Economic Development Of Cities Research Articles

Cities trajectories in the digital era: Exploring the impact of technological advancement and institutional quality on environmental and social sustainability

Rising environmental and social challenges have compelled policymakers and academicians worldwide to look for an optimal solution to spur cities into a new dimension to meet future needs. In this transition, technological advancement and institution quality has emerged as viable solutions to ensure sustainable city development. However, urban inequality, economic conditions, and institutional quality across cities have produced mixed yet controversial outcomes. By dividing the Italian cities into three economic levels, this article uncovers the relationship between technological advancement, institutional quality, and environmental and social sustainability using data from 2010 to 2019. The GLS model results show that a city's economic development rate significantly influences the potential impact of technological advancement and institutions on environmental and social sustainability, also suggesting that technological advancement is associated with environmental and social sustainability in the longer run. At the same time, institutional quality is not an effective variable in the Italian context. The results produce policy and academic implications concerning the current trend in the institutional capacity to ensure environmental and social sustainability and support the current debate concerning the role of technological advancement in cities in supporting environmental conditions and socially sustainable societies.

Has Central Environmental Protection Inspection Promoted High-Quality Economic Development?—A Case Study from China

Environmental regulatory policies are crucial to the high-quality development of China’s economy. Can central environmental protection inspection, another major innovation in China’s environmental regulation policy, significantly contribute to high-quality economic development? To address this question, this paper is the first time to intensely discuss the relationship between central environmental protection supervision and the high-quality development of China’s urban economy. The research level is expanded from the previous micro-enterprise level to the macro level. Starting from the city, the main body of green innovation, and using the propensity score matching and difference-in-differences methods, we test the impact of central environmental protection inspection on high-quality economic development. A preassessment at the regional level reveals that the green total factor productivity of the inspected cities is significantly higher than that of the non-inspected cities, and parallel-trend tests and placebo tests also support the result. Subsequently, the persistence of the policy impact is further analyzed, and the results show a significant impact only in the year of policy implementation. Finally, the heterogeneity analysis shows that central environmental protection inspection can significantly promote high-quality economic development in cities in the eastern region, but has a significant inhibitory effect on the western region.

Territorial Challenges for Cultural and Creative Industries’ Contribution to Sustainable Innovation: Evidence from the Interreg Ita-Slo Project DIVA

This article articulates the outcomes of the spatial survey of an EU Interreg-funded project titled “Development of Innovation Eco-Systems and Value Chains: Supporting Cross-Border Innovation through Creative Industries” (DIVA). The study mapped cultural and creative industries (CCIs) in the transborder area comprising the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia and the western region of Slovenia. The study applied both quantitative and qualitative place-based methodologies and drew theoretically from economics, urbanism, and interactionism. The results include a webapp quantifying and describing CCIs spread in the transborder area and a SWOT analysis of firms’ geographies for potential collaboration between CCIs and traditional SMEs (small and medium enterprises). It is argued that the cultural and creative sectors are relevant to the social and economic development of cities and regions, and act as drivers of innovation. The interconnected network of local enterprises (CCIs-SMEs) also goes in the direction of promoting a sustainable territorial development, enhancing enrooted resources. Additionally, it considers how CCIs different localization patterns, both clustered and sprawled, can influence and shape possible collaboration degrees at transborder regional level. Thus, this paper advocates for more integrated policymaking that considers the spatial distribution and territorial localization of CCIs alongside their socio-economic dimensions.

Analysis of Industrial Carbon Transfer in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei City Cluster and Surrounding Areas

To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality and win the blue-sky defense battle, the environmental situation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas is still grim, and the optimization of its industrial structure and energy structure is imminent. With the rapid development of interregional trade in intermediate products, carbon emissions are transferred across regions with the trade. Due to the large differences in the technology, industrial structure, and economic development of cities, extending the environmental governance chain of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas is indispensable. In this article, based on the interregional input-output tables in 2002, 2007, and 2012, we establish the average propagation length (APL) model and the structural path analysis model Structural Path Analysis model for analyzing the carbon conduction relationship in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. And we also compare the situation of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. The results show that: i) From perspective of the whole urban clusters, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has obvious characteristics of coal-fired urban clusters. More than 65% of the carbon-containing resources in Hebei’s coal industry are transferred to the electricity and heat industry. In the carbon conduction chain, the carbon emissions caused by electricity and heat industry, which acts as an intermediary, account for more than 85% of the total emissions. ii) From the perspective of industrial structure transfer within the urban clusters, Hebei Province has an important resource support position. Its secondary industry can not only effectively alleviate the shortage of energy supply in other resource provinces, but also has great development potential in the improvement of economic benefits. iii) From the perspective of specific industry sectors, resource provinces such as Shanxi and Inner Mongolia have high carbon emission coefficients in the electricity and heat industry, which is the main reason for the high carbon emissions in the transfer chain.

Creative industries in Indonesia: a socio-spatial exploration of three kampongs in Bandung

Several studies on creative industries (CIs) have investigated the impact of CIs on the social and economic development of cities, regions or countries in the Global South. In Indonesia, past research has focussed on CIs’ impact on national economic development and their network processes and effects. Few studies have examined the role of creative kampongs at a local scale, especially the multi-dimensional aspects of the socio-spatial processes of kampongs hosting CIs. Our contribution seeks to answer the question: how has the spatiality of the kampongs that host CIs in Bandung changed since the start of the 2009 Creative Economy national policy? Focussing on the city-region as the central concept, we apply socio-spatial analytics to explore the social and spatial dimensions of this phenomenon as well as its policy arrangements. In terms of city-region conformation process, each of the three cases selected reveal the presence of different spatial strategies and social dynamics patterns, emerging from a variety of factors. The different origins of the kampongs, the impact of their creative economy identities, and the role of the communities and community-related actors in their development play core roles in their development.

Construction Wisdom: Preserving Venice with Both Tradition and Innovation

ABSTRACT Since the second half of the nineteenth century, scientists and literary figures alike have focused on the decay of Venice, the former surveying the damage, the latter describing its charm, both recommending proper preservation. Over time, the growth of mass tourism and the city's economic development has brought about social, urban and architectural transformations, causing a marked decline in both the local population and in craftsmanship. Loss of knowledge of traditional building skills subsequently led to irreversible low-quality interventions in which historical surfaces have been progressively replaced by non-durable plasters. The main reason for this project is to create synergy between the University IUAV in Venice (Istituto Universitario di Architettura di Venezia) and Venice's local craftsmen through which traditional ‘construction wisdom’ can once again come to the fore. The project seeks to enhance the expertise of artisans and the use of historical materials to care for the city, respecting its ‘material culture’ while simultaneously addressing sustainable innovation. It is focused on the preservation of Venice through thorough and continuous maintenance that can control – and possibly lessen – improper architectural changes and develop a broader sensibility towards the authenticity of materials, both in monuments and simple artifacts. It improves education by enabling older custodians of traditional knowledge to transfer it to the younger generation which will have the duty of preserving Venice's future.

Optimizing City Diplomacy Indonesia for Economic Development Through E-government Implementation

This research wants to identify the implementation of e-government conducted by the city government in Indonesia that could synergize and support city diplomacy activity in boosting city economic development. The research method was qualitative methods, with data collection techniques through literature studies. The results showed that the implementation of E-government in several cities in Indonesia are still focused on improving the quality of public services, using the use of information technology through the pattern of Government to Citizen (G2C), Government to Business (G2B), Government to Government (G2G). The orientation of data and information distribution is still focused on the local population. The use of multilingual or foreign language options in accessing information is still less optimal. Various fields that can boost the city’s development, such as investment, trade, and tourism with a focus on overseas audiences, are informed well but the data or information presented is not integrated into one portal. There are several cities that are considered doing city diplomacy very well, by combining the e-government implementation and city diplomacy will greatly improve and accelerate the city’s economic development, and the city could be becoming an important player at the global level.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПРОСТОРОВІ ВІДМІННОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ У ВЕЛИКОМУ МІСТІ

The concept of inclusiveness in urban development is not new. The contemporary interpretation of the term is associated with equal access of all social groups regardless of age, gender, health, wealth, etc., to full life activity as equal members of society. The inclusiveness of development itself is an indicator of measuring the city residents’ quality of life in the context of convenience, comfort, availability of services and space for citizens. It demonstrates the level of integration of all residents into the community. The article presents the results of the study of socio-spatial differences in the development of the inclusive infrastructure of a large city. The research is based on the data from observations and structured interviews conducted in January-March 2022 in the cities of Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi. The criteria for the selection of research sites were locations in the urban space in zones with different functions. A study of characteristic and typical (representative) parts was carried out according to the list of objects in each of the research areas in Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi. The mapping was used to visualise the functional content of the active floors of buildings and display the categories of their facades within the selected streets as urban public spaces. It was determined that Poltava is characterised by socio-spatial differences in the development of the inclusive infrastructure of pedestrian streets between the city centre, and industrial and new-build residential areas. An analysis of the functional content of the active floors of buildings was carried out and the categories of their facades on the pedestrian streets of Kropyvnytskyi were determined. Based on the results of the interviews with the residents of Poltava, the problems and priorities of the inclusive development of the large city were identified. The use of the obtained results for the elaboration of development strategies of the cities of Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi will allow taking into account the features of inclusive development and may contribute to considering the interests and needs of all categories of urban residents to eliminate spatial disparities in the social and economic development of cities.

Understanding the formation of City-HSR network: A case study of Yangtze River Delta, China

As an essential transportation infrastructure, high-speed rail (HSR) plays an important role in improving connections and economic efficiency among cities which has been proved by numerous studies. In turn, the cities’ economic development levels also influence the planning and construction of HSR. Several qualitative studies pointed out that some failed projects of HSR investment were attributed by the neglect of urban economic factors. However, there lacks a quantitative understanding of which specific city economic factors influence the formation of HSR networks and to what extent. This study intends to answer the questions by analyzing the formation process of HSR network under the influence of city economic development using a generative network model (GNM) and social network analysis. It focused on 20 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region of China and constructed a City-HSR network that coupled the city economic network and HSR network. Then, a GNM method considering transitivity, distance, boundary effect, and population, was used to generate simulated networks similar to the City-HSR network. The similarities in network metrics between the City-HSR network and the GNM networks were compared by the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) method to determine the optimal GNM network. A sensitivity analysis was further conducted to investigate the impacts of the factors on the formation of HSR network. The results showed that GNM could simulate the observed City-HSR network with satisfactory performance, and the city population should be given priority when planning new HSR lines. This study proposed a research framework for exploring the interaction between the city economic network and HSR network and provided data-driven analyses for regional transport policy.

Analysing travel satisfaction of tourists towards a metro system from unstructured data

Tourism promotes economic development in cities, where the quality of public transport has a direct impact on the attractivity of a destination, making important to understand how to improve the service they provide.This study proposes a methodology to analyse and predict travel satisfaction of tourists towards an urban metro system using online reviews and uses TripAdvisor data and the Paris metro as a case study. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation method is used to extract the dimensions of the online reviews and several machine learning models are trained to find the one that most accurately predicts the tourists' travel satisfaction.According to the results for our case study, TripAdvisor online reviews of tourists towards the Paris metro can be classified in three dimensions: “General”, “Ticketing System” and “Utility and Accessibility”, and an artificial neural network can predict the satisfaction of tourists towards this urban metro system.This methodology can be easily applied to different online platforms and urban metro systems and can be used by metro managements in order to deliver a better service to improve satisfaction among the tourists using their metro systems, and develop strategies aiming to improve the services they provide to attract more tourists to the cities.

Differentiation and progress of urban regionalization in China: Perspectives of land use and geography

The explosive population growth and economic development in cities have led to continuous but diverse urban regionalization. The resulting urban agglomerations (UAs) exhibit differentiation at both regional and local scales. Few studies have documented the disparities in UAs regarding land use and geography. In this study, we investigated the county-level land use features of 19 China's planned UAs by using a land use intensity (LUI) metric. We employed the spatial autocorrelation, inequality statistics, and imbalance estimation models to estimate the agglomeration, inequalities, and coordination of land use, and we combined those indicators to distinguish the development pattern of all UAs. Our findings revealed that spatial pattern of LUIs and their autocorrelations over time are closely associated with the evolution of urban regionalization. The widening gaps of land use exist more within the UAs than among them. Based on the LUI inequality and its relations to population and economy, UAs were classified into core-driven, differentiated, coordinated, and mismatched ones. Our conclusions highlighted that policy incentives for sustainable urbanization help decouple the synchronism of socioeconomic and LUI inequality.

Environmental regulation, economic development and air pollution in the cities of China: Spatial econometric analysis based on policy scoring and satellite data

Air pollution has become a key problem to be solved in the process of sustainable development in China. Most existing research on environmental regulation has focused on one dimension or several aspects of environmental regulation. This paper quantitatively scored environmental policies in China from multiple dimensions to construct the index of environmental regulation and used a spatial econometric model and satellite-monitored PM2.5 data for 280 cities in 2002–2016 to analyze the effects of environmental regulation on city air pollution treatment in the country. The empirical results showed that (a) there was a significant positive correlation for the spatial distribution of air pollution in China (0.87 in 2007) and the current air pollution situation was susceptible to the effects of its previous (the time lag effect of urban air pollution in eastern China is the strongest, which was 0.347); (b) environmental regulation could significantly improve the air pollution situation in the cities of northern and eastern regions; (c) the decomposition of the spatial spillover effect confirmed the role of environmental regulation in improving air quality in the region or surrounding areas. (d) we found the inverted U-shaped relationship between city economic development and air pollution in southern cities, the environmental Kuznets curve was verified; In the future, breaking the “barriers” in pollution treatment between regions and strengthening regional conversation and cooperation are effective approaches to treating air pollution.

БАЙКАЛО-МОНГОЛЬСКИЙ ТРАНСПОРТНЫЙ КОРИДОР: ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

The purpose of this study is to identify the spatio-temporal relationship between the population and production of the urbanized territories of the Baikal-Mongolian transport corridor. Cross-cutting methods - statistical, cartograph-ic, comparative-geographical - are used at all stages of the study. The units of measurement taken are the following: in Russia - urban districts and municipal districts, in Mongolia - the capital city and aimags. The main results consist in identifying the main urbanized areas that have formed in places of maximum population concentration: around the capital city of Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia, and in southeastern Siberia around the regional centers of Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude, and Chita. The demographic potential of the Baikal-Mongolian transport corridor is more than half of the population of the corresponding regions, while it reproduces and receives migrants from peripheral territories. Competitive advantages and opportunities of cities and regions are assessed as constituent parts of a single cross-border economic corridor. The increasing role of the main economic centers objectively leads to the growth of the corresponding agglomerations and damages the functioning of other urban settlements. Based on the analysis of the economic com-plex of the studied territory, the branches of industrial specialization are distinguished, the typologies of municipalities of the region are carried out according to the prevalence of the main activity in the industry. The determining factors of the social and economic development of cities are the effects of the economic and geographical location and the accumulated socio-economic potential of the territory in relation to adjacent spaces.

Multiscale assessment of the coupling coordination between innovation and economic development in resource-based cities: A case study of Northeast China

The coordinated advancement of innovation and economic development is an inevitable problem for urban areas in China, among which resource-based cities confront more complex difficulties because of the continuous depletion of natural resources. However, little work has been done to measure the coupling coordination between innovation capability (IC) and economic development (ED) in resource-based cities. This study, therefore, calculated the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between IC and ED of resource-based cities in Northeast China from different regions with different resource types at different development stages. Moreover, the geographical detector further was employed to distinguish the influencing factors of CCD. The empirical results show that from 2013 to 2018, the coordinated development between ED and IC performed poorly in northeastern resource-based cities and experienced an obvious decoupling phenomenon. For the different regions, different resource types, and different development stages, the difference in CCD performance was significant among the northeastern resource-based cities. By comparing the influencing factors, the spatial heterogeneity of each indicator varied greatly, and the indicators of IC collectively had a stronger power determinant than ED in stimulating coordinated development.

CONSERVATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF UKRAINE THROUGH RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AS A FACTOR OF THE NATIONAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT

Conservation and restoration of architectural, historical and cultural heritage is of great importance for the development of cities, regions and the country as a whole. An illustrative example of this is the approach and experience of European countries. These countries have a rich and world-famous architectural, cultural and historical heritage, a high level of education, high living standards, environmental friendliness and high technology, and has become the main competitive advantage in the world.
 The modern idea of reconstruction, restoration and protection of monuments is not limited to attention to outstanding architectural monuments, as well as the historical and cultural heritage of the urban environment. An architectural monument is a work of historical, scientific, artistic and cultural value that has retained sufficient completeness of architectural forms for protection or restoration. The main purpose of the restoration of the monument is to preserve its historical authenticity. Through the reconstruction and restoration of monuments, the country attracts investors and develops tourism. Thus, the preservation and restoration of monuments can play a significant role in shaping modern society, as described by famous thinkers and writers.
 Cultural and architectural heritage sites are important assets that can be profita-ble and significantly affect the economic development of cities. Monuments of archi-tecture, culture and history are important to preserve not only because of their uniqueness, but also because they have historical and economic value for the state. The article analyzes the need to preserve the architectural heritage, considers examples of already restored buildings in Ukraine, and presents an architectural object that should be restored.

Ways to Activate Urban Transport to Achieve Urban Sustainability

The past few decades have witnessed a significant increase in the number of cars at the expense of public transport, as a result of the economic development in cities, which was accompanied by the possibility of buying a private car on the one hand and the expansion and spread of the city on the other hand. Although public transportation is so important, it cannot be the only alternative in transportation.The research idea referred to achieving urban sustainability by increasing accessibility opportunities through activating the role of public transport and reducing the use of private cars to a minimum. Urban sustainability can be achieved in several ways, and the research assumes that one of these ways lies in activating the role of public transport in cities. The research tries to shed light on the role of direct public transportation in urban development. The research relied on its methodology on the statistical indicators and evidence contained in international scientific studies in this field. The research confirmed his hypothesis that transport has a very positive impact on achieving urban sustainability. Therefore, the role of public transport must be activated and opportunities for its success must be provided.

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the impact of high-speed railway on urban economy: Empirical study of Chinese cities

The relationship between high-speed railway (HSR) construction and economic development has become a significant concern in recent decades. This study uses the spatiotemporal panel data of China's HSR construction and economic development from 2008 to 2018 as bases to discuss the spatial–temporal heterogeneity of the relationship between HSR and the urban economy. Firstly, this research measures the accessibility of different dimensions (i.e. location accessibility, potential accessibility and daily accessibility), and assesses the regional disparity of HSR accessibility and urban GDP using the Gini index. Secondly, the direct and indirect effects of HSR on economic development are analyzed from the global perspective by using the spatial Durbin model. Lastly, the geographically and temporally weighted regression model is applied to assess the spatial–temporal heterogeneity of the correlation between HSR and economic development from a local perspective. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The construction of HSR might reduce the regional disparity of daily accessibility, but expand the disparity of potential accessibility and location accessibility. (2) From a global perspective, HSR has a significant positive impact on urban economic development, but this impact was mainly produced by the spillover effect and not the direct effect. Specifically, the smaller the spatial–temporal distance between cities, the higher the level of regional integration and the better the economic development of cities. (3) The HSR impact on urban economic growth has a periodic feature. The stimulation of large-scale railway construction will expand the economic effect of HSR, although network improvement will gradually converge the corresponding impact. (4) From a local perspective, the HSR impact on economic development has significant spatial heterogeneity. Although HSR has a certain inhibitory effect on the economic development of Eastern China, it has a positive impact on the economic growth of the western region.

Динамика бюджетной автономии российских городов в условиях перехода к многоуровневому управлению

Throughout the period after the municipal reform in 2003, the governing of Russian cities has been changing. A city as an object of governance is located at the intersection of interests of different levels of public authorities and is not limited only to local authorities This article investigates how budget autonomy of Russian cities has been changing for the last 16 years, and how exogenous economic shocks and large-scale federal initiatives such as the “May Decrees” have influenced the budget autonomy of Russian cities. The paper considers a hypothesis that there was a transition to multi-level governance of Russian cities in 2006–2019, which led to significant reduction of the budget autonomy. Budgets of the 35 largest cities of Russia (except for city-regions like Moscow and Saint Petersburg) were collected and analyzed in terms of their revenue and expenditure sections to test the proposed hypothesis. The relationship between the economic level of development and budget sufficiency was investigated with cluster analysis. The main result of this research is that Russian cities have become dependent on the financial grants from regional governments since there is no national policy of stimulating the economic development of cities. The national economic crisis of 2014 accelerated the process of governance centralization. In addition, the budget autonomy of municipalities was reduced due to the fact that achieving indicators of the May Decrees had become the primary objective for the public authorities. The share of the income tax in local budgets increased significantly although the share and diversity of other income sources decreased.

Assessment of PM2.5 Chemical Composition and Air Quality Monitoring: Implications of Air Pollutants Emissions from a Night Market in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

ABSTRACT There are around 300 night markets in Taiwan, and they have been drawing an increasing number of tourists in recent years. As a result, public awareness over air quality in the night markets has grown tremendously. In response to this, a specific night market in Kaohsiung City was chosen for this study in order to characterize the existing air quality in and around the night markets. In this present study, we employed an Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST3) air quality model for the simulation of PM2.5 diffusions. The model as a technique can simulate the pollutants emissions, diffusions, transportation, and pollution sources in specific areas and subsequently evaluate the influence between the source and the receiver. Therefore, we compared pollutants emissions data from several air quality monitoring stations with our sampling data of three different sampling sites in Kaohsiung City. The findings of this study showed that the average concentration of PM2.5 was in the range of 29–61 µg m–3 during opening hours of the night market, whereas the average concentration of PM2.5 range was between 22–38 µg m–3 before the night market opening hours. The concentration of metallic elements (ME) (Mg, Na, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Ba, Cd, Pb and Ca) was determined with the support of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). During the night market opening hours, the result disclosed that the ME concentrations in PM2.5 was in an increasing order as follows: Na > Fe > Al > Ca. With respect to the concentration of carbonaceous species, our results showed that the highest total carbon (TC) concentration was found to be 6.52 µg m–3 during the downwind sampling interval. The highest elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentration were found to be 6.53 µg m–3 and 2.70 µg m–3 of the PM2.5 concentration, respectively. This study’s findings have significant consequences for Taiwan policymakers and urban planners, particularly those responsible for coordinating environmental protection and economic development in cities. Therefore, policy actions to abate urban air pollution can be attained on diverse governing echelons, resulting in synergistic effects such as a reduction in climate change impacts.

Environmental Architecture and Economic Development

Considered green or sustainable architecture a modern trends in architectural thought and interested in the relationship between buildings and the environment, where you must check the needs of the present without losing sight of the right of future generations to meet their needs - as it also appears to reduce the impact of buildings on the environment by reducing the economic costs of construction and operation , so they are highly efficient system compatible with the surrounding less collateral damage the environment it is an invitation to deal with the environment better. They become expansion to create a friendly environment or application of the standards of cities a prerequisite aims to provide energy consumption through optimal use of natural sources of energy (solar - energy winds) and invent new methods for new and renewable energy, in addition to the rationalization of water consumption and recycling of solid waste and attention to the realization of agriculture and forestation, which reduces carbon emissions and improves the quality of the environment in general and the internal environment and the air inside buildings, in particular, and thus improve the health of society and the increasing age the default of the buildings and the preservation of the ecosystem - which ultimately leads to higher productivity and boost the economy in various sectors. In the case of sustainable cities, the integration of green design and smart technology methods not only helps to reduce energy consumption and reduce the environmental impact, but also reduces the construction costs and maintenance costs and creates a comfortable working environment and improve the health of users and reduces the legal liability that may arise because of the buildings diseases and raise property value buildings and lease revenues.The relationship between environmental and economic development of cities is the relationship of a close balance between development and environmental protection and sustainability. We will show Here are the concepts of sustainability and green architecture in the urban sector and new environmental standards for the building with some global models of green building with green and sustainable architecture related to urban heritage and also a green business practices with an explanation of the most important factors and their priority in the environmental property and sustainable economic development of the Arab world.