deciding between Domains: How Borrowers Weigh Market and Interpersonal Options

Individuals routinely satisfy borrowing needs by transacting in the market or by relying on social relations. In the market domain, price logic leads borrowers to choose the cheaper option; in the interpersonal domain, role-matching logic leads borrowers to choose the relation best matched to the act. But how do individuals choose when faced with options from each domain? Drawing on theories in economic sociology that assert the economic and the social are mutually constitutive, we posit that when market and interpersonal options appear in the same choice set, the characteristics of one option inflect how people assess the other. Through two survey experiments, we show that price sensitivity toward the market option is less when the interpersonal option is role mismatched and that concerns about interpersonal borrowing changing or damaging the relationship attenuate when the market option is expensive. We discuss the implications for studies of stratification and financial decision-making.

Reflexive expectations in innovation financing: An analysis of venture capital as a mode of valuation.

Social studies of expectations are premised on the notion that the future is brought into the present, and thereby expectations about the future come to shape our actions, decisions, and practices in ways that performatively bring about the imagined future. In this article, I examine how social actors themselves understand, construct, and deploy future expectations in innovation financing, focusing specifically on the venture capital industry financing of the life sciences sector. I do so to analyse how these reflexive efforts configure the valuation and investment decisions of these social actors and others. I build on analytical perspectives in STS and adjacent fields such as organization studies and economic sociology that analyse the role of expectations - manifested as stories, narratives, and accounts - in social action. To do so, I unpack how reflexivity comes to configure valuation and investment decisions, and the goals (e.g. exits) they rationalize.

A Relational Work Perspective on the Gig Economy: Doing Creative Work on Digital Labour Platforms

Based on interviews with 49 visual artists, graphic designers and illustrators working on two leading global digital labour platforms, this article examines how creative workers perform relational work as a means of attenuating labour commodification, precarity, and algorithmic normativity. The article argues that creative work on online labour platforms, rather than being entirely controlled by depersonalised, anonymised and algorithm-driven labour market forces, is also infused in relational infrastructures whose upkeep, solidity and durability depends on the emotional efforts undertaken by workers to match economic transactions and their media of exchange to meaningful client relations. By applying a relational work perspective from economic sociology to the study of platform-mediated gig work, the article elucidates the micro-foundations of creative work in the digital gig economy, including how labour inequalities are produced and reproduced within and around micro-level interpersonal interactions.

Power and entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship research has benefited from embracing three economic sociology lenses—networks, cognition, and institutions—but has treated power mainly implicitly. This paper pioneers how the concept of power can advance research into entrepreneurship. We illustrate how state actors, legacy firms, and entrepreneurs variously exert coercive, persuasive, and authoritative forms of power over entrepreneurial opportunities or exercise power to pursue them as free actors. We explicitly link context and opportunity-development processes through a power lens and show how power’s interaction-focused and episodic nature that can transcend geographical and institutional boundaries might enrich entrepreneurship research.

Social Structure in New Economic Sociology: An Evaluation Through a Critical Realist Approach

Bu çalışmanın amacı; iktisat bilimini toplumla olan bağını kopardığı gerekçesiyle eleştiren ve bu bağı tekrar kurduğunu iddia eden Yeni Ekonomi Sosyolojisinin, sosyal yapı ontolojisinin yetersiz olduğunu ileri sürmektir. Yeni Ekonomi Sosyolojisinin, sosyal yapı kavramsallaştırması, kişiler arası ilişkiler olarak algılanan “sosyal ağlar” aracılığıyla açıklanmaktadır. Bu açıklama biçimi, sosyal gerçekliğin katmanlı ve tabakalaşmış yapısını göz ardı etmesi nedeniyle, analiz ampirik düzeyle sınırlanmış, indirgemeci bir analizdir. Çünkü sosyal gerçeklik yalnızca ampirik düzeyi değil reel ve aktüel düzeyleri de içermektedir. Eleştirel Gerçekçilik yaklaşımında ise sosyal yapılar, toplumda görülen olguları üreten mekanizmaların bulunduğu, sosyal gerçekliğin derin boyutunu oluşturur. Sosyal yapılar, sosyal ilişkileri ve pratikleri üreten ve ürettiklerine indirgenemeyen bir yapıdır. Bu indirgenemezlik, sosyal yapının, kişiler arası sosyal ilişkilerle veya sosyal ağlarla özdeş olmadığını gösterir. Sosyal yapılar, kişilerin eylemlerini mümkün kılan ve yine kişilerin eylemleriyle dönüştürme imkanına sahip olduğu ve ontolojik olarak kişilerden ve aralarındaki ilişkilerden/pratiklerden önce var olan yapılardır. Çalışma, iktisadi ve sosyal teori için gerekli sosyal yapı kavramsallaştırmanın, Eleştirel Gerçekçilik yaklaşımı tarafından sunulduğunu ileri sürmektedir.

New economic sociology and economic theory

Abstract The paper begins with a brief reminder of the origin of economic sociology. It then surveys research by economic sociologists from the 1980s to the present, with a focus on their relation to political economy, which ranges from close to arm's length. Finally, beyond any differences between economic theory and economic sociology, the paper considers how both approaches can be connected in the socio-historical and economic study of economic inequalities by Thomas Piketty, and the use of matching markets by Alvin Roth.

Dissecting communities of renewable energy: a comparative investigation in New Aquitaine (France)

ABSTRACT Market liberalization in the energy sectors has created several regulatory gaps that ‘heterodox forms’ of economic experiences – such as Community Renewable Energy Organizations (hereinafter, CREOs) – can fill. CREOs are cooperatives or corporations, financing the installation of energy devices. But how do CREOs establish themselves? What are the different ‘social features’ that CREOs assume over time? To deal with these questions, the paper investigates several CREOs through comparative case studies located in the region of New Aquitaine (France). With this aim, we argue that it is useful to cross-fertilize two streams of the literature of economic sociology: the first is the theory of conventions; the latter is that of embeddedness. We will show that CREOs assume distinctive ‘social features’ based on different aggregations of conventions driving social actions, the interaction patterns between the participants and the interactions with local institutions.

Gift-Giving as a Conversion Device in Online Marketplaces

The social foundations of the platform economy stand at the forefront of academic research in economic sociology, communication, and organization studies. Can a study of patterns of gift-giving in online marketplaces further our understanding of the social ties and normative structures underpinning trade? This study suggests that the answer is in the affirmative. Studies of gift-giving in offline markets assert that gifting is predicated on reciprocity and social obligation, and enables the constitution and reproduction of social ties that facilitate trade. This article presents a three-pronged theoretical argument. First, it extends the argument that gifting creates a social space that is open to manipulations and interpretations. Second, it asserts that gift-giving in the online marketplace should be viewed as a particular type of “market device,” an object that guides market actors how to make sense of their socio-economic actions. Third, the article argues that gifting operates as a “conversion device” providing buyers and sellers with a flexible material and symbolic resource that allows them to oscillate and convert between distinct moral frameworks that co-exist within the socio-cultural institution of gift-giving. Based on 54 in-depth interviews, this study finds that gifting flourishes around reputation systems, pointing to their central role in the platform economy. The role of gift-giving as a conversion device is developed and discussed, and the way sellers employ it to convert the normative framework depicting reputation systems as rational and calculative, into a framework highlighting reciprocity and obligation.

Analisis Hukum Islam tentang Pendaftaran Haji Saat Usia Dini (Kajian Terhadap Fatwa MUI dan Teori Sosial Ekonomi)

This study aims to analyze the registration of hajj at this age in the study of the MUI fatwa No. 002/MUNAS X/MUI/XI/2020 and socio-economic theory studies. This study uses a qualitative research method based on literature study with primary data sources, namely the preamble of fatwa no. 002/MUNAS X/MUI/XI/2020 concerning registration of hajj at an early age and a book on economic sociology by Damsar and Indrayani. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis and description analysis techniques. The results of the study explain that Hajj registration at an early age to get a portion of the Hajj is legal (permissible), provided that the money used to register for Hajj is obtained in a lawful way, does not interfere with other costs that must be met, does not violate the provisions of the legislation. , does not hinder the implementation of Hajj for mukallaf who already have the obligation 'ala al-faur and have registered. Then the research also explains that socially registration for Hajj at an early age has the opportunity to create new social strata, where at an early age a person will be seen as respectable by his participation as a prospective Hajj participant. Whereas in the perspective of economic studies, participation from an early age can only be carried out by people with high economics.

Joseph Alois Schumpeter’s Theory of Economic Development and Social Change

Bu çalışma Joseph Schumpeter'in kapitalizm doğası, ekonomik mantığın arkasındaki itici güçler, sosyal-kurumsal yapılar, toplum ve birey ilişkisi, toplumsal ve ekonomik evrim kavramlarına düşünürün çalışmalarından doğru bir bakış içermektedir. Schumpeter'in ekonomik sosyolojisi, öncelikle ekonominin sosyal-kurumsal sistemin parçası olduğu ve ekonomiyi incelemenin nitelikli yolunun onu bu çerçeve içerisinde değerlendirmekten geçtiğini iddia etmektedir. Kurumsalcı iktisatçıların öncüsü diyebileceğimiz Schumpeter, ekonomik faaliyetleri, kurumları ve süreçleri ancak tarihsel olarak belirlenmiş bir düzlemden anlayabileceğimizi savunmaktadır. Schumpeter, iktisatçıların çoğundan farklı olarak, ekonomiyi sadece statik değil, dinamik bir açıdan analiz etmiştir. Bu nedenle Schumpeter, ekonomik gelişmelerin gelecekte nasıl bir şekil alacağını açıklarken, bireylerin ekonomik eylemleri, teknolojik yenilikler, sermayedar ve girişimcinin özelliklerini ve kurumları incelemiştir. Schumpeter'e göre girişimci, kapitalizmin dinamizmi ile yönetimsel kapitalizmin dev bürokratik yapısı arasındaki çatışmanın belirleyeni ve sistemin yıkıcı eyleyeni olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Schumpeter, değişim devam ettikçe, bireylerin değişimi başlatmasının giderek daha kolay hale geldiğini ve bireylerin girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin artık yüksek düzeyde liderliğe sahip belirli kişiler tarafından yapılması gerekmediğini savunmuştur. Schumpeter kapitalizmin yeni bir ekonomik düzene doğru evriminin, adı ne olursa olsun, zorunlu olarak bir tür sosyalizm olacağını öngörmüştür.

Anthropological and Religious Dimension, Ecological Transition and Integral Development: Economic Theory towards a New Paradigm?

The crisis of the market system is highlighted not only by the lag on environmental issues, but also by the lag in responses to repeated social and ethical crises, which are increasingly global. Under scrutiny is the increasingly evident theoretical weakness of the market paradigm and its formally perfect but unrealistic rational model. And it is above all its microeconomic basis that is weak, starting with the theory of behaviour and choice, with the utilitarian Homo Economicus as the only variable, the only key to interpretation. What then are the possible integrations? First of all, the inclusion in economic models of the non-mercantile dimension of exchange, in its various forms: gratuitousness, gift, altruism, relational goods, common goods, reciprocity, promotion of the person. Thus, the recognition of the economic role of non-economic factors, in an interconnected, integral and organic reading of social systems. The response must be systemic, in the various ethical, social and environmental aspects. Economics, natural sciences, anthropology, economic sociology and history of religions can dialogue in the search for a new theoretical paradigm. It is therefore necessary that the ecological transition be followed by a real transformation of the economic model.

Ethnic Chinese Retail Trade Activities in Banyuwangi in 1967-1998

This article discusses the retail trading activities of ethnic Chinese in Banyuwangi in 1967-1998. During this period, various restrictive regulations emerged among the Chinese. One of them is Cabinet Presidium Instruction No. 37/UN/IN/6/1967, which contains a ban on business and residence for foreign Chinese. This condition made retail trading activities to a halt due to the forcible sealing of stores. The outline of the problems studied in this study includes the background of the Chinese ethnic retail trade activity and the formation of the ethnic Chinese retail trade network in Banyuwangi in 1967-1998. The research method used is the historical method which consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The approach used is an economic sociology approach. The results of the study show that ethnic Chinese are increasingly developing their business by acting as retail traders due to limited capital and no special skills are needed. The establishment of a retail trade network is based on the nature of trust and shared experiences, using the concept of family and ethnic networks. The available commodities are diverse, reflecting the needs of the community and showing the development of the socio-economic life of the people in Banyuwangi.
 Keywords: Trading activities, ethnic Chinese, Banyuwangi

Investing in imagined digital futures: the techno-financial ‘futuring’ of edtech investors in higher education

ABSTRACT Educational technology is the focus of increasing financial investment. In this article, we examine how edtech investors imagine and invest in the future of higher education through an empirical case study of a UK investing company. Utilising concepts and methods from economic sociology, we analyse how investment companies engage in techno-financial ‘futuring’ practices. We identify two kinds of futuring practices. First, investors’ imaginary practices produce qualitative ‘fictional expectations’ about the future of education, supported by quantitative financial valuation practices that predict the monetary returns on investment available from funding edtech. Second, we analyse the specific investment-supporting operations of edtech investors, highlighting how imagined futures of education are funded into existence (or not) as investors select and support edtech products or services. In these ways, imaginaries of the future may be materialised in educational institutions through financial investments in specific edtech products. We particularly trace how investment imaginaries and operations shift from edtech markets as selling commodities to edtech industry controlling digital products and resources as assets. Therefore, the two identified complementary futuring practices function as processes of ‘assetisation’, aimed at turning educational services and resources into digital assets with calculable future value for edtech investors.

‘Compañerismo’: Care and Power in Affective Labor Relations

Many Chilean women employers desire domestic workers who are also ‘partners’ or ‘someone to do life with’. Taking ‘partnership’ or ‘compañerismo’ seriously, this paper draws on an affective labor framework and economic sociology to examine how care and power operate in affective and highly commodified labor relations between Chilean women employers and migrant Filipina domestic workers. We contextualize this discussion within historical relations of servitude in Chile and salient demands for more horizontal social and gender relations. We show that rather than reinforcing power or control, employers’ emphases on affective aspects of the labor relation enable their willful ignorance of power hierarchies, through normalizing the racialized presence of the worker in the household. However, explicit talk about money exposes the material conditions of affect and care in this racialized affective relationship. This reveals the uneven distribution and production of both care and power in the household, and highlights the disruptive nature of care work as affective labor.

Formation of a new sociogender order in the context of globalization: let’s look at the world in a new way

Globalization, continuing its development, brings new forms of its manifestation, changing many things in the political, economic, social and spiritual universe, increasingly introducing absurd (as it may seem) phenomena and deformations into everyday life. The article examines the little-studied issue of the development in the world of a complex and contradictory social process associated with the formation of a new gender order. The author builds a coherent conceptual basis for the analysis of a new social phenom- enon from the standpoint of a sociological approach developed under the guidance of professor G.Sillaste by the scientific school “Gender and Economic Sociology” on the conceptual interaction of paradigms of modes of social time, social change and social space. The essence, content, specifics, subject and objects of the new gender order emerging in the world are revealed; the features of its integration into various spheres of life of Russian society and the social risks that arise at the same time. The factors that determine the development of the global gender order and the forms of its country consolidation in the context of globalization, including its implementation in Russian society, are analyzed. The article opens a scientific discussion on understanding a new global social phenomenon, its spread in the country space, risks and threats to national interests, socio-cultural and spiritual values of the institution of the family. In the trajectory of the future, it is necessary to critically assess social risks and threats to the socio-political and cultural- ideological potential of gender norms, incl. gender neutrality imposed by the EU countries, addressed to the institutions of the family, marriage, parenthood, motherhood and fatherhood. Key words: gender (sociogender) order, country space, social changes, gender equality, gender inequality index, gender gap.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРАКТИКИ НЕФОРМАЛЬНОГО РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО ЛОББИЗМА В УСЛОВИЯХ МОДЕЛИ «ЦЕНТР – ПЕРИФЕРИЯ»

Objective of the study: the article examines the development of the phenomenon of informal lobbying in the regions of globalization and the social practices of regional lobbying in protecting the social interests of regional elites in the context of globalization. Methodological basis of the research. The nature of interaction between groups is considered from the standpoint of E. Shils' concept of “center-periphery” in conditions of inequality of financial and economic opportunities for the development of regions. Research results. The transformation of the social structure is analyzed as a factor in the emergence of informal lobbying, which is presented as practices and technologies for promoting social interests by certain regional social and economic groups. Prospects of the study are connected with the author's attempt to move away from the traditional socio-stratification approach by elements of a social group and to conduct a criterion of socio-economic differentiation of regions by the level of their economic independence in their development, taking into account the criteria of subsidization or, on the contrary, donation of Russian regions. This criterion makes it possible to use the principles of economic sociology in the analysis of informal lobbying as a social phenomenon developing in Russia not only in the field of politics, but also more broadly – in the system of social management of regional development and its sociological diagnostics.

Socio-economics beyond the Global North

AbstractThis editorial argues for understanding socio-economics as an interdisciplinary space. While economic sociology and political economy are largely grounded in disciplines, the scope of socio-economics extends beyond any disciplinary subfields. But rather than a grand integration, a realistic aspiration behind this project is establishing a space of dialogue and engagement between them. Here scholarly innovation can take place in a more phenomenon-driven form and via eclectic borrowing and blending of discipline-based theories and methods. The next challenge facing socio-economics is to expand this interdisciplinary space from encompassing the Global North to engage with scholarship on and scholars from the Global South. This long-term challenge reflects very deep economic and social inequalities. The editorial offers several modest observations regarding the practices of writing and publication, while calling for a wider conversation about these issues. Specifically, the editorial highlights the potential of leveraging cross-context engagement with concepts to further new theoretical development.

Semiannual Variation of Total Ion Density of Topside Ionosphere Over Indian Equatorial and Low Latitudes

The International Scientific Research Organization for Science, Engineering and Technology (ISROSET) is a Non-Profit Organization; The ISROSET is dedicated to improvement in academic sectors of Science (Chemistry, Bio-chemistry, Zoology, Botany, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Science, Bioscience, Bioinformatics, Biometrics, Biostatistics, Microbiology, Environmental Management, Medical Science, Forensic Science, Home Science, Library Science, Material Science Military Science, Physical Science, Physical Education Science, Educational Science, Fisheries, seed technology, Agriculture, Forestry Science, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Geology/Earth Science), Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Commerce, Management, Economics Sociology and Social Science.

Possible Relations between Fast Radio Bursts and Gamma Ray Bursts

The International Scientific Research Organization for Science, Engineering and Technology (ISROSET) is a Non-Profit Organization; The ISROSET is dedicated to improvement in academic sectors of Science (Chemistry, Bio-chemistry, Zoology, Botany, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Science, Bioscience, Bioinformatics, Biometrics, Biostatistics, Microbiology, Environmental Management, Medical Science, Forensic Science, Home Science, Library Science, Material Science Military Science, Physical Science, Physical Education Science, Educational Science, Fisheries, seed technology, Agriculture, Forestry Science, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Geology/Earth Science), Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Commerce, Management, Economics Sociology and Social Science.

Generalized Composite Regression with Ratio and Product Estimators in Double Sampling

The International Scientific Research Organization for Science, Engineering and Technology (ISROSET) is a Non-Profit Organization; The ISROSET is dedicated to improvement in academic sectors of Science (Chemistry, Bio-chemistry, Zoology, Botany, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Science, Bioscience, Bioinformatics, Biometrics, Biostatistics, Microbiology, Environmental Management, Medical Science, Forensic Science, Home Science, Library Science, Material Science Military Science, Physical Science, Physical Education Science, Educational Science, Fisheries, seed technology, Agriculture, Forestry Science, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Geology/Earth Science), Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Commerce, Management, Economics Sociology and Social Science.