Economic Impact Research Articles

Evaluation of the content and quality of schizophrenia on TikTok: a cross-sectional study

Schizophrenia is a common and serious heterogeneous mental disorder that has a significant health and economic impact on families and society. As the prevalence of schizophrenia increases each year, public awareness of the disorder is growing. However, it remains unclear whether the quality of information presented in these videos is satisfactory. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of the quality and content of schizophrenia-related videos on video-sharing platforms is necessary. We screened 123 schizophrenia-related videos from the video-sharing platform TikTok that met the criteria, and evaluated and analyzed them. First, the basic information provided in the videos was recorded and analyzed. The source and content type of each video was then determined. The educational content and quality of all videos were then evaluated using three rating instruments, Modified DISCERN, Global Quality Scale, and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Videos from different sources were also compared to see if they were statistically different in terms of educational content and quality. We identified 4 categories of content for the videos. The science introduction category had the largest number of 50, and the least number of videos was etiology and causation at 15. Six categories of sources of videos were also identified: the for-profit organizations category has the lowest number of 10, the health professionals category has the highest number of 45. There was a significant correlation between video source and duration (P = 0.014). The JAMA score was significantly positively correlated with the number of video likes (r = 0.721, P < 0.001). This study evaluated the content and information quality of 123 videos related to schizophrenia on the video-sharing platform TikTok. The findings indicate that while these videos offer some valuable insights into schizophrenia, the overall quality falls short of satisfactory levels, with inadequate reliability and accuracy.

Economic impact case study of a wearable medical device for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea

BackgroundAcuPebble SA100 (‘AcuPebble’) is a novel wearable medical device to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). This paper investigates the potential economic impact of the technology in the UK through cost savings analysis, and the redirection of savings into further diagnoses.MethodsA cost comparison study was conducted, comparing AcuPebble to the standard diagnostic approach of home respiratory polygraphy (HRP) and in-clinic polysomnography (PSG), estimating the net benefit value (NBV) and return on investment (ROI). Cohort size was varied to model the effects of volume discounted pricing and staff training costs. To demonstrate the potential for cost savings, data on the healthcare costs of undiagnosed OSA patients were used to quantify the benefit of increased OSA diagnosis rates, as facilitated by AcuPebble.ResultsFor 500 uses of AcuPebble, the NBV in the diagnostic pathway over one year would be in excess of £101,169, increasing to £341,665 for 1,500 uses, £1,263,993 for 5,000 uses, and to £2,628,198 for 10,000 uses, with ROIs of 2.02, 3.03, 5.05, and 6.56, respectively. Given an initial cohort of 1,500 patients, 4,555 extra AcuPebble studies could be completed by redirecting resources from HRP/PSG. Direct cost savings to the NHS from resultant lower undiagnosed rates could be between £24,147 and £4,707,810, based on the cost per use and the percentage of tests that result in a positive diagnosis (varied from 25 to 75% positives).ConclusionsAcuPebble presents an opportunity for substantial healthcare savings, enabling an increase in the number of people tested, diagnosed and treated for OSA.

Informing HPV vaccine pricing for government-funded vaccination in mainland China: a modelling study

The high price of HPV vaccines remains a significant barrier to vaccine accessibility in China, hindering the country's efforts toward cervical cancer elimination and exacerbating health inequity. We aimed to inform HPV vaccine price negotiations by identifying threshold prices that ensure that a government-funded HPV vaccination programme is cost-effective or cost-saving. We used a previously validated transmission model to estimate the health and economic impact of HPV vaccination over a 100-year time horizon from a healthcare payer perspective. Threshold analysis was conducted considering different settings (national, rural, and urban), cervical cancer screening scenarios (cytology-based or HPV DNA-based, with different paces of scale-up), vaccine types (four types available in China), vaccine schedules (two-dose or one-dose), mode of vaccination (routine vaccination with or without later switching to high-valency vaccines), willingness-to-pay thresholds, and decision-making criteria (cost-effective or cost-saving). Furthermore, we examined the budget impact of introducing nationwide vaccination at the identified threshold prices. Using the current market price, national routine HPV vaccination with any currently available vaccine is unlikely cost-effective. Under a two-dose schedule, the prices of the four available HPV vaccine types cannot exceed $26-$36 per dose (44.1%-80.2% reduction from current market prices) depending on vaccine type to ensure the cost-effectiveness of the national programme. Adopting vaccination at threshold prices would require an annual increase of 72.18%-96.95% of the total annual National Immunization Programme (NIP) budget in China. A cost-saving routine vaccination programme requires vaccine prices of $5-$10 per dose (depending on vaccine type), producing a 21.38%-34.23% increase in the annual NIP budget. Adding the second dose is unlikely to be cost-effective compared to a one-dose schedule, with the threshold price approaching or even falling below zero. Rural pilot vaccination programmes require lower threshold prices compared with a national programme. Our study could inform vaccine price negotiation and thus facilitate nationwide scale-up of current HPV vaccination pilot programmes in China. The evidence may potentially be valuable to other countries facing HPV introduction barriers due to high costs. This approach may also be adapted for other contexts that involve the introduction of a pricy vaccine. CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS); Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Unveiling the True Price: Assessing the Economic Impact of Cosmetic Surgery Tourism on a Single Tertiary Center in Bahrain

Abstract Background In light of the escalating cost of cosmetic surgery in Bahrain, the burgeoning “Cosmetic Surgery Tourism” sector has captured the attention of many Bahrainis. Neighboring countries aggressively promote affordable packages on numerous social media platforms, luring individuals with the allure of a vacation experience. However, insufficient postoperative care abroad has far-reaching implications that jeopardize both patient well-being and the integrity of the healthcare system. Objectives This study aims to assess the present patterns of complications related to cosmetic surgery tourism and the resulting financial burden on the Bahraini healthcare system. Methods A retrospective cost analysis and chart review were performed for all patients who presented with complaints associated with cosmetic surgeries between January 2018 and September 2023. After identifying patient demographics, procedure characteristics, admission data, length of stay, and intervention needs, a comprehensive cost analysis was conducted. Results A total of thirty patients manifested complications. Complications associated with abdominoplasty were the most prevalent. Iran emerged as the most frequented destination, with Egypt and Turkey following in order of prevalence. Surgical-site infections constituted the most common complications. Required interventions included admission for intravenous antibiotics, hyperbaric wound care, implant removal, and critical care admission. The projected expense to the hospital was 65,970 BHD (175,000 USD), equating to an average expenditure of 2,200 BHD (5,852 USD) per patient. Conclusions The allure of cost-effective cosmetic treatments often leads to complications that impose substantial economic burdens. The study concludes with policy recommendations to balance individuals’ freedom to seek healthcare abroad with long-term sustainability and equitable access to Bahrain's healthcare system.

Corrigendum to “Economic impact of more stringent environmental standard in China: Evidence from a regional policy experimentation in pulp and paper industry” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 158 (2020), 104831

Corrigendum to “Economic impact of more stringent environmental standard in China: Evidence from a regional policy experimentation in pulp and paper industry” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 158 (2020), 104831

PREREQUISITES FOR THE APPLICATION OF MONETARY POLICY TOOLS OF THE "NEW REALITY" IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL IMPACT OF MILITARY AGGRESSION IN UKRAINE

The prospects of using a new type of monetary policy instruments, which determine modern significant changes in the development of global financial, economic and social relations, caused by the geopolitical influence of military aggression in Ukraine, are studied. Not only the negative financial and economic impact on the country victim of hostilities, i.e. Ukraine, was established. Problems with inflation and debt were also identified in the G7 countries, as well as in China due to the consequences of the war in Ukraine. It was determined that the financial system of countries that have close trade and monetary transactions with developed market countries will also have a significant impact of the global crisis. The financial and economic indicators of Ukraine, the G7 countries and China for the medium term are predicted. The influence of the main financial threats on the macroeconomic stability of the country's economy in the conditions of military aggression is determined, and the main instruments of monetary policy that would allow maintaining such stability are indicated. It is noted that the use of a new type of monetary policy in modern realities, based on non-traditional instruments, will contribute to overcoming the negative impact of military aggression in all countries that experience it.

Nonlinear Dynamics of a Zoonotic Disease with Control Interventions through Fractional Derivative

The zoonotic infection campylobacteriosis poses a significant public health burden, contributing to widespread morbidity and, in severe cases, mortality, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The economic impact is considerable, with costs arising from medical care, hospitalization, lost productivity, and the need for stringent food safety measures. In this paper, we model the dynamics of campylobacteriosis with drug resistance in humans and animals using fractional derivatives. The fundamental concepts of fractional derivatives are presented to analyze the disease dynamics. Our work focuses on both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the proposed model. The fixed-point theorem is applied to investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions. We also examine the stability of the system through analytical techniques. To further explore the system, a numerical scheme is introduced to visualize the solution pathways and assess the influence of various factors. We demonstrate the dynamics of campylobacteriosis with drug resistance, highlighting the effects of different factors on infection levels. Furthermore, our results identify the key factors crucial for effective disease control and management.

THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FIRE PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION

Fire behaviour in the Mediterranean region has been altered by climate change. In the last decade, not only has the occurrence of fires increased but also their virulence. This is primarily due to higher temperatures and the decrease in the rainfall, which have made forest ecosystems less able to withstand fires. It has also been observed that most wildfires are related directly or indirectly with human actions, and they usually occur in wildland-urban interface (WUI) areas. The current research focuses on the economic quantification of the benefits that fire preventive strategies could generate, demonstrating that it is worth it to invest in this kind of measures for both the environment and the society. This study shows the results of a pioneering project, called GUARDIAN, which is applied in a WUI area located at the east of Spain, with the aim of preventing and combating wildfires that could put at risk the life of 15,000 inhabitants while preserving the Natural Park of Túria and La Vallesa (Valencia-Spain). GUARDIAN is a multifaceted project that integrates recycled water, advanced technology, and ecological enhancements to create a more fire-resilient environment while educating and preparing the local community for fire-related challenges. The results of the current research intend to give a value to those benefits of the project that usually have not a market value and are difficult to measure, and due to that fact, they are not usually considered in the cost-benefit analysis. The methodology applied allows to compare in economic terms the environmental benefits of fire preventive measures implemented in the GUARDIAN project with the costs incurred by the measures developed. The environmental area protected by the project results in a value that ranges between €338,035,481 to €485,384,281. Accordingly, the methodology and results of this study are of great interest to public administrations, encouraging the implementation of fire preventive strategies.

Costs and economic impact of student-led clinics-A systematic review.

Student-led clinics generate a range of benefits to multiple stakeholder groups. Students receive important educational opportunities to advance in their training. Patients with limited access to care may access effective care or a higher amount of effective care and so reduce burden on the health care system. The financial viability of student-led clinics run by universities is uncertain, and establishing this is complicated by the range of stakeholder costs and benefits that may be involved. This systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence related to the costs and benefits of student-led clinics and report the methods that have been used to measure these costs and benefits. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE All, PsychInfo, CINAHL, A+ Education (Informit), ERIC (ProQuest) and ProQuest Education databases for studies that reported the costs and/or economic benefits of student-led clinics from inception through August 2023. Studies were screened for eligibility, and data were extracted including study characteristics, student-led clinic description and economic outcomes. A narrative synthesis was undertaken due to the heterogeneity of studies. Of 349 potentially eligible studies, 24 were included. Nine studies (38%) used an outcome description-monetised approach; four used partial economic evaluation (17%); four employed cost description (17%); two used cost approximation (8%); two used cost analyses (8%); and one was a full economic analysis (4%). Studies examined costs or benefits, from the perspective of a range of stakeholders, but few examined both. Only six studies (25%) had established the clinical effectiveness of their service. Student clinics generate costs for universities in supplying supervision, capital and consumables. Benefits are shared by patients, students, universities and the broader health system, however, economic evaluations to date have largely ignored or not monetised/valued these benefits. Student-led clinics involve many different stakeholders, each of whom may incur costs and reap benefits. This complicates how we can go about trying to establish the economic efficiency and viability of student-led clinics. Measurement of both costs and benefits is needed to understand the efficiency of student-led clinics in comparison to alternatives. Without the full picture, decision-makers may make decisions that are ill-informed and lead to a loss of benefit for society.

How Star Power Drives Video Game Success

Well-known actors, or stars, clearly are relevant for movies. Today, their influence also extends to interactive video games, for which budgets have reached triple-digit millions of dollars. Yet no existing research addresses the economic impact of star power on video game success across various game traits and reviews. Analyzing video games released on the popular distribution platform Steam between 2008 and 2022, the current study reveals that casting stars as game characters has positive effects on the valence of professional reviews, which in turn affect game success. Stars can therefore increase the quality of a game and reduce uncertainty about it. This impact varies depending on game traits, however. Based on these results, the authors develop an interactive dashboard that managers can use to simulate how they can strategically leverage star power to increase game success.

Cost minimization analysis of chronic kidney disease management: Evaluating economic strategies for early intervention and treatment optimization

Chronic kidney disease is a common global health condition characterized by progressive loss of kidney function and significant cost burden on the healthcare system worldwide. The disease often coexists with conditions such as diabetes and hypertension, further complicates its management and increasing associated costs. Effective economic management, particularly in the early stages of CKD, is crucial for reducing long-term healthcare expenses and improving patient outcomes. This review examines the utility of cost minimization analysis (CMA) as a strategic tool for evaluating economic options in CKD management. CMA is an economic evaluation method that compares the costs of different therapeutic interventions that have demonstrated equivalent clinical effectiveness, thereby aiding healthcare providers and policymakers in identifying the most cost-efficient options to optimize resource utilization. This review highlights the economic impact of CKD, focusing on the increasing costs linked to advanced disease management and the essential role of early diagnosis and intervention in reducing these costs and explores various cost-effective strategies for CKD management, including pharmacological treatments, lifestyle modifications, and patient education, to identify approaches that are both clinically and economically advantageous. Additionally, the broader implications of cost minimization for healthcare policy, clinical decision-making, and resource allocation are discussed for their significance in a resource-limited healthcare setting. Evidence indicates that prioritizing cost-effective CKD management through early intervention and preventive care can significantly lower healthcare expenditures, slow the disease progression, and enhance patient’s quality of life. By adopting such strategies, healthcare systems can achieve better clinical outcomes and ensure financial sustainability.

Assessing the economic impact of the thermal inertization of asbestos waste with an Italian case study

Assessing the economic impact of the thermal inertization of asbestos waste with an Italian case study

QUASIM: Quantum Computing Enhanced Service Ecosystem for Simulation in Manufacturing

AbstractQuantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML), taken individually or combined into quantum-assisted ML (QML), are ascending computing paradigms whose calculations come with huge potential for speedup, increase in precision, and resource reductions. Likely improvements for numerical simulations in engineering imply the possibility of a strong economic impact on the manufacturing industry. In this project report, we propose a framework for a quantum computing-enhanced service ecosystem for simulation in manufacturing, consisting of various layers ranging from hardware to algorithms to service and organizational layers. In addition, we give insight into the current state of the art of applications research based on QC and QML, both from a scientific and an industrial point of view. We further analyze two high-value use cases with the aim of a quantitative evaluation of these new computing paradigms for industrially relevant settings.

The Impact of Mining on Labor Absorption and the Economy of Working Families in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency

This research aims to measure the impact of PT. XYZ towards employment and the economy of working families in North Konawe Regency. The research method used is qualitative using primary and secondary data. Data was obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and Company Data, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that the existence of PT. XYZ in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency absorbs 35 workers from the local area and 15 workers from outside the area. Even though the number of employees is only 50 people, this company's contribution to employment reaches 0.10% of the total workforce in North Konawe. However, the role of PT. XYZ supports the economy of working families quite significantly, with an average contribution reaching 91.39% of family income. This shows that even though the number of workers absorbed is relatively small, the economic impact is quite large for the families of the workers involved.

Influencia de los Delitos Cibernéticos Económicos en Perú

This article aimed to analyze the influence of economic cybercrimes in Peru during the year 2024, addressing the most common modalities, their economic impact, and deficiencies in the legal framework. Economic cybercrimes, such as phishing, identity theft, attacks on payment platforms, and e-commerce scams, have grown significantly in recent years, generating substantial economic losses and affecting user confidence in digital platforms. The methodology adopted was qualitative, with an exploratory and descriptive approach. For data collection, semi-structured interviews with criminal lawyers, prosecutors, and cybersecurity experts were used, along with the analysis of relevant court cases and the documentary review of official reports. The results showed a 26% increase in economic cybercrimes compared to the year 2023. Among the conclusions of the study, the urgent need to update the Peruvian legal framework to adapt to the new criminal modalities that arise with technological advances was highlighted. This analysis sought to provide a critical view on the incidence of economic cybercrimes in Peru.

Políticas gubernamentales en pandemia y el Plan Nacional de Competitividad y Productividad

The study presents an analysis of government policies implemented during the pandemic in Peru and their impact on the National Plan for Competitiveness and Productivity (PNCP). Measures taken in areas such as health, economy, education, and security are examined, highlighting their comprehensiveness and the progress observed until June 2024. Despite challenges, significant compliance with PNCP objectives was achieved, reflecting the country's resilience. The study demonstrates the crucial influence of government policies on long-term competitiveness and productivity. Future research on the long-term economic and social impact of these policies is suggested, along with possible additional strategies to enhance governmental response to similar crises.

Children from the poor families seem to grow up earlier: An examination of how family economy stress links to career exploration.

Career exploration, a critical antecedent to college students' career choices and employment, offers essential guidance for their career development. However, existing research has not explored how changes in family economic stress impact career exploration. Drawing on social cognitive career theory, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the complex interplay between family economic stress and career exploration among vocational school students. We tested our hypotheses using three-time lagged data collected from 600 vocational school students studying in mainland China. As expected, family economic stress positively predicts career exploration via love of money. Additionally, both students' effective part-time behavior and teacher support were found to positively moderate the indirect relationship between family economic stress and career exploration through love of money. We attempt to highlight the broader implications of understanding the nuanced ways in which economic background shapes career exploration. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Is Keynesianism still increasingly relevant? The importance of the economic multiplier

Cyclically, the debate on Keynes’ economic policies reemerge. The economic impact of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 has relaunched the discussion about the importance of Keynesian policies, the multipliers effects, and their impact on stimulating economies. This paper aims to analyze the importance and relevance of the Keynesian multiplier before the pandemic, in a period without experiencing exceptional aggregate shocks. The main focus of the research is to examine the shortcomings of the public investment multiplier, which plays a central role in Keynesian theory. Despite the undeniable relevance of the concept, the issue is to understand the extent to which the multiplier is still relevant in specific contexts. The research presents empirical evidence which suggests that the effects of public investment depend on structural characteristics of economies specifically trade liberalization, the dimension of internal markets, the question of countries having the freedom to issue their currency, and the issue of currencies being accepted as an international reserve. A sample of 35 OECD countries was used for the period 2010–2018. The Keynesian public investment multiplier was calculated for several countries and the obtained values were related to various correlations carried out to assess the relationship between public investment, national income, and specific characteristics of the economies to which the multipliers are sensitive. The results obtained contrast in terms of short-term and long-term impacts so, is at least dubious, that one can rely on Keynesian public policies to boost economies at least in the absence of substantial shocks to aggregate demand.

A Brief Analysis of The Economic Impact of Major Sporting Event on The Host City

The study of sports competition is a crucial field of research that comprises subjects such as economics, sociology, and other related fields. Scholars in this endeavour to tackle paramount questions with profound practical ramifications, which includes exploring the qualities and movements that underlie sports competition. Exploring the factors that influence sports competition outcomes and the ways in which these factors shape diverse competitive landscapes is a valuable and significant research area. This research examines the economic impact of major sports events on the host city. The aim of this research is to provide a thorough analysis of the economic consequences that follow from hosting such events. Through a synthesis of existing literature and empirical analysis, the research investigates the various facets of the economic impact of major sports events, encompassing employment, local commerce, tourism, and infrastructure development. The results indicate that such events can yield significant economic gains, ultimately promoting regional growth and development. However, a thorough analysis of the available evidence emphasises the importance of adopting a multidimensional viewpoint that takes into the account the social, cultural, and environmental ramifications. Despite the intricacies and constraints in accurately measuring the magnitude of the effects, this research ascertains that organising major sports events can generate favourable economic consequences for the locality. The results emphasise the significances of thorough analyses and additional research to enhance our comprehension of the economic implications of hosting such events.

Evaluating the robustness of the ARIO model for a local disaster: 2021 flooding in Germany

Abstract Given the interconnectedness of modern economies and the widespread adoption of just-in-time production methods, even minor disruptions caused by natural disasters can lead to substantial indirect economic impact. A substantial body of literature has explored this phenomenon, using input-output analysis, computable general equilibrium and agent-based models. However, these models (i) heavily rely on parameters and data that often lack empirical grounding or (ii) exhibit considerable uncertainty, making it challenging to assess their reliability. The ARIO model has been widely used in the literature and has provided theoretical foundation for several related models. Using the July 2021 floods in Germany as a case study, we assess the sensitivity of the results of this model by varying key parameters, as well as the multi-regional input-output tables (MRIOTs), which constitute its primary input data. To facilitate this analysis, we introduce a new, resource-efficient Python implementation of the ARIO model, enabling the execution of a large number of simulations. Our findings highlight the substantial impact of data source and parameter selection on model outcomes, especially so when post-disaster rebuilding is costly. To ensure the robustness of their results, future studies on indirect economic impacts should be careful about recovery dynamics, consider multiple scenarios and compare results using MRIOTs from various sources.