Pattern Of Economic Growth Research Articles

Institutions, Innovation and Economic Growth Patterns in East Asia: Learning Curves for Sub-Saharan Africa

Institutions, Innovation and Economic Growth Patterns in East Asia: Learning Curves for Sub-Saharan Africa

Productivity and Trade Growth in Services: How Services Helped Power Factory Asia

This paper uses a theory-based measure of productivity-based comparative advantage to examine the trade performance of developing Asian economies in manufacturing and services over the 1995–2011 period. We find that the growth in service exports was nearly as rapid as that in manufacturing over this period—a little-appreciated fact. Services are therefore an integral part of “Factory Asia.” Moreover, the results from a quantitative model of trade show that revealed productivity measures are often comparable between manufacturing and services at a disaggregated level, although the results differ markedly across sectors and economies. We also find evidence of rapid growth in revealed productivity in some service subsectors, comparable to that in manufacturing. Our findings suggest that oversimplifying the relationship between patterns of specialization and subsequent economic transformation and growth patterns misses important elements of reality.

A needed amendment that explains too much and resolves little.

Baumard's application of Life History Theory to explain the origins of economic growth is a needed amendment to incentive-based explanations of modern economics. However, even though it is grounded in evolution, the theory does not do enough to specify the relevant evolutionary mechanisms. As such, it accommodates too many alternative historic scenarios, yet remains unable to explain divergent regional patterns of economic growth.

'Economic Growth: Story of Gujarat Since 1960, What Next?'

Gujarat is a state of India, situated at the western most part of the country. The state is in discussion among modern thinkers for its development strategy. Gujarat is studied and compared with other Indian states too for its high economic growth rate. The state came in existence in 1960 by splitting the Bombay state on the linguistic bases. Gujarat has many growth potentialities as well as natural and social curse on its account which impeded state’s growth. Albeit, high growth rate is not a new experience for Gujarat since its inception, there are few questions that arise when we are concerned with sustainable growth and development. When we study socio-political and natural factors of the state, we can see that not any single factor is responsible for Gujarat’s high growth rate, but it’s a result of combined impacts of innovation, political prudence, and growth propensity of people which have converted some unwanted events in favour of the state. At the end of the story, the question is that the Gujarat has become an example of economic growth but can the growth pattern of Gujarat be a theory for other state? This paper is trying to unveil some features of economic growth pattern of Gujarat state for state’s own sustainable development and for other states of India to be an example if it can be. For this study, some major eventual incidents and decisions taken by Gujarat are studied that have become milestone and directional in growth path of the state.

Inclusive Growth and Absolute Intragenerational Mobility in the United States, 1962-2014

This paper combines historical cross-sectional and longitudinal data in the US to study patterns of economic growth within the income distribution. We quantify absolute mobility as the fraction of families with higher income over a period of several years. The rates of absolute mobility over periods of two to four years are procyclical and are largely confined within 45%-55%. We also find that absolute mobility decreases with income. Individuals and families occupying the lower ranks of the income distribution have a higher probability of increasing their income over short time periods than those occupying higher ranks. This also occurs during periods of increasing inequality. Our findings stem from the importance of the changes in the composition of income percentiles. These changes are over and above mechanical labor market dynamics and life cycle effects. We offer a simplified model to mathematically describe these findings.

Modeling mechanism of economic growth using threshold autoregression models

We propose to apply a time series-based nonlinear mechanism in the threshold autoregression form in order to examine the possible relationship between economic growth rate and its potential determinants included debt-to-GDP indicator. Our approach employs threshold variables instead of exogenous variables and time series data instead of panel data to reveal the economic instruments that have determined the business cycle in European countries for the last 2 decades—starting from 1995. The purpose of the study is to reveal the mechanism of growth (measured in terms of GDP growth rate and industrial production growth rate) given different macroeconomic indicators, such as public debt, rate of inflation, interest rate, and rate of unemployment with the level of growth itself serving as the threshold variables. We identify that the monetary mechanism played an important role in diagnosing the phases of business cycle in most European economies which is in line with liberal economic policy dominating in the observed period. The initial level of debt-to-GDP ratio as its increase within the recession period was of no value for the economic growth pattern.

PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH BERBASIS POTENSI SEKTOR UNGGGULAN DI KABUPATEN GOWA

Regional development policy that based on leading sector potentials had not been adapted to the carryng capacity of the area in Gowa. moreover, the data distribution of regional commodity-based geographic information system (GIS) was unavailable. Therefore , this study aimed to determine the commodity in Gowa, and map distribution of commodity in each district in Gowat that could be the basis for regional development policies in the region. The analytical tool used was the Klassen Typology which classified the economic sector growth patterns in Gowa and Location Quation (LQ) analysis to determine the leading sectors. Then, the descriptive analysis and GIS were carried and see distribution of sub-sectors that aproppriate in each region. Klassen typology analysis results show, the agricultural sector is an advanced sector but deprssed, contribute the economy of Gowa in very large scale of 44% (from 2009 to 2013). However, based on the results of the analysis LQ not only agricutural sector come out leading sectors including finance, real estate and business services sector. On the frame of sustainability development in Gowa, the agricutural is still eligible as leading sector , sice the sector is still dominated the source of income.

Pemetaan Potensi dan Pola Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dalam Mengurangi Ketimpangan Wilayah Kabupaten Mojokerto

The purpose of this study is to analyze what economic sectors are potential to be used as development priorities and patterns of economic growth in the economy of Mojokerto Regency. The method used is: Location Quotient, Shift Share, and Williamson Index. From the analysis of the location quotient that falls into the category of the base sector are Agriculture, Clean Water & Water Sector, Building Sector, Transportation & Communication Sector, Financial Sector, Corporate Leasing & Services, and Services Sector. And the results of the shift share analysis show that the sectors with the fastest growth are the agricultural sector, mining & quarrying sector, manufacturing industry sector, and the trade sector, and the services sector. While the results from Williamson study show that the sub-districts that have the highest level of inequality are in Mojosari sub-district, Pungging subdistrict, and Kemlagi sub-district.

MAPPING OF POTENTIAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH PATTERNS IN REDUCING THE INEQUALITY OF THE MOJOKERTO DISTRICT REGION

The purpose of this study is to analyze what economic sectors are potential to be used as development priorities and patterns of economic growth in the economy of Mojokerto Regency. The method used is: Location Quotient, Shift Share, and Williamson Index. From the analysis of the location quotient that falls into the category of the base sector are Agriculture, Clean Water & Water Sector, Building Sector, Transportation & Communication Sector, Financial Sector, Corporate Leasing & Services, and Services Sector. And the results of the shift share analysis show that the sectors with the fastest growth are the agricultural sector, mining & quarrying sector, manufacturing industry sector, and the trade sector, and the services sector. While the results from Williamson study show that the sub-districts that have the highest level of inequality are in Mojosari sub-district, Pungging subdistrict, and Kemlagi sub-district

Russian economic policy: Challenges of growth

The paper discusses the main challenges of Russian economy at the turning period from contraction to growth. The analysis is based on comparison of global economic trends and special features of Russian performance. Among global problems, it concentrates on prospects of “non-inflation growth”, perspectives of global currencies and the role of cryptocurrencies, central banks independence and their role in economic growth stimulation, new tasks and patterns of government regulation, inequality and growth. In the Russian case, the key topics are prospects of macroeconomic stimulation of growth, inflation targeting, new fiscal rule, social dynamics and new challenges to welfare state. The paper concludes that the main obstacles for economic growth in Russia are concentrated in the non-economic area.

Comprehensive carrying capacity, economic growth and the sustainable development of urban areas: A case study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Abstract The sustainable development of a city should occur via the harmonious development of the urban comprehensive carrying capacity (UCC) and economic growth. To study the 84 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) from 2006 to 2014, this paper uses a spatial econometrics model to evaluate the relationship between the UCC and economic growth, and explore the sustainability of urban development. The results infer some novel findings. First, the impact of economic growth on the UCC has inverted “U”-type characteristics. The economic growth pattern of the urban agglomeration weakens the UCC. Second, the impact of the UCC on economic growth has “U”-type characteristics. The development of the UCC plays a significant supporting role in the economic growth of the YREB. In 2014, 84 cities stayed in the descending phase of the inverted “U” curve, and approximately 50 cities of them lied on the rising segment of the “U” curve. Therefore, reconstructing economic growth models to enhance the UCC represents an important method of realizing a city's sustainable development.

Influence of Technology Innovation on Economic Growth Patterns from a Brain Cognition Based Approach

In recent years, the technological innovations in China has substantial influence on the economic development. But as the market is gaining competitiveness, only with continuous innovations, can China maintain the sustainability of its economy growth. This paper, based on analysis of behavioral data and electroencephalogram (EEG) data, sets to understand the how the technological innovation can exert influence on the economic growth patterns from the perspectives of time phase, space limit and diversified approach. As for the EEG data, we test the cognition of 15 subjects on the degree of recognition, and validate the hypothesis set out beforehand. This paper adopts a new perspective that analyses technological innovation with the brain-recognition-based approach, conducts experiments on how the technological innovation can influence the economic growth patterns, and sets to provide policy recommendations to benefit future technological innovations in China.

China can peak its energy-related carbon emissions before 2025: Evidence from industry restructuring

China has committed to a peak in carbon dioxide emissions circa 2030. However, current policies cannot meet this ambitious goal. Adjusting its energy-intensive, heavy and chemical-based industrial structure is not only the main way China can change its economic growth pattern but also a key policy strategy to achieve its carbon emission peak goal. In addition to carbon emissions goals, economic growth and employment security must be considered for China's development in the context of addressing climate change. Hence, by proposing a new economic-carbon emission-employment multi-objective optimization model, we take a different approach to analyze China's emissions trajectory. The optimized results show that China's energy-related carbon dioxide emissions could peak between 2022 and 2025, most likely in 2023, with CO2 emissions of 11.21–11.56 Gt. When pursuing this peak (from 2013 to 2030), China could still maintain an average growth of approximately 6.1 to 6.4% yr−1 for GDP and approximately 0.24% to 0.51% yr−1 for employment. Furthermore, China's coal consumption has peaked in 2013 while oil would be peaked around 2023 to 2025, based on the optimized industrial structure adjustment trajectory from 2013 to 2030.

Managing Regional Impacts of Trade Liberalization: Informal Practices and Collaborative Economic Development on the U.S.–Mexico Border

How can local actors manage the regional-level impacts of trade liberalization? Most scholarship focuses on how given endowments, such as geographic location and existing industries, affect the local economic impacts of these contentious policies. This study considers local actors’ room for maneuver by focusing on a controlled case comparison of two city pairs along the Texas–Mexico border. These city pairs possessed very similar resource endowments and formal institutions prior to the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement, but diverged dramatically afterward in their economic growth patterns. A detailed comparison of policy implementation reveals that distinct local informal institutions were a key source of their economic divergence. The identification of the role of these “repertoires” of unwritten local habits and practices underscores the potential impact of collaborative efforts on long-term economic outcomes while adding to our understanding of the basis on which such collaborations are built.

At the final stage of the global crisis: Economic tasksin 2017-2019

The paper deals with the global and national trends of economic and social development at the final stage of the global structural crisis. Special attention is paid to intellectual challenges economists will face with in the post-crisis world: prospects of growth without inflation, new global currencies and the role of cryptocurrencies, central banks independence and their role in economic growth stimulation, new tasks and patterns of government regulation, inequality and growth. Special features of Russian post-crisis development are also under consideration. Among them: prospects of macroeconomic support of growth, inflation targeting, new fiscal rule, social dynamics and new challenges to welfare state. The paper concludes that the main obstacles for economic growth in Russia are concentrated in the non-economic area.

Can Energy Structure Optimization, Industrial Structure Changes, Technological Improvements, and Central and Local Governance Effectively Reduce Atmospheric Pollution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Area in China?

Economic growth in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region has been achieved by consuming large amounts of fossil fuels. This produces a large number of pollutants, which damage the physical and mental health of residents, and prevent sustainable economic development. The most urgent task at present is improving the quality of the environment. This paper takes carbon emission as a pollution index, and adopts an extended stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) model in order to study the impact of the optimization of industry structure (in particular the reduction of the proportion of energy-intensive secondary industry), the optimization of the energy structure, and technological improvements on the atmospheric environmental quality. We obtain some important and enlightening discoveries. First of all, the rapid economic growth that has been based on magnanimous fossil fuel consumption is still the main reason for the deterioration of the atmospheric environment. This means that the main driving force of economic growth still comes from high pollution industries, despite a strategy for the transformation of the pattern of economic growth having been proposed for many years. Second, the optimization of the industrial structure has not played a significant role in promoting the reduction of carbon emissions. Through further research, we believe that this may be due to the low-quality development of the third industry. In other words, the traditional service industry related to high energy consumption accounts for a large proportion in regional total output, while the high-end service industry related to small pollution accounts for a relatively small proportion. Third, reducing the consumption of coal and improving the technological level can effectively curb the deterioration of the environmental quality. In addition, we find that transboundary pollution is an important factor affecting the environment in this region, and the earnings of any unilateral treatment action is small. As a result, joint pollution control under the supervision of the central government can produce greater benefits. Therefore, we believe that the transition of the economic growth pattern, and the optimization of the energy and industry structures (especially developing the high-end service industry) are effective ways to improve the environmental quality.

Comparisons of decoupling trends of global economic growth and energy consumption between developed and developing countries

The development of economy in developing countries is expected to contribute mostly to the growth of world energy consumption. Using environment Impact-GDP-Technology (IGT) decoupling model, we carry out a comparative study on the decoupling trends of economic growth and energy consumption for both developed and developing countries in past five decades (1965–2015). The results indicate that the decoupling indices of developed countries are superior to that of developing countries. The specific performances are: (1) The decoupling indices of developed countries are shown to be stable and tend to approximate absolute decoupling; (2) The decoupling indices of developing countries fluctuate in the relative decoupling interval. On this basis, this research employs grey relational analysis (GRA) to explore the reasons resulting in the difference of decoupling indices from the perspective of technical progress, industrial structure and economic growth pattern. The findings show that: in developed countries, technical progress factor exerts greatest influence on decoupling indices, followed by industrial structure and economic growth pattern; in developing countries, industrial structure and economic growth pattern have greater impact on decoupling indices than technical progress. Based on research conclusion, this research offers developing countries relevant policy suggestions for energy saving and emission reduction in the future.

RESILIENT REGIONS FROM SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Regional economies in today‘s world of transitions experience different kinds of shocks: economic downturn, industry shocks which influence the path and pattern of regional economic growth, the quality of life of the inhabitants as well as the state of built and natural environment. Originated from ecological and psychological sciences the term ‗resilience‘ describes the capability to adapt and renew under unfavourable conditions while regional resilience is determined how the region or system responds to shock or disturbance and under these circumstances able to ensure its continuous development. Continuous development criterion links regional resilience to sustainable development (improve the lives of people round the World) promoted by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Developing criteria for resilient regions for promoting sustainable development could contribute to more complex comprehension of regions in spatial development. The research, although put emphasis on economic viability regions are handled as complex systems of various institutional aspects, natural and man-made resources and society, which state, flexibility influences the adaptive capacity of regions to high extent. Keywords: Resilient Regions, Sustainable Development, Spatial Development, Sustainable Development Goals, Adaptive Capacity

Understanding of resilience in the context of regional development using composite index approach: the case of European Union NUTS-2 regions

ABSTRACTEconomies have always been prone to different kinds of exogenous shocks, which can destabilize the path and pattern of regional economic growth. Regional economy perturbed by a shock may move onto a new growth path by re-establishing economic linkages, both internally and with other regions. The question why one region is more vulnerable to economic shock than other, impelled to analyze notion of resilience in a regional development context. Despite own limitations of quantitative methods, several approaches in the form of composite indices (CIs) have been proposed by the European Union (EU) and the other institutions. The aim of this paper is to throw light on some of the underlying aspects of regional resilience and provide an overview of a notion as well as analysis of research studies on constructing the territorial CIs. The main results of the paper are overview and comparison of regional resilience literature and empirics of existing CIs that lead to measuring the EU NUTS-2 regions resilience based on constructing own index. CIs construction includes several steps that have to be made and corresponding methods have to be chosen. Primarily, selection of sub-indicators, normalizing methods, weighting schemes and aggregation formulas are fundamental.

Growth and Inclusion Trajectories of Colombian Functional Territories

We describe the patterns of economic growth and social progress in Colombian Unlike political/administrative divisions that emerge at least partly for historical reasons unrelated to economic interactions, functional territories reflect the patterns of spatial agglomeration and economic interactions in a territory. Using a novel definition of functional territories, our analysis reveals significant fragmentation of economic interactions: close to 66% of municipalities (holding about 20% of the country's population) have no significant links to neighboring areas. A set of comparatively more (but still only partially) integrated and more populous municipalities have stronger links between them. This rural-urban space holds just around 31% of total population. The rest of Colombians are in urban or Metropolitan highly-populated and more integrated clusters. We describe these territories along two dimensions: economic growth or \dynamism and progress in social indicators or To do so we propose a simple conceptual framework that organizes the diverse inputs that might help boost these outcomes. Larger and more urbanized agglomerations exhibit visible advantages in these inputs. Moreover, long-run institutional determinants best help differentiate territories. Consistent with this, larger and more urbanized agglomerations have better outcomes, especially when measuring economic activity. Also, more dynamic places tend to be the more inclusive ones, even though recent improvements in dynamism do not correlate with improvements in inclusion.