Economic Ideology Research Articles

The Redress of Law: Globalisation, Constitutionalism and Market Capture

Emilios Christodoulidis’ The Redress of Law: Globalisation, Constitutionalism and Market Capture is a major achievement for law as both an academic discipline and self-reflexive practice. It skilfully combines an intricate analysis of political constitutionalism’s nature, dynamics and subjection to economic ideologies and market forces with a critical proposal for a new, dignified political constitutionalism freed from the latter. More specifically, it calls for a critical reading of the philosophies and practices that have informed Europe’s sociopolitical, legal and economic development over the past few decades; and a contextual, disruptive framing of a new sociopolitical and legal consciousness released from ‘market coordinates’ (p 355) and centred around what Christodoulidis believes to be the necessary conditions that ought to be fulfilled if our social existence is to be truly just. Thus, The Redress of Law is best described as ‘a treatise in critical constitutional theory’ (p 4) advocating ‘a restatement of praxis philosophy’ (p 2) capable of attaining radical sociopolitical and legal change.

Critical Thinking: A Prerequisite for a New Economics Paradigm

In this paper I posit that most of the serious existential crises faced by humanity are, directly or indirectly, derived from a flawed, yet surprisingly resilient, economic philosophy. The free-market system has certainly produced some benefits, which may counterbalance some of its detrimental impact, but given the persistence of euphemistic and managed narratives in the mainstream political, academic, and media realms, most critical debate is stifled. The paper suggests that it is imperative for the extant research paradigm to be first fully critiqued, then transformed, and finally adopted by the political classes. If a new paradigm gains sufficient traction, however, it will have succeeded where the neoliberal critics of the last fifty years have failed. This paper hopes to offer people fresh insight into this hitherto insurmountable problem.

Are economists overconfident? Ideology and uncertainty in expert opinion.

Economics frequently serves as an advisory discipline to policymakers, bolstered in part by its claims to a unified intellectual framework and high disciplinary consensus. Recent research challenges this perspective, providing empirical evidence that economists' professional opinions are divided by ideological commitments to either free markets on one hand or state intervention on the other. We investigate the influence of ideology in economics by examining the relation between economists' ideological commitments and the certainty with which they express their expert opinions. To examine this relationship, we analyze data fromthe InitiativeonGlobalMarketsEconomic Experts Panel, a unique survey of 51 economists at seven elite American universities. Our results suggest that economists with ideologically patterned views report higher levels of certainty in their opinions than their less ideologically consistent peers, but this boost in confidence is limited to topics that closely pertain to the free market versus interventionism divide.

When to Preach About Poverty: How Location, Race, and Ideology Shape White Evangelical Sermons

AbstractSocial scientists have long been interested in how intergroup contact or elite messaging can reduce or eliminate racial biases. To better understand the role of religious elites in these political questions, we show how a church location's income and racial characteristics interact with racial and economic ideologies to shape the political content of sermons. Testing our theories through both quantitative and qualitative analysis of an original data set of more than 102,000 sermons from more than 5200 pastors, we show that contact is only effective as a means of decreasing prejudice to the extent that actors—in our case, pastors—are ideologically capable of reconciling their potential role in economic inequality. White Evangelical pastors rarely preach about issues of poverty or racial justice overall, but the context of the preaching matters. We find that the greater the share of Black population there is in a church community, the less likely White Evangelical pastors are to mention issues of poverty or racial justice, and when they do mention it, they hold to ideological commitments that avoid blaming systems for racialized economic inequality.

Whose public, whose goods? Generations of patients and visions of fairness in Ghanaian health.

Since Ghana's independence in 1957, the country has seen an ebb and flow of reforms intended to expand and fund state healthcare, informed by diverse notions of affordability and adequate provision. Cycles of attempted health reforms have emerged from disparate political and economic ideologies, themselves a product of broader global histories and specific national experiences. Based on group interviews with people across most administrative regions of Ghana, this paper examines how the formative historical experiences of different generations gives rise to a multiplicity of understandings of what constitutes a 'fair' distribution of national health resources. It discusses the forms and contents of arguments that people of different ages raised in both rural and urban settings in the course of the study - with particular reference to the operation of Ghana's current National Health Insurance Scheme, and in light of their perceptions of the justice or injustice of present day healthcare in relation to earlier periods.

The Effect of Catholic Education on Economic Ideology

Religious adherence, church attendance, and economic ideology have long been intertwined. We discuss the compatibility between Catholic doctrine and individual-based free market systems and then examine the effect of Catholic school attendance on an individual’s belief in and support for a capitalist economic system. Using individual level survey data, we find a positive relationship between attendance at Catholic schools and capitalist ideology as measured by an index that contrasts individual versus government action and responsibility in the economy. While attendance at Catholic school is associated with a stronger emphasis on individual, rather than governmental, responsibility in the economy, the effect is driven largely by Catholic high school or college attendance, reflecting an increased exposure to Catholic faith during the formative years of late adolescence.

Analysis of Professional Specialization in the Perspective of Islamic Economic Philosophy

The study's goal was to define the concept of work professionalism in Islamic economics and to determine the characteristics of professional Muslims in the workplace. The library is the primary location for research. Information is gathered by library research, more specifically by amassing texts on Islamic economics that take a stance on the professionalism of the workplace. Content analysis is used in the methodology for analyzing the data, which is subsequently selected, displayed, and processed in depth. The results show that the idea of professionalism in the workplace in Islamic economics can be seen as the attitude of always taking one's work seriously. Working hard, working full time, exercising discipline, being honest, having strong loyalty, and dedicating oneself totally to one's work are all components of this philosophy. Both ihsan and itqon (professionalism) are highly commended in Islam. Muslims are encouraged by their faith to work in a wide variety of professions and locations. Since Muslims view their job as a religious act, they always put up their best effort, which is congruent with characteristics of a disciplined work ethic. In the context of Islamic economics, there are three primary traits that indicate whether or not a Muslim is professional in their line of work: professional (kafa'ah), as evidenced by skill in one's chosen field; dedicated to one's work; and appreciative of the opportunities afforded by one's vocation. Trust, which is shown in a responsible and trusted attitude when executing each work or obligation, is a blessing from Allah SWT and a prerequisite for its honest and grateful operation. Knowledgeable performance; this is what the Arabic word kafa'ah refers to. According to the Islamic ideals taught by Nabiyullah Muhammad SAW, the virtues of honesty (shiddiq), accountability (amanah), a communicative nature (tabligh), and intelligence (nature) can serve as a basis for professional growth (fathanah).

DEVELOPING GUIDELINES FOR UPGRADING GENERAL EDUCATION COURSES ON APPLYING THE SUFFICIENCY ECONOMY PHILOSOPHY IN REAL LIFE

The objectives of this research were 1) To study the basic information for knowledge development and enhancement of Understanding of applying Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in real life among students of Muban Chom Bueng Rajabhat University. 2) To develop guidelines for upgrading general education courses on applying the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in real life. The results of the research were as follows: 1) The results of the study found that students develop and enhance their knowledge and understanding of how to apply Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in real life without advice or instruction in moral behavior and being thrifty and self-aware. and applying the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in real life by following orders or orders in self-reliance behavior Knowledge and use of intelligence Unity and public consciousness, reasonableness, and conservation of the environment and natural resources. 2) Developing guidelines for upgrading general education courses. The topic of applying the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in real life is divided into 3 steps: the course design process; the process of designing learning activities and the design process for measuring and evaluating learning outcomes. This research will be a guideline to raise the level of general education subjects. and as a guideline for further developing skills in the 21st century for undergraduate students.

Film Analysis of Parasite in the Light of Marxism

The media text chosen for this research is the film “Parasite”. The purpose of the study is to correlate the film with Marxism. Marxism can be defined as the political, social, and economic philosophy. It was invented by Karl Marx that highlights the struggle between two classes of society; the bourgeoisie or capitalists, and the proletariat or working class. A critical analysis of the film has been done to distinguish where Marxist theory was observable. The findings showed that the film Parasite is a perfect illustration of Marxism. It gracefully depicts the class system, which can also be correlated to the real world. On one side, it showed an elite class, so, on the flip side, it exposed the lower class. Hence, both are standard social classes in today’s society. The film doesn't only depict Marxism but also shows the dark side of humanity. On one point, it gives hope to the Proletariat class by delivering a message that upward mobility is possible. So, on the next point, it also alerts the Bourgeoisie class that if the working class tries to become rich, they struggle for it, and are ready to cross all limits to achieve it. Henceforth, a powerful and substantial connection was observed between the film Parasite, Marxism, and the society.

A ‘leftist premium’ to protest movements?: How incumbent partisanship conditions austerity-spurred mass protest

Fiscal austerity is a policy characteristic of governments that adhere to conservative economic ideologies. In recent decades, however, especially after the 2009 Eurozone Crisis, leftist and left-centre coalition governments have also adopted austerity policies. While it is documented that fiscal austerity incurs electoral costs upon incumbent governments and these costs depend on their partisanship, whether and how the partisanship of the incumbent government affects the pattern of protest movements remains unknown. In this paper, I hypothesized that fiscal austerity by leftist governments, through adding a ‘premium’ to public grievances and demining citizens’ utility of electoral participation, results in a higher likelihood of protest movements than fiscal austerity implemented by right-dominant governments. I supported this hypothesis by analysing panel data for 37 developed countries between 1973 and 2015. Besides, the partisan-pronounced effects on the protest likelihood are observed particularly for non-violent protests such as demonstrations and strikes and for the post-2000 era.

THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN A REVIEW OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY

Human behavior is formed from the way he thinks. There are two dominant ideologies of human thinking today, the ideology of capitalism which is the dominant ideology throughout the world and is the benchmark for the actions of the majority of society. The separation of religion from life is the principle that gave rise to this ideology. Meanwhile, the ideology of socialism, even though it has experienced an era of destruction, is still being fought for by its fanatical followers. This ideology emerged from the concept of materialism. Concern and worry, perhaps two words that should be said relate to the behavioral problems that plague humanity today towards human behavior. For this reason, this study will try to unravel how the concept of human behavior in a review of Islamic economic philosophy uses descriptive qualitative research using secondary data. The results of this study describe that humans have a tendency to behave well or behave badly. There is a negative element in the soul in the form of lust (al-ghadhab and al-syahwat), so that humans have good behavior they must use reason to grasp al-hikmat, both al-hikmat al-'ilmiyyat al-nazhariyyah (theoretical wisdom) which is captured by reason theoretical and also al-hikmat al-khuluqiyyat (practical wisdom). These two balances (al-hikmat) become the control of al-ghadhab and al-lust.

Предмет и основные направления современной философии экономики

The modern philosophy of economics in Russia and in the West is devoid of unity: its representatives differ in the definition of the subject of the philoso­phy of economics, and in the various existing definitions, the “philosophical” part is poorly represented and is often replaced by the methodological one. This study is an attempt to form a holistic view of the subject field of modern philoso­phy of economics. In our work, we used comparative and historical methods, a systematic approach. The purpose of our work is to define the boundaries of the subject field of modern philosophy of economics. We describe the main historical stages in the development of the philosophy of economics in Russia and abroad, as well as the views of economists and philosophers on the subject of the philosophy of economics. The general conclusion is that the modern phi­losophy of economics is a study of the methodology, ethics and epistemology of economic science, within the boundaries of which the subject of this area of knowledge is determined. At the same time, the Russian version of the phi­losophy of economics differs from its Western version in the degree of insti­tutionalization and the level of development of the philosophical problems of economics.

Symposium report on “Bioeconomy: New economic philosophy”

Symposium report on “Bioeconomy: New economic philosophy”

Sacred Socialism

Sacred Socialism

From recycling to recoupling: Towards a philosophy of the circular economy in the EU

From recycling to recoupling: Towards a philosophy of the circular economy in the EU

Eco-Friendly Digital Economy Philosophy on the Indonesia-Timor Leste Border

The people on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border are classified as poor and need to be empowered. Poverty is not due to a lack of natural resources but because the natural potential has not been optimally explored. President Joko Widodo has paid attention to the border area to be developed to grow a new economic point for the local people. This research method applies qualitative methods with a philosophical approach. Study findings indicate that the Indonesia-Timor Leste border area, especially Belu Regency is rich in environmentally friendly resources and digital economy that can be developed. An eco- friendly digital economy philosophy on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border can become a reference framework for implementing development at the border toward people’s welfare. The philosophy of an environmentally friendly digital economy can become a new thought innovation that drives the dynamics of development towards improving the economic quality of 600 thousand people for a better life. An environmentally friendly digital economy philosophy can be a solution to poverty in border areas to improve the welfare of the local community. This research provides a framework and recommendations for the Indonesian government to carry out development activities in border areas.

The implementation of sufficiency economy in local development: A case study of administrative areas of Takuk Nuea Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Vibhavadi District, Surat Thani Province, Thailand

This research aims to (1) evaluate the implementation of sufficiency economy philosophy for local development in Tambon Takoek Nuea, Amphoe Wipawadee, Surat Thani province, (2) study the attitudes of the community towards the role of Tambon Takoek Nuea in driving the sufficiency economy philosophy for local development, and (3) examine the relationship between perception factors and participation factors with the attitudes of the community towards the role of Tambon Takoek Nuea in driving the sufficiency economy philosophy for local development. The research utilized a quantitative research method. The researchers used criteria for assessing the understanding, perception, and access to the sufficiency economy philosophy at the local administrative organization level as a framework for evaluation. An online questionnaire was used to collect data to study the community's attitudes in Tambon Takoek Nuea, with a sample size of 400 people. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software to calculate percentages, means, standard deviations, and to compare differences using t-tests and one-way ANOVA tests at a 95% confidence level. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the relationships between variables. The study found that (1) Tambon Takoek Nuea had an evaluation result of sufficiency economy understanding at the level of "understanding" (253 points) according to the Happiness Organization framework. (2) The community had attitudes towards the role of Tambon Takoek Nuea in driving the sufficiency economy philosophy for local development at an overall moderate level (mean of 3.22), and factors such as age, education level, and occupation showed significant differences in attitudes at a statistical significance level of 0.05. (3) Perception factors were correlated with the community's attitudes towards the role of Tambon Takoek Nuea in driving the sufficiency economy philosophy for local development in all three aspects, namely management, participatory community development planning, and community resources. This abstract summarizes the objectives, methodology, and key findings of the research, highlighting the importance of driving the sufficiency economy philosophy for local development in the context of Tambon Takoek Nuea's local administrative organization.

The Split Time: Economic Philosophy for Human Flourishing in African Perspective, by Nimi Wariboko

The Split Time: Economic Philosophy for Human Flourishing in African Perspective, by Nimi Wariboko

Research on the Current Dilemma of Human Survival Based on the Economic Philosophy Manuscript of 1844

Research on the Current Dilemma of Human Survival Based on the Economic Philosophy Manuscript of 1844

Developing a Model for Building Farmers’ Beliefs in the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy to Accommodate Sustainable Agricultural Practices in the Highlands of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand

The sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) has been proven to be the best practical concept for helping a country survive poverty and sustain economic growth. However, establishing a sustainable and practical agriculture strategy based on the sufficiency economy philosophy in the highland region of Thailand is not so simple because of various traditional beliefs among the ethnic groups. The theory of panned behavior (TPB) is a generic fact concerning human behavior and belief, regardless of ethnics. This study adapted this theory to capture and develop a belief model for farmers in the highland region. Data from 375 sampled farmers in the highland communities of the Chiang Mai Province were collected by using a multi-stage sampling technique with a questionnaire and analyzed by applying the method of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). It was found that having a belief in the goal of the sufficiency economy philosophy was the most influential factor for applying this philosophy to sustainable agriculture. The second and third most influential factors were having a belief in the opinions from a group of respectful or trustworthy persons as well as federal organizations, and a belief in self-efficacy, respectively. These three factors of belief were assessed by 10 key information indicators. The results of the assessment and analysis could help local federal agencies make a strategic plan for enhancing farmers’ beliefs in and realization of the usefulness of the sufficiency economy philosophy in highland agriculture.