Economic Development Of Territories Research Articles

PECULIARITIES OF TRAINING OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SPECIALISTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ARMED AGGRESSION

The necessity of providing public authorities with highly qualified and competent public administration specialists is substantiated. The growing dynamics of demand in the training of specialists in the field of "Public Administration" among other fields and the growing demand in this field in connection with the modernization of public administration of new approaches and decentralization of power, armed aggression by the Russian Federation, features of legal support -civil administrations in Ukraine, and the organization of new ideas as training for public administration specialists in all areas of expanding their professionalism and responsibility in critical areas of all spheres of life and adaptation to new living conditions rights and obligations. The functional load and role of military-civil administrations in the process of ensuring social and economic development of territories are studied, the necessity of training specialists to assist specialists of Military administrations formed in territories where martial law is imposed, and substantiation of status and components of public authorities , and their activity is to purposefully influence the organization of activities in a certain area in the interests of successful and efficient solving the tasks set before them. By their legal status, these temporary bodies are administrative and executive bodies.

Internet and territorial economic development: Estimating the effects of broadband technologies on business start-ups and closures in Quebec from 2005 to 2019

Bien qu’il soit admis qu’Internet a des effets importants sur la façon dont les régions se développent économiquement, les études restent partagées son impact réel. À l’aube d’un élargissement des politiques de connectivité, quels impacts la mise en place de l’Internet haute vitesse dans les territoires du Québec a-t-elle eu sur la création et la fermeture d’établissements entre 2005 et 2019 ? En nous basant sur un modèle de doubles différences avec appariement par score de propension, nous isolons l’effet de l’implantation de l’Internet haute vitesse (Câble/DSL et Fibre) sur la création et les fermetures d’établissements. Les estimations sont réalisées pour tous les secteurs industriels confondus, ainsi que pour sept secteurs spécifiques. Les résultats montrent que l’accès aux technologies haut débit comme le Câble et la DSL a significativement augmenté la création et réduit le nombre de fermetures d’établissements dans l’ensemble des industries. L’accès à la Fibre, en revanche, a significativement réduit la création d’établissements et augmenté les fermetures, de façon globale pour l’ensemble des industries, avec des effets variés selon les secteurs. Ces résultats confirment que l’accès au haut débit est un enjeu clé pour le développement économique territorial, mais mettent en évidence une hétérogénéité des effets selon le type d’activité, le territoire et la technologie implantée.

Разработка информационной системы мониторинга привлекательности муниципальных образований Республики Башкортостан

At present, most regions of the Russian Federation are experiencing an increase in migration flows, which has a significant impact on the overall decline in population. At the same time most of them have already developed regional migration policies containing basic guidelines for migration regulation. One of such regions is the Republic of Bashkortostan, where in the recent period the number of active population taking part in both intraregional and external migration has increased significantly. At the same time, the spatial mobility of the population has an impact on the social and economic development of territories. These circumstances lead to increased attention on the part of regional authorities in state regulation improvement. In this connection, the main goal of the paper is to develop an information system for monitoring the attractiveness of municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan using geoinformation technologies. The conceptual model “Informational system of attractiveness monitoring of municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan” is presented during the research, in which units of visualization, parametric analysis and spatial scaling are described. An algorithm information system was also developed which describes its functionality, such as: assessment of the level of migration attractiveness of the territory, zoning the territory according to the level of migration attractiveness; editing and search of data; scenario prediction of the level of migration activity of the population (number of departures, number of arrivals, migration growth); visual representation of the direction of migration flows; reporting. With the help of this tool, the forecast of the level of attractiveness of the municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan is made taking into account the realization of the regional program “Complex development of monocities”. The information system for monitoring the attractiveness of municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan can serve as a scientific and methodological basis for state migration policy improvement. The information system for attractiveness monitoring of municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan can serve as a scientific and methodological basis for the improvement of state migration policy.

Strategic Analysis of the Prospects for the Sayano-Yenisei Mesoregion Using the Balance Model

The article explores the problems of strategic analysis of the spatial development of Siberian regions. It has been shown that the inclusion of mesoregional entities in the strategic spatial planning system allows improving the quality of strategic studies of the promising development of macroregions. The current state and problems of socio-economic development of the Sayano-Yenisei mesoregion located in the southern part of Eastern Siberia on the territory of three constituent entities of the Russian Federation (the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republic of Khakassia and the Republic of Tuva), in the Yenisei river basin, in the basin of the Eastern and Western Sayan mountains and Kuznetsk Alatau are analyzed. The article considers opportunities, limitations and prospects of advanced economic development of mesoregion. An intersectoral regional model was proposed for the study of promising development scenarios, which would link the parameters of investment development projects with macroeconomic regional indicators. A macroeconomic assessment of the impact of projects on indicators of social and economic development of territories has been performed

Developing a Typology of Regions Based on Their Predisposition to Scientific and Technological Development

Aim. The presented study aims to describe the proposed typology of regions based on their predisposition to scientific and technological development in the context of hereditary industrial, social, and institutional determinants of economic territorial development. Tasks. The authors develop a methodological approach to forming a basic criterion for the classification of regions; develop a methodology for the classification of regions based on their predisposition to scientific and technological development with allowance for the economic impact of their hereditary core; test the authors’ developments on the regions of the Russian Federation. Methods. This study uses tools for modeling the hereditary socio-economic core of regions based on the calculation of Frobenius norms to identify the prevailing dynamic trends in territorial development, and a matrix method for developing a regional typology. The methodology applied by the authors focuses on identifying territories that are more susceptible to technological transformations, including those that ensure the significant impact of these transformations on the national economy. Results. The study tests the authors’ developments on Russian regions and provides two typologies. The first typology groups regions according to criteria such as stable positive predisposition, permissible positive predisposition, negative predisposition, and stable negative predisposition to scientific and technological development. The second typology identifies regions with hereditary capital, regions with useful heredity, regions with defective useful heredity, regions with the effect of a large hereditary base, regions with defective heredity, and regions with significant defective heredity. The developed typologies make it possible to identify regions that serve as the opposite poles of scientific and technological transformations as well as high-risk regions with unjustified investment in innovative economic activities. Conclusions. Industrially developed regions are more predisposed to scientifific and technological development, and expansion of innovations will be implemented faster in these regions compared with others. The Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions have an elastic industrial heritage, which is manifested in the successful implementation of a wide range of innovative tasks. Comparative analysis also shows that the Ural Federal District has the most favorable industrial, social, and institutional hereditary determinants responsible for the susceptibility of the territory to technological transformations compared with other regions, which makes it a potential center for the scientific and technological development of the national economy.

Goals and forms of granting budgetary resources to the regions from the federal center on a gratuitous basis

The article is devoted to the study of the theory, methodology and practice of providing the regions with resources from the federal budget on a gratuitous basis from the point of view of the development of their budgetary potential. The article identifies four methodological approaches (delegation, smoothing, point management and incentives) to the goal of providing interbudgetary transfers, their features, practical implementation, problems and effects from their use in Russia. The key indicators of the dynamics of the provision of interbudgetary transfers to Russian regions are investigated, the results of interregional budgetary equalization are shown. A matrix has been developed for the typology of interbudgetary transfers according to the key criteria for their provision and scenarios for the development of budgetary potential. It is concluded that in terms of economic development of territories, stimulation of the growth of budgetary potential is considered as a priority approach. A number of measures are proposed to improve the efficiency of the provision of budgetary resources on a gratuitous basis.

Transformation of the Ukrainian cities within post-Chornobyl and Post-totalitarian ‘transitional’ period

The study of the transformation of Ukrainian cities in the post-Chornobyl and post-totalitarian transition period highlighted a number of general development trends and regional features of the global urban process. Despite the socio-economic upheavals, Russia's military aggression and population decline, Ukraine has entered the ‘human development high category’ list of countries. Studies have shown that the country urbanization level continues to grow, while balancing its spatial development potential. This is evidenced by the emergence of the ‘South-West Spatial Vector’, the ‘West Sector’ and the ‘Meridional Axis’ of the urbanization process development. This indicates, first, the ‘spatial structures memory’, the presence of which allows us to interpret post-socialist transformations as a ‘return to pre-socialist development trajectories’ of Ukraine in common Pan-European space; secondly, on the cyclical development and reversibility of ‘waves vibrational motion’ of the world urban process; thirdly, the ‘country urbanized space reaction’ to the Russian military aggression in the East of Ukraine, the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and part of the Donbas territories.
 The specifics of the post-socialist development of the Kyiv Agglomeration reflect the new status of Kyiv and the general trend of development of the European metropolitan network, as well as the ‘gravitational pattern’ of spatial development, which is manifested by territorial uneven economic development and ‘growth poles wave migration’ from center to periphery and vice versa. The post-Chornobyl growth of the tourist attractiveness of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, where 80% of visitors are foreigners, will contribute to the further transformation of Ukrainian cities. In particular, air communication − the development of Kyiv and the Kyiv Agglomeration; roads − development of bordering cities in the west and south of the country, as well as cities in the areas of Pan-European transport corridors influence; railway - the development of Kyiv, Chernihiv, Slavutych; the Dnipro - Visla waterway project implementation, the purpose of which is the connection of the Baltic and Black Seas - the development of city-river ports along the Dnipro and Pripyat Rivers.

Долгосрочная динамика экономического развития российской Арктики

About a quarter of the world's natural gas and oil reserves are concentrated in the Arctic, which has led to increased interest of the world powers in this region in recent years. The Russian Federation has the greatest resource potential in this macro-region. This article examines the transformation of economic processes in the Russian Arctic. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that in order to achieve the main goals and implement the tasks of the modern state Arctic policy of Russia, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the features and patterns of economic processes taking place in this region. The author has analyzed the indicators characterizing some aspects of the economic development of the territories of the Russian Arctic in 1950–2018. According to the results of the analysis, three fundamentally different periods of the development of this region were identified: 1950–1990 — an intensive stage of economic development of the Arctic territories; 1990–1999 — the stage of market relations formation; from 2000 to the present — the stage of “redevelopment” of the Arctic. The main features of the economic development of the Arctic territories at each stage are shown. Conclusions concerning the tasks of the current stage of development are made. The assumption about the contemporary tendencies and the need to find new effective approaches to the management of the region is put forward.

Формирование населения и динамика развития российского Севера в 1920-е гг.

Based on the analysis of All-Union Population Census of 1926 and a wide range of general and regional scientific research, the author studies the processes of demographic and economic development of territories located in the Russian North and conventionally designated by the author as regions of Euro-pean, Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern North. The paper identifies key trends and features of Northern re-gions' development in the 1920s, caused by the first Soviet reforms of the administrative-territorial struc-ture of the country, economic development and national state policy, which had an impact on the demo-graphic processes in the regions including population size, its composition and settlement structure. It is found that the economic development was the most active in the bordering areas, where intensive development of industry and transportation implied the need to strengthen national defense and expand trade and economic ties. This mainly concerned the regions of the European and Far Eastern North. The regions that were rich in natural resources, especially gold deposits, such as Yakutia, also developed more actively. Other regions of Ural and Siberian North developed in a more traditional way, based on growth of wood harvesting and fishing industry. Improving of living conditions of the indigenous peoples of the North, material support for their farms, medical care and legal assistance, introduction of education among the population in the 1920s had a positive impact on the economic and demographic development of the indigenous population.

Solar radiation power and its distribution in altitude‐latitudeintervals of the territory of Dagestan, Russia

Aim. Calculation of the energy potential of primary land productivity, environmental regulation of technogenic load and development ofmeasures for sustainable development of territories.Materials and Methods. The author has developed a method for assessing the spatial differentiation of solar radiation power in relation to the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. The method is based on the results of long‐term actinometric measurements taken atmeteorological stations at different altitudes in Dagestan and adjacent territories.Results. A statistical analysis has been carried out of the regularities of the distribution power of solar radiation in coordinates of the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. On the basis of calculated regularities, a nomogram was constructed for reading the indicators of the energy of ecosystems in the latitudinal‐altitudinal intervals of the earth's surface of the Republic of Dagestan. The resulting nomogram allows the reading of the limits and average values of the characteristics of solar radiation in an area studied, for example, for all intervals of heights and latitudes in an administrative region.Conclusion. The results obtained are necessary for the calculation of the energy potential of primary productivity of lands, ecological regulation of anthropogenic load, as well as the development of measures for sustainable, balanced ecological and economic development of territories.

Векторное измерение процессов дифференциации экономического пространства региона

Цель: исследование возможностей эконометрической идентификации формирующихся векторов экономического развития локальных территорий региона, определяющих внутренние факторы формирования и развития неоднородности экономического пространства региона. Обсуждение: в ходе исследования использован метод евклидовых расстояний для исследования регионального экономического пространства. На основе официальной статистики в разрезе региона и образующих его муниципальных образований определены формирующиеся вектора экономического развития локальных территорий. Проведена типологизация территорий региона с точки зрения их воздействия на динамику развития всей региональной экономики. Результаты: в результате проведенного исследования определены четыре типа территорий: экономически развитые территории с высокими темпами экономического развития, экономически развитые территории с сокращающимися темпами экономического развития, регрессирующие территории с замедляющимися темпами экономического регресса (восстанавливающиеся территории), регрессирующие территории с увеличивающимися темпами регресса (деградирующие территории). Экономическое развитие локальных территорий региона характеризуется выраженной направленностью или вектором их развития. Сохранение таких векторов экономического развития определяется особенностями локальных экономик, системой внутренних и внешних факторов экономического развития территорий. Сохраняющиеся продолжительное время вектора экономического развития локальных территорий региона определяют пространственные различия в развитии региональной экономики, становятся фактором дифференциации экономического пространства региона. В то же время своевременная диагностика и оценка векторов развития локальных территорий может служить основой для разработки региональной политики выравнивания экономического пространства.

TERRITORIAL AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF URBAN PLANNING SYSTEMS: INFLUENCE FACTORS

The article is devoted to the definition of certain aspects of the territorial-spatial development of urban planning systems. The article identifies the basic centers of attraction by analyzing the main economic indicators of Ukraine's development. Based on the analysis of migration links, centers of attraction of the population were identified, which have high indicators of the economic block of functions of the urban planning system. Analyzing the systems of population settlement and spatial-territorial planning, it is advisable to note that meeting the needs of the population and the processes of socio-economic development of territories is determined by determining the zones of influence of individual centers that perform a number of economic, social, environmental and spatial functions. The boundaries of the influence of such centers are determined by a set of socio-economic ties and depend on the scale of the center of influence of its economic development and the degree of urbanization. The largest center of attraction for the population in Ukraine is the capital Kiev. The next cities in terms of attractiveness that significantly affect the migration processes of the population are the cities of Kharkov, Lviv, Odessa and Dnipro. These cities have similarly high indicators of the economic block of functions of the urban planning system. Analysis of economic indicators of the development of territories showed the dependence of the development of the level of wages. The higher the indicators of economic development of territories, the more attractive it is for the population and acts as a center of gravity. However, it should be noted that for further analysis of territorial development, it is advisable to introduce indicators of the efficiency of economic systems, providing workers with social guarantees and analysis of the level of wages, are important indicators of the impact on territorial attractiveness.

City-states in relational urbanization: the case of Luxembourg and Singapore

ABSTRACT Post-industrial global urbanization has seen the rise of territorial economic development strategies predicated on reconfiguring the urban landscape to conform to novel forms of economic production, often under the guise of “global city” development. This paper reorients the conversation on global city development by highlighting the intermediary roles that particular cities play in brokering flows of global knowledge, goods, and capital through novel spatial-economic configurations. We identify a sub-set of city-states characterized by territorial economic development strategies that are exemplary of “relational” processes. Luxembourg and Singapore serve as illustrative cases in which urban territorial development is guided almost entirely by an exogenous orientation benefitting from an intermediary positionality. Although all cities are in some way “relational” in their politico-economic orientation, these extraordinary cases highlight a number of novel concurrent socio-spatial processes which enabled them to capture key advantages conferred by their positionality in relation to regional and global flows.

ЕКОНОМЕТРИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The work aims to develop an author's approach to modelling the performance of tourism enterprises using modern mathematical methods of multifactor modelling based on empirical data. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved: to generalize theoretical developments and practical approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of tourism enterprises at the regional and national levels; substantiate the methodological basis and choice of econometric tools for modelling the evaluation of the effectiveness of tourism enterprises, taking into account the available statistical base; to develop an econometric model for evaluating the effectiveness of tourism enterprises that would allow determining a system of indicators for assessing the impact of the effectiveness of tourism enterprises on the economic development of territories; to develop recommendations for the application of the author's model in the substantiation and management decisions in the process of forming the foundations of regional and national economic policy. The author's approach to assessing the impact of tourism enterprises on the processes of economic development of the regions is proposed in the article. In the process of econometric modelling, the method of analysis of canonical correlations was used, which allowed obtaining an analytical view of empirical relationships of sets of performance indicators of tourism enterprises and indicators of economic development of regions, which, in turn, allows to obtain a formalized interaction of tourism enterprises and region. to obtain a realistic estimate of the contribution of tourism enterprises to GRP generation. The canonical analysis of the interaction of indicators reflecting the economic performance of tourism enterprises in the regions of Ukraine and indicators of economic development of the regions showed that the most priority areas of tourism enterprises in the regions of Ukraine that contribute to the development of regions, territories and increase employment are revenues from tourism services in the form of sale of tourist vouchers to citizens of Ukraine abroad for the purpose of specialized tourism, leisure, recreation and children's tourism. The growth of the share of tourist services both in the structure of gross regional product and in the structure of consumption in the world should stimulate domestic tourist enterprises to work towards increasing those indicators of tourist activity that would increase their profitability and competitiveness in the distribution of tourist flows. with the state, national tourist facilities and tourist infrastructure, especially in regions with sufficient tourist potential and low level of its use, to ensure a high level of quality of tourist services in accordance with international standards, to develop tourist activities within Ukraine.

АНАЛИЗ СОСТОЯНИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕГИОНА

The article shows that, in general, cooperation between public authorities and private business is one of the most important factors that generally affect the social and economic development of territories. The powers in the field of organizational and regulatory regulation of public-private partnership issues at the federal level are considered.

Program-modular approach to the coordination of interests of participants of regional water markets (the case of southern regions of Russia)

Relevance. The efficiency of water management is determined by the quality of managerial decision-making. These decisions should ensure the balance of interests of all the actors in regional water markets. At present, in Russia, however, the balance of interests is considered only in macro-level strategies, which leads to the inefficiency of water distribution in regions. The study of the issues of rational distribution of water resources and their use in various industries and spheres of activity is, therefore, particularly relevant. Research objective. This article aims to propose methodology for maintaining the optimal balance between the interests of economic actors in regional water markets. Data and methods. This article proposes a program-modular approach to building a more efficient water management system. It is shown how the proposed methodology based on the incremental model of management can be used for balancing the interests of economic agents (suppliers and consumers of water resources). Results. It is proved that the plurality and divergence of interests of economic agents makes it difficult to manage them and thus precludes social and economic development of territories. The structural-functional analysis of the incremental model reveals various types of connections between the water-retaining capacity of gross regional product and indexes of industrial production for regions of the South Federal District. Conclusions. The prospects of development of water management in regions are associated with ensuring the balance of interests of the water market’s participants. The program-modular approach proposed by the authors combines the administrative and resource potential of regional water management and aligns the goals on the regional level with the more general goals of hydropower modernization. The novelty of our research is that it relies on the incremental model, which, unlike other models of management, leads to an incremental achievement of the desired through certain iterations.

Managerial assets as a factor of territorial community development

The article addresses the peculiarities of managerial assets’ impact on the development of a territorial community. Managerial assets are the driving force of positive changes and development of a territorial community since they make responsible decisions and detect, indicate, and eliminate flaws in resource managerial and processes in consolidated territorial communities. Therefore, it is essential to disclose their role and features of impact on the development of territorial communities. The article considers the nature of such concepts as the development of a territorial community and economic development of a territorial community, explains the difference between them, and outlines identification attributes that characterize the community development. The advantages of local residents’ participation in securing the development of their territorial communities are disclosed. Managerial assets of a territorial community are suggested to be regarded as a set of highly qualified specialists in asset managerial in territorial communities who have leadership qualities, a defined set of skills, enough experience to conduct efficient professional activity, and can study quick and qualitatively and adapt to changes. The importance of the territorial identity of a territorial community’s managerial assets is emphasized since it will serve as a powerful incentive for the managerial assets of the territorial community to use its competences to work on the implementation of positive changes in the territorial community. The bottlenecks of managerial assets of public, private, and non-governmental sectors that stipulate the features of their impact on the development of territorial communities are described. The article specifies that cooperation between managerial assets of public, private, and non-governmental sectors is quite essential as coordinated cooperation between them allows fighting the pressure of interest groups and securing an efficient work of each of the sectors, and thus boosts the development of the territorial community.

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ СИСТЕМЫ РАССЕЛЕНИЯ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

The article considers the main trends of rural settlement in relation to the general level of economic development of territories. The deepening differentiation of rural areas by population density and level of economic development is revealed. It is established that the positional characteristics of settlements and the level of development of the local economy are the main factors determining the form and intensity of the process of transformation of rural settlement.

Assessment of Dominant Trends in Housing Construction Market in Russia

The article is devoted to the research and assessment of dominant trends in the development of the housing construction market in Russia. The relevance of the study is determined by the role of the housing construction market as a driver of economic development of territories. The purpose of the study is to assess the current trends in the development of housing construction.The conducted analysis showed that the condition and dominant trends of the housing construction market generally corresponded to the negative macroeconomic situation in 2020. The factors that caused the negative trends in the development of the housing construction market are identified and their consequences are assessed. The authors believe that timely identification and assessment of dominant trends in the housing construction market allow predicting possible directions of its development, which in turn allow specifying directions of state regulation of the housing sector necessary to maintain stability of the industry and its balanced development.

Econometric approach to modeling the global partnership between the Russian federation and the republic of Belarus in the manufacturing industry

The working hypothesis of the study is the postulate that the implementation of the global partnership of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus should take place at the level of interregional interactions. The paper proposes the methodological approach and tools for assessing possible interregional interactions between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the manufacturing industry, as well as investigates the factors influencing this interaction. Data from the official statistical websites of Russia and Belarus for 84 subjects of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus were used to calculate the studied indicators. At the first stage, the spatial distribution of the volume of output in the manufacturing sector of the regions of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus is analyzed in order to assess the possibilities of interaction between these regions in this sector of the economy. When modeling, the Republic of Belarus is considered as a separate region within the Union State. A positive autocorrelation was established between the subjects of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus using Moran’s indices. At the second stage, the influence of economic, infrastructural and institutional factors on the indicator characterizing the degree of possible interaction of the regions of the Russian Federation with the Republic of Belarus in the manufacturing industry was studied. The influence of economic, infrastructural, and institutional factors on this indicator under study was studied using Beta regression. The use of this approach makes it possible to substantiate the priority areas of economic development of territories within the Union State, in particular, to search for centers of attraction of resources and spheres of their influence on the territory. The findings of this paper can be used in the preparation of strategies, programs, and schemes for the placement and development of industries taking into account the potential of a new level of integration of the economies of Russia and Belarus.