Existing models for assessing the indirect economic impact of disasters typically focus on the economic impact of post-disaster reconstruction and ignore the repercussions of the periodic characteristics of disaster management; thus, these models rarely capture the full indirect economic impact of disasters. In response, this study develops the TransIRIO model, which captures the amplified impacts of emergency rescue, transportation interruption and reconstruction on demand during the emergency - recovery - reconstruction. The balancing of adaptive behaviours, such as creating an inventory buffer, price elasticity, import/export control strategies, and distribution optimization is explored, and the intelligent response behaviour of interregional industrial entities in post-disaster management is assessed. We apply the TransIRIO model to simulate the propagation of impacts across 31 provinces in mainland China following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. Our results found that previous assessment models that did not consider specific social activities during emergency rescue underestimated the indirect economic impact of disasters to some extent, and that underscored the importance of incorporating the spatially distributed and networked characteristics of transportation systems into supply-demand chain-based economic models. This study not only presents a novel approach to economic modelling but also provides valuable insights for policymakers and researchers engaged in post-disaster recovery planning.