Economic Enterprise Research Articles

Solidarity economic enterprise formed by waste pickers: a case study of the Águas Lindas waste pickers association, Belém, Pará

Solidarity Economic Enterprises (EES), such as cooperatives and associations of recyclable material collectors, insert members (workers) informally into the job market, promoting income generation and a better quality of life. The way EES are organized is self-managed, democratic, and supportive, despite having specificities from one enterprise to another due to economic variables, public support, qualifications, and the life history of the members themselves. Given the above, the research aims to carry out an analysis of the organization process in the Associação de Recicladores das Águas Linda (ARAL), established in Belém, Pará, through the principles of Solidarity Economy, identifying whether it is configured as an Enterprise Solidarity Economic. To carry out the investigation, it was necessary to use a qualitative methodology of the descriptive, explanatory type, as this is a specific case study that aims to provide information about the association above. The results demonstrate that collectors collaborating through an EES have better working conditions and better-organized security to develop their activities. They carry out work in a self-managed manner where all enterprise associates perform crucial functions for its completion. They adopt this form of informal work out of necessity and still face many difficulties due to the restriction of the market for the sale of recyclable materials and the difficulties imposed on migrating from an association model to a cooperative model.

Adaptive change: Emerging economy enterprises respond to the international business environment challenge

The technological and market containment of emerging economy enterprises (EEEs) from developed countries is becoming a great challenge for EEE development. In this context, how do EEEs respond to international business challenges and achieve continuous organizational innovation? This study proposes a process model of EEEs’ organizational adaptive change to achieve innovation using the case of Hikvision, a leading Chinese artificial intelligence (AI) enterprise. The results show that the adaptive change in EEEs is a dynamic process. The negative impact of international business environment challenges on enterprise development is the starting point for enterprises to adopt change behaviors. Through adaptive change in innovation strategy, innovation architecture and innovation systems, EEEs can break through technology blockades, overcome market crises and further weaken the negative impact of such challenges. This study constructs an adaptive change process model for EEEs and proposes strategic initiatives for EEEs with the help of a national innovation system (NIS), which has policy implications for EEE strategies and industrial policy design in emerging economies.

How does the social economy contribute to social and environmental innovation? Evidence of direct and indirect effects from a European survey

This study represents the first empirical attempt to conduct a cross-country comparison of social economy (SE) enterprises with other enterprises in the development of social and environmental innovation. Using data from a European survey with >16,000 respondents, we estimate a bivariate probit model with correlated random effects to identify the direct and indirect effects of the SE on social and environmental innovation. We demonstrate that the primary impact of SE enterprises on environmental innovation is through their influence on other enterprises. We also identify the specific levers of innovation in SE and non-SE enterprises. Our empirical findings are consistent with previous research on the SE as a laboratory of innovation and a yardstick for transformative change. Our original findings regarding contextual effects highlights a strong implication advocating public policies to promote SE for its assumed benefits as well as the tendency of SE to foster innovation within non-SE enterprises.

Energy transition and housing market bubbles: Evidence from prefecture cities in China

Governments are committing to realizing the energy transition to create a sustainable and resilient energy future, while less is known about the real effects of the energy transition on various sectors of the economy, particularly the tertiary industry. This paper thus investigates the relationship between the energy transition and housing market bubbles at the level of prefecture cities in China. We find that an increase in one standard deviation of the energy transition decreases approximately 39% of the average housing bubbles index. Furthermore, the digital economy and land transfer income of real estate enterprises could be underlying economic channels to significantly explain the impacts of the energy transition on housing market bubbles. Finally, we identify that green finance including green loans and green bonds enhances this negative effect on housing market bubbles. Our main result remains valid in a battery of robustness tests. This study provides important practical implications for policy makers, enterprises, and investors.

Emerging ICT clusters in the Western Balkans: A convergence model based on financial statement analysis

The Western Balkans is experiencing an ongoing inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI) in the information and communications technology (ICT) industry as several European enterprises have already established their presence in the region. These inflows have generated large-scale ICT investments in the region, creating new knowledge-based clusters and technology spillovers in regional economies. On the basis of financial statement indicators collected for 327 European and regional ICT enterprises and on panel data estimation, this paper tries to estimate technology transfer in the Western Balkan region. Specifically, the proposed model examines cluster spillover effects in improving the absorptive capacity of the Western Balkan region in creating a pool of specialized local suppliers and a talented regional labor force. Model estimation results indicate that limited spillover effects have occurred from the newly created clusters of European ICT enterprises in the regional economy of the Western Balkan region. Spillovers related to improved technical capabilities, increased labor productivity, higher resource efficiency, and flexible operational structures require further stimulation to speed up convergence and integration of the local ICT industry in the corresponding European value chain. Finally, this paper concludes that competitive advantages such as a cheap labor force are no longer feasible for sustainable development. To narrow down the existing know-how gap, particular efforts are required regarding policies focused on educating human capital and transforming regional enterprises to successfully compete in the European market.

The cooperative ESG disclosure index: an empirical approach

AbstractGrowing concern about Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance is pushing businesses, including social economy enterprises such as cooperatives, to seek solutions for Sustainable Development (SD) challenges. This study explores the current landscape of ESG reporting by Spanish cooperatives, adding to the limited knowledge about their sustainability disclosure practices. We propose a specific framework for these entities based on non-financial indicators as a preliminary step to develop an index for ESG reporting, the Cooperative ESG Reporting Index (COOPESG). In terms of methodology, the first step is to create an ad hoc database of primary data sourced through the analysis of cooperative websites. Then, by reviewing the indicators reported by these companies, these primary data are then used to develop an index. Our findings show that only half of the sampled cooperatives have a specific section on their website for ESG reporting. Regarding formats, Codes of Ethics were the most frequent type of report used, followed by the publication of information on SDGs. In terms of content disclosed, the social and governance blocks stand out, while the least information is disclosed on the economic and environmental blocks. Furthermore, there is evidence of a size and sector effect on the disclosed content. All this provides valuable insights for scholars and practitioners alike. Thus, the main practical contribution of this paper for cooperative managers is that it supports the effective disclosure of ESG in line with prevailing good practice, addressing emerging social regulation in the context of the European Union. Also, for academia this study offers a practical breakthrough in the analysis of this subject, helping to fill the gap on cooperatives found in the ESG reporting literature and setting a new research agenda.

Social Enterprises in Postcolonial Economies: Articulating Neoliberalism in Practice for a Public Economic Geography

Social enterprises are primarily seen as entities that further neoliberal hegemony based on dominant Western idioms of the economy and development. Consequentially, the layers of meanings emerging from the varied publics and rationalities that entrepreneurial approaches must reckon with and negotiate within postcolonial economies are obscured in theorizing the field. In responding to the call for a public-centered economic geography, in this article, I argue that the realities of social enterprise practice in postcolonial economies show relationalities between neoliberal and non-neoliberal rationalities. Spotlighting vignettes from my research on mediating social enterprises in India and South Africa, the article aims to initiate discussions on how neoliberalism can be serviced for diverse, reformist, and possibly progressive ends. When understood through concrete tensions and contradictions of practice, the varied ends of neoliberal rationalities challenge established conceptualizations of social enterprises, development, and, subsequently, the economy. Specifically, it enables us to reinscribe the economy as a relational, embedded, and context-dependent category with individualized and collective experiences, opening the possibilities to engage with public experiences of development interventions such as social enterprises instead of relying on dominant universalized conceptualizations.

Community empowerment strategies and disaster mitigation in Padusan Village, Mojokerto, East Java: A case study of the integrated agroforestry approach by the ‘Pesona Alam Lestari’ Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH)

This research aims to understand how the ‘Pesona Alam Lestari’ Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) in Padusan Village, Mojokerto, East Java, implements community empowerment strategies and disaster mitigation in their operations. LMDH ‘Pesona Alam Lestari’ manages an area of 319.2 hectares (222 hectares in protected forest, 97.2 hectares in production forest) and operates various economic enterprises under the umbrella of agroforestry. These include hot spring tourism, livestock farming, outbound & rafting activities, camping grounds, and waterfall tours. In terms of environmental management, they collaborate with the provincial government in reforestation of critical land. The research methodology involves collecting and analyzing secondary data, interviews with LMDH ‘Pesona Alam Lestari’ members and local community members, and Geographical Information System (GIS) analysis to understand the spatial patterns of disaster risk. Methods such as observation, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews were utilized for qualitative data. The challenges faced in this management include low involvement from the youth and limitations in managerial management. This research will provide important insights into how local communities can be empowered and how they can reduce their risk and enhance their resilience to natural disasters through the integrated agroforestry approach of LMDH ‘Pesona Alam Lestari’.

GRAIN AND GRAIN STRUCTURE

High-quality grain cultivation, complete organization of conditions for its collection and storage, break-even liquidation of grain harvest create prerequisites for the growth of the economy of processing enterprises.

Enterprise Accounting Statement Production and Financial Calculation for Intelligent Platforms

The increasingly complex structure of enterprise economy highlights the drawbacks of traditional accounting, and this paper builds an intelligent platform to meet these challenges. Based on the overall objective, the design constructs the functional framework of full-scene reporting, budget control, intelligent filling and automatic accounting. In terms of technology application, OCR is applied to intelligent accounting, and bills are automatically filled through image processing and character recognition. Meanwhile, the enterprise financial process is reshaped based on process reengineering, and intelligent financial calculation methods are proposed. The study shows that the financial accounting intelligent platform significantly improves the total asset turnover rate of the enterprise, and the positive correlation between the two reaches 0.257. After the introduction of the intelligent platform technology in the accounting work, its technological advantages have brought a positive impact on the accounting work of the enterprise, and has brought substantial benefit improvement for the enterprise.

SOSIALISASI PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN LABA RUGI SEDERHANA BAGI KELOMPOK USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH PADA UMKM GADING BERSINAR

The profit and loss report is part of a company's financial report produced in an accounting period which describes the elements of the company's income and expenses to produce a net profit (or loss). MSMEs are independent productive economic enterprises, usually carried out by individuals or business entities that are not subsidiaries or branches of companies owned, controlled or part of directly or indirectly. Business actors in the Gading Shining UMKM are part of the UMKM. The problem faced by MSME actors is related to the inability of MSME actors to prepare profit and loss reports for their businesses. MSME players claim that they do not have knowledge regarding making profit and loss reports. This Community Service activity aims to prepare a simple profit and loss report for Gading Bersinar MSME players so that it can be used to manage and build MSMEs and collaborate with bankers, investors and other business partners. The method developed in this activity involves socializing the preparation of simple profit and loss reports for Gading Bersinar MSMEs. So with this activity regarding the socialization of simple profit and loss reports, it is intended to provide understanding in making simple profit and loss reports for ivory shining MSME players so that they can be directly applied in their businesses.

Analysis of key indicators of human capital development in Kazakhstan

Relevance. The relevance of studying the phenomenon of human capital and analysing the factors of its growth has increased significantly in recent years, when the development of digital technologies has significantly accelerated the processes of interaction between people, and when assessing the labour potential of an employee, its intellectual component has come to the fore. A particularly strong impetus to the development of digital communication was given by the COVID-19 pandemic, which, with its forced isolation, prompted the personnel of companies around the world to search for effective tools for remote control and monitoring. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to identify key indicators of human capital development in Kazakhstan in general and in the four regions of the Western region of Kazakhstan in particular. Methodology. In the course of the study, the method of statistical analysis, the method of indicative analysis, as well as the method of forecasting were used. Results. As key indicators of the development of human capital, such social and economic indicators as the percentage of citizens who have received higher education, the average level of wages, the number of practising doctors, and the activity of the cultural sphere, as well as the parameters of the innovative development of society � the costs of science and the level of digital literacy were taken. Conclusions. The data were compared in dynamics with the indicators of several previous years, and based on the obtained values, short-term forecasts were formed. The practical significance of the study lies in the formation of predictable trends in the development of human capital, the identification of the most significant factors of its growth and the development of recommendations designed to improve the efficiency of national economy enterprises, both throughout Kazakhstan and its four western regions � Atyrau, Mangistau, Aktobe and West Kazakhstan. Keywords: qualification; health; education; wage; employment; working capacity

Ulcerative tumour-like disease of white fir in the Pokuttia Carpathians

The current state of dark coniferous forests on Earth is a bio-indicator of global environmental change, in particular, the process of gradual degradation of tree species of the genera Pine, Spruce and Fir, due to the negative impact of anthropogenic activities, abiotic and biotic factors. The purpose of the study is to establish the symptoms, prevalence and harmfulness of the causative agent of ulcerative tumour-like disease on the shoots and trunks of white fir. The research was conducted on the territory of the forest fund of the Pokuttia Carpathians, in particular, within the branch Kutske forestry of the State Specialised Economic Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine” in the Kosivske forest enterprise. The study uses classical phytopathological and mycological methods, which are used to investigate the aetiology of the disease, analyse typical symptoms (starting from the early stages), and perform microscopy of the affected parts of fir. The symptoms, aetiology, and pathogenesis of white fir ulcer-like disease, which tends to spread, were investigated. A new name for the disease is substantiated, in particular, it is proposed to use the name “ulcerative tumour-like disease” of fir instead of the current name “cancer”. It is shown that a typical sign of infection is the development of tumours, which eventually transform into ulcers. It was found that the tumour-like type of lesion prevails on the undergrowth of fir, and on plants of the upper tiers – ulcerative. It is noted that a typical sign of ulcerative tumour-like disease of white fir is also the presence of pathologies such as “witches’ broom”. It is proposed to remove affected trees with typical signs of infection with ulcerative tumour-like disease to reduce the infectious background, especially during lighting and cleaning, since affected trees are not released from infection. Therefore, assessing the risk of infection of white fir trees with ulcerative tumour-like disease at the level of specific stands and ensuring an appropriate response to potential infection risks is an important part of sustainable forest management

Research on Transformation of the Branding Strategies of the International E-Commerce Enterprises in the Digital Economy

This article focuses on the branding transformation of cross-border e-commerce enterprises in the context of the digital economy and analyzes in depth the difficulties faced by cross-border e-commerce enterprises in branding transformation, including insufficient brand awareness, incomplete credit system, lack of competitiveness of products, and lagging cross-border logistics supporting facilities. On this basis, practical and feasible measures were proposed, including building a global brand promotion system, building a cross-border e-commerce credit public service platform, strengthening product research and innovation, and optimizing the cross-border logistics system.

Current state and problems of reliability of power supply systems of electrical complexes of industrial enterprises

In accordance with the Energy Strategy of Russia until 2035 and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "Improving the reliability and quality of power supply to consumers of electric energy through the introduction of new technologies and optimization of the activities of territorial grid organizations", the issues of improving the reliability of power supply of electrical complexes of industrial enterprises in a market economy are of particular importance.This article presents the results of a survey of managers and specialists of the services of the chief power engineer of industrial enterprises, representatives of design institutes, equipment manufacturers, university researchers on the existing problems of reliability of power supply systems of industrial enterprises. The expediency of substantiating the identification of the current situation by the main reliability indicators and their relationship in the existing economic conditions for calculating the reliability of power supply systems is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the responses of respondents of energy services is presented, their interpretation is given.The main problems in the following blocks are identified: the quality of the enterprise's energy supply and its reliability; the reliability of energy distribution within the enterprise and control of the influence of installed electrical equipment on the quality of the electrical network; knowledge regarding reliability and interest in carrying out such calculations. Recommendations are given on the identified problems, including the analysis of individual indicators of reliability of power supply to industrial enterprises.

How does managerial ability affect R&D efficiency of emerging-economy high-tech enterprises

ABSTRACT Numerous publications have discussed the nexus between managerial ability (MA) and innovation capability; however, regarding the hi-tech enterprises in transition economies, the nexus between MA and R&D efficiency will be discussed in depth. Considering the data from high-tech listed companies A-shares in Mainland China in 2012–2017, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) window, Tobit panel model, and panel threshold model is utilised to analyse the direct, moderating effects and threshold effect of MA on R&D efficiency of China’s high-tech enterprises. The findings illustrated that MA could significantly facilitate R&D efficiency, and this enhancement effect is interestingly more evident in state-owned enterprises. Enterprise ownership exerts a significant positive moderation effect between MA and R&D efficiency of China’s hi-tech enterprises. Both equity incentive and salary incentive exerts a significant negative moderation effect between MA and R&D efficiency of China’s hi-tech enterprises. In addition, the panel threshold model proved a nonlinear nexus between MA and its R&D efficiency. Based on the abovementioned findings, corresponding countermeasures are proposed.

Assessing the impact of digital transformation on capital market information efficiency under environmental uncertainty: Evidence from China.

Digital transformation is an emerging development opportunity for enterprises in the digital economy and comprehensively reflects the application of digital technology to production, operation, and management strategies. This study used data on A-share listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2022 to examine the relationship between the digital transformation of enterprises and information efficiency of the capital market. Findings revealed that digital transformation can improve the information efficiency of the capital market and that environmental uncertainty plays a more significant regulatory role. The greater the environmental uncertainty, the more enterprises with a high degree of digital transformation can promote the information efficiency of the capital market. Additional analysis showed that the promotional effect of digital transformation on the information efficiency of the capital market is better for non-state-owned enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. This study provides detailed insights into digital transformation and capital market information efficiency, which enriches the research related to the economic consequences of digital transformation and demonstrates the theoretical and practical value of corporate digital transformation.

Algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity: A work stress perspective

I examined the relationship between algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity by investigating the underlying mechanism. Drawing on the challenge???hindrance stress model, I explored the mediating role of challenge stress and hindrance stress in this relationship. Then, by using data collected from an online food delivery platform in China, I demonstrated that hindrance stress positively mediated the relationship between algorithmic control and facades of conformity, but the mediating effect of challenge stress was not significant. This study contributes to the emerging research field of algorithmic control by not only empirically examining its effect on gig workers’ psychological and behavioral outcomes, but also exploring the underlying mechanisms between algorithmic control and gig workers’ facades of conformity. It offers a reference point and guidance for managers of gig economy enterprises.

THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRACTICE OF ADAPTATION OF YOUNG PROFESSIONALS

Adaptation technologies for young professionals used in the practice of institutions (enterprises) are included in the digitalization processes of personnel management, since staff resources need to be constantly improved based on innovative technologies. Adaptation is considered within the value based and professional approach as a personnel technology that ensures the improvement of the human capital of the enterprise. The article deals with the potential of digital technologies in the practice of adaptation of young professionals in the conditions of "labor shortage". The article addresses for the application of an institutional approach that allows estimation the effectiveness of the adaptation technology for young professionals used by educational institutions in Omsk (Russia). The structural-functional method determined the possibility of disclosing the adaptation content as an independent personnel technology included in the digitalization processes. The results of the study involve the identify the potential for digital adaptation of young professionals in educational institutions. The scientific value of the findings is in the classification of existing technologies for the adaptation of young professionals and the assessment of their potential in the context of the implemented personnel policy of an educational institution. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the potential of technologies for adapting employees used at enterprises in the real economy in educational institutions, which are traditionally limited in the choice of personnel policy by the executive body (founder).

Government Policy Communication in Poverty Alleviation in the City of Makassar

One of the economic development policies in a country is based on the accelerated pace of poverty alleviation in society, which is increasingly becoming a problem for the government The poverty rate in Makassar City is relatively high, so it is very important for the government to optimize policy communication by the government in poverty alleviation. The purpose of this study was to determine the process of communication on government policies in poverty alleviation in Makassar City. This research uses a qualitative method and a phenomenological approach. The study focuses on policy communication on the aspects of transmission, clarity, and transparency of information using data analysis techniques of qualitative interactive models. The results of this study indicate that the communication of Makassar city government policies in reducing community poverty is considered less effective; this is indicated by one of the poverty reduction policies through the Productive Economic Enterprises (UEP) assistance program and the Joint Business Group assistance program (KUBE) whose distribution is not well targeted to the community due to the lack of information provided by the Makassar city government to the sub-district government to assign the sub-district party the task of identifying and collecting data on poor citizens. Apart from that, the Makassar city government also, according to the program policy, did not provide clear and transparent information on the amount of the budget allocated to each community group and the budget allocation for the development needs of the program, because of the UEP and KUBE policies. The findings of this study also assessed that the communication process for poverty alleviation policies did not work according to community expectations because of the sectoral ego of the city government which was politicized by seeking benefits to be obtained by several parties who were not responsible for the implementation of the UEP and KUBE programs.
 Keywords: policy communications, government, poverty