Economic Development Zone Research Articles

Sonvilier Pen Company: An Outsourcing Decision

The COO for Sonvilier Pen, an elite manufacturer of high-quality ballpoint and fountain pens, had gotten a proposal to outsource two pen components to Li Manufacturing, a specialist in the molding and production of intricate metals, located in southeastern China. The proposal was intriguing, but there were a number of factors for the COO to consider before making a decision. Excerpt UVA-C-2406 Rev. Nov. 27, 2018 Sonvilier Pen Company: An Outsourcing Decision Sonvilier Pen Company (Sonvilier Pen) was a manufacturer of high-quality writing pens. The company could trace its origins to the early 1900s, when founder Cedric Mettler and his father began producing various writing implements in their small shop in Sonvilier, Switzerland. The Mettler son later immigrated to the United States and soon thereafter opened his own fountain pen company, taking the name of his hometown in respect for the place where he had honed his craft. By the turn of the next century, Sonvilier Pen had become an elite manufacturer of high-quality ballpoint and fountain pens, producing over three million units annually. Its headquarters and manufacturing facilities were located in northern New England. Peter Harwood was the COO for Sonvilier Pen. On his desk was a proposal to outsource two pen components to Li Manufacturing, a specialist in the molding and production of intricate metals, located in southeastern China. Harwood had not initially courted this opportunity. An intermediary US organization had proposed the partnership to Harwood six months earlier. The intermediary was a go-between agent engaged in matching manufacturing partners, billing itself as a full-service custom-manufacturing facilitator. It specialized in first finding appropriate China-based manufacturers for US-based organizations and then providing a full suite of services related to production: engineering, packaging, customs clearing, and quality control, among others. The proposal was intriguing, and left Harwood with a number of factors to consider before he made a decision regarding the offer. Li Manufacturing's location alone brought with it a unique set of challenges Sonvilier Pen would have to face if it were to outsource production. Li Manufacturing's operations were located in one of China's many economic development zones. Moreover, the company had a stellar reputation for quality workmanship and execution and had partnerships with numerous other US manufacturers. All those companies gave Li Manufacturing stellar recommendations. . . .

Application of Support Vector Machine in Bus Travel Time Prediction

The travel time between bus stops has obvious characteristics of time interval distribution, and the bus is a typical space-time process object, and its operation has a state transition. In order to predict the travel time between bus stations accurately, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is proposed based on the measured travel time between bus stations. Through a large number of GPS data in different periods of time for a reasonable classification summary bin selected the appropriate kernel function to verify. The algorithm is verified by the actual operation data of No. 6 bus in Qingdao Economic and technological Development Zone. The results show that the results of support vector machine model operation are basically in agreement with the actual measured data, and the accuracy is relatively high, and it can even be used to predict bus travel time.

Prevalence and Related Factors for Myopia in School-Aged Children in Qingdao.

Purpose To investigate the prevalence and related factors for myopia in school-aged children in the Economic and Technological Development Zone of Qingdao, Eastern China. Methods A total of 4890 (aged 10 to 15 years) students were initially enrolled in this study. 3753 (76.75%) students with completed refractive error and questionnaire data were analyzed. The children underwent a comprehensive eye examination. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to assess possible factors associated with myopia. Results The prevalence of myopia increased as the children's grade increased (χ2 = 560.584, P < 0.001). Low myopia was the main form of myopia in adolescent students (30.22%). With the growth of age, students spent significantly more time on near work (P = 0.03) and less time on outdoor activity (P < 0.001). In multivariate models, only the following variables were significantly associated with myopia: age, two myopic parents, outdoor activity time, and continuous near work without 5 min rest. Conclusions The prevalence of myopia increased as the grade increased. Age, two myopic parents, and continuous near work time without 5 min rest were risk factors for myopia. Outdoor activities had protective effect for myopia.

Методология мониторинга и оценки инновационного потенциала Азербайджана

The article examines the existing systems for assessing the activities of organizations, a conceptual approach to the formation of a monitoring system for innovation, a methodology for assessing the scientic and technological complexes of economic zones of Azerbaijan.Issues of assessing the innovative development of economic zones are examined on the basis of statistical data, the impact of socio-economic conditions in economic zones on innovation potential.The monitoring system for evaluating the activities of organizations, mechanisms for improving the management of the innovative potential of subjects, and the structural scheme of the management system for innovation potential have been studied

京津冀协同碳减排机制分析

随着全球气候问题的加剧，近年来碳减排问题越来越引起世界关注。京津冀作为我国经济发展的重要一极，近些年伴随经济的快速发展，也带来环境污染问题。研究解决京津冀碳排放问题时，必须统筹考虑碳排放的区域空间变化特征及动态影响因素，通过体制、机制创新，协同减排。本文就京津冀地区的碳减排现状分析基础上，对于京津冀碳减排机制从顶层设计、动力机制、联动机制及碳交易机制等方面进行了阐述。 With the intensification of global climate change, carbon reduction problem has attracted world-wide attention. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as an important economic development zones in our country, along with the rapid economic development in recent years, has caused environmental pollution problems. When solving the problem of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei carbon emissions, we must consider the spatial variation and dynamic influence factors as a whole, through system and mechanism innovation, synergy to reduce emissions. In this paper, based on the status quo analysis on the carbon emissions of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, carbon emission reduction mechanism are expounded from the dynamic mechanism, the linkage mechanism and carbon trading mechanism and so on.

김정은 시대의 대외개방정책과 남북경제협력 : 경제개발구 전략을 활용한 새로운 협력모델의 모색

김정은 시대의 대외개방정책과 남북경제협력 : 경제개발구 전략을 활용한 새로운 협력모델의 모색

Does major agriculture production zone have higher carbon efficiency and abatement cost under climate change mitigation?

Abstract In this paper we investigate the carbon efficiency and abatement cost for different main functional regions in China, to test whether major agriculture production zone has higher carbon efficiency and abatement cost than other functional regions. For this purpose, we use a global non-radial distance function to examine the efficiency and abatement cost of carbon emissions and take China’s Poyang Lake Ecological Economics Zone (PLEEZ), one of China’s national strategy for sustainable development, as an empirical study. By using the non-radial efficiency model, the carbon emissions efficiency indicator can be constructed. By employing the dual model of the non-radial directional distance function, the shadow prices of carbon emissions, which is interpreted as marginal abatement cost can be derived. County level data from 2009 to 2013 of the PLEEZ is used as the empirical investigation. Empirical results show that the CO2 emissions of the PLEEZ are not performing efficiently and the CO2 emissions efficiency remains at a very low level with an average value of 0.279. Meanwhile, the shadow prices of CO2 emissions are calculated, with a mean value of 11.867 yuan per ton, which is relatively low compared with other previous studies of different regions or industry and indicate that carbon emissions are not strictly regulated. Moreover, significant heterogeneities in the carbon efficiency and abatement cost are found among three major functional zones in the PLEEZ remain. Major agriculture production zone shows better carbon efficiency than key ecological function zone, but lower than key economic development zone. It is also found carbon abatement cost of major agriculture production zone is lower than key economic development zone indicating the less pressure under climate change mitigation.

Analysis and Comparison on the Flood Simulation in Typical Hilly & Semi-mountainous Region

Water-logging and flood are both serious in hilly and semi-mountainous cities of China, but the related research is rare. Lincheng Economic Development Zone (EDZ) in Hebei Province as the typical city was selected and storm water management model (SWMM) was applied for flood simulation in this study. The regional model was constructed through calibrating and verifying the runoff coefficient of different flood processes. Different designed runoff processes in five-year, ten-year and twenty-year return periods in basic scenario and in the low impact development (LID) scenario, respectively, were simulated and compared. The result shows that: LID measures have effect on peak reduction in the study area, but the effectiveness is not significant; the effectiveness of lagging peak time is poor. These simulation results provide decision support for the rational construction of LID in the study area, and provide the references for regional rain flood management.

Economic Growth or Sowing the Seeds of Destruction? The Role of Economic Development Zones in China

Special economic zone (SEZ) programs in China have played a major role in the Chinese political economy. To examine SEZs, I address three questions. Are zones effective? What are the origins of SEZs? How do zones evolve? I argue that the origin of zones is under-theorized. Examining zone enactment is necessary for studying land-use patterns and urbanization. We must also pay closer attention to the level of analysis and evolution of zones over time. Clarifying the level of analysis will improve our understanding of the distribution of preferential policies across China. Understanding zone evolution will help scholars and practitioners assess when and how SEZs are an effective economic policy tool.

Evaluation of Intensive Land Use in Shuikoushan Economic Development Zone, Hunan Province, China

Taking Shuikoushan Economic Development Zone as the research objective, the degree of intensive land use was evaluated, by means of multi-factor assessment method. The results showed that the degree of intensive land use of Shuikoushan Economic Development Zone reached 84.89%. The land use status was good and the management performance of land use was superior while the land use efficiency was inferior on the contrary. Then, suggestions and measures for the future land intensive use were provided.

북한의 경제특구 복지법제 비교분석- 라선경제무역지대 외국투자기업로동규정과 경제개발구 로동규정을 중심으로 -

북한의 경제특구 복지법제 비교분석- 라선경제무역지대 외국투자기업로동규정과 경제개발구 로동규정을 중심으로 -

A CASE STUDY: EXPLORING INDUSTRIAL AGGLOMERATION OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN SHANGHAI USING DURANTON AND OVERMAN’S K-DENSITY FUNCTION

Abstract. There has wide academic and policy attention on the issue of scale economy and industrial agglomeration, with most of the attention paid to industrial geography concentration. This paper adopted a scale-independent and distance-based measurement method, K-density function or known as Duranton and Overman (DO) index, to study the manufacturing industries localization in Shanghai, which is the most representative economic development zone in China and East Asia. The result indicates the industry has a growing tendency of localization, and various spatial distribution patterns in different distances. Furthermore, the class of industry also show significant influence on the concentration pattern. Besides, the method has been coded and published on GeoCommerce, a visualization and analysis portal for industrial big data, to provide geoprocessing and spatial decision support.

Exploration and practice of distributed energy network system

China′s energy infrastructure is predominantly fossil fuel based such as coal and petroleum, resulting in the deterioration of surrounding environments. The application of renewable resources, natural gas suppliers and distributed energy systems are a critical component in alleviating the present detrimental situation; by analyzing successful distributed power and micro grid systems internationally and applying it to domestic networks, these systems can be customized and calibrated to maximize efficiency. Furthermore, the demographics of distributed energy users is expanding from exclusive industrial consumers to commercial and residential customers, increasing demand for modular units, attracting the attention of the Chinese central government′s environmental policymakers. Within China, the implementation of distributed energy networks has been limited to industrial parks, economic and technological development zones. In this article, the characteristics of distributed energy networks is defined utilizing case studies involving the Sino German Eco-Park and Langfang City, introducing the mainstream energy networks including infrastructures, system hierarchy, its implementation methods and overall effects. In the Sino German Eco-Park, a distributed energy network is combined with a centralized system composed of one regional and six energy substations, providing electricity for blocks one through eight whose energy scheduling mode being divided into two inter-network and intra-network scheduling. Using the energy operations center, electrical transmission across the blocks is achieved via energy allocation between micro grids combined with the installation of natural gas, renewables and smart power grids; this enables the Sino German Eco-Park technical index to accomplish higher power distribution levels of efficiency. In Langfang City, the first city-level reconstruction and distributed energy project in China, the micro grid at New Chaoyang block is described in detail. Finally, the future of distributed energy network system is the energy internet as summarized an ecological, diversified and multilateral commodity whose logistics are intelligent and standardized.

A study on the spatial characteristics and correlation of migrant workers' urban integration and well-being: A case study of Xi’an (China)

This paper used SPSS and ARCGIS to measure the urban integration degree and well-being index, spatial features, and their correlation. This results show: (1) The space differentiation of migrant workers’ urban integration degree in Xi’an distinct: The northern great site protection zone area is low, eastern military area is peak and the western electronic district and southwest high-tech zone are second peak areas. (2) Migrant workers’ well-being index has differentiation spatial distribution: eastern military area is significantly higher than other regions, northern economic zone shows low-lying shape, southern cultural and educational area is higher than northern economic development zone, and central business district is higher than the surrounding. (3) As the result of correlation analysis in SPSS 19.0, it is shown that there is certain positive correlation between urban integration degree and well-being index of migrant workers in main urban districts of Xi’an. Economic integration and social integration have positive prediction to well-being.

The enduring impact of historical and structural racism on urban violence in Philadelphia

Public health approaches to crime and injury prevention are increasingly focused on the physical places and environments where violence is concentrated. In this study, our aim is to explore the association between historic place-based racial discrimination captured in the 1937 Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) map of Philadelphia and present-day violent crime and firearm injuries. The creators of the 1937 HOLC map zoned Philadelphia based in a hierarchical system wherein first-grade and green color zones were used to indicate areas desirable for government-backed mortgage lending and economic development, a second-grade or blue zone for areas that were already developed and stable, a third-grade or yellow zone for areas with evidence of decline and influx of a “low grade population,” and fourth-grade or red zone for areas with dilapidated or informal housing and an “undesirable population” of predominately Black residents. We conducted an empirical spatial analysis of the concentration of firearm assaults and violent crimes in 2013 through 2014 relative to zoning in the 1937 HOLC map. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors at the time the map was created from the 1940 Census, firearm injury rates are highest in historically red-zoned areas of Philadelphia. The relationship between HOLC map zones and general violent crime is not supported after adjusting for historical Census data. This analysis extends historic perspective to the relationship between emplaced structural racism and violence, and situates the socio-ecological context in which people live at the forefront of this association.

(Study on Rural Housing Removal in Wuhu Economic &amp; Technological Development Area)

Chinese Abstract:芜湖市的房屋征收补偿方案具有一定的创新性，对目前法律法规尚不健全的全国房屋征收补偿市场，尤其集体土地房屋征收补偿市场，既是一种有益的偿试，又具有一定法律规法规上空白区的补充性，对化解各种房屋征收补偿矛盾，公平、公正、公开征收，节约土地资源，构建和谐社会，稳定社会有着非常积极的意义。本文着重对芜湖市集体土地上的房屋征收补偿方案进行研究，不涉及国有土地上的房屋征收补偿方案和集体土地的征收补偿方案的研究。 土地是宝贵的自然资源和重要的生产资料，“是一切生产和一切存在的源泉”。城市化过程必然需要利用大量的土地，其中必须征用大量的集体土地。然而，中国是一个土地资源较为短缺的国家，人多地少、人均耕地占有率低、耕地资源不足是我国的一个基本国情。要征用城市郊区集体土地，用于经济开发，就要征收大量集体土地上的农民住房，同时要拿出一大批土地建安置房，用于安置被征收的老百姓。为了既确保我国18亿亩耕地红线不突破，保证国家耕地不减少，又要确保人人达小康水平的住房。为了解决这种矛盾，本文主要通过实证，对芜湖经济技术开发区，集体土地上征收补偿问题进行分析和研究，在征收补偿补偿安置中，产权置换实行人均35平方米住房的最高标准的限制，多余的地上附属物—房屋一律实行货币补偿，同时，通过使用地形图和卫星照片，对土地上征收的房屋进行鉴定，对违法建设依法不予补偿，有效控制了一些人借机兴建违法建设，实现了社会的公平、正义，同时，解决了人多地少，住房不足的矛盾。为解决我国集体土地上的征收补偿及房地产市场发展，探索解决问题的具体而可行的策略，以咨对类似征收项目提供有益的思路和建议。本文共分五章：第一章为绪论；第二章为集体土地征收补偿法律依据及相关政策对比；第三章为芜湖经济技术开发区集体土地房屋征收补偿存在的问题及对策研究；第四章为芜湖经济技术开发区集体土地上房屋征收补偿实例；第五章为结论与展望。 该论文为本人硕士研究生答辨论文，己获硕士学位，老师评语为本论文有一定的实用价值，至今，论文中观点与当前中国房地产政策有许多契合点，还有指导意义。 English Abstract: Wuhu city's housing levy compensation scheme has a certain innovation, the current national laws and regulations are not perfect collection of compensation for market housing, in particular, compensation for expropriation of collective land and housing market, is a useful suites here, but also has certain laws and rules and regulations on blank area of the supplementary, the collection of compensation to resolve the contradictions of housing, fair, just and open demolition, conservation of land resources, building a harmonious society, a society has a very positive meaning. This paper focuses on the collective land of Wuhu City, the housing program to study the collection of compensation, does not involve state-owned land for housing programs and compensation for expropriation of collective land acquisition compensation program of research. Land is precious natural resources and important means of production, “Of all production and the source of all existence”. Urbanization process necessarily requires a large amount of land，Which must be a lot of collective land expropriation. However, china is a national relatively shortage of land resources, densely populated, low per capita share of cultivated land, lack of arable land resources is a basic national conditions of China. If we want to be acquisition suburban rural collective land, for economic development, we must be demolition of a large number of collective farmers housing on the land, at the same time we must use a large number of land for resettlement houses for the people which housing was be demolition. In order to ensure both the red line of 180 million mu of arable land does not break, ensure the country does not reduce arable land, and ensure that everyone of a well-off level of housing. To resolve this contradiction. In this paper it get across the empirical, the paper is about land expropriation and housing removal in Wuhu Economic and Technological Development Zone, through analysis and research land acquisition problem of rural collective land, in the land compensation and resettlement, replacement of 35 square meters per capita property implement the highest standards of housing restrictions, excess appendage on the ground — the housing all be monetary compensation, also, use relief map and satellite photos to check up the buildings which will be land expropriation and housing removal identified the illegal buildings and legal buildings,and it is not be compensated according to the law on illegal construction. Not only achieve the objective of effective control of illegal construction, but also solve the problem of insufficient housing and the densely populated, achieve social equity and justice. We are for solving the land expropriation and housing removal of collective land and real estate market development, to study the feasible countermeasures so that helpful ideas and suggestions are supplied to the similar Projects. This thesis is composed by five sections. The first section is the preface. The second is the legal basis for land acquisition of collective land and policies compared. The next section contains problems and countermeasure research on rural housing removal in Wuhu economic & technological development area. The fourth section is about examples of compensation for expropriation on rural housing removal in Wuhu economic & technological development area. The last one is conclusions and the future outlook. This paper has a certain practical value for the thesis, Has received a master's degree,and the views of the paper and the current Chinese real estate policy have many points of agreement, as well as guiding significance.

Comprehensive evaluation of airport economic zone development quality based on OWA operator weights

Based on GEMS model and the quality development of airport economic zone is defined firstly, the quality development evaluation index system is set up which included four first-degree indexes. The indexes obtain basic conditions, industrial development, radiation effects and development environment, and combines the methods of OWA operators and Fuzzy comprehensive assessment method to establish the evaluation model. Finally, though empirical analysis, evaluation result of the model is close to current situation of quality development of Zhengzhou airport economic zone, which shows that the model is effective and feasible.

Research on a Practice-Based Teaching Style Based on CDIO Engineering Education Mode—Taking a Teaching Reform on Electronic and Information Course Groups as an Example

Since the rapid development of science and technology has intensified global competition in the 21st century, it is an inevitable fact that the most talented and well-educated are in high demand. How to train high quality graduate student with higher application and practice abilities becomes an imminent problem which universities specialized curriculum teaching need to face currently. After investigated the current situation of teaching reform in home and abroad on, combined the selfish condition with professional training goal and summarized the effective methods and problems existing during the innovation experiment of teaching reform in recent years, the practice shows that the teaching reform using practice-based teaching style based on CDIO produces good results. Such an approach has many advantages: Firstly, it emphasizes the application and technical of the curriculum, and strengthens the training of practical and engineering ability. Secondly, it plays an important role in serving the request of The Economic Zone's Development strategy and providing reference for the experiment course system and the information management major reformation in other colleges and universities.

Competing for Foreign Direct Investment

This article explores the effects of locally adopted economic development zones and government spending promoting foreign affairs on foreign direct investment (FDI)–related employment in Chinese provinces. While these policies are motivated by a desire for employment growth, empirical evidence supporting their effectiveness has proven elusive. Using data from Chinese provinces covering 1999 to 2012, we explore this relationship using a dynamic system generalized method of moments approach. We find some evidence that trade zones enhance FDI-related employment but find none to support the idea that industrial development zones and spending to promote foreign affairs increase employment. Conversely, regional spillovers are consistently found to increase FDI-related employment in our main results and all robustness checks. We argue this highlights the importance of crowd-out effects and agglomeration spillovers, and that coordinating FDI promotion policy across regions may compare favorably to the current approach, which mainly encourages local competition over a largely fixed pool of aggregate FDI.

Impacts of transportation infrastructure on single-family property values

ABSTRACTNew or long-standing public infrastructure such as highways, airports, and ports of entry (POE) can increase adjacent property values generating a value premium for private developers and adjacent property owners. States and local governments aim to determine the geographic footprint and anticipate the economic value created by transportation infrastructure proximity and accessibility since it represents an opportunity to capture some infrastructure costs. Hence, it is desirable to understand the degree of correlation between transportation infrastructure proximity and changes in real property values in a spatial context particularly when defining economic development zones where transportation investments are planned and where governments expect to recover some of the infrastructure cost from increases in real property values. This research applies geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis to determine the geographic footprint and quantify the impacts of transportation infrastructure proximity and accessibility on real property values in El Paso, Texas using a 2013 cross-sectional data set. The presence of spatial nonstationarity and heterogeneity confirms that transportation infrastructure proximity and accessibility might generate premiums on real property values, but that such premiums are not always positive and are occasionally negative. GWR shows that benefits from a transportation facility can be capitalized by non-adjacent parcels. Finally, GWR maps can help better policy development by estimating how much value is added by infrastructure proximity and accessibility throughout particular locations.